This work provides guidance for special and mainstream schools in the assessment of pupils' learning from level P1 up to and including National Curriculum level 1A. It contains exemplification of the descriptions of attainment for reading, writing and the three strands of maths identified in "Planning, Teaching and Assessing the Currriculum for Pupils with Learning Difficulties" produced by the QCA.;The book: provides clarification of the performance criteria, through illustrative examples; supports accurate and consistent teacher assessment of pupils working at these levels; enables effective monitoring of attainment and progression, which will support the target setting process; demonstrates how assessments can be used to inform next steps in learning; includes examples from special and mainstream schools on reading, writing and mathematics; and contains photocopiable proformas.

Contributors to the volume represent an international "who's who" of research scientists from the fields of psychology and measurement. It offers the insights of these leading authorities regarding cognition and personality. In particular, they address the roles of constructs and values in clarifying the theoretical and empirical work in these fields, as well as their relation to educational assessment. It is intended for professionals and students in psychology and assessment, and almost anyone doing research in cognition and personality.

This volume brings together leading researchers in a major new effort to bridge the historical gap between the domains of ability and personality. The result is a remarkable collection of chapters analyzing critical issues at the interface--style, structure, process, and context. Contributors address:
* intelligence and its relation to temperament and character-hierarchical models of cognition and personality; judgmental data in personality research; and structural issues in ability and personality;
* intelligence and conation-goal theories; the role of conation in the learning environment; motivation and arousal;
* intelligence and style-stylistic preferences; the role of disposition; cognitive style and its measurement; test taking style; and
* intelligence and personality in context-regularities of functioning; contextual effects in cultural variation; control and consistency; the concept of "successful intelligence."

This specially commissioned collection of perspectives offers an analysis of the new organisation of the teaching profession - reconstructed around the notion of performance and the implications of a performance culture. The Performing School examines the roots, directions and implications of the new structure by drawing together insights from policy, research and practice at this time of rapid change and debate. This unique volume addresses three interconnected issues of modernisation and education:
*what is the background to and significance of performance management in modernising schools and teachers at the present time?
*what are the likely future effects of a performance culture on teaching, learning and schooling?
*what will it take to ensure that performance management improves pedagogy and professionality beyond the narrow confines of performativity, managerialism and market reform in education?

"Test Scoring" provides a summary of traditional true score test theory and modern item response theory related to scoring tests, as well as novel developments resulting from the integration of these approaches. The background material introduced in the first four chapters builds a foundation for the new developments covered in later chapters. These new methods offer alternative psychometric approaches to scoring complex assessments.
Each of the book's contributors draws from the classic literature of traditional test theory, as well as psychometric developments of the past decade. The emphasis is on large-scale educational measurement but the topics and procedures may be applied broadly within many measurement contexts.
Numerous graphs and illustrative examples based on real tests and actual data are integrated throughout. This multi-authored volume shows the reader how to combine the coded outcomes on individual test items into a numerical summary about the examinee's performance.
This book is intended for researchers and students in education and other social sciences interested in educational assessment and policy, the design and development of tests, and the procedures for test administration and scoring. Prerequisites include an introduction to educational and psychological measurement and basic statistics. Knowledge of differential and integral calculus and matrix algebra is helpful but not required.

This specially commissioned collection of perspectives offers an analysis of the new organisation of the teaching profession - reconstructed around the notion of performance and the implications of a performance culture. The Performing School examines the roots, directions and implications of the new structure by drawing together insights from policy, research and practice at this time of rapid change and debate. This unique volume addresses three interconnected issues of modernisation and education:
*what is the background to and significance of performance management in modernising schools and teachers at the present time?
*what are the likely future effects of a performance culture on teaching, learning and schooling?
*what will it take to ensure that performance management improves pedagogy and professionality beyond the narrow confines of performativity, managerialism and market reform in education?

This work sets out to help teachers assess pupils with profound and multiple learning difficulties, multisensory impairments and other complex needs in a relevant and meaningful way. It offers teachers structure, guidance and a holistic approach to assessment, target setting, planning, recording, attainment and pupil progress throughout his or her school life.;The book should enable teachers to prioritize areas for developing small-steps, skill-based learning objectives and it should help them to assist with ongoing assessment review.

This special issue is a case study of a recent legal challenge to a graduation test, "GI Forum v. Texas Education Agency." Its purpose is to provide updated, relevant information to the many statewide and district testing programs, measurement professionals, and policymakers currently involved with the implementation of new educational standards and tests. The GI Forum Court's decision provides a road map for creating legally defensible graduation tests, and by analogy, may also provide useful guidance for other high stakes uses of standardized achievement tests. The "GI Forum" case is an extension of the landmark Debra P. v. Turlington case.

Who's the New Kid in Chemistry? offers an unprecedented look at student engagement and teacher best practices through the eyes of an educational researcher enrolled as a public high school student. Over the course of seventy-nine consecutive days, John D. Butler participates in and observes Rhode Island 2013 Teacher of the Year Jessica M. Waters's high school chemistry class, documenting his experiences as they unfold. Who's the New Kid in Chemistry? is a compelling example of what can be accomplished when an educational researcher and teacher collaborate in the classroom. This work includes a discussion on flexible homework assignments, data-driven instruction, and thirty teacher best practices. This book is an invaluable resource for teachers across all content areas, masters and doctoral research method classes, and future Teachers of the Year.

With the Common Core poised to markedly amplify the accountability stakes in public education, the pressure to post steep outcomes gains has never been fiercer. Unsurprisingly, flashy and expensive school improvement initiatives that promise quick fix solutions have become pervasively en vogue across the K-12 landscape. As Justin A. Collins compellingly demonstrates in Burning Cash, these flashy acronym reform plans provide for abundantly vivid theatre, but offer no muscle for the heavy lifting required to transform instructional quality. Collins pens a forceful case that despite the dizzying change swirling around the classroom walls, student engagement remains a fixture of a paramount importance. Taking a decided detour from the student engagement literature to date, Burning Cash spells out an entirely fresh means of numerically charting student engagement levels across all classrooms over time. Were the status quo to instead persist, a high school diploma will remain the end of the educational line for millions of schoolchildren. By reliably quantifying the nature of student engagement at the classroom level, teachers and administrators are supplied a powerfully telling barometer by which to gauge educational quality. Also left at educational leaders' disposal are data-informed guideposts that illuminate the improvement work left to be done. As Los Angeles Schools' John Deasy champions in the book's foreword, when student higher-order thinking balloons and disengagement is eradicated, test score spikes are extreme and sustained, no matter the school district's zip code. And that means the promise of the American dream is enlivened without additionally burdening deficit-riddled budgets.

This casebook is intended to support professionals who are working in a variety of contexts to use classroom-based assessment more effectively to support teacher learning and teaching change, and to enhance the opportunities for all students to develop mathematical power. It grows out of a collaboration of mathematics teachers and teacher educators, and mathematicians, to better understand the role of assessment as an ongoing activity to help teachers reshape their own teaching practices. At the heart of each case is using assessment to make sense of what students understand and what they are confused about, deciding what counts as evidence of that understanding, and using the analysis to consider what the teacher's next instructional moves might be.
All of the cases in this volume are built around actual episodes from mathematics classrooms. Intended as decision-making exercises, they present the raw data of classroom events in a straightforward way and are designed to stimulate analysis and reflection; provoke various and sometimes conflicting interpretations of an event; bring to the fore deeply held beliefs of beginning and experienced teachers so they can be reconsidered; and engage professionals in pedagogical problem solving in the context of complex classroom settings.
This volume reflects the growing interest in cases as a pedagogical tool in teacher professional development. The cases are organized to take up key themes of the NCTM Professional Teaching Standards in ways that will assist and support teachers, teacher educators, and curriculum and staff development specialists in learning to assess and in linking assessment with curriculum, teaching, and learning. Although each case contains many ideas for linking assessment with curriculum and instruction, the most powerful use of these materials resides in their design intended to foster conversations among groups of professional colleagues. The editors' field-testing of the cases--in initial teacher certification courses and in in-service workshops--has shown that they prompt engaging and demanding analysis through a variety of analytic lenses.
A videotape containing vignettes for four of the cases in the "Casebook" is available with this book. Transcriptions of the video vignettes are printed in the case materials in the book. Course instructors and professional development facilitators will need both the "Casebook" and the videotape and should order the Casebook/Video set. The video can also be ordered separately.

This book goes back to the basic purpose of assessment - to show teachers what your students know and are able to do. The 22 activities in this book will help your students become active, engaged, responsible, and caring learners. This how to book is filled with activities which will enable you to: - keep your students active and engaged
- facilitate cooperative group projects without losing control
- raise academic achievement
- apply multiple intelligences in your classroom
- teach your students how to thinkThese strategies all involve student reflection through- writing
- discussion
- drawing
- investigating
- record keeping
- and other activities.

Girls are now out-performing boys at GCSE level, giving rise to a debate in the media on boys' underachievement. However, often such work has been a 'knee-jerk' response, led by media, not based on solid research. Boys, Girls and Achievement - Addressing the Classroom Issues fills that gap and:
*provides a critical overview of the current debate on achievement;
*Focuses on interviews with young people and classroom observations to examine how boys and girls see themselves as learners;
*analyses the strategies teachers can use to improve the educational achievements of both boys and girls.
Becky Francis provides teachers with a thorough analysis of the various ways in which secondary school pupils construct their gender identities in the classroom. The book also discusses methods by teachers might use challenge these gender constructions in the classroom and thereby address the 'gender-gap' in achievement.

This comprehensive, yet accessible, text demystifies the challenging area of competence assessement in medicine and the health sciences, providing a clear framework and the tools for anyone working or studying in this area. Written by a single, highly experienced, author, the content benefits from uniformity of style and is supported and enhanced by a range of pedagogic features including cases, questions and summaries. Essential reading for all students and practitioners of medical education, it will also be an invaluable guide for allied health professionals and psychologists with a general interest in assessment, evaluation and measurement and a useful library reference.

This text shows how competence can be assessed in counsellor training, providing material for counselling trainers as they seek to design studies which will contribute to informing good practice in the counselling profession. The text forms a summary of available research on counsellor competence and assessment, and information about current practice, including examples of assessment systems used in a range of organizations.

The affective realm is a critical, but often forgotten, aspect of schooling. The development of character and the formation of appropriate learning environments rely to a large extent on understanding the affective nature of students. Even when the focus is on cognitive achievement, affect has a role to play. Teachers frequently mention a lack of motivation as a primary reason for students not achieving as well as they should or as well as their teachers would like.
Despite the importance of affect, educators rarely make an effort to systematically collect and use information about students' affective characteristics to better understand students and to substantially improve the quality of education they receive. This book's purpose is to provide educators with the knowledge and skills they need to design and select instruments that can be used to gather information about students' affective characteristics. Once valid and reliable information has been gathered, it can be used to aid in understanding and to improve educational quality.
The second edition features:
* an updated list of affective characteristics (i.e., attitudes, values, interests, self-esteem, self-efficacy, locus of control)
* a dual emphasis on selecting and designing affective assessment instruments
* an emphasis on multi-scale instruments (i.e., a single instrument with multiple affective scales)
* the use of a single small data set to illustrate and foster understanding of key concepts and procedures
* a dual emphasis on data about individual students and groups of students
* a dual focus on the instrumental value of affective data and the inherent value of affective data (i.e., affect is valuable in and of itself)

The affective realm is a critical, but often forgotten, aspect of schooling. The development of character and the formation of appropriate learning environments rely to a large extent on understanding the affective nature of students. Even when the focus is on cognitive achievement, affect has a role to play. Teachers frequently mention a lack of motivation as a primary reason for students not achieving as well as they should or as well as their teachers would like.
Despite the importance of affect, educators rarely make an effort to systematically collect and use information about students' affective characteristics to better understand students and to substantially improve the quality of education they receive. This book's purpose is to provide educators with the knowledge and skills they need to design and select instruments that can be used to gather information about students' affective characteristics. Once valid and reliable information has been gathered, it can be used to aid in understanding and to improve educational quality.
The second edition features:
* an updated list of affective characteristics (i.e., attitudes, values, interests, self-esteem, self-efficacy, locus of control)
* a dual emphasis on selecting and designing affective assessment instruments
* an emphasis on multi-scale instruments (i.e., a single instrument with multiple affective scales)
* the use of a single small data set to illustrate and foster understanding of key concepts and procedures
* a dual emphasis on data about individual students and groups of students
* a dual focus on the instrumental value of affective data and the inherent value of affective data (i.e., affect is valuable in and of itself)

Originally published in 1974. This final volume in the trilogy is concerned primarily with comparing the academic progress made by pupils of near-equal ability in the two types of school. It considers attainment in different subjects but also attitudes to different subjects and then follows up with a study of university students from both types of school background.

This book addresses the issue of data use in educator preparation programs towards continuous programmatic improvement. With an aim to increase the rigor in both research and practice in educational administration and teacher education, this volume will analyze the longstanding quality concerns about teacher and leadership preparation and standards for programs and educators, as well as controversies concerning national accreditation and federal efforts to mandate program reporting data. By exploring the policies and practices that influence departments of education, this volume examines the increasing pressures to improve institutional functioning, within a complex system of university, state, and national structures and organizations.

This text integrates the theory and practice of learner-based assessment. Written in response to two recent movements in language teaching--learner-centered teaching and a renewed interest in authenticity in language testing--it examines the relationship between the language learner and language assessment processes, and promotes approaches to assessment that involve the learner in the testing process. Particular attention is given to issues of reliability and validity. Grounded in current pedagogical applications of authentic assessment measures, this volume is intended for and eminently accessible to classroom teachers and program directors looking for ways to include their students in the evaluation process, graduate students, and professional language testers seeking authenticity in assessment and desiring to create more interactive evaluation tools.

Assessment has become one of the most significant areas of interest in educational policy development, as well as the focus of complex political, economic and cultural expectations for change. Increasingly, governments world-wide have become aware that curricula and teachers can be indirectly controlled through programmes of assessment. Opponents of centralised systems of mass assessment claim they are ill-suited to the diverse and changing needs of learners and users of assessment.
In Assessment the UK and US writers take the reader beyond the obvious functions of assessment, and focus upon the roles it performs in the social structuring of society. They examine the myths and assumptions that underpin assessment and testing and draw attention to its cultural context.
The book provides a wide-ranging, structured and accessible approach to the study of socio-cultural origins and impacts of assessment.

Assessment has become one of the most significant areas of interest in educational policy development, as well as the focus of complex political, economic and cultural expectations for change. Increasingly, governments world-wide have become aware that curricula and teachers can be indirectly controlled through programmes of assessment. Opponents of centralised systems of mass assessment claim they are ill-suited to the diverse and changing needs of learners and users of assessment.
In Assessment the UK and US writers take the reader beyond the obvious functions of assessment, and focus upon the roles it performs in the social structuring of society. They examine the myths and assumptions that underpin assessment and testing and draw attention to its cultural context.
The book provides a wide-ranging, structured and accessible approach to the study of socio-cultural origins and impacts of assessment.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203465849

This book provides an authoritative overview of the criteria and standards of the doctorate across a wide range of international settings, with a particular focus on the practices of examining. Presenting case studies and research from 13 universities in 13 countries across Africa, Asia, North and South America, Australia, and Europe, the book is based on in-depth interviews and comparative analyses of the PhD examining experience. It reveals the variations and similarities in different academic traditions and investigates the extent to which there are comparable expectations and standards across countries. It suggests that criteria and standards - both written and unwritten - are broadly similar, but shows that there is a need for much more explicitly formulated criteria and standards for an internationalised approach to doctoral assessment. Following on from the 2019 book The Doctorate as Experience in Europe and Beyond, this book will be of great interest to current and potential doctoral examiners, researchers of higher education, and university administrators.

This text integrates the theory and practice of learner-based assessment. Written in response to two recent movements in language teaching--learner-centered teaching and a renewed interest in authenticity in language testing--it examines the relationship between the language learner and language assessment processes, and promotes approaches to assessment that involve the learner in the testing process. Particular attention is given to issues of reliability and validity. Grounded in current pedagogical applications of authentic assessment measures, this volume is intended for and eminently accessible to classroom teachers and program directors looking for ways to include their students in the evaluation process, graduate students, and professional language testers seeking authenticity in assessment and desiring to create more interactive evaluation tools.

Research has indicated that assessment is a key factor in student learning. This book details the issues of assessment in the open and distance learning field, where changes in budgets, the location and environment of the students and other factors have prompted innovations in assessment.