This text consists of a series of contributions on one of the rapidly advancing subjects in the field of cement and concrete - that of the interfaces between the various components of cementious materials: cements, aggregates, fibres, reinforcement. The microstructural, chemical and physical processes that govern the behaviour of all cement-based materials are dependent on the way in which these components interact, and the powerful techniques which are commonly used in other fields of materials science are now being applied to cementitious materials. The book contains data from many of the research groups around the world dealing with this topic, and will be valuable for all those involved with research into and development of cement-based materials. It forms the proceedings of the international conference organised by RILEM Technical Committee 108 and the Laboratory for Materials and Durability of Construction at the National Institute for Applied Science, at Toulouse in France, and held in Toulouse in October 1992.

This edition has been revised throughout to take account of recent changes and to incorporate amendments required due to the publication of the revised BS 5328. The manual provides information on all aspects of the ready-mixed concrete industry, from basic materials and their properties to the production, quality control and use of ready-mixed concrete. Discussion of the qualities of concrete and the achievement of quality requirements leads to the consideration of specifying concrete quantities. Attention is then turned from production to delivery. The authors discuss arguments for choosing ready-mixed concrete, and deal with the fundamental issues of obtaining quotations, ordering and handling. While providing a detailed ready reference, this book also gives the reader a perspective on the industry as a whole.

High performance concrete (HPC) is of great topical interest to the construction industry worldwide, with applications in high-rise, offshore, nuclear and bridge structures, and in precast concrete. Among the benefits of HPC are improved workability and strength, leading to faster and more economical construction; more durable concrete, especially important for bridges, offshore and nuclear structures, and highways; and improved structural characteristics, which allow more economical and efficient structural designs. The French national project, "New Developments for Concrete", is providing important insights into the materials characteristics of high performance concrete, and also of the structural behaviour of a number of major buildings and bridge structures. This book contains a series of 35 selected reviews and reports on HPC by the leading materials scientists and engineers contributing to the French programme. Previously, they have only been available to delegates at seminars and meetings in France but the most valuable have been edited and translated into English in order to make the results of the programme widely available.

This volume represents the proceedings of the second in a series of discussion meetings convened by The Royal Society with the aim of reviewing the ways in which human needs and national expectations can be served by technological developments in the 21st century. "A Global Strategy for Housing in the Third Millennium" provides an authoritative account of the demand for housing in rich and poor countries, and shows how that demand may be satisfied by well co-ordinated social and technological policies. It provides basic principles in good housing design and social attitudes towards housing. The contributors - leading authorities from North America, Europe and Japan - predict future contributions of technology to housing for basic needs and comfort in temperate and extreme climates. New materials, construction processes and the increasing use of electronics in building services and overall planning are also central to this book. The wide range of viewpoints from which future technical developments in housing are approached should make this book beneficial for those professionally concerned with the planning, construction and management of housing.

New materials and methods within the construction industry offer substantial advantages in terms of cost, durability, ease of design, and ease of fabrication. This new book looks at the multitude of uses of polymer composites in construction and discusses fabrication methods, suitability of materials, design methods, construction methods, performance and practical applications.

It is becoming increasingly difficult and expensive for demolition contractors to dispose of building waste and demolition rubble. For environmental reasons, public authorities are looking for ways of reusing these materials. The purpose of this book is to make the construction industry and public authorities aware of the technical possibilities for recycling of demolished concrete and masonry. It also shows how localized cutting and partial demolition of concrete structures can be carried out. Recycling of demolished concrete and masonry consists of three state-of-the-art reports which have been prepared by members of an international RILEM committee: recycled aggregates and recycled aggregate concrete; recycled masonry as aggregate for concrete; and blasting of concrete - localized cutting in and partial demolition of concrete structures. The three reports review a range of research and practical experience on the subjects, much of which has not been easily accessible before. They are intended for use by building industry professionals' involved in design and construction at all levels. They should be of particular use to demolition and recycling contractors, and to concrete tech

This volume emphazises the most early 1990s advances in fracture mechanics as specifically applied to steel bar reinforced concrete. Fracture mechanics has been applied to plain and fibre reinforced concrete with increasing success over recent years. This workshop extended these concepts to steel bar reinforced and pre-stressed concrete design. Particularly for high strength concrete, which is a very brittle material, and in the case of large structural members, the application of fracture mechanics appears to be very useful for improving the present design rules. The participants at the Turin workshop contributed expert opinions in four selected areas for which a rational approach, using fracture mechanics, could introduce variations into the concrete design codes: size effects; anchorage and bond; minimum reinforcement for elements in flexure; and shear resistance. The 23 chapters logically address these themes and demonstrate the unique ability of fracture mechanics to capture all the experimentally observed characteristics.

This encyclopedic volume covers almost every phase of piping design - presenting procedures in a straightforward way.;Written by 82 world experts in the field, the Piping Design Handbook: details the basic principles of piping design; explores pipeline shortcut methods in an in-depth manner; and presents expanded rules of thumb for the piping design engineer.;Generously illustrated with over 1575 figures, display equations, and tables, the Piping Design Handbook is for chemical, mechanical, process, and equipment design engineers.

The cyber world has been both enhanced and endangered by AI. On the one hand, the performance of many existing security services has been improved, and new tools created. On the other, it entails new cyber threats both through evolved attacking capacities and through its own imperfections and vulnerabilities. Moreover, quantum computers are further pushing the boundaries of what is possible, by making machine learning cyber agents faster and smarter. With the abundance of often-confusing information and lack of trust in the diverse applications of AI-based technologies, it is essential to have a book that can explain, from a cyber security standpoint, why and at what stage the emerging, powerful technology of machine learning can and should be mistrusted, and how to benefit from it while avoiding potentially disastrous consequences. In addition, this book sheds light on another highly sensitive area - the application of machine learning for offensive purposes, an aspect that is widely misunderstood, under-represented in the academic literature and requires immediate expert attention.

48 papers are subdivided into seven chapters: Production, technology and properties; Pore structure and properties; Heat and mass transfer; Crack formation and durability; Reinforced components; Masonry; Ecology and new developments. A comprehensive bibliography on research, technology and applications of autoclaved aerated concrete with 332 references is included. The present state of knowledge on specific properties and ecological aspects of an interesting building material is outlined.

This text provides a reference on the early 1990s state of the art in this field covering topics such as physics, chemistry, toxicology and human behaviour. It contains nearly 100 scientific papers on all aspects of the subject. Many papers are included which illustrate the early 1990s state of development in the mathematical modelling of fire phenomena using computing.

Combined experience of well-regarded academic and professional author who has a long and illustrious career in the region Broad market across growing Australian construction sector, over 11000 students in any one year plus professionals starting careers Includes case studies, discussion questions, online support materials

This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of construction engineering, as presented by researchers and engineers at the Digital Technologies in Construction Engineering conference, held in Belgorod, Russia, on June 8-9, 2021. It covers highly diverse topics, including industrial and civil construction, building materials; environmental engineering and protection; sustainability; structure safety and special construction structures. The contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations.

This text is a successor to the author's "Workability of Concrete" published in 1976 and, again, is written specifically for practising engineers and concrete technologists. It incorporates the results of a further 15 years research and develops the treatment of workability as a property to be measured in terms of two constants, which was introduced in the earlier book. The scientific basis is simply explained and used for the description of practical methods and apparatus. This leads to elucidation of problems surrounding the topic of workability and to an account of the potential for quality control. The validity and limitations of standard methods of workability assessment are fully considered and there are several chapters on the effects on workability of the properties and proportions of mix constituents. This book should be of interest to concrete technologists in universities and colleges, ready-mixed concrete, precast concrete and admixture suppliers, testing laboratories, consultants, contractors and specifying authorities.

In this basic textbook, prospective architects, urban and landscape planners receive assistance in working on urban development projects and designs. This edition has been expanded by two chapters on informal urban planning and regional urban development. The contents presented and their preparation are based on the design process in practice and embed it in a theoretical framework of necessary background knowledge. As an introduction, an overview of the understanding of the city, of urban structures and the laws governing them is given. In order to make the multi-layered structure of the city more comprehensible, it is broken down into different layers and building blocks. The approach to urban design is described using the "layer method" in the form of successive phases. Examples of urban development projects and competitions illustrate the individual design steps.

The papers presented deal with the general methods and techniques, from a range of disciplines, as they can be applied to specific engineering and fire safety situations. The circumstances described include a variety of large scale plant applications in the petrochemical industry. As such this text is a reference for fire engineers, petroleum engineers and legislators working in multi-disciplinary design engineering teams. This text addresses five major areas of importance on and offshore: risk assessment, operations and operational safety, research, risk reduction and design safety, detection and control and protective systems.

The deterioration of cement and concrete as a result of the alkali-silica reaction ("concrete cancer") is one of the major problems facing civil, structural and mechanical engineers involved in the design, construction, repair and maintenance of structures. It is a global problem, and in this book, case studies from both developed and developing countries have been selected to provide an insight into how variables such as climate, geology, construction materials and methods, and building practice, have a bearing on the magnitude of the problem and an influence on remedial measures. This book is a source of reference for civil, structural and mechanical engineers, designers and researchers.

The book focuses on low carbon construction materials such as stabilised compressed earth blocks (CEB's) and rammed earth (RE). The content has been divided into four broad themes which includes an introduction to earth construction & stabilised earth, stabilised compressed earth blocks and masonry, stabilised rammed earth, and energy, carbon emissions, sustainability and case studies. It provides basic introduction to earthen materials and earthen structures, particularly with reference to the contemporary work on stabilised earth products for structural applications in buildings. The illustrations in the form of graphs, tables and photographs help the reader to get a grip over the CEB and RE construction. The book illustrates many case studies and examples of CEB and RE buildings. The knowledge on structural characteristics of CEB and RE especially with reference to the durability of such earthen products, and the structural design aspects is uniquely dealt. The embodied energy, embodied carbon, and the impact on construction sector touching upon sustainability of buildings is another unique feature of the book. This volume will be a useful guide for the research community, teachers, engineers, architects, building professionals, practicing engineers, students and individuals aspiring to build low carbon and sustainable buildings.

Proceedings of the International Conference on Steel and Aluminium Strucutres, ICSAS 91, Singapore 22-24 May 1991. The complete proceedings are available in three volumes: steel structures, aluminium structures and composite steel structures. The conference was organised by the Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Singapore sequel to the one held in Cardiff, UK in July 1987. It was co-sponsored by the International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering, the Institution of Civil Engineers, the Institution of Engineers, Singapore, the Institution of Structural Engineers, the Steel Construction Institute, UK, the Singapore Structural Steel Society and the University of Wales College of Cardiff. The conference provided a forum to discuss recent advances and trends in the analysis, design and construction of all types of metal structures. This volume contains 18 of the papers presented at the conference. Invited Lectures on the state-of-the-art surveys have been provided by well-known experts in their respective fields. The coverage is extensive and topics include Bridges, Building Floor Systems, Concrete Filled Hollow Sections, Aluminium-concrete Systems, Composite Members to Earthquake Loading, etc.

This text describes the underlying behaviour of steel and concrete bridge decks. It shows how complex structures can be analyzed with physical reasoning and relatively simple computer models, and without complicated mathematics. In recent years the computer methods of grillage and space frame have become very popular and accessible as microcomputers and software have developed rapidly. In this second edition, the intrinsic safety of these methods when used in a systematic manner is explained. New chapters have been included on the analysis of distortion of box girder bridges, on the stiffnesses of supports and foundations, and on integral bridges. The chapter on beam decks and frames now includes demonstrations of the influence of foundation stiffnesses on the frame behaviour of a portal bridge and an arching structure. Coverage of beam-and-slab bridges has been enlarged to explain "torsionless design" which simplifies the design of some bridges. New examples illustrate the grillage analysis of a composite bridge using AASHTO type prestressed concrete girders, and of a composite steel deck. Additional comparisons between grillage and finite strip analyses of cellular structures are

The 1990s will be a challenging decade for the surveying profession. Increased competition from new sources, a wide range of technological changes, new developments in the market place present a challenge to the profession. In order to meet these challenges, surveyors must keep up to date with the state of the art. By presenting a broad view of both good practice and research at the forefront of construction investment, procurement and performance, this book addresses recent techniques and technology which enable property to be valued and managed and buildings to be built as effectively and efficiently as possible. With over 25 contributions from both the academic world and from professional practices, it presents insights from people throughout the profession in the key areas of valuation, finance and risk; information technology management and the valuation; and technology.

Concrete is one of the principal construction materials used world-wide. Although developments in materials and performance have widened the scope for the use of concrete, they have also affected its properties, particularly in the long term. From this it becomes clear that quality control, which is of vital importance for the building industry in general, needs special attention in its application to concrete structures. The importance of establishing comprehensive quality assurance systems both nationally and internationally is becoming increasingly recognized. Such systems need to take account of the contractual relationships in the industry in order to function effectively. International harmonization of standards and regulations is also putting greater emphasis on such systems. This book forms the proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Quality Control of Concrete Structures which was held in Ghent, Belgium, in June 1991. The volume brings together new information on technical developments, research and practical experience on the following topics: quality management, early age properties of concrete, durability, quality assessment, statistical approaches.

Smart Buildings: Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology to Improve Energy Efficiency and Environmental Performance presents a thorough analysis of the latest advancements in construction materials and building design that are applied to maximize building efficiency in both new and existing buildings. After a brief introduction on the issues concerning the design process in the third millennium, Part One examines the differences between Zero Energy, Green, and Smart Buildings, with particular emphasis placed on the issue of smart buildings and smart housing, mainly the ‘envelope’ and how to make it more adaptive with the new possibilities offered by nanotechnology and smart materials. Part Two focuses on the last generation of solutions for smart thermal insulation. Based on the results of extensive research into more innovative insulation materials, chapters discuss achievements in nanotechnology, bio-ecological, and phase-change materials. The technical characteristics, performance level, and methods of use for each are described in detail, as are the achievements in the field of green walls and their use as a solution for upgrading the energy efficiency and environmental performance of existing buildings. Finally, Part Three reviews current research on smart windows, with the assumption that transparent surfaces represent the most critical element in the energy balance of the building. Chapters provide an extensive review on the technical features of transparent closures that are currently on the market or under development, from so-called dynamic glazing to bio-adaptive and photovoltaic glazing. The aesthetic potential and performance limits are also be discussed.

This work reviews methods for the experimental determination of concrete toughness and presents theories and models suitable for describing cracking and fracturing phenomena in plain and reinforced concrete. Test methods based on classsical linear fracture mechanics cannot be applied to laboratory sized concrete specimens. The book compares the currently used methods and presents recommended test procedures for mode I fracture/toughness using notched beam and other specimens. Crack propagation under mixed-mode loading (Mode II) is discussed and current test methods are extensively reviewed. Effects of loading rate, temperature and humidity effects are treated in a separate chapter. The book concludes with descriptions and recommendations of techniques for detecting the fracture process zone in concrete, in particular, pulse velocity and laser interferometry techniques. The introduction of the concepts of fracture toughness and fracture energy into structural concrete design codes means that the experimental determination of fracture porperties is ceasing to be an academic exercise and is becoming a technical need. This book has been prepared by RILEM Technical committee 89-FMT and

This volume sets out to present recent research findings on the applications of fracture mechanics to concrete structures. Papers from international contributors describe existing and new modelling techniques in the analysis of concrete materials and structures. Topics discussed include structural modelling, bending, shear, bond and anchorage. The book forms the proceedings of a RILEM workshop held in Sweden in 1989. It is dedicated to Professor Arne Hillerborg, whose contribution to fracture mechanics is also reviewed.