Post-tensioning is the most versatile form of pre stressing, a technique which enables engineers to make the most effective use of the material properties of concrete, and so to design structural elements which are strong, slender and efficient. Design in post-tensioned concrete is not difficult and, if done properly, can contribute significantly to the economy and the aesthetic qualities of a building. Post-tensioned floors have found widespread use in office buildings and car park structures, and are also frequently employed in warehouses and public buildings. However, in spite of this, most prestressed concrete texts devote comparatively little attention to floors, concentrating instead on beam elements. This book answers the need for a comprehensive treatment of post-tensioned floor design.

This text provides a review of the properties and use of the principal chemical admixtures for concrete, including over 250 references to key literature sources. Coverage of each admixture follows a standard format, so the reader is able to find relevant information on each type easily. The introductory chapter explains the interaction of admixtures in the cement-water system. The following four chapters deal with admixtures in common use: air extraining admixtures; hardening accelerators; high-range water reducers (superplasticizers); water reducing/retarding admixtures. Less commonly used admixtures are also discussed, including topics for special applications: anti-washout admixtures for underwater concrete; corrosion inhibitors; gas forming admixtures; pumping aids; shotcrete admixtures. This book should be of interest to concrete technologists worldwide in cement companies, ready mixed and precast concrete suppliers; admixture manufacturers (CAA members in UK); civil engineers; researchers and academics in civil engineering departments.

When the SCION project started in 2009, the goal was to create an architecture offering high availability and security for basic point-to-point communication. In the five years since the publication of SCION: A Secure Internet Architecture, this next-generation Internet architecture has evolved in terms of both design and deployment. On the one hand, there has been development of exciting new concepts and systems, including a new global time-synchronization system, an inter-domain approach for bandwidth reservations called COLIBRI, and Green Networking, which allows combating global climate change on three fronts. On the other hand, SCION is now also in production use by the Swiss financial ecosystem, and enables participants such as the Swiss National Bank, the Swiss provider of clearing services (SIX), and all Swiss financial institutes to communicate securely and reliably with each other via the Secure Swiss Finance Network. This unique guidebook provides an updated description of SCION's main components, covering new research topics and the most recent deployments. In particular, it presents in-depth discussion of formal verification efforts. Importantly, it offers a comprehensive, thorough description of the current SCION system: Describes the principles that guided SCION's design as a secure and robust Internet architecture Provides a comprehensive description of the next evolution in the way data finds its way through the Internet Explains how SCION can contribute to reducing carbon emissions, by introducing SCION Green Networking Demonstrates how SCION not only functions in academic settings but also works in production deployments Discusses additional use cases for driving SCION's adoption Presents the approaches for formal verification of protocols and code Illustrated with many colorful figures, pictures, and diagrams, allowing easy access to the concepts and use cases Assembled by a team with extensive experience in the fields of computer networks and security, this text/reference is suitable for researchers, practitioners, and graduate students interested in network security. Also, readers with limited background in computer networking but with a desire to know more about SCION will benefit from an overview of relevant chapters in the beginning of the book.

Ferrocement is a versatile, construction material, with applications in low cost housing, rehabilitation, strengthening and repair of structures, especially in the developing world. The material can also be used in more advanced constructions for thin shell structures. This book forms the proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Ferrocement. It presents the latest developments in research and application of the material and should serve as a useful reference for all those interested in the material. This includes both researchers in all parts of the world, but also those responsible for low cost housing and construction in developing countries, in South America, Africa and the Far East. This book should be of interest to researchers concerned with building materials, government and international agencies involved with low cost housing, and repair specialists, consultants, contractors and material suppliers.

This textbook on fire dynamics provides a comprehensive description of fuels involved in fires, definitions related to fire, thermodynamics for fire calculations, basics of transport processes and fundamental aspects of combustion related to fire, physical descriptions of premixed and non-premixed flames, detailed analysis of the characteristics of fires from solid and liquid fuels, including ignition, spread and burning rates and physical aspects of fire plumes, compartment fires and dust fires. The contents also highlight fundamental aspects related to the evaporation of liquid fuels and pyrolysis of solid fuels which are explained with simplified mathematical expressions. The book includes pedagogical features such as worked examples to illustrate mathematical calculations involved in fire analysis and end-of-chapter review questions. This book proves useful for students, researchers and industry professionals alike.

It brings together, in a concise format, the key elements of the loads produced from explosive sources, how they interact with structures and the way structures respond to them. Explosive sources include gas, high explosives, dust and nuclear materials.
It presents quantitative information and design methods in a useable form without recourse to extensive mathematical analysis. The authors, Peter Smith and John Hetherington, are staff members at the Royal Military College of Science in Shrivenham and have been instrumental in establishing an active group comprising lecturing and research staff concerned with the response of structures to blast and ballistic loading.
Comprehensive coverage of a wide threat spectrum
Accessible style supported by relevant worked examples

This book systematically introduces the new technology used in the construction of underwater large slurry shields under complex conditions. The basic principles, scope of application, construction technology and technical points of the key technologies such as the origin and arrival of the shield, crossing the shallow soil in the middle of the river, crossing the guard, and changing the knife and opening the knife are clarified.

This book forms the Proceedings of the International Seminar held by the Institution of Structural Engineers and the Building Research Establishment in Brighton in April 1993. It brings together contributions from 15 countries on recent innovations in building and construction. Developments in the design of structures, improvements in existing materials and the introduction of new materials have historically gone hand-in-hand. The limited range of materials available for construction at any one time dictates the practical range of structural form and performance. It follows that current design methods, materials and construction techniques may not be suitable to meet the demands of particular applications. The introduction of a new material, or new practice may move the performance of the construction away from that which is reasonably well understood in the existing population of structures. By so doing, it may also lead to behaviour which cannot be adequately predicted by the current design methods. Developments such as these therefore bring risks as well as benefits. Innovations required to meet the clients' needs can also have a profound effect on the built environment. It is i

Presented in a straightforward and highly readable style, these two volumes offer an in-depth guide to all aspects of brickwork and bricklaying practice. Gerard Lynch has put together these comprehensive and instructive volumes linking past knowledge and practices with modern skills and materials, so that both can be fully examined and understood. Volume 1 begins with a background to the historical development of the brick, the craft of bricklaying and of brickwork from the 13th century to the present day. It then goes on to describe the modern manufacture of bricks along with their properties and classification. The book also includes chapters on mortars, tools and accessories and an explanation of bricklaying skills and comprehensive coverage of the techniques of bonding and its applications. Volume 2 examines the elements of building construction in brick. Chapter one studies the setting out of a small building and then progresses to foundations, examining the historical as well as current practices. The following five chapters cover both the contemporary and traditional aspects of substructure brickwork; basements; sleeper walls; damp proof courses; and, cavity walling and jointing and pointing. The volume concludes with useful advice on achieving controlled and efficient bricklaying.

The two-volume set. Each volume is also available individually. What happens to the fabric of a historic building if it is not cleaned? What is soiling, how does it affect the building? What cleaning methods should be used? This comprehensive two-volume guide addresses these important and controversial questions, along with many others, and offers practical guidance on appropriate cleaning techniques, backed up with useful case study material. Based on the author's extensive on-site involvement at trial and contract stage in many cleaning and surface repair project, this book examines the various attitudes and current cleaning practices, along with the role and need for analysis of substrates and soiling. It also offers advice on dealing with special cleaning problems, such as the removal of paint, graffiti and metallic stains, and provides an assesment of the cleaning methods currently available.

With the growth in export markets for mechanical/electrical services and the expansion of international contracting, it has become more and more important that an agreed international vocabulary is settled for the many specialist terms and descriptions involved in the industry. Heating, ventilating and air conditioning are among the more complex specializations within the construction industry, making the need for an internationally agreed vocabulary even greater. "The International Dictionary of Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning" is the result of a collaborative effort by an international panel of professional engineers set up by REHVA. Each member of the panel has considerable experience in this specialist engineering field and is responsible for the terms in his own mother tongue, thus ensuring the accuracy and general acceptability of the terms and translations given. The dictionary comprises two major divisions. The main sequence of the book consists of some 4,000 terms given in English, in alphabetical order, with their translations. The remainder of the book consists of alphabetical indexes for the other eleven languages covered: French, German, Italian, Danish, Finn

Concrete Composite Columns: Behavior and Design focuses on confined concrete and establishes analytical methods for each composite column. The volume moves beyond existing resources to study the relationship between existing composite structures and design methods for the sectional form of a concrete composite structure. Chapters cover the failure criteria of concrete, confined concrete types, models, including axial stress prediction, analysis and design-oriented constitutive models, the design and analysis of section form, axial and seismic behaviors of concrete composite columns, the seismic design of concrete composite columns, and the engineering application. This book offers a practical solution to students, researchers, and engineers working with both steel and FRP-confined concrete composite columns.

Corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete is a major problem, with serious implications for structural integrity and durability. Bridges and marine structures are particularly susceptible due to the more chemically aggressive environmental conditions that prevail. Hence there is a need to examine the durability, strength characteristics and suitability of alternative materials to steel reinforcement. This book provides a thorough overview of recent developments and applications in this area of growing importance. This book should be of interest to structural and civil engineers involved in the design and construction of concrete structures; materials researchers investigating durability and strength of reinforcing materials; and advanced students in these fields.

Sports grounds are valuable assets which need to be constructed and maintained properly for the particular sport or sports they serve in order that they perform consistently well. This detailed, practical guide provides information on the construction and maintenance of sports grounds. In part one, the text explores the extent to which games differ in their requirements and how these various requirements can be met by growing grass in natural, modified or specifically constructed soils. Drainage design and choice of materials are first explored theoretically, but this then leads on to a relatively simple, cost effective approach to design, based on careful choice of a limited range of precisely defined but readily available materials. In the second part, the general principles are applied to specific examples of modern construction, described in detail sufficient to form the basis of actual specifications. The examples cover the construction and maintenance of grass pitches suitable for vigorous winter games such as rugby and soccer, contrasted with construction for golf and bowls where the nature of the game requires fine turf. Hockey and cricket are treated as games somewhat inte

This book forms the proceedings of the International RILEM Workshop held in Paisley in March 1993. It contains contributions on theoretical and practical aspects of the use of special concretes, with a particular focus on their behaviour in the fresh state. A significant and increasing proportion of concrete mixes differ considerably from ordinary mixes. These are used where high performance is needed or for special applications, such as high strength concrete, underwater concrete, flowing concrete, sprayed concrete. Mixes containing fibres, silica fume, polymers, special aggregates and cements, also demand a different approach to normal practice, such as the use of modified mixing equipment. Outstanding performance of special concretes can be achieved but successful applications depend strongly on the behaviour of the mixes when fresh. At present there is insufficient guidance on the properties, specification, methods of assessment and compliance testing of fresh special concrete. This book brings together expert contributions in this fast developing field and aims to assist civil engineering and concrete technologists concerned with improving the quantity and economy of construct

The need for demolition, repair and renewal of concrete and masonry structures is growing all over the world. In recent years natural disasters, such as earthquakes, and war activities in many countries have caused very extensive damage to urban areas. This has led to the need for effective methods of assessing structural damage, site clearance and reconstruction. This book presents and discusses worldwide technical developments in the fields of demolition and recycling. The necessary theoretical technical background has accumulated, but knowledge is not being translated into practice. In particular, information is needed on standards and guidelines to promote quick and safe demolition and reuse of concrete and masonry. RILEM has been actively involved in this field for over ten years, through the work of its Technical Committees and the organization of International Symposia. This book forms the Proceedings of the Third Symposium, held in Odense, Denmark in October 1993, and follows the earlier events in Rotterdam in 1985 and Tokyo in 1988. The book will be invaluable for civil engineers, planners, contractors and researchers, and for government authorities and specialists in urban development and disaster mitigation.

This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of energy, environmental and construction engineering, as presented by international researchers and engineers at the International Scientific Conference Energy, Environmental and Construction Engineering, held in St. Petersburg, Russia on November 19-20, 2020. It covers highly diverse topics, including BIM; bridges, roads and tunnels; building materials; energy efficient and green buildings; structural mechanics; fluid mechanics; measuring technologies; environmental management; power consumption management; renewable energy; smart cities; and waste management. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations.

This book provides a comprehensive guide to the successful use of steel in building and will form a unique source of inspiration and reference for all those concerned with architecture in steel.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203362187

Lightweight aggregate concrete is undergoing something of a renaissance. Although this material has been available for many years, only now is it being used more widely. The volume of structural aggregate concrete used each year is increasing dramatically. Lower structural weight, better fire resistence, use of waste for aggregate, lower costs for aggregate: all these factors are contributing to the rapid increase in the use of acceptance of structural lightweight aggregate concrete. This book provides a comprehensive review of this growing field from an international perspective. This book should be of interest to structural and civil engineers involved in the design and construction of concrete structures; researchers in concrete materials design and performance.

This volume details the principles underlying rapid solidification processing, material structure and properties, and their applications. This practical resource presents a manifold approach to both amorphous and crystalline rapidly solidified metallic alloys.;Written by over 30 internationally acclaimed specialists in their respective fields, Rapidly Solidified Alloys: surveys nucleation and growth studies in undercooled melts; examines various processes for the production of rapidly solidified alloys; discusses the compaction of amorphous alloys; describes surface remelting treatments for the rapid solidification of surface layers and the resultant improved workpiece properties; covers the closely related topics of structural relaxation, atomic transport and other thermally induced processes; demonstrates microstructure-property relationships in rapidly quenched crystalline alloy systems and their beneficial effects in applications; and elucidates the basic, engineeering, and applications-oriented magnetic properties of amorphous alloys.;Furnishing more than 2300 literature citations for further study of specific subjects, Rapidly Solidified Alloys is intended for materials, mechanical, product, and civil engineers; metallurgists; magneticians; physicists; physical chemists; and graduate students in these disciplines.

This text presents the most recent research on fracture and damage of concrete and rock. It provides an improved understanding of the basic physical and mechanical principles of fracture mechanics in these materials with a strong view towards applications in construction engineering and mining engineering. It forms the proceedings of the international conference held in Vienna in November 1992. The background to the book comes from three main areas: fatigue and ageing of complex concrete structures have been responsible both for loss of life and for expenditure running into billions of dollars in recent decades; lack of virgin building land and high property values in cities and urban areas have led to more demolition and recycling of concrete structures, and related environmental problems; and more engineering structures are being built on and in rock mass of low quality and difficult terrain. Rock fracture mechanics has matured to a fully recognized discipline and is now being applied to problems of excavation, tunnelling, blasting and anchoring. FDCR Conferences provide a forum for international, interdisciplinary co-operation and exchange of ideas and experience between scienti

The importance of housing and the health of occupiers has been of concern to the architecture, construction, medical, legal and environmental health professions. A wide range of experts are approaching the various risks and dangers inherent in housing design and construction, and often do so without recourse to the advances in knowledge from related professions. A source book of the current progress in different disciplines should be of value to both those engaged in the provision of housing and also as a focus for the direction of future research. The objective of this book is to present an analysis of the research into the health implications of housing and the significance for legal regulation of housing conditions. This is achieved by presenting short papers from key experts in their field, together with an overview which relates the different disciplines to the health of occupiers. Whilst the focus of the research is primarily UK, it should be of interest in the USA, Europe, Australia and elsewhere since the topic of the relationship between housing and health is international. This is reflected in the international perspective taken by the contributors of this book. This book

"Wood Preservation" is a standard reference book on the subject. This new edition covers the most important developments over the last 15 years, prompted by new research, economic and technical changes and the increasing awareness of potential hazards to health and the environment. The book is divided into 5 chapters: preservation technology; wood degradation; preservation systems; preservation chemicals and practical conservation, with separate appendices dealing with the selection of a preservation system, wood borers, and wood destroying fungi. The book is suitable for use as an introduction to wood preservation technology but will also be a resource for professionals who are either already involved in the wood preservation industry or who work with preserved wood.