It is not the object of the author to present comprehensive cov erage of any particular integral transformation or of any particular development of generalized functions, for there are books available in which this is done. Rather, this consists more of an introductory survey in which various ideas are explored. The Laplace transforma tion is taken as the model type of an integral transformation and a number of its properties are developed; later, the Fourier transfor mation is introduced. The operational calculus of Mikusinski is pre sented as a method of introducing generalized functions associated with the Laplace transformation. The construction is analogous to the construction of the rational numbers from the integers. Further on, generalized functions associated with the problem of extension of the Fourier transformation are introduced. This construction is anal ogous to the construction of the reals from the rationals by means of Cauchy sequences. A chapter with sections on a variety of trans formations is adjoined. Necessary levels of sophistication start low in the first chapter, but they grow considerably in some sections of later chapters. Background needs are stated at the beginnings of each chapter. Many theorems are given without proofs, which seems appro priate for the goals in mind. A selection of references is included. Without showing many of the details of rigor it is hoped that a strong indication is given that a firm mathematical foundation does actu ally exist for such entities as the "Dirac delta-function.""

"...A nice feature of the book [is] that at various points the authors provide examples, or rather counterexamples, that clearly show what can go wrong...This is a nicely-written book [that] studies algebraic differential modules in several variables." --Mathematical Reviews

Approach your problems from the right end It isn't that they can't see the solution. It is and begin with the answers. Then one day, that they can't see the problem. perhaps you will find the final question. G. K. Chesterton. The Scandal of Father 'The Hermit Clad in Crane Feathers' in R. Brown 'The point of a Pin'. van Gulik's The Chinese Maze Murders. Growing specialization and diversification have brought a host of monographs and textbooks on increasingly specialized topics. However, the "tree" of knowledge of mathematics and related fields does not grow only by putting forth new branches. It also happens, quite often in fact, that branches which were thought to be completely disparate are suddenly seen to be related. Further, the kind and level of sophistication of mathematics applied in various sciences has changed drastically in recent years: measure theory is used (non-trivially) in regional and theoretical economics; algebraic geometry interacts with physics; the Minkowsky lemma, coding theory and the structure of water meet one another in packing and covering theory; quantum fields, crystal defects and mathematical programming profit from homotopy theory; Lie algebras are relevant to filtering; and prediction and electrical engineering can use Stein spaces. And in addition to this there are such new emerging subdisciplines as "experimental mathematics," "CFD," "completely integrable systems," "chaos, synergetics and large-scale order," which are almost impossible to fit into the existing classification schemes. They draw upon widely different sections of mathematics.

The book addresses many topics not usually in "second course in complex analysis" texts. It also contains multiple proofs of several central results, and it has a minor historical perspective.
- Proof of Bieberbach conjecture (after DeBranges)
- Material on asymptotic values
- Material on Natural Boundaries
- First four chapters are comprehensive introduction to entire and metomorphic functions
- First chapter (Riemann Mapping Theorem) takes up where "first courses" usually leave off

This book deals with elliptic differential equations, providing the analytic background necessary for the treatment of associated spectral questions, and covering important topics previously scattered throughout the literature. Starting with the basics of elliptic operators and their naturally associated function spaces, the authors then proceed to cover various related topics of current and continuing importance. Particular attention is given to the characterisation of self-adjoint extensions of symmetric operators acting in a Hilbert space and, for elliptic operators, the realisation of such extensions in terms of boundary conditions. A good deal of material not previously available in book form, such as the treatment of the Schauder estimates, is included. Requiring only basic knowledge of measure theory and functional analysis, the book is accessible to graduate students and will be of interest to all researchers in partial differential equations. The reader will value its self-contained, thorough and unified presentation of the modern theory of elliptic operators.

This is a serious - but not solemn - textbook that attempts to make a clear, conceptual understanding of calculus accessible to all liberal arts students. It presents mathematics as growing out of the classical liberal arts to form a natural bridge between the humanities and the sciences, integrating the history and pedagogy of mathematics in a way that may be of interest to prospective teachers as well. Instead of a pre-calculus review, this book offers an historical development of much of the geometry and algebra needed, emphasizing the fundamental need for students to develop a clear style of writing. Calculus is here largely restricted to the study of algebraic functions, but all the usual aspects of the interplay between functions and derivatives are covered: optimization, instantaneous rates, Newton's method, freely falling bodies, antiderivatives, integrals, areas, volumes, etc. The fundamental theorem is prominently featured and carefully treated. A brief final chapter about the intellectual climate surrounding the development of calculus offers students further insight into the place of mathematics as an element in the history of thought.

This book deals with the reliable verification of the accuracy of approximate solutions which is one of the central problems in modern applied analysis.After giving an overview of the methods developed for models based on partial differential equations, the author derives computable a posteriori error estimates by using methods of the theory of partial differential equations and functional analysis. These estimates are applicable to approximate solutions computed by various methods.

This book gives a comprehensive picture of the present stage of development of spectral analysis and filter theory in geophysics. The principles and theories behind classical and modern methods are described and the effectiveness of these methods is assessed; selected examples of their practical application in geophysics are discussed. The modern methods include, for example, spectral analysis by fitting random models to the data, the maximum-entropy and maximum-likelihood spectral analysis procedures, the Wiener and Kalman filters, homomorphic deconvolution, and adaptive procedures for non-stationary processes. This book represents a valuable aid in education and research and for solving practical problems in geophysics and related disciplines.

Another Calculus book? As long as students find calculus scary, the failure rate in mathematics is higher than in all other subjects, and as long as most people mistakenly believe that only geniuses can learn and understand mathematics, there will always be room for a new book of Calculus. We call it Calculus Light.

This book is designed for a one semester course in "light" calculus - mostly single variable, meant to be used by undergraduate students without a wide mathematical background and who do not major in mathematics but study subjects such as engineering, biology or management information systems.

The first chapter contains a historical background of calculus. Every scientific achievement involves people and therefore characterized by victories and disappointments, intrigues and hope. All of these elements exist in the story behind calculus and when you add the time dimension, starting 2400 years ago, it is a saga. We hope the reader enjoys reading this chapter as much as we enjoyed the writing.

In addition to classic calculus the book provides tools for practical applications such as Fourier series, Lagrange multipliers and elementary numerical methods.

In recent years, the study of difference equations has acquired a new significance, due in large part to their use in the formulation and analysis of discrete-time systems, the numerical integration of differential equations by finite-difference schemes, and the study of deterministic chaos. The second edition of Difference Equations: Theory and Applications provides a thorough listing of all major theorems along with proofs. The text treats the case of first-order difference equations in detail, using both analytical and geometrical methods. Both ordinary and partial difference equations are considered, along with a variety of special nonlinear forms for which exact solutions can be determined. Numerous worked examples and problems allow readers to fully understand the material in the text. They also give possible generalization of the theorems and application models. The text's expanded coverage of application helps readers appreciate the benefits of using difference equations in the modeling and analysis of "realistic" problems from a broad range of fields. The second edition presents, analyzes, and discusses a large number of applications from the mathematical, biological, physical, and social sciences. Discussions on perturbation methods and difference equation models of differential equation models of differential equations represent contributions by the author to the research literature. Reference to original literature show how the elementary models of the book can be extended to more realistic situations. Difference Equations, Second Edition gives readers a background in discrete mathematics that many workers in science-oriented industries need as part of their general scientific knowledge. With its minimal mathematical background requirements of general algebra and calculus, this unique volume will be used extensively by students and professional in science and technology, in areas such as applied mathematics, control theory, population science, economics, and electronic circuits, especially discrete signal processing.

Many important phenomena are described and modeled by means of differential and integral equations. To understand these phenomena necessarily implies being able to solve the differential and integral equations that model them. Such equations, and the development of techniques for solving them, have always held a privileged place in the mathematical sciences. Today, theoretical advances have led to more abstract and comprehensive theories which are increasingly more complex in their mathematical concepts. Theoretical investigations along these lines have led to even more abstract and comprehensive theories, and to increasingly complex mathematical concepts. Long-standing teaching practice has, however, shown that the theory of differential and integral equations cannot be studied thoroughly and understood by mere contemplation. This can only be achieved by acquiring the necessary techniques; and the best way to achieve this is by working through as many different exercises as possible. The eight chapters of this book contain a large number of problems and exercises, selected on the basis of long experience in teaching students, which together with the author's original problems cover the whole range of current methods employed in solving the integral, differential equations, and the partial differential equations of order one, without, however, renouncing the classical problems. Every chapter of this book begins with the succinct theoretical exposition of the minimum of knowledge required to solve the problems and exercises therein.

The last fifty years have witnessed several monographs and hundreds of research articles on the theory, constructive methods and wide spectrum of applications of boundary value problems for ordinary differential equations. In this vast field of research, the conjugate (Hermite) and the right focal point (Abei) types of problems have received the maximum attention. This is largely due to the fact that these types of problems are basic, in the sense that the methods employed in their study are easily extendable to other types of prob lems. Moreover, the conjugate and the right focal point types of boundary value problems occur frequently in real world problems. In the monograph Boundary Value Problems for Higher Order Differential Equations published in 1986, we addressed the theory of conjugate boundary value problems. At that time the results on right focal point problems were scarce; however, in the last ten years extensive research has been done. In Chapter 1 of the mono graph we offer up-to-date information of this newly developed theory of right focal point boundary value problems. Until twenty years ago Difference Equations were considered as the dis cretizations of the differential equations. Further, it was tacitly taken for granted that the theories of difference and differential equations are parallel. However, striking diversities and wide applications reported in the last two decades have made difference equations one of the major areas of research."

This textbook is a comprehensive introduction to computational mathematics and scientific computing suitable for undergraduate and postgraduate courses. It presents both practical and theoretical aspects of the subject, as well as advantages and pitfalls of classical numerical methods alongside with computer code and experiments in Python. Each chapter closes with modern applications in physics, engineering, and computer science. No previous experience in Python is required Simplified computer code for fast-paced learning and transferable skills development Includes practical problems ideal for project assignments and distance learning Presents both intuitive and rigorous faces of modern scientific computing Provides an introduction to neural networks and machine learning

Complex Function Theory is a concise and rigorous introduction to the theory of functions of a complex variable. Written in a classical style, it is in the spirit of the books by Ahlfors and by Saks and Zygmund. Being designed for a one-semester course, it is much shorter than many of the standard texts. Sarason covers the basic material through Cauchy's theorem and applications, plus the Riemann mapping theorem. It is suitable for either an introductory graduate course or an undergraduate course for students with adequate preparation. The first edition was published with the title Notes on Complex Function Theory.

2 The authors of these issues involve not only mathematicians, but also speci alists in (mathematical) physics and computer sciences. So here the reader will find different points of view and approaches to the considered field. A. M. VINOGRADOV 3 Acta Applicandae Mathematicae 15: 3-21, 1989. (c) 1989 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Symmetries and Conservation Laws of Partial Differential Equations: Basic Notions and Results A. M. VINOORADOV Department of Mathematics, Moscow State University, 117234, Moscow, U. S. S. R. (Received: 22 August 1988) Abstract. The main notions and results which are necessary for finding higher symmetries and conservation laws for general systems of partial differential equations are given. These constitute the starting point for the subsequent papers of this volume. Some problems are also discussed. AMS subject classifications (1980). 35A30, 58005, 58035, 58H05. Key words. Higher symmetries, conservation laws, partial differential equations, infinitely prolonged equations, generating functions. o. Introduction In this paper we present the basic notions and results from the general theory of local symmetries and conservation laws of partial differential equations. More exactly, we will focus our attention on the main conceptual points as well as on the problem of how to find all higher symmetries and conservation laws for a given system of partial differential equations. Also, some general views and perspectives will be discussed."

This book treats Modelling of CFD problems, Numerical tools for PDE, and Scientific Computing and Systems of ODE for Epidemiology, topics that are closely related to the scientific activities and interests of Prof. William Fitzgibbon, Prof. Yuri Kuznetsov, and Prof. O. Pironneau, whose outstanding achievements are recognised in this volume. It contains 20 contributions from leading scientists in applied mathematics dealing with partial differential equations and their applications to engineering, ab-initio chemistry and life sciences. It includes the mathematical and numerical contributions to PDE for applications presented at the ECCOMAS thematic conference "Contributions to PDE for Applications" held at Laboratoire Jacques Louis Lions in Paris, France, August 31- September 1, 2015, and at the Department of Mathematics, University of Houston, Texas, USA, February 26-27, 2016. This event brought together specialists from universities and research institutions who are developing or applying numerical PDE or ODE methods with an emphasis on industrial and societal applications. This volume is of interest to researchers and practitioners as well as advanced students or engineers in applied and computational mathematics. All contributions are written at an advanced scientific level with no effort made by the editors to make this volume self-contained. It is assumed that the reader is a specialist already who knows the basis of this field of research and has the capability of understanding and appreciating the latest developments in this field.

Over the course of the last century, the systematic exploration of the relationship between Fourier analysis and other branches of mathematics has lead to important advances in geometry, number theory, and analysis, stimulated in part by Hurwitzs proof of the isoperimetric inequality using Fourier series. This unified, self-contained volume is dedicated to Fourier analysis, convex geometry, and related topics. Specific topics covered include: the geometric properties of convex bodies the study of Radon transforms the geometry of numbers the study of translational tilings using Fourier analysis irregularities in distributions Lattice point problems examined in the context of number theory, probability theory, and Fourier analysis restriction problems for the Fourier transform The book presents both a broad overview of Fourier analysis and convexity as well as an intricate look at applications in some specific settings; it will be useful to graduate students and researchers in harmonic analysis, convex geometry, functional analysis, number theory, computer science, and combinatorial analysis. A wide audience will benefit from the careful demonstration of how Fourier analysis is used

The main goal of the book is to provide a comprehensive and self-contained proof of the, relatively recent, theorem of characterization of the strong maximum principle due to Molina-Meyer and the author, published in Diff. Int. Eqns. in 1994, which was later refined by Amann and the author in a paper published in J. of Diff. Eqns. in 1998. Besides this characterization has been shown to be a pivotal result for the development of the modern theory of spatially heterogeneous nonlinear elliptic and parabolic problems; it has allowed us to update the classical theory on the maximum and minimum principles by providing with some extremely sharp refinements of the classical results of Hopf and Protter-Weinberger. By a celebrated result of Berestycki, Nirenberg and Varadhan, Comm. Pure Appl. Maths. in 1994, the characterization theorem is partially true under no regularity constraints on the support domain for Dirichlet boundary conditions.Instead of encyclopedic generality, this book pays special attention to completeness, clarity and transparency of its exposition so that it can be taught even at an advanced undergraduate level. Adopting this perspective, it is a textbook; however, it is simultaneously a research monograph about the maximum principle, as it brings together for the first time in the form of a book, the most paradigmatic classical results together with a series of recent fundamental results scattered in a number of independent papers by the author of this book and his collaborators.Chapters 3, 4, and 5 can be delivered as a classical undergraduate, or graduate, course in Hilbert space techniques for linear second order elliptic operators, and Chaps. 1 and 2 complete the classical results on the minimum principle covered by the paradigmatic textbook of Protter and Weinberger by incorporating some recent classification theorems of supersolutions by Walter, 1989, and the author, 2003. Consequently, these five chapters can be taught at an undergraduate, or graduate, level. Chapters 6 and 7 study the celebrated theorem of Krein-Rutman and infer from it the characterizations of the strong maximum principle of Molina-Meyer and Amann, in collaboration with the author, which have been incorporated to a textbook by the first time here, as well as the results of Chaps. 8 and 9, polishing some recent joint work of Cano-Casanova with the author. Consequently, the second half of the book consists of a more specialized monograph on the maximum principle and the underlying principal eigenvalues.

The series is devoted to the publication of monographs and high-level textbooks in mathematics, mathematical methods and their applications. Apart from covering important areas of current interest, a major aim is to make topics of an interdisciplinary nature accessible to the non-specialist. The works in this series are addressed to advanced students and researchers in mathematics and theoretical physics. In addition, it can serve as a guide for lectures and seminars on a graduate level. The series de Gruyter Studies in Mathematics was founded ca. 35 years ago by the late Professor Heinz Bauer and Professor Peter Gabriel with the aim to establish a series of monographs and textbooks of high standard, written by scholars with an international reputation presenting current fields of research in pure and applied mathematics. While the editorial board of the Studies has changed with the years, the aspirations of the Studies are unchanged. In times of rapid growth of mathematical knowledge carefully written monographs and textbooks written by experts are needed more than ever, not least to pave the way for the next generation of mathematicians. In this sense the editorial board and the publisher of the Studies are devoted to continue the Studies as a service to the mathematical community. Please submit any book proposals to Niels Jacob. Titles in planning include Flavia Smarazzo and Alberto Tesei, Measure Theory: Radon Measures, Young Measures, and Applications to Parabolic Problems (2019) Elena Cordero and Luigi Rodino, Time-Frequency Analysis of Operators (2019) Mark M. Meerschaert, Alla Sikorskii, and Mohsen Zayernouri, Stochastic and Computational Models for Fractional Calculus, second edition (2020) Mariusz Lemanczyk, Ergodic Theory: Spectral Theory, Joinings, and Their Applications (2020) Marco Abate, Holomorphic Dynamics on Hyperbolic Complex Manifolds (2021) Miroslava Antic, Joeri Van der Veken, and Luc Vrancken, Differential Geometry of Submanifolds: Submanifolds of Almost Complex Spaces and Almost Product Spaces (2021) Kai Liu, Ilpo Laine, and Lianzhong Yang, Complex Differential-Difference Equations (2021) Rajendra Vasant Gurjar, Kayo Masuda, and Masayoshi Miyanishi, Affine Space Fibrations (2022)

'Et moi, ... si j'avait su comment en revenir, One service mathematics has rendered the je n'y serais point allC: .' human. race. It has put common sense back Jules Verne where it belongs, on the topmost shelf next to the dusty canister labelled 'discarded non- The series is divergent; therefore we may be sense'. able to do something with it. Eric T. Bell O. Heaviside Mathematics is a tool for thought. A highly necessary tool in a world where both feedback and non linearities abound. Similarly, all kinds of parts of mathematics serve as tools for other parts and for other sciences. Applying a simple rewriting rule to the quote on the right above one finds such statements as: 'One service topology has rendered mathematical physics .. .'; 'One service logic has rendered com puter science .. .'; 'One service category theory has rendered mathematics .. .'. All arguably true. And all statements obtainable this way form part of the raison d'ttre of this series."

Many problems in science, technology and engineering are posed in the form of operator equations of the first kind, with the operator and RHS approximately known. But such problems often turn out to be ill-posed, having no solution, or a non-unique solution, and/or an unstable solution. Non-existence and non-uniqueness can usually be overcome by settling for generalised' solutions, leading to the need to develop regularising algorithms. The theory of ill-posed problems has advanced greatly since A. N. Tikhonov laid its foundations, the Russian original of this book (1990) rapidly becoming a classical monograph on the topic. The present edition has been completely updated to consider linear ill-posed problems with or without a priori constraints (non-negativity, monotonicity, convexity, etc.). Besides the theoretical material, the book also contains a FORTRAN program library. Audience: Postgraduate students of physics, mathematics, chemistry, economics, engineering. Engineers and scientists interested in data processing and the theory of ill-posed problems.

The book collects the most relevant outcomes from the INdAM Workshop "Geometric Function Theory in Higher Dimension" held in Cortona on September 5-9, 2016. The Workshop was mainly devoted to discussions of basic open problems in the area, and this volume follows the same line. In particular, it offers a selection of original contributions on Loewner theory in one and higher dimensions, semigroups theory, iteration theory and related topics. Written by experts in geometric function theory in one and several complex variables, it focuses on new research frontiers in this area and on challenging open problems. The book is intended for graduate students and researchers working in complex analysis, several complex variables and geometric function theory.

Cardiovascular diseases have a major impact in Western countries. Mathematical models and numerical simulations can aid the understanding of physiological and pathological processes, complementing the information provided to medical doctors by medical imaging and other non-invasive means, and opening the possibility of a better diagnosis and more in-depth surgical planning.This book offers a mathematically sound and up-to-date foundation to the training of researchers, and serves as a useful reference for the development of mathematical models and numerical simulation codes. It is structured into different chapters, written by recognized experts in the field, but it features a common thread with consistency of notation and expressions and systematic cross-referencing. Many fundamental issues are faced, such as: the mathematical representation of vascular geometries extracted from medical images, modelling blood rheology and the complex multilayer structure of the vascular tissue, and its possible pathologies, the mechanical and chemical interaction between blood and vascular walls; the different scales coupling local and systemic dynamics. All these topics introduce challenging mathematical and numerical problems, demanding for advanced analysis and simulation techniques. This book is addressed to graduate students and researchers in the field of bioengineering, applied mathematics and medicine, wishing to engage themselves in the fascinating task of modeling how the cardiovascular system works.