Borowiec portrays Cyprus as a permanent source of tension in the Eastern Mediterranean and a potential trigger for future conflict between Greece and Turkey. He describes the depth of animosity between Greek and Turkish Cypriots and analyzes the obstacles in the path of a search for a solution.

Most casual observers see the conflict between Greeks and Turks on a strategic Mediterranean island as a struggle within a sovereign state. Borowiec concludes that there has never been a Cypriot nation, only Greeks and Turks living in Cyprus, separated by the hostility reflecting the traditional animosity between their motherlands. If these two groups could forget their past conflicts--as did, for example, Germany and Poland--there might be a way to end the partition of Cyprus. At the present time, however, the crisis is likely to continue with varying degrees of tension, threatening the entire Eastern Mediterranean and undermining NATO's cohesion.

Borowiec traces the history of Cyprus from antiquity through Ottoman and British colonial rule and the post-independence period. He describes the break between the island's communities in 1963, the UN intervention of 1964, and the path toward the Athens junta's coup in 1974 which caused the Turkish invasion and occupation of the northern part of Cyprus. He compares the conflicting views of the protagonists--the Greek Cypriot majority and the Turkish Cypriot minority. Considerable attention is paid to the two separate economic and political entities on the island. Borowiec analyzes the futility of myriad international mediation efforts and suggests possible ways of creating a climate propitious to dialogue. This important new look at the Cypriot conflict will be valuable to researchers, policy makers, and scholars involved with the Eastern Mediterranean and conflict/peace studies.

A new Regent was leading Scotland in the fall of 1332. Robert the Brus had been buried at Dunfermline Abbey; his most loyal lieutenants James Douglas and Thomas Randolph were dead as well. Tragedy struck quickly at Duplin Moor; the subterfuge of Scots in sympathy to Edward Balliol and the Disinherited led many brave patriots to their unnecessary deaths. This third book of the Douglas Trilogy, the sequel to the 'Braveheart' legacy takes the reader through the volatile years of the 14th century as the author crafts the true stories of the next generation of Douglas knights; the grandsons of Sir William le Hardi, Lord Douglas. Returning from their exile in Normandy and adventures in Piacenza, Italy, young William and his cousin Archibald the Grim seize the gauntlets of the doughty Douglas; the Patriotic Cause stirring in their blood they set their sights on liberating Scotland. Follow these Earls of Douglas as they embrace the words of the old Crusader; following their truth, defending the cause of Freedom in this exciting conclusion of the real-life story of the Douglas Clan and the Scottish Wars for National Independence.

Indian soldiers served in France from 1914 to 1918. This book is a selection of their letters. By turns poignant, funny, and almost unbearably moving, these documents vividly evoke the world of the Western Front--as seen through "subaltern" Indian eyes. The letters also bear eloquent witness to the sepoys' often unsettling encounter with Europe, and with European culture. This book helps to map the imaginative landscape of South Asia's warrior-peasant communities.

Why should the United States cling to military alliances established during the Cold War when the circumstances are now fundamentally different? In The End of Alliances Rajan Menon makes the bold claim that our alliances in Europe and Asia have become irrelevant to the challenges the United States faces today and are slowly dissolving as a result.
The dissolution of our alliances will not, Menon emphasizes, culminate in isolationism. The United States will, and must, be actively involved beyond its borders, but by relying on contingent alignments and on coalitions whose membership will vary depending on the issue at hand. America, he reminds us, engaged the world in a variety of ways for more than 150 years before entering into formal military alliances after World War II. While a strategy that ceases to rely on alliances will mark a dramatic shift in American foreign policy, states routinely reassess and reorient their strategies. The United States, which studiously avoided alliances for much of its history only to embrace them during the Cold War, is no exception.
The End of Alliances predicts that the coming change in American strategy will force our traditional allies to rethink their choices and create new patterns in world politics. The controversial argument advanced by Menon will provoke debate among foreign policy specialists and the general public.

The Routledge Handbook of Military Ethics is a comprehensive reference work that addresses concerns held in common by the military services of many nations. It attempts to discern both moral dilemmas and clusters of moral principles held in common by all practitioners of this profession, regardless of nation or culture. Comprising essays by contributors drawn from the four service branches (Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine corps) as well as civilian academics specializing in this field, this handbook discusses the relationship of "ethics" in the military setting to applied and professional ethics generally. Leading scholars and senior military practitioners from countries including the US, UK, France, China, Australia and Japan, discuss various national cultural views of the moral dimensions of military service. With reference to the responsibilities of professional orientation and education, as well as the challenges posed by recent technological developments, this handbook examines the difficulties underpinning the fundamental framework of military service. This book will be of much interest to students of military studies, war theory, ethics philosophy, sociology, war and conflict studies, and security studies.

Based on a series of interviews, Leviatin presents the experiences of several generations of students and faculty members who studied and taught on the English Department of the oldest university in Central Europe, Charles University. The English Department is best known as the home of the Prague Linguistic Circle. By focusing on the university, and especially the English Department, Leviatin provides a detailed picture of the ways in which an institution and a community have been affected by war, occupation, ideology, and revolution. As the first book to provide detailed oral histories of the rise and fall of Czechoslovakian communism, it will be of interest to students of contemporary Eastern European social and political history.

The American Military in the Twenty-First Century assesses the likely roles of U.S. military forces in the changed international environment of the twenty-first century and how military roles and missions might best be allocated among the armed services to create a flexible, cost-effective force able to support U.S. national interests. It focuses on the basic functions of the armed forces (for example, defence of the homeland, projection of power abroad, and peacekeeping and humanitarian operations) and shows, with an illustrative force posture, how military capabilities might best be adjusted to meet the country's defence and foreign policy needs in the decades ahead.

KING PHILIP'S WAR is Ellis and Morris? renowned study of the Indian uprising that occurred after more than a half-century of peaceful co-existence with the English settlers. Metacomet, son of Massasoit of the Wampanoag tribe, led an uprising in 1675 that would later be known as King Philip's War. The Natives? resistance to increased English demand for food, land and the acceptance of English laws finally escalated into open revolt. The Nipmuck, Narragansett and Wampanoag tribes united to preserve their way of life in a doomed fight that killed over six hundred colonists and three thousand natives resulting in the virtual destruction of the tribes and opening southern New England to unimpeded colonial expansion.Using original colonial documents, the authors research ed published and unpublished archives and correspondence creating KING PHILIP'S WAR. Though these pages the reader can relive the battles that eventually led to the demise of the Indian way of life in this era.

NATO's 2010 Strategic Concept officially broadened the alliance's mission beyond collective defense, reflecting a peaceful Europe and changes in alliance activities. NATO had become an international security facilitator, a crisis-manager even outside Europe, and a liberal democratic club as much as a mutual-defense organization. However, Russia's re-entry into great power politics has changed NATO's strategic calculus. Russia's aggressive annexation of Crimea in 2014 and its ongoing military support for Ukrainian separatists dramatically altered the strategic environment and called into question the liberal European security order. States bordering Russia, many of which are now NATO members, are worried, and the alliance is divided over assessments of Russia's behavior. Against the backdrop of Russia's new assertiveness, an international group of scholars examines a broad range of issues in the interest of not only explaining recent alliance developments but also making recommendations about critical choices confronting the NATO allies. While a renewed emphasis on collective defense is clearly a priority, this volume's contributors caution against an overcorrection, which would leave the alliance too inwardly focused, play into Russia's hand, and exacerbate regional fault lines always just below the surface at NATO. This volume places rapid-fire events in theoretical perspective and will be useful to foreign policy students, scholars, and practitioners alike.

First published in 1996, this encyclopedia is a comprehensive reference resource that pulls together a vast amount of material on a rich historical era, presenting it in a balanced way that offers hard-to-find facts and detailed information. The volume was the first encyclopedic account of the United States' colonial military experience. It features 650 essays by more than 130 historians, archaeologists, anthropologists, geographers, and other scholarly experts on a variety of topics that cover all of colonial America's diverse peoples. In addition to wars, battles, and treaties, analytical essays explore the diplomatic and military history of over 50 Native American groups, as well as Dutch, English, French, Spanish, and Swiss colonies. It's the first source to consult for the political activities of an Indian nation, the details about the disposition of forces in a battle, or the significance of a fort to its size, location, and strength. In addition to its reference capabilities, the book's detailed material has been, and will continue to be highly useful to students as a supplementary text and as a handy source for reporters and papers.

Independence and Deterrence , commissioned by the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, continues the story of Britain's atomic project begun in Britain and Atomic Energy 1939-1945 , and covers the years from 1945 to the first British bomb test at the end of 1952. Volume 1 studies policy making at the highest levels - the strategic, political and international considerations, the administrative and constitutional machinery. It shows how and why Britain decided to make atomic bombs and follows traumatic negotiations for Anglo-American atomic collaboration and their effect on Britain's relations with Europe and the Commonwealth. There is important material on Anglo-Canadian affairs. The book sheds new light on Britain's rights to consultation on any American use of atmoic bombs. Volume 2 studies the execution of the project. It analyses the cost of the project in money and manpower, the problems of health and safety, secrecy and security, the relationship between government and private industry. Above all it gives a 'nuts and bolts' description of the work of the scientists and engineers in carrying out - with great success - a complex technological project operating on the furthest frontiers of knowledge, which culminated in making and testing the Mark I weapon. There is an illuminating chapter on the origins of Britian's nuclear power programme and her choice of reactor. These chapters emphasise not only ecomomic, managerial and technological aspects, but also the great influence of personalities. This is the first peacetime official history to be authorised for publication. It has been written with free access to official documents and very little has been modified or omitted on public interest grounds. Most of the material is completely new. Ronald Clark wrote of Britain and Atomic Energy , '[Mrs Gowning] has been able to let cats out of bags by the litterful'. This is even more true of Independence and Deterrence.

These are the personal journals of Homer A. Plimpton, who joined the 39th Volunteer Regiment of Illinois in 1861 and rose from Private to Colonel of the regiment. "On April 2nd of 1865, what remained of the 39th participated in the attack on Fort Gregg, a rebel defense position guarding Petersburg. Led by Captain Plimpton, the 39th charged the fort, which was made of earthworks in a semi-circle with a deep moat in front. The 1889 regimental history has this to say about Homer: 'His career as a soldier was noticeable for the unwearied attention to duty of whatever kind and was remarkable as an example of rapid and well-deserved promotion'." Charles Stanley, student of the 39th regiment and Chicago based reporter. The Mural on the front cover is the Battle of Fort Gregg, used by permission of the US National Park Service.

Fighting with the Bengal Yeomanry Cavalry by John Tulloch Nash
Private Metcalfe at Lucknow by Henry Metcalfe
Two vital recollections of the great Indian uprising
This is another Leonaur volume which includes two essential perspectives of a single conflict within one book for great value reading. The first account sees the Mutiny from the perspective of a hastily thrown together unit of irregular cavalry. The author-a gentleman volunteer-saw much hard riding, tough campaigning and brutal action. He has recorded it all here for posterity in this rare but vital first hand account. By contrast, Private Metcalfe's is an authentic voice of the ordinary infantryman of the Queen Empress's regular army. A soldier of the 32nd Foot from the age of thirteen Metcalfe was of the stuff that 'kept the map red'. Rough, tough, nostalgic and capable of acts of violence and great kindness by turns, Metcalfe possessed almost limitless endurance, stoicism and good humour throughout one of the most demanding actions of the war-the siege of the Residency at Lucknow.

Ever since the possibility of nuclear fission arose in the minds of the physicists of the 1930s, nuclear weapons seem to have had a momentum of their own. In charge of them, and driven by them, are the nuclear decision-makers. This book takes the reader behind the tests and deployments of bombs and missiles to reveal who takes the decisions to develop nuclear weapons and what kind of people they are. Ranging from the laboratories where 'Star Wars' weapons are being invented, to the Design Bureau where Soviet missiles are developed, to Mururoa Atoll, testing site of the French neutron bomb, to the lake-side compound in the Beijing, from which the modernisation of Chinese nuclear weapons is directed, to the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment at Aldermaston, where warheads for British nuclear weapons are designed, the author asks: who is in charge of nuclear weapons?