This book collects the scientific proceedings presented during the "2022 The 2nd International Civil Engineering and Architecture Conference" held in Singapore in March 2022 with the aim of showing the latest advancements in theoretical and applied research in the architecture, engineering, and construction sector (AEC). The book is organized into 4 main parts, namely (1) Sustainable Urban Planning and Architecture; (2) Architectural and Environmental Design; (3) Built Environment Materials and Construction Technology; and (4) Civil Engineering and Construction Management. The goal of the book is to provide readers with an overview of the ongoing transformation of the AEC industry presenting a thorough investigation of the emerging trends in the fields of green building design, construction, and operation.

Decision-making tools are needed to support environmental management in an increasingly global economy. Addressing threats and identifying actions to mitigate those threats necessitates an understanding of the basic risk assessment paradigm and the tools of risk analysis to assess, interpret, and communicate risks. It also requires modification of the risk paradigm itself to incorporate a complex array of quantitative and qualitative information that shapes the unique political and ecological challenges of different countries and regions around the world. This book builds a foundation to characterize and assess a broad range of human and ecological stressors, and risk management approaches to address those stressors, using chemical risk assessment methods and multi-criteria decision analysis tools. Chapters discuss the current state-of-knowledge with regard to emerging stressors and risk management, focusing on the adequacy of available systematic, quantitative tools to guide vulnerability and threat assessments, evaluate the consequences of different events and responses, and support decision-making. This book opens a dialogue on aspects of risk assessment and decision analysis that apply to real-time (immediate) and deliberative (long-term) risk management processes.

When this series first appeared in 1875 it was considered the best textbook on the subject, as it provided comprehensive coverage of all aspects of building construction work. This new reprint of the revised 1904 edition, in three volumes, contains over 1,350 pages of text and useful line drawings. Volume 1 covers brickwork, carpentry and roofing, giving detailed practical guidance on all aspects of the work and offering definitions of the terms used. Volume 2 includes sections on joinery, stairs and floors with Volume 3 providing detailed information on materials, including stone, brickwork, lime and paint.

Contents:
Part I Setting the Scene: 1. Healthy Buildings. 2. Evidence for Non-thermal Electromagnetic Bio-effects. 3. Effects of Electromagnetic Fields in the Living Environment. 4. An Introduction the Naturally Occurring & the Man Made Electromagnetic Environments Part II. Electromagnetic Fields, the Environment and the Man Made Electromagnetic Environments: 5 Mobile Phone Masts - Planning Issues on Siting. 6. Environmental Impact of Electrosmog. 7. Product Liability, Product Safety and the Precautionary Principle; Questions and Discussions Part III. Emissions and Standards: 8. What are We Exposed To? The Most Significant Exposure in the Built Environment. 9. Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Fields. 10. Biological Effects of Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields. 11. Building of Radio Frequencies and Microwaves in the Build Industry. 12. Are We Measuring the Right Things? Windows, Viewpoints and Sensitivity; Questions and Discussion Part IV. Health Effects of Electromagnetic Environments: 13. Biological Effects of Neutralising Vaccines; The Effects of Weak EM Fields and the Concordance Between the Two. 14. Electroclinical Syndromes - Live Wires in your Office. 15. Health Effects of High Voltage Powerlines. 16. Effects of 50Hz EMF Exposure on Mammalian Cells in Culture. 17. Electromagnetic Fields - Interactions with the Human Body. 18. Evidence to Support the Hypothesis that Electromagnetic Fields and Radiation are a Ubiquitous Universal Genotoxic Carcinogen. 19. Static Electricity in the Modern Human Environment. 20. Screen Dermatitis and Electrosensitivity: Preliminary Observations in the Human Skin. 21. Theoretical and Experimental Evidence Where Present Safety Standards Conflict with Reality. 22. The Effect of Mobile Phones on the Human Cognitive Functions; Questions and Discussion Part V. Awareness: 23. Electromagnetism and the Insurance Industry. 24. Assessing and Responding to Pre and Post Telecom Development Syndrome. 25. Electromagnetic Environments and Health in Buildings, Questions and Discussion. Part VI. The Future: 26. Exposure Guidelines to Electromagnetic Fields and Radiation - Past, Present and Future. 27. Research on Mobile Phones and Health. 28. New Site Sharing Technology for 3G and the City of Tomorrow. 29. Mobile Communications and Health. 30. Moving Beyond EMF Public Policy Paralysis; Questions and Discussion

This clear and accessible guide provides a comprehensive outline on how to convert your house into a more 'green' home. Buildings are the greates energy wasters and for those of us concerned about the environment, and household bills, this book presents the key design changes that we can implement to our own homes to remedy energy loss.
This title covers the full range of design chanegs that are available to the homeowner and designer for renovation, from the roof to the basement, from insulation to windows. It also feature a selection of case studies illustrating the experiences of other homeowners and designers and how they have adapted and used the technology available to them in creating an energy efficient home. This is a practical, hands-on guide, ideal for architects, designers and homeowners.
* Comprehensive practical design guide to making your home energy efficient
* Covers all aspects of the house, from roof to basement, making it relevant to all homes
* Clear explanations give you a basic understanding of the technology behind the design

Contents:
Preface to the Second Edition. Acknowledgements. Introduction. General Items. Preambles. 1. Railway Construction Measured Rates 2. Signalling 3. AC Electrification 4. DC Electrification 5. Permanent Way 6. Telecommunications 7. Property - New Build 8. Property - Refurbishment 9. Level Crossings 10. Bridges 11. Tunnels 12. General Civil Appendices. Useful Addresses. Acronyms and Common Terms. Regional Factors. International Location Factors. Index.

This is a unique text providing both design guidance and policy direction for the provision and design of public toilets covering city-wide, district-level and site-specific principles. It highlights the role of urban design in reversing the trend of inadequate toilet provision, and sets out guidelines for design which meets both user need and provider requirements.

Greed presents the fundamental principle that toilets should not be dealt with in isolation from mainstream urban policy, but that they should be seen as a serious core component in both strategic urban policy and local area design. She argues toilets are valuable townscape features in their own right as manifestation civic pride and good urban design - essential architectural components which add to the quality and viability of an area.
Although a range of design guidance on toilets exists there is still considerable dissatisfaction with the end product in terms of building design, levels of provision, location, safety, layout, DDA requirements and accessibility. By outlining user demands and provider constraints, Greed shows that it is essential for architects to have an informed understanding and practical knowledge of toilet issues when working with public and private sector providers.
Examples of toilet architecture from other countries, and policies from different cultural settings, are included for comparative purposes to invigorate UK perspectives.
* Brings user needs and provider considerations to the attention of urban designers and architects
* International examples of toilet architecture and policies facilitate refreshing comparisons
* The first book to deal with toilets as an integral partof urban design

Contents:
1. Human Comfort and Ventilation 2. Ventilation Requirements 3. Air Infiltration 4. Principles of Air Jets and Pumps 5. Air Diffusion Devices 6. Design of Room Air Distribution Systems 7. Natural, Hybrid and Low Energy Ventilation 8. Computational Fluid Dynamics in Room Airflow Analysis 9. Measurement of Indoor Climate Appendix A Air Infiltration Calculation Software Appendix B CFD Codes

Contents:
1. Human Comfort and Ventilation 2. Ventilation Requirements 3. Air Infiltration 4. Principles of Air Jets and Pumps 5. Air Diffusion Devices 6. Design of Room Air Distribution Systems 7. Natural, Hybrid and Low Energy Ventilation 8. Computational Fluid Dynamics in Room Airflow Analysis 9. Measurement of Indoor Climate Appendix A Air Infiltration Calculation Software Appendix B CFD Codes

The bible of the industrial storage and distribution industry and the manual of policy and practice. It provides information for those with empty buildings on their hands, those trying to find space for new and/or growing enterprises and those faced with the problem of how to manage multi-tenant, multi-use buildings. An outline of feasibility studies both from the standpoint of users looking for a building and buildings looking for a use is also included. One is matched with the other. The whole process is explained and placed in a legal and planning framework. Allowances for technological change and expansion are outlined as well as an explanation of the significance of various patterns of ownership, tenancy and management that can be adopted. As the container has been universally acepted for use in materials handling, this book is internationally relevant.Preface by George Heery AIA of the Heery Corporation, one of the largest and most successful industrial storage and distribution companies in the US.

Passive and active solar strategies together with the adoption of energy conservation measures and the integration of new materials and technologies can lead to a dramatic reduction of 75-90 per cent in the energy consumption of the buildings. The objective of Task 13 of the IEA's Solar Heating and Cooling Programme was to advance solar building technologies and demonstrate this potential by designing and constructing buildings that met very low energy consumption targets while maintaining a good indoor climate. This revised second edition of this book presents the findings of the Task 13 experts and includes the results of the monitoring programme, conducted to determine the effectives of the techniques and strategies adopted. This new edition also provides a detailed explanation of this research programme in terms of how far the expectations of the Task experts were met and highlights the specific successes and lessons learned from the project.

A core task of engineers is to analyse energy related problems. The analytical treatment is usually based on principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics and heat transfer, but is increasingly being handled computationally.
This unique resource presents a practical textbook, written for both undergraduates and professionals, with a series of over 60 computer workbooks on an accompanying CD.

The book emphasizes how complex problems can be deconstructed into a series of simple steps. All thermophysical property computations are illustrated using diagrams within text and on the companion CD.

This book discusses in detail the great historical and social significance of the development of Artificial Intelligence (AI). It consists of seven chapters, each focusing on a specific issue related to AI, such as ethical principles, legal regulations, education, employment and security. Adopting a multidisciplinary approach, it appeals to wide readership, ranging from experts and government officials to the general public.

This book provides an overview of the initiation of combustion processes of polymeric materials. It presents physicochemical processes associated with heating as well as numerical methods for initiation parameter calculation. In addition, the book describes thermal degradation of polymers and the effect of an incident heat flux on initiation time. It then highlights the most commonly used devices for measuring the time to ignition using external heat sources. The target group of this book are scientists and researchers dealing with materials combustion and also graduates and practitioners focused on fire protection.

Facilities Management Handbook was written from practical experience to con solidate, under one cover, all the necessary information at an adequate depth to guide you effectively through the intricacies of a project that may begin with site search, progress through leasing, new building construction or remodeling, and on to oc cupancy. This is not a theoretical exposition, but instead is a practical approach based on 30 years experience with every aspect of the material covered. These methods and concepts have been successfully used in actual situations. The book's purpose is to bring together, in one handy volume, information usually found in separate, specialized, technical publications, in an easy-to-read style readily comprehensible and usable by both technical and nontechnical people. It was written to serve anyone responsible for building design and construction, facilities manage ment and operations, and real estate leasing; particularly building owners and managers, industrial, commercial, and institutional facilities department personnel, plant engineering, and real estate departments. It could also be valuable to students and others planning careers in these fields. The book provides necessary information to assist sales personnel handling products and services serving the need of the above."

The construction industry's latent potential for integrating and improving its procurement processes has long been recognized in most developed countries. Numerous government level reports insist that full integration of the design and construction supply chain can result in substantial gains in efficiency, morale and quality. New methods of working, such as partnering and prime contracting, give sophisticated opportunities for clients, end users and the design and construction supply-side to work in a more effective and collaborative way.

In the UK, the Latham and Egan reports have spurred further initiatives from the demand-side of the industry to speed the pace of reform, such as those seen in the launch of three radical best practice standards for construction procurement: the Confederation of Construction Clients' "Charter Handbook", the National Audit Office report "Modernising Construction" and the Department of Media, Culture and Sport report "Better Public Buildings".

Building Down Barriers, a guide to construction best practice explains and compares, simply and clearly, the main aspects of the three standards and also compares them with similar developments in countries such as the USA and Singapore. It goes on to examine not only the fundamental culture changes they necessitate in each sector of the UK construction industry, but also the consequences of ignoring them. The book is aimed at all members of the design and construction supply chain, including the client and end users, and it is a valuable guide for students in all design and construction courses

eBook available with sample pages: 0203398289

This book offers a unique treatment of building insulating products and the integration of these products with building components. This book was written for all those involved in building design, specification, construction, and commissioning, providing them with an understanding of and appreciation for the wide variety of thermal insulation products and technologies available for use in all types of buildings. The book proceeds from basic definitions and discussion of heat-transfer topics and thermal insulation concepts, to the design and use of these products. The impact of thermal insulation on dynamic building performance, including factors other than heating and cooling, is also discussed. The book does not require an advanced mathematical background. The authors provide sufficient information to provide a qualitative understanding, with more mathematical sections included for those interested in modeling and analysis. The basic physics associated with heat transfer in buildings are presented, along with the steady-state and transient analysis techniques needed for the effective implementation of thermal insulation and assemblies. Modern building design involves the integration of comfort, safety, economics, durability and cost considerations, all of which impact the selection and use of thermal insulation materials in buildings. In addition to theoretical explanations of the underlying science, the book details the properties and application of new thermal insulation materials, including vacuum panels, gas-filled panels, aerogels, phase-change materials, and radiation control technologies. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to researchers and building engineers wishing to understand the latest technologies and materials available, so as to achieve reduced energy consumption in commercial and residential buildings.

This book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable Building Materials and Construction (ICSBMC 2021), and examines a range of durable, energy-efficient, advance construction and building materials produced from industrial wastes and byproducts. The topics covered include advanced construction materials, durability of concrete structures, waste utilization, repair & rehabilitation of concrete structures, structural analysis & design, composites, nanomaterials and smart materials in seismic engineering. The book also discusses various properties and performance attributes of modern-age concretes including their strength, durability, workability, and carbon footprint. This book will be a precious reference for beginners, researchers, and professionals interested in sustainable construction and allied fields.

Contents:
1. Introduction. 2. Project Requirements. 3. Contract Strategy. 4. Project Modalities. 5. Developing a Strategy. 6. Quality. 7. Retrofitting and Maintenance. 8. Product Modalities. 9. The Supplying Market. 10. Forming the Team. 11. Engaging the Supply Chain. 12. Performance Modalities. 13. The Project Environment. 14. Design Roles and Responsibilities. 15. Tendering. 16. The Procurement Process.

This book provides an overview of asphalt pavement maintenance, highlighting the key asphalt pavement maintenance technologies in China. It analyzes the trend toward preventive maintenance technologies and proposes technical guidelines and implementation rules for preventive maintenance. As such it is a valuable reference resource for technicians in related industries, both in China and abroad, as well as professionals involved in road infrastructure maintenance projects in countries participating in the Belt and Road Initiative.

This book explores the reconstruction after the 2015 Gorkha Nepal earthquake, on the basis of the author's first-hand experience that has been validated with empirical evidence. Unlike other advocacy and academic literature, the book takes readers close to the ground where the activities took place. This book describes Nepal's efforts to rebuild private housing from the preparatory to the concluding stages, and the obstacles faced and overcome along the way. It assesses the consequences of the policy level decisions and also examines the relevance, utility and future use of damage assessment surveys that were carried out in the country. In addition, lessons from the housing grant payment through the banking system, impending reasons for housing non-compliance to building standards, experimentation with resilient resettlements and unresolved issue of urban regeneration have been also delved in. The ground realities revealed that the aid architecture requires further carving out. The last three chapters have attempted to capture the macro level picture of the reconstruction and recovery endeavors: contribution to national economy, structural resilience and comparative overview of Nepal's delivery in global context. As an intimately involved professional with the 2015 Nepal Earthquake, Dr Shrestha is the authority from whom a holistic understanding can be attained regarding the response of Nepal's state and society to the Earthquake. His study will have ramification at national and global scale in handling with inescapable natural calamities. Kanak M. Dixit, Journalist and Heritage Conservationist Dr. Shrestha's book provides rare insight and perspective on the issues and challenges of governance during the complex journey to reconstruction and future resilience, reflecting his long and intense engagement in the post disaster recovery and reconstruction. Vivek Rawal, Director, People-in-Centre, Ahmedabad, India This collection of balanced insightful essays methodically explores topics such as government decisions and aid during the earthquake recovery combining lived experience and a research approach to reveal lessons and future considerations. Loren Lockwood, Former National Coordinator, Housing Recovery and Reconstruction Platform Nepal

This handbook brings together expertise from a range of disciplinary perspectives and geographical contexts to address a key question facing prison policymakers, architects and designers - what kind of carceral environments foster wellbeing, i.e. deliver a rehabilitative, therapeutic environment, or other 'positive' outcomes? The Palgrave Handbook of Prison Design offers insights into the construction of custodial facilities, alongside consideration of the critical questions any policymaker should ask in commissioning the building of a site for human containment. Chapters present experience from Australia, Chile, Estonia, Ireland, New Zealand, Norway, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States - jurisdictions which vary widely in terms of the history and development of their prison systems, their punitive philosophies, and the nature of their public discourse about the role and purpose of imprisonment, to offer readers theories, frameworks, historical accounts, design approaches, methodological strategies, empirical research, and practical approaches.

Steel and Composite Structures: Behaviour and Design for Fire Safety presents a systematic and thorough description of the behaviour of steel and composite structures in fire, and shows how design methods are developed to quantify our understanding.
Quantitative descriptions of fire behaviour, heat transfer in construction elements and structural analysis using numerical methods are all addressed and existing codes and standards for steel and composite fire safety design are critically examined. Using a comprehensive and systematic description of structural fire safety engineering principles, the author explains and illustrates the important difference between the behaviour of isolated structural elements and whole structures under fire conditions.
This book is a vital source of information to structural and fire engineers. It will also be of considerable interest and value to students and researchers in this field.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203302249

This book provides international perspective for those studying or working in the security domain, from enforcement to policy. It focuses on non-traditional threats in a landscape that has been described as transnational in nature and incorporates natural disasters, gang violence, extremism and terrorism, amongst other issues. Chapters provide innovative thinking on themes including cyber security, maritime security, transnational crime, human security, globalization and economic security. Relevant theoretical frameworks are presented and readers are expertly guided through complex threats, from matters pertaining to health security which pose threats not only to humans but also have significant national security implications, to issues regarding critical infrastructure vulnerability and the complexity of understanding terrorist operations. Authors reveal how emerging uncertainties regarding global critical infrastructure and supply chain security, food security, and health security are linked to the notion of human security. Security professionals, policy makers and academics will all gain from the insights, strategies and perspectives in this book. It builds understanding of the deepening and broadening domain of security studies and provides a valuable reference text for courses on security studies and international relations.

This textbook explores the production of pig iron, covering the first part of the steel production process, known as ironmaking. Divided into seven chapters, it discusses the following topics: raw materials for steel production (coking coal, iron ore, slag-forming agents and fluxes, scrap, ferroalloys and pre-reduced materials), the sintering process (used to prepare the burden for the blast furnace), the pelletizing process (used to agglomerate the fine iron ores), the production of coke (the main reductant in the ironmaking process), the production of iron by reduction with gas (an alternative to the blast furnace) and the production of pig iron in the blast furnace (which is used in more than 65% of steel production worldwide). Specially conceived for graduate and undergraduate courses, this book is based on more than 30 years of teaching experience in courses for undergraduates, graduates (master and Ph.D.) and industry professionals (technicians). It explores the recent trends in the iron- and steelmaking process (which might used in the future production of steel), and features 55 worked exercises and real-world problems to complement of the theoretical sections of the text.