Intuitive real geometric approach to higher-dimensional Fourier transformations A comprehensive reference, suitable for graduate students and researchers Includes detailed definitions, properties, and many full step-by-step proofs Many figures and tables, a comprehensive biography, and a detailed index make it easy to locate information

In this monograph, we present the authors' recent work of the last seven years in Approximation Theory. Chapters are self-contained and can be read independently and advanced courses can be taught out of this book. Here our generalized discrete singular operators are of the following types: Picard, Gauss-Weierstrass and Poisson-Cauchy operators. We treat both the unitary and non-unitary, univariate and multivariate cases of these operators, which are not necessarily positive operators. The book's results are expected to find applications in many areas of pure and applied mathematics, and statistics. As such, it is suitable for researchers, graduate students, and seminars of related subjects, and serves well as an invaluable resource for all science libraries.

The volume contains a collection of original papers and surveys in various areas of Differential Equations, Control Theory and Optimization written by well-known specialists and is thus useful for PhD students and researchers in applied mathematics.

The concept of multivalued linear operators-or linear relations-is the one of the most exciting and influential fields of research in modern mathematics. Applications of this theory can be found in economic theory, noncooperative games, artificial intelligence, medicine, and more. This new book focuses on the theory of linear relations, responding to the lack of resources exclusively dealing with the spectral theory of multivalued linear operators. The subject of this book is the study of linear relations over real or complex Banach spaces. The main purposes are the definitions and characterization of different kinds of spectra and extending the notions of spectra that are considered for the usual one single-valued operator bounded or not bounded. The volume introduces the theory of pseudospectra of multivalued linear operators. The main topics include demicompact linear relations, essential spectra of linear relation, pseudospectra, and essential pseudospectra of linear relations. The volume will be very useful for researchers since it represents not only a collection of a previously heterogeneous material but is also an innovation through several extensions. Beginning graduate students who wish to enter the field of spectral theory of multivalued linear operators will benefit from the material covered, and expert readers will also find sources of inspiration.

This second edition introduces an additional set of new mathematical problems with their detailed solutions in real analysis. It also provides numerous improved solutions to the existing problems from the previous edition, and includes very useful tips and skills for the readers to master successfully. There are three more chapters that expand further on the topics of Bernoulli numbers, differential equations and metric spaces.Each chapter has a summary of basic points, in which some fundamental definitions and results are prepared. This also contains many brief historical comments for some significant mathematical results in real analysis together with many references.Problems and Solutions in Real Analysis can be treated as a collection of advanced exercises by undergraduate students during or after their courses of calculus and linear algebra. It is also instructive for graduate students who are interested in analytic number theory. Readers will also be able to completely grasp a simple and elementary proof of the Prime Number Theorem through several exercises. This volume is also suitable for non-experts who wish to understand mathematical analysis.

Features Clearly illustrate the mathematical theories of nonlinear systems and its progress to both the non-expert and active researchers in this area Suitable for graduate students in Mathematics, Applied Mathematics and some of the Engineering sciences Written in a careful pedagogical manner by those experts who have been involved in the research themselves, and each contribution is reasonably self-contained

Differential Equations: A Linear Algebra Approach follows an innovative approach of inculcating linear algebra and elementary functional analysis in the backdrop of even the simple methods of solving ordinary differential equations. The contents of the book have been made user-friendly through concise useful theoretical discussions and numerous illustrative examples practical and pathological.

Presents Sequence Spaces, their properties and Summability methods, which provides the foundation of every course in analysis Provides different points of view in one volume, e.g. their topological properties, geometry and summability, fuzzy valued study and more Aimed at both experts and non-experts with an interest in getting acquainted with sequence space, matrix transformations and their applications Consists of several new results which are part of the recent research on these topics Covers Fuzzy Valued sequences, which is an important topic and exhibits the study of sequence spaces in fuzzy settings

The book constitutes a basic, concise, yet rigorous course in complex analysis, for students who have studied calculus in one and several variables, but have not previously been exposed to complex analysis. The textbook should be particularly useful and relevant for undergraduate students in joint programmes with mathematics, as well as engineering students. The aim of the book is to cover the bare bones of the subject with minimal prerequisites. The core content of the book is the three main pillars of complex analysis: the Cauchy-Riemann equations, the Cauchy Integral Theorem, and Taylor and Laurent series expansions.Each section contains several problems, which are not purely drill exercises, but are rather meant to reinforce the fundamental concepts. Detailed solutions to all the exercises appear at the end of the book, making the book ideal also for self-study. There are many figures illustrating the text.

This second edition introduces an additional set of new mathematical problems with their detailed solutions in real analysis. It also provides numerous improved solutions to the existing problems from the previous edition, and includes very useful tips and skills for the readers to master successfully. There are three more chapters that expand further on the topics of Bernoulli numbers, differential equations and metric spaces.Each chapter has a summary of basic points, in which some fundamental definitions and results are prepared. This also contains many brief historical comments for some significant mathematical results in real analysis together with many references.Problems and Solutions in Real Analysis can be treated as a collection of advanced exercises by undergraduate students during or after their courses of calculus and linear algebra. It is also instructive for graduate students who are interested in analytic number theory. Readers will also be able to completely grasp a simple and elementary proof of the Prime Number Theorem through several exercises. This volume is also suitable for non-experts who wish to understand mathematical analysis.

The Center and Focus Problem: Algebraic Solutions and Hypotheses, M. N. Popa and V.V. Pricop, ISBN: 978-1-032-01725-9 (Hardback) This book focuses on an old problem of the qualitative theory of differential equations, called the Center and Focus Problem. It is intended for mathematicians, researchers, professors and Ph.D. students working in the field of differential equations, as well as other specialists who are interested in the theory of Lie algebras, commutative graded algebras, the theory of generating functions and Hilbert series. The book reflects the results obtained by the authors in the last decades. A rather essential result is obtained in solving Poincare's problem. Namely, there are given the upper estimations of the number of Poincare-Lyapunov quantities, which are algebraically independent and participate in solving the Center and Focus Problem that have not been known so far. These estimations are equal to Krull dimensions of Sibirsky graded algebras of comitants and invariants of systems of differential equations.

The Center and Focus Problem: Algebraic Solutions and Hypotheses, M. N. Popa and V.V. Pricop, ISBN: 978-1-032-01725-9 (Hardback) This book focuses on an old problem of the qualitative theory of differential equations, called the Center and Focus Problem. It is intended for mathematicians, researchers, professors and Ph.D. students working in the field of differential equations, as well as other specialists who are interested in the theory of Lie algebras, commutative graded algebras, the theory of generating functions and Hilbert series. The book reflects the results obtained by the authors in the last decades. A rather essential result is obtained in solving Poincare's problem. Namely, there are given the upper estimations of the number of Poincare-Lyapunov quantities, which are algebraically independent and participate in solving the Center and Focus Problem that have not been known so far. These estimations are equal to Krull dimensions of Sibirsky graded algebras of comitants and invariants of systems of differential equations.

This text provides an introduction to basic concepts in differential topology, differential geometry, and differential equations, and some of the main basic theorems in all three areas: for instance, the existence, uniqueness, and smoothness theorems for differential equations and the flow of a vector field; the basic theory of vector bundles including the existence of tubular neighborhoods for a submanifold; the calculus of differential forms; basic notions of symplectic manifolds, including the canonical 2-form; sprays and covariant derivatives for Riemannian and pseudo-Riemannian manifolds; applications to the exponential map, including the Cartan-Hadamard theorem and the first basic theorem of calculus of variations. Although the book grew out of the author's earlier book "Differential and Riemannian Manifolds", the focus has now changed from the general theory of manifolds to general differential geometry, and includes new chapters on Jacobi lifts, tensorial splitting of the double tangent bundle, curvature and the variation formula, a generalization of the Cartan-Hadamard theorem, the semiparallelogram law of Bruhat-Tits and its equivalence with seminegative curvature and the exponential map distance increasing property, a major example of seminegative curvature (the space of positive definite symmetric real matrices), automorphisms and symmetries, and immersions and submersions. These are all covered for infinite-dimensional manifolds, modeled on Banach and Hilbert Spaces, at no cost in complications, and some gain in the elegance of the proofs. In the finite-dimensional case, differential forms of top degree are discussed, leading to Stokes' theorem (even for manifolds with singular boundary), and several of its applications to the differential or Riemannian case. Basic formulas concerning the Laplacian are given, exhibiting several of its features in immersions and submersions.

A novel approach to analytical mechanics, using differential-algebraic equations, which, unlike the usual approach via ordinary differential equations, provides a direct connection to numerical methods and avoids the cumbersome graphical methods that are often needed in analysing systems. Using energy as a unifying concept and systems theory as a unifying theme, the book addresses the foundations of such disciplines as mechatronics, concurrent engineering, and systems integration, considering only discrete systems. Readers are expected to be familiar with the fundamentals of engineering mechanics, but no detailed knowledge of analytical mechanics, system dynamics, or variational calculus is required. The treatment is thus accessible to advanced undergraduates, and the interdisciplinary approach should be of interest not only to academic engineers and physicists, but also to practising engineers and applied mathematicians.

This book provides an introduction to the relatively new discipline of arithmetic dynamics. Whereas classical discrete dynamics is the study of iteration of self-maps of the complex plane or real line, arithmetic dynamics is the study of the number-theoretic properties of rational and algebraic points under repeated application of a polynomial or rational function. A principal theme of arithmetic dynamics is that many of the fundamental problems in the theory of Diophantine equations have dynamical analogs.This graduate-level text provides an entry for students into an active field of research and serves as a standard reference for researchers.

The third edition of this widely popular textbook is authored by a master teacher. This book provides a mathematically rigorous introduction to analysis of real valued functions of one variable. This intuitive, student-friendly text is written in a manner that will help to ease the transition from primarily computational to primarily theoretical mathematics. The material is presented clearly and as intuitive as possible while maintaining mathematical integrity. The author supplies the ideas of the proof and leaves the write-up as an exercise. The text also states why a step in a proof is the reasonable thing to do and which techniques are recurrent. Examples, while no substitute for a proof, are a valuable tool in helping to develop intuition and are an important feature of this text. Examples can also provide a vivid reminder that what one hopes might be true is not always true. Features of the Third Edition: Begins with a discussion of the axioms of the real number system. The limit is introduced via sequences. Examples motivate what is to come, highlight the need for hypothesis in a theorem, and make abstract ideas more concrete. A new section on the Cantor set and the Cantor function. Additional material on connectedness. Exercises range in difficulty from the routine "getting your feet wet" types of problems to the moderately challenging problems. Topology of the real number system is developed to obtain the familiar properties of continuous functions. Some exercises are devoted to the construction of counterexamples. The author presents the material to make the subject understandable and perhaps exciting to those who are beginning their study of abstract mathematics. Table of Contents Preface Introduction The Real Number System Sequences of Real Numbers Topology of the Real Numbers Continuous Functions Differentiation Integration Series of Real Numbers Sequences and Series of Functions Fourier Series Bibliography Hints and Answers to Selected Exercises Index Biography James R. Kirkwood holds a Ph.D. from University of Virginia. He has authored fifteen, published mathematics textbooks on various topics including calculus, real analysis, mathematical biology and mathematical physics. His original research was in mathematical physics, and he co-authored the seminal paper in a topic now called Kirkwood-Thomas Theory in mathematical physics. During the summer, he teaches real analysis to entering graduate students at the University of Virginia. He has been awarded several National Science Foundation grants. His texts, Elementary Linear Algebra, Linear Algebra, and Markov Processes, are also published by CRC Press.

The book constitutes a basic, concise, yet rigorous course in complex analysis, for students who have studied calculus in one and several variables, but have not previously been exposed to complex analysis. The textbook should be particularly useful and relevant for undergraduate students in joint programmes with mathematics, as well as engineering students. The aim of the book is to cover the bare bones of the subject with minimal prerequisites. The core content of the book is the three main pillars of complex analysis: the Cauchy-Riemann equations, the Cauchy Integral Theorem, and Taylor and Laurent series expansions.Each section contains several problems, which are not purely drill exercises, but are rather meant to reinforce the fundamental concepts. Detailed solutions to all the exercises appear at the end of the book, making the book ideal also for self-study. There are many figures illustrating the text.

Features: Suitable for PhD candidates and researchers. Requires prerequisites in set theory, general topology and abstract algebra, but is otherwise self-contained.

Applied Iterative Methods is a self-contained treatise suitable as both a reference and a graduate-level textbook in the area of iterative algorithms. It is the first book to combine subjects such as optimization, convex analysis, and approximation theory and organize them around a detailed and mathematically sound treatment of iterative algorithms. Such algorithms are used in solving problems in a diverse area of applications, most notably in medical imaging such as emission and transmission tomography and magnetic-resonance imaging, as well as in intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Other applications, which lie outside of medicine, are remote sensing and hyperspectral imaging. This book details a great number of different iterative algorithms that are universally applicable.

The two volumes contain 65 chapters, which are based on talks presented by reputable researchers in the field at the Tenth International Conference on Integral Methods in Science and Engineering. The chapters address a wide variety of methodologies, from the construction of boundary integral methods to the application of integration-based analytic and computational techniques in almost all aspects of today's technological world.

Both volumes are useful references for a broad audience of professionals, including pure and applied mathematicians, physicists, biologists, and mechanical, civil, and electrical engineers, as well as graduate students, who use integration as a fundamental technique in their research.

Introductory Analysis: An Inquiry Approach aims to provide a self-contained, inquiry-oriented approach to undergraduate-level real analysis. The presentation of the material in the book is intended to be "inquiry-oriented'" in that as each major topic is discussed, details of the proofs are left to the student in a way that encourages an active approach to learning. The book is "self-contained" in two major ways: it includes scaffolding (i.e., brief guiding prompts marked as Key Steps in the Proof) for many of the theorems. Second, it includes preliminary material that introduces students to the fundamental framework of logical reasoning and proof-writing techniques. Students will be able to use the guiding prompts (and refer to the preliminary work) to develop their proof-writing skills. Features Structured in such a way that approximately one week of class can be devoted to each chapter Suitable as a primary text for undergraduates, or as a supplementary text for some postgraduate courses Strikes a unique balance between enquiry-based learning and more traditional approaches to teaching

Introduction to the Theory of Optimization in Euclidean Space is intended to provide students with a robust introduction to optimization in Euclidean space, demonstrating the theoretical aspects of the subject whilst also providing clear proofs and applications. Students are taken progressively through the development of the proofs, where they have the occasion to practice tools of differentiation (Chain rule, Taylor formula) for functions of several variables in abstract situations. Throughout this book, students will learn the necessity of referring to important results established in advanced Algebra and Analysis courses. Features Rigorous and practical, offering proofs and applications of theorems Suitable as a textbook for advanced undergraduate students on mathematics or economics courses, or as reference for graduate-level readers Introduces complex principles in a clear, illustrative fashion

Differential Equations: Techniques, Theory, and Applications is designed for a modern first course in differential equations either one or two semesters in length. The organization of the book interweaves the three components in the subtitle, with each building on and supporting the others. Techniques include not just computational methods for producing solutions to differential equations, but also qualitative methods for extracting conceptual information about differential equations and the systems modeled by them. Theory is developed as a means of organizing, understanding, and codifying general principles. Applications show the usefulness of the subject as a whole and heighten interest in both solution techniques and theory. Formal proofs are included in cases where they enhance core understanding; otherwise, they are replaced by informal justifications containing key ideas of a proof in a more conversational format. Applications are drawn from a wide variety of fields: those in physical science and engineering are prominent, of course, but models from biology, medicine, ecology, economics, and sports are also featured. The 1,400 exercises are especially compelling. They range from routine calculations to large-scale projects. The more difficult problems, both theoretical and applied, are typically presented in manageable steps. The hundreds of meticulously detailed modeling problems were deliberately designed along pedagogical principles found especially effective in the MAA study Characteristics of Successful Calculus Programs, namely, that asking students to work problems that require them to grapple with concepts (or even proofs) and do modeling activities is key to successful student experiences and retention in STEM programs. The exposition itself is exceptionally readable, rigorous yet conversational. Students will find it inviting and approachable. The text supports many different styles of pedagogy from traditional lecture to a flipped classroom model. The availability of a computer algebra system is not assumed, but there are many opportunities to incorporate the use of one.

Malliavin Calculus in Finance: Theory and Practice aims to introduce the study of stochastic volatility (SV) models via Malliavin Calculus. Malliavin calculus has had a profound impact on stochastic analysis. Originally motivated by the study of the existence of smooth densities of certain random variables, it has proved to be a useful tool in many other problems. In particular, it has found applications in quantitative finance, as in the computation of hedging strategies or the efficient estimation of the Greeks. The objective of this book is to offer a bridge between theory and practice. It shows that Malliavin calculus is an easy-to-apply tool that allows us to recover, unify, and generalize several previous results in the literature on stochastic volatility modeling related to the vanilla, the forward, and the VIX implied volatility surfaces. It can be applied to local, stochastic, and also to rough volatilities (driven by a fractional Brownian motion) leading to simple and explicit results. Features Intermediate-advanced level text on quantitative finance, oriented to practitioners with a basic background in stochastic analysis, which could also be useful for researchers and students in quantitative finance Includes examples on concrete models such as the Heston, the SABR and rough volatilities, as well as several numerical experiments and the corresponding Python scripts Covers applications on vanillas, forward start options, and options on the VIX. The book also has a Github repository with the Python library corresponding to the numerical examples in the text. The library has been implemented so that the users can re-use the numerical code for building their examples. The repository can be accessed here: https://bit.ly/2KNex2Y.

The first part of this book reviews some key topics on multi-variable advanced calculus. The approach presented includes detailed and rigorous studies on surfaces in Rn which comprises items such as differential forms and an abstract version of the Stokes Theorem in Rn. The conclusion section introduces readers to Riemannian geometry, which is used in the subsequent chapters. The second part reviews applications, specifically in variational quantum mechanics and relativity theory. Topics such as a variational formulation for the relativistic Klein-Gordon equation, the derivation of a variational formulation for relativistic mechanics firstly through (semi)-Riemannian geometry are covered. The second part has a more general context. It includes fundamentals of differential geometry. The later chapters describe a new interpretation for the Bohr atomic model through a semi-classical approach. The book concludes with a classical description of the radiating cavity model in quantum mechanics.