Using examples from finance and modern warfare to the flocking of birds and the swarming of bacteria, the collected research in this volume demonstrates the common methodological approaches and tools for modeling and simulating collective behavior.

Thetopics presented point toward new and challenging frontiers of applied mathematics, making the volume a useful referencetext forapplied mathematicians, physicists, biologists, and economists involved in the modeling of socio-economic systems."

The European Conference on Numerical Mathematics and Advanced Applications (ENUMATH), held every 2 years, provides a forum for discussing recent advances in and aspects of numerical mathematics and scientific and industrial applications. The previous ENUMATH meetings took place in Paris (1995), Heidelberg (1997), Jyvaskyla (1999), Ischia (2001), Prague (2003), Santiago de Compostela (2005), Graz (2007), Uppsala (2009), Leicester (2011) and Lausanne (2013). This book presents a selection of invited and contributed lectures from the ENUMATH 2015 conference, which was organised by the Institute of Applied Mathematics (IAM), Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, from September 14 to 18, 2015. It offers an overview of central recent developments in numerical analysis, computational mathematics, and applications in the form of contributions by leading experts in the field.

Karl Menger, one of the founders of dimension theory, belongs to the most original mathematicians and thinkers of the twentieth century. He was a member of the Vienna Circle and the founder of its mathematical equivalent, the Viennese Mathematical Colloquium. Both during his early years in Vienna and, after his emigration, in the United States, Karl Menger made significant contributions to a wide variety of mathematical fields, and greatly influenced some of his colleagues. The Selecta Mathematica contain Menger's major mathematical papers, based on his own selection from his extensive writings. They deal with topics as diverse as topology, geometry, analysis and algebra, as well as writings on economics, sociology, logic, philosophy and mathematical results. The two volumes are a monument to the diversity and originality of Menger's ideas.

This book has been written in a frankly partisian spirit-we believe that singularity theory offers an extremely useful approach to bifurcation prob lems and we hope to convert the reader to this view. In this preface we will discuss what we feel are the strengths of the singularity theory approach. This discussion then Ieads naturally into a discussion of the contents of the book and the prerequisites for reading it. Let us emphasize that our principal contribution in this area has been to apply pre-existing techniques from singularity theory, especially unfolding theory and classification theory, to bifurcation problems. Many ofthe ideas in this part of singularity theory were originally proposed by Rene Thom; the subject was then developed rigorously by John Matherand extended by V. I. Arnold. In applying this material to bifurcation problems, we were greatly encouraged by how weil the mathematical ideas of singularity theory meshed with the questions addressed by bifurcation theory. Concerning our title, Singularities and Groups in Bifurcation Theory, it should be mentioned that the present text is the first volume in a two-volume sequence. In this volume our emphasis is on singularity theory, with group theory playing a subordinate role. In Volume II the emphasis will be more balanced. Having made these remarks, Iet us set the context for the discussion of the strengths of the singularity theory approach to bifurcation. As we use the term, bifurcation theory is the study of equations with multiple solutions."

Intended as an undergraduate text on real analysis, this book includes all the standard material such as sequences, infinite series, continuity, differentiation, and integration, together with worked examples and exercises. By unifying and simplifying all the various notions of limit, the author has successfully presented a novel approach to the subject matter, which has not previously appeared in book form. The author defines the term limit once only, and all of the subsequent limiting processes are seen to be special cases of this one definition. Accordingly, the subject matter attains a unity and coherence that is not to be found in the traditional approach. Students will be able to fully appreciate and understand the common source of the topics they are studying while also realising that they are "variations on a theme", rather than essentially different topics, and therefore, will gain a better understanding of the subject.

This volume collects the edited and reviewed contributions presented in the 6th iTi Conference in Bertinoro, covering fundamental and applied aspects in turbulence. In the spirit of the iTi conference, the volume has been produced after the conference so that the authors had the possibility to incorporate comments and discussions raised during the meeting. In the present book the contributions have been structured according to the topics : I Theory II Wall bounded flows III Particles in flows IV Free flows V Complex flows The volume is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Konrad Bajer who prematurely passed away in Warsaw on August 29, 2014.

The aim of the Expositions is to present new and important developments in pure and applied mathematics. Well established in the community over more than two decades, the series offers a large library of mathematical works, including several important classics. The volumes supply thorough and detailed expositions of the methods and ideas essential to the topics in question. In addition, they convey their relationships to other parts of mathematics. The series is addressed to advanced readers interested in a thorough study of the subject. Editorial Board Lev Birbrair, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brasil Walter D. Neumann, Columbia University, New York, USA Markus J. Pflaum, University of Colorado, Boulder, USA Dierk Schleicher, Jacobs University, Bremen, Germany Katrin Wendland, University of Freiburg, Germany Honorary Editor Victor P. Maslov, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia Titles in planning include Yuri A. Bahturin, Identical Relations in Lie Algebras (2019) Yakov G. Berkovich, Lev G. Kazarin, and Emmanuel M. Zhmud', Characters of Finite Groups, Volume 2 (2019) Jorge Herbert Soares de Lira, Variational Problems for Hypersurfaces in Riemannian Manifolds (2019) Volker Mayer, Mariusz Urbanski, and Anna Zdunik, Random and Conformal Dynamical Systems (2021) Ioannis Diamantis, Bostjan Gabrovsek, Sofia Lambropoulou, and Maciej Mroczkowski, Knot Theory of Lens Spaces (2021)

This text contains a series of self-contained reviews on the state of the art in different areas of partial differential equations, presented by French mathematicians. Topics include qualitative properties of reaction-diffusion equations, multiscale methods coupling atomistic and continuum mechanics, adaptive semi-Lagrangian schemes for the Vlasov-Poisson equation, and coupling of scalar conservation laws.

In the theory of random processes the term 'ergodicity' has a wide variety of meanings. In the theory of stationary processes ergodicity is often identified with metric transitivity. In the theory of Markov processes, the word ergodic is applied to theorems of both the existence of transition probability limits and on the convergence of mean value ratios of these transition probabilities. In addition, there are also 'ergodic theorems' on the convergence of distributions of shifted random processes. In this monograph, the term 'ergodic' is understood in its original sense, i.e. the one it had when it was first adopted by the theory of random processes from statistical mechanics and Boltzmann's theory of gases. In this book, an ergodic theorem refers to any statement about the existence of a mean value with respect to trajectories of a random process taken with respect to time. The author takes the view that problems of the existence of time means, and their equality to phase means, are interesting without any assumptions about the distribution of the random process.

The series is aimed specifically at publishing peer reviewed reviews and contributions presented at workshops and conferences. Each volume is associated with a particular conference, symposium or workshop. These events cover various topics within pure and applied mathematics and provide up-to-date coverage of new developments, methods and applications.

Statistical inferential methods are widely used in the study of various physical, biological, social, and other phenomena. Parametric estimation is one such method. Although there are many books which consider problems of statistical point estimation, this volume is the first to be devoted solely to the problem of unbiased estimation. It contains three chapters dealing, respectively, with the theory of point statistical estimation, techniques for constructing unbiased estimators, and applications of unbiased estimation theory. These chapters are followed by a comprehensive appendix which classifies and lists, in the form of tables, all known results relating to unbiased estimators of parameters for univariate distributions. About one thousand minimum variance unbiased estimators are listed. The volume also contains numerous examples and exercises. This volume will serve as a handbook on point unbiased estimation for researchers whose work involves statistics. It can also be recommended as a supplementary text for graduate students.

Clifford Algebras continues to be a fast-growing discipline, with ever-increasing applications in many scientific fields. This volume contains the lectures given at the Fourth Conference on Clifford Algebras and their Applications in Mathematical Physics, held at RWTH Aachen in May 1996. The papers represent an excellent survey of the newest developments around Clifford Analysis and its applications to theoretical physics. Audience: This book should appeal to physicists and mathematicians working in areas involving functions of complex variables, associative rings and algebras, integral transforms, operational calculus, partial differential equations, and the mathematics of physics.

This Sixth Edition of Calculus continues the effort to promote courses in which understanding and computation reinforce each other. Calculus: Multivariable 6th Edition reflects the many voices of users at research universities, four-year colleges, community colleges, and secondary schools. This new edition has been streamlined to create a flexible approach to both theory and modeling. For instructors wishing to emphasize the connection between calculus and other fields, the text includes a variety of problems and examples from the physical, health, and biological sciences, engineering and economics. In addition, new problems on the mathematics of sustainability and new case studies on calculus in medicine by David E. Sloane, MD have been added.

Key topics in the theory of real analytic functions are covered in this text,and are rather difficult to pry out of the mathematics literature.; This expanded and updated 2nd ed. will be published out of Boston in Birkhauser Adavaned Texts series.; Many historical remarks, examples, references and an excellent index should encourage the reader study this valuable and exciting theory.; Superior advanced textbook or monograph for a graduate course or seminars on real analytic functions.; New to the second edition a revised and comprehensive treatment of the Faa de Bruno formula, topologies on the space of real analytic functions,; alternative characterizations of real analytic functions, surjectivity of partial differential operators, And the Weierstrass preparation theorem.

The papers collected in this volume are contributions to the 33rd session of the Seminaire de Mathematiques Superieures (SMS) on "Topological Methods in Differential Equations and Inclusions." This session of the SMS took place at the Universite de Montreal in July 1994 and was a NATO Advanced Study Institute (ASI). The aim of the ASI was to bring together a considerable group of young researchers from various parts of the world and to present to them coherent surveys of some of the most recent advances in this area of Nonlinear Analysis. During the meeting 89 mathematicians from 20 countries have had the opportunity to get acquainted with various aspects of the subjects treated in the lectures as well as the chance to exchange ideas and learn about new problems arising in the field. The main topics teated in this ASI were the following: Fixed point theory for single- and multi-valued mappings including topological degree and its generalizations, and topological transversality theory; existence and multiplicity results for ordinary differential equations and inclusions; bifurcation and stability problems; ordinary differential equations in Banach spaces; second order differential equations on manifolds; the topological structure of the solution set of differential inclusions; effects of delay perturbations on dynamics of retarded delay differential equations; dynamics of reaction diffusion equations; non smooth critical point theory and applications to boundary value problems for quasilinear elliptic equations.

This completely revised and updated edition of the one variable part of the author's classic older book "Iteration Theory of Holomorphic Maps on Taut Manifolds" presents the theory of holomorphic dynamical systems on hyperbolic Riemann surfaces from the very beginning of the subject up to the most recent developments. It is intended both as a reference book for the experts and as an accessible gateway to this beautiful theory for Master and Ph.D. students. It also contains extensive historical notes and references for further readings.

The history of martingale theory goes back to the early fifties when Doob [57] pointed out the connection between martingales and analytic functions. On the basis of Burkholder's scientific achievements the mar tingale theory can perfectly well be applied in complex analysis and in the theory of classical Hardy spaces. This connection is the main point of Durrett's book [60]. The martingale theory can also be well applied in stochastics and mathematical finance. The theories of the one-parameter martingale and the classical Hardy spaces are discussed exhaustively in the literature (see Garsia [83], Neveu [138], Dellacherie and Meyer [54, 55], Long [124], Weisz [216] and Duren [59], Stein [193, 194], Stein and Weiss [192], Lu [125], Uchiyama [205]). The theory of more-parameter martingales and martingale Hardy spaces is investigated in Imkeller [107] and Weisz [216]. This is the first mono graph which considers the theory of more-parameter classical Hardy spaces. The methods of proofs for one and several parameters are en tirely different; in most cases the theorems stated for several parameters are much more difficult to verify. The so-called atomic decomposition method that can be applied both in the one-and more-parameter cases, was considered for martingales by the author in [216].

The twentieth-century view of the analysis of functions is dominated by the study of classes of functions. This volume of the Encyclopaedia covers the origins, development and applications of linear functional analysis, explaining along the way how one is led naturally to the modern approach.

This book introduces readers to the basic concepts of and latest findings in the area of differential equations with uncertain factors. It covers the analytic method and numerical method for solving uncertain differential equations, as well as their applications in the field of finance. Furthermore, the book provides a number of new potential research directions for uncertain differential equation. It will be of interest to researchers, engineers and students in the fields of mathematics, information science, operations research, industrial engineering, computer science, artificial intelligence, automation, economics, and management science.

In April of 1996 an array of mathematicians converged on Cambridge, Massachusetts, for the Rotafest and Umbral Calculus Workshop, two con ferences celebrating Gian-Carlo Rota's 64th birthday. It seemed appropriate when feting one of the world's great combinatorialists to have the anniversary be a power of 2 rather than the more mundane 65. The over seventy-five par ticipants included Rota's doctoral students, coauthors, and other colleagues from more than a dozen countries. As a further testament to the breadth and depth of his influence, the lectures ranged over a wide variety of topics from invariant theory to algebraic topology. This volume is a collection of articles written in Rota's honor. Some of them were presented at the Rotafest and Umbral Workshop while others were written especially for this Festschrift. We will say a little about each paper and point out how they are connected with the mathematical contributions of Rota himself."

This book describes the inferential and modeling advantages that this distribution, together with its generalizations and modifications, offers. The exposition systematically unfolds with many examples, tables, illustrations, and exercises. A comprehensive index and extensive bibliography also make this book an ideal text for a senior undergraduate and graduate seminar on statistical distributions, or for a short half-term academic course in statistics, applied probability, and finance.

This is the first thorough examination of weakly nonlocal solitary waves, which are just as important in applications as their classical counterparts. The book describes a class of waves that radiate away from the core of the disturbance but are nevertheless very long-lived nonlinear disturbances.

The 1985 Castel vecchio-Pas coli NATO Advanced Study Institute is aimed to complete the trilogy with the two former institutes I organized: "Boundary Value Problem for Evolution Partial Differential Operators," Liege, 1976 and "Singularities in Boundary Value Problems," Maratea, 1980. It was indeed necessary to record the considerable progress realized in the field of the propagation of singularities of Schwartz Distri butions which led recently to the birth of a new branch of Mathema tical Analysis called Microlocal Analysis. Most of this theory was mainly built to be applied to distribution solutions of linear partial differential problems. A large part of this institute still went in this direction. But, on the other hand, it was also time to explore the new trend to use microlocal analysis In non linear differential problems. I hope that the Castelvecchio NATO ASI reached its purposes with the help of the more famous authorities in the field. The meeting was held in Tuscany (Italy) at Castelvecchio-Pascoli, little village in the mountains north of Lucca on September 2-12, 1985. It was hosted by "11 Ciocco" an international vacation Center, In a comfortable hotel located in magnificent mountain surroundings and provided with all conference and sport facilities."

Elliptic boundary problems have enjoyed interest recently, espe cially among C* -algebraists and mathematical physicists who want to understand single aspects of the theory, such as the behaviour of Dirac operators and their solution spaces in the case of a non-trivial boundary. However, the theory of elliptic boundary problems by far has not achieved the same status as the theory of elliptic operators on closed (compact, without boundary) manifolds. The latter is nowadays rec ognized by many as a mathematical work of art and a very useful technical tool with applications to a multitude of mathematical con texts. Therefore, the theory of elliptic operators on closed manifolds is well-known not only to a small group of specialists in partial dif ferential equations, but also to a broad range of researchers who have specialized in other mathematical topics. Why is the theory of elliptic boundary problems, compared to that on closed manifolds, still lagging behind in popularity? Admittedly, from an analytical point of view, it is a jigsaw puzzle which has more pieces than does the elliptic theory on closed manifolds. But that is not the only reason."

This book presents an introduction to the geometric theory of infinite dimensional dynamical systems. Many of the fundamental results are presented for asymptotically smooth dynamical systems that have applications to functional differential equations as well as classes of dissipative partial differential equations. However, as in the earlier edition, the major emphasis is on retarded functional differential equations. This updated version also contains much material on neutral functional differential equations. The results in the earlier edition on Morse-Smale systems for maps are extended to a class of semiflows, which include retarded functional differential equations and parabolic partial differential equations.