A guide to two-phase heat transfer theory, practice, and applications Designed primarily as a practical resource for design and development engineers, Two-Phase Heat Transfer contains the theories and methods of two-phase heat transfer that are solution oriented. Written in a clear and concise manner, the book includes information on physical phenomena, experimental data, theoretical solutions, and empirical correlations. A very wide range of real-world applications and formulas/correlations for them are presented. The two-phase heat transfer systems covered in the book include boiling, condensation, gas-liquid mixtures, and gas-solid mixtures. The authorAa noted expert in this fieldAalso reviews the numerous applications of two-phase heat transfer such as heat exchangers in refrigeration and air conditioning, conventional and nuclear power generation, solar power plants, aeronautics, chemical processes, petroleum industry, and more. Special attention is given to heat exchangers using mini-channels which are being increasingly used in a variety of applications. This important book: Offers a practical guide to two-phase heat transfer Includes clear guidance for design professionals by identifying the best available predictive techniques Reviews the extensive literature on heat transfer in two-phase systems Presents information to aid in the design and analysis of heat exchangers. Written for students and research, design, and development engineers, Two-Phase Heat Transfer is a comprehensive volume that covers the theory, methods, and applications of two-phase heat transfer.

A comprehensive treatment for implementing Statistical Process Control (SPC) in the food industry This book provides managers, engineers, and practitioners with an overview of necessary and relevant tools of Statistical Process Control, a roadmap for their implementation, the importance of engagement and teamwork, SPC leadership, success factors of the readiness and implementation, and some of the key lessons learned from a number of food companies. Illustrated with numerous examples from global real-world case studies, this book demonstrates the power of various SPC tools in a comprehensive manner. The final part of the book highlights the critical challenges encountered while implementing SPC in the food industry globally. Statistical Process Control for the Food Industry: A Guide for Practitioners and Managers explores the opportunities to deliver customized SPC training programs for local food companies. It offers insightful chapter covering everything from the philosophy and fundamentals of quality control in the food industry all the way up to case studies of SPC application in the food industry on both the quality and safety aspect, making it an excellent "cookbook" for the managers in the food industry to assess and initiating the SPC application in their respective companies. Covers concise and clear guidelines for the application of SPC tools in any food companies' environment Provides appropriate guidelines showing the organizational readiness level before the food companies adopt SPC Explicitly comments on success factors, motivations, and challenges in the food industry Addresses quality and safety issues in the food industry Presents numerous, global, real-world case studies of SPC in the food industry Statistical Process Control for the Food Industry: A Guide for Practitioners and Managers can be used to train upper middle and senior managers in improving food quality and reducing food waste using SPC as one of the core techniques. It's also an excellent book for graduate students of food engineering, food quality management and/or food technology, and process management.

The Advances in Chemical Physics series--the cutting edge of research in chemical physics

"The Advances in Chemical Physics" series provides the chemical physics and physical chemistry fields with a forum for critical, authoritative evaluations of advances in every area of the discipline. Filled with cutting-edge research reported in a cohesive manner not found elsewhere in the literature, each volume of the Advances in Chemical Physics series presents contributions from internationally renowned chemists and serves as the perfect supplement to any advanced graduate class devoted to the study of chemical physics.

This volume explores:

Kinetics and thermodynamics of fluctuation-induced transitions in multistable systems (G. Nicolis and C. Nicolis)

Dynamical rare event simulation techniques for equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems (Titus S. van Erp)

Confocal depolarized dynamic light scattering (M. Potenza, T. Sanvito, V. Degiorgio, and M. Giglio)

The two-step mechanism and the solution-crystal spinodal for nucleation of crystals in solution (Peter G. Vekilov)

Experimental studies of two-step nucleation during two-dimensional crystallization of colloidal particles with short-range attraction (John R. Savage, Liquan Pei, and Anthony D. Dinsmore)

On the role of metastable intermediate states in the homogeneous nucleation of solids from solution (James F. Lutsko)

Effects of protein size on the high-concentration/low-concentration phase transition (Patrick Grosfils)

Geometric constraints in the self-assembly of mineral dendrites and platelets (John J. Kozak)

What can mesoscopic level in situ observations teach us about kinetics and thermodynamics of protein crystallization? (Mike Sleutel, Dominique Maes, and Alexander Van Driessche)

The ability of silica to induce biomimetic crystallization of calcium carbonate (Matthias Kellermeier, Emilio Melero-Garcia, Werner Kunz, and Juan Manuel Garcia-Ruiz)

First year core course introductory textbook on the nature of matter that puts the physics before mathematical description Physics of Matter is an introductory textbook on the nature of matter, based on a description of gases, liquids, liquid crystals, and solids in terms of the forces that bind atoms together and the thermal motion of the atoms, that discusses the relationship of these phases of matter to heat and the basic principles of thermodynamics. Physics of Matter is unique in its coverage of material and includes topics that have become important in recent times such as graphene and liquid crystals. Material in the book is reinforced by numerous worked examples in the text and problems and solutions at the end of each chapter, the latter ranging in difficulty from simple exercises to challenging problems. The emphasis is on clarity of exposition and explanation, putting the physics before the mathematical with general physical principles that can be more widely applied being stressed. Published in the Manchester Physics Series, which has the reputation of providing insight, depth, and often details on a subject not found in other textbooks, sample topics covered in Physics of Matter include: Characteristics of atoms (sizes and masses) and Avogadro’s number, the forces that bind atoms and molecules together, and the Lennard-Jones potential Thermal energy, temperature, and the Boltzmann law, covering equations of state, the ideal gas equation, and equipartition of energy Kinetic theory and transport properties of gases, covering molecular collisions, pressure of an ideal gas, the mean free path and diffusion Real gases, including Van der Waal’s equation of state, virial expansion, critical constants, and heat capacities Reversible processes, entropy, the Carnot cycle, the thermodynamic fundamental relationship, and Gibbs free energy Solids, including crystal structure, elastic moduli, and Einstein’s model of heat capacity Liquids, including liquid flow and Bernoulli’s equation Physics of Matter is a valuable learning resource for first- and second-year students in physics, chemistry, and engineering, as well as those in adjacent science courses including environmental and biological sciences. The book is written for the subject traditionally called “Properties of Matter.�

A comprehensive advanced level examination of the transport theory of nanoscale devices * Provides advanced level material of electron transport in nanoscale devices from basic principles of quantum mechanics through to advanced theory and various numerical techniques for electron transport * Combines several up-to-date theoretical and numerical approaches in a unified manner, such as Wigner-Boltzmann equation, the recent progress of carrier transport research for nanoscale MOS transistors, and quantum correction approximations * The authors approach the subject in a logical and systematic way, reflecting their extensive teaching and research backgrounds

Nanotechnology for Biomedical Imaging and Diagnostics: From Nanoparticle Design to Clinical Applications reflects upon the increasing role of nanomaterials in biological and medical imaging, presenting a thorough description of current research as well as future directions. With contributions from experts in nanotechnology and imaging from academia, industry, and healthcare, this book provides a comprehensive coverage of the field, ranging from the architectural design of nanomaterials to their broad imaging applications in medicine. Grouped into three sections, the book: * Elucidates all major aspects of nanotechnology and bioimaging * Provides comprehensive coverage of the field, ranging from the architectural design of nanomaterials to their broad imaging applications in medicine * Written by well-recognized experts in academia, industry, and healthcare, will be an excellence source of reference * With a multidisciplinary approach and a balance of research and diagnostic topics, this book will appeal to students, scientiests, and healthcare professionals alike

Bennett's "Transport by Advection and Diffusion" provides analytical and numerical tools to aid problem solving in every topic area of the text. These tools foster use of generalized methods in the exercises, and enrich understanding. The book helps to develop the math skills necessary to combine with the conceptual understanding needed to succeed in research and education. The text also improves upon an integrated approach to teaching transport phenomena, but widens this to include topics such as transport in compressible flows and in open channel flows.

A guide to all practical aspects of building, implementing, managing, and maintaining MPC applications in industrial plants Multivariable Predictive Control: Applications in Industry provides engineers with a thorough understanding of all practical aspects of multivariate predictive control (MPC) applications, as well as expert guidance on how to derive maximum benefit from those systems. Short on theory and long on step-by-step information, it covers everything plant process engineers and control engineers need to know about building, deploying, and managing MPC applications in their companies. MPC has more than proven itself to be one the most important tools for optimising plant operations on an ongoing basis. Companies, worldwide, across a range of industries are successfully using MPC systems to optimise materials and utility consumption, reduce waste, minimise pollution, and maximise production. Unfortunately, due in part to the lack of practical references, plant engineers are often at a loss as to how to manage and maintain MPC systems once the applications have been installed and the consultants and vendors reps have left the plant. Written by a chemical engineer with two decades of experience in operations and technical services at petrochemical companies, this book fills that regrettable gap in the professional literature. * Provides a cost-benefit analysis of typical MPC projects and reviews commercially available MPC software packages * Details software implementation steps, as well as techniques for successfully evaluating and monitoring software performance once it has been installed * Features case studies and real-world examples from industries, worldwide, illustrating the advantages and common pitfalls of MPC systems * Describes MPC application failures in an array of companies, exposes the root causes of those failures, and offers proven safeguards and corrective measures for avoiding similar failures Multivariable Predictive Control: Applications in Industry is an indispensable resource for plant process engineers and control engineers working in chemical plants, petrochemical companies, and oil refineries in which MPC systems already are operational, or where MPC implementations are being considering.

Charge and Energy Transfer Dynamics in Molecular Systems Comprehensive resource offering knowledge on charge and energy transfer dynamics in molecular systems and nanostructures Charge and Energy Transfer Dynamics in Molecular Systems provides a unified description of different charge and energy transfer phenomena in molecular systems with emphasis on the theory, bridging the regimes of coherent and dissipative dynamics and thus presenting classic rate theories as well as modern treatments of ultrafast phenomena. Starting from microscopic models, the common features of the different transfer processes are highlighted, along with applications ranging from vibrational energy flow in large polyatomic molecules, the motion of protons in solution, up to the concerted dynamics of electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom in molecules and molecular aggregates. The newly revised and updated Fourth Edition contains a more detailed coverage of recent developments in density matrix theory, mixed quantum-classical methods for dynamics simulations, and a substantially expanded treatment of time-resolved spectroscopy. The book is written in an easy-to-follow style, including detailed mathematical derivations, thus making even complex concepts understandable and applicable. Charge and Energy Transfer Dynamics in Molecular Systems includes information on: Electronic and vibrational molecular states, covering molecular Schrödinger equation, Born—Oppenheimer separation and approximation, Hartree-Fock equations and other electronic structure methods Dynamics of isolated and open quantum systems, covering multidimensional wave packet dynamics, and different variants of density operator equations Interaction of molecular systems with radiation fields, covering linear and nonlinear optical response using the correlation function approach Intramolecular electronic transitions, covering optical transition and internal conversion processes Transfer processes of electrons, protons, and electronic excitation energy Providing in-depth coverage of the subject, Charge and Energy Transfer Dynamics in Molecular Systems is an essential resource for anyone working on timely problems of energy and charge transfer in physics, chemistry and biophysics as well as for all engaged in nanoscience and organic electronics.

Advanced Chemical Process Control Bridge the gap between theory and practice with this accessible guide Process control is an area of study which seeks to optimize industrial processes, applying different strategies and technologies as required to navigate the variety of processes and their many potential challenges. Though the body of chemical process control theory is robust, it is only in recent decades that it has been effectively integrated with industrial practice to form a flexible toolkit. The need for a guide to this integration of theory and practice has therefore never been more urgent. Advanced Chemical Process Control meets this need, making advanced chemical process control accessible and useful to chemical engineers with little grounding in the theoretical principles of the subject. It provides a basic introduction to the background and mathematics of control theory, before turning to the implementation of control principles in industrial contexts. The result is a bridge between the insights of control theory and the needs of engineers in plants, factories, research facilities, and beyond. Advanced Chemical Process Control readers will also find: Detailed overview of Control Performance Monitoring (CPM), Model Predictive Control (MPC), and more Discussion of the cost benefit analysis of improved control in particular jobs Authored by a leading international expert on chemical process control Advanced Chemical Process Control is essential for chemical and process engineers looking to develop a working knowledge of process control, as well as for students and graduates entering the chemical process control field.

ARC WELDING PROCESSES HANDBOOK An applied reference, each part of this Handbook gives valuable information regarding the industry or industries where the process is commonly used as well as a description of the equipment. Written by a welding/metallurgical engineer with over 40 years of experience, Arc Welding Processes Handbook delivers the welding and materials expertise required to master complex welding processes and techniques to ensure that the task is done correctly and safely, while reinforcing an understanding of international welding standards and rules. The perfect handbook for those professionals who need an up-to-date reference to advance processes as well as those welders new to the field and need to hone their skills. Arc Welding Processes Handbook five-part treatment starts with a clear and rigorous exposition of the applications and equipment of Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) and Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), followed by self-contained parts concerning processes applications and equipment for Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW), Flux Core Arc Welding (FCAW), and Submerged Arc welding (SAW). An applied reference, each Part of Arc Welding Processes Handbook offers valuable information regarding the industry or industries where the process is commonly used as well as a description of the equipment. In addition, this Handbook discusses the challenges presented by a number of corrosion-resistant alloys (CRAs). Case studies are included throughout the reference to reinforce an understanding of how these processes were applied in the field and how they intersect with issues that may arise with equipment use and materials. The reader will also find in the Handbook: Highlights the key advantages and limitations of each process and suggests an alternate approach to overcome those limitations One-of-a-kind case studies to reinforce an understanding of international welding standards and rules. Quality of welds, type of equipment, materials, and inspection and testing for each process. Metal joining processes like soldering and brazing. Audience The intended market for this book is professionals working in shipbuilding, construction of buildings, bridges, and other structures and to join pipes in pipelines, power plants, manufacturing, and repair.

This book is a Solutions Manual to accompany Applied Mathematics and Modeling for Chemical Engineers, Third Edition. There are many examples provided as homework in the original text and the solution manual provides detailed solutions of many of these problems that are in the parent book Applied Mathematics and Modeling for Chemical Engineers, Third Edition.

MATERIALS FOR BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING A comprehensive yet accessible introductory textbook designed for one-semester courses in biomaterials Biomaterials are used throughout the biomedical industry in a range of applications, from cardiovascular devices and medical and dental implants to regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, drug delivery, and cancer treatment. Materials for Biomedical Engineering: Fundamentals and Applications provides an up-to-date introduction to biomaterials, their interaction with cells and tissues, and their use in both conventional and emerging areas of biomedicine. Requiring no previous background in the subject, this student-friendly textbook covers the basic concepts and principles of materials science, the classes of materials used as biomaterials, the degradation of biomaterials in the biological environment, biocompatibility phenomena, and the major applications of biomaterials in medicine and dentistry. Throughout the text, easy-to-digest chapters address key topics such as the atomic structure, bonding, and properties of biomaterials, natural and synthetic polymers, immune responses to biomaterials, implant-associated infections, biomaterials in hard and soft tissue repair, tissue engineering and drug delivery, and more. Offers accessible chapters with clear explanatory text, tables and figures, and high-quality illustrations Describes how the fundamentals of biomaterials are applied in a variety of biomedical applications Features a thorough overview of the history, properties, and applications of biomaterials Includes numerous homework, review, and examination problems, full references, and further reading suggestions Materials for Biomedical Engineering: Fundamentals and Applications is an excellent textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students in biomedical materials science courses, and a valuable resource for medical and dental students as well as students with science and engineering backgrounds with interest in biomaterials.

MACHINE DESIGN WITH CAD AND OPTIMIZATION A guide to the new CAD and optimization tools and skills to generate real design synthesis of machine elements and systems Machine Design with CAD and Optimization offers the basic tools to design or synthesize machine elements and assembly of prospective elements in systems or products. It contains the necessary knowledge base, computer aided design, and optimization tools to define appropriate geometry and material selection of machine elements. A comprehensive text for each element includes: a chart, excel sheet, a MATLAB(R) program, or an interactive program to calculate the element geometry to guide in the selection of the appropriate material. The book contains an introduction to machine design and includes several design factors for consideration. It also offers information on the traditional rigorous design of machine elements. In addition, the author reviews the real design synthesis approach and offers material about stresses and material failure due to applied loading during intended performance. This comprehensive resource also contains an introduction to computer aided design and optimization. This important book: Provides the tools to perform a new direct design synthesis rather than design by a process of repeated analysis Contains a guide to knowledge-based design using CAD tools, software, and optimum component design for the new direct design synthesis of machine elements Allows for the initial suitable design synthesis in a very short time Delivers information on the utility of CAD and Optimization Accompanied by an online companion site including presentation files Written for students of engineering design, mechanical engineering, and automotive design. Machine Design with CAD and Optimization contains the new CAD and Optimization tools and defines the skills needed to generate real design synthesis of machine elements and systems on solid ground for better products and systems.

The creation of affordable high speed optical communications using standard semiconductor manufacturing technology is a principal aim of silicon photonics research. This would involve replacing copper connections with optical fibres or waveguides, and electrons with photons. With applications such as telecommunications and information processing, light detection, spectroscopy, holography and robotics, silicon photonics has the potential to revolutionise electronic-only systems. Providing an overview of the physics, technology and device operation of photonic devices using exclusively silicon and related alloys, the book includes: * Basic Properties of Silicon * Quantum Wells, Wires, Dots and Superlattices * Absorption Processes in Semiconductors * Light Emitters in Silicon * Photodetectors , Photodiodes and Phototransistors * Raman Lasers including Raman Scattering * Guided Lightwaves * Planar Waveguide Devices * Fabrication Techniques and Material Systems Silicon Photonics: Fundamentals and Devices outlines the basic principles of operation of devices, the structures of the devices, and offers an insight into state-of-the-art and future developments.

This book focuses on the chemistry of additives for high performance applications and a large number of chemical formulas are displayed in the text. The additives applications include: * Analysis and separation techniques, such as high performance liquid chromatography, for example ionic liquids. * Additives for electrical applications, such as capacitors, electrokinetic micropumps, lithium-ion batteries, and other battery types. * Additives for solar cells for control of the active layer nanomorphology are documented as are additives for electrolyte membranes, fuel cells, such as membrane exchange humidifiers and coolant additives. * Medical applications include high performance additives for the manufacture of scaffolds, controlled drug release, and nanofibers. * Additives for lubricants including the deposit control, anti-wear additives, fluid loss control additives in drilling applications. * Additives for concrete uses such as set retarders, curing accelerators, defoamers, permeability control additives, and corrosion protection additives.

This book provides a strategic framework for cost efficient engineering of market moving patent portfolios by organizing patent engineering efforts around the problems that innovators solve for their customers and not the technologies developed to solve these problems. Patents are a vital asset in the modern business world. They allow patent holders to introduce new products in to a market while deterring other market players from simply copying innovative features without making comparable investments in research and development. In years past, a few patents may have provided adequate protection. That is no longer the case. In today's world, it is critical that innovative companies protect the features of their products that give them a competitive advantage with a family or portfolio of patents that are strategically generated to protect the market position of the patent holder. A patent portfolio that deters competitors from introducing competitive products in a timely manner can be worth billions of dollars. Anything less than this is an expensive and possibly fatal distraction. This book provides a strategic framework for cost efficient engineering of patent portfolios that protect your investments in research and development and that extend the market advantages that these investments provide. The book illustrates the use of the problem centric framework to enable the efficient creation of individual patents and patent portfolios that have significant value in and by themselves and allow a company to control its product market. It also introduces the concept of a patent engineer whose role it is to organize input from legal, business and technical communities and organize portfolios and patents using the problem centric framework.

Planar Multibody Dynamics: Formulation, Programming with MATLAB (R), and Applications, Second Edition, provides sets of methodologies for analyzing the dynamics of mechanical systems, such as mechanisms and machineries, with coverage of both classical and modern principles. Using clear and concise language, the text introduces fundamental theories, computational methods, and program development for analyzing simple to complex systems. MATLAB is used throughout, with examples beginning with basic commands before introducing students to more advanced programming techniques. The simple programs developed in each chapter come together to form complete programs for different types of analysis. Features Two new chapters on free-body diagram and vector-loop concepts demonstrate that the modern computational techniques of formulating the equations of motion is merely an organized and systematic interpretation of the classical methods A new chapter on modeling impact between rigid bodies is based on two concepts known as continuous and piecewise methods A thorough discussion on modeling friction and the associated computational issues The short MATLAB (R) programs that are listed in the book can be downloaded from a companion website Several other MATLAB (R) programs and their user manuals can be downloaded from the companion website including: a general purpose program for kinematic, inverse dynamic, and forward dynamic analysis; a semi-general-purpose program that allows student to experiment with his or her own formulation of equations of motion; a special-purpose program for kinematic and inverse dynamic analysis of four-bar mechanisms The preceding three sets of programs contain animation capabilities for easy visualization of the simulated motion A greater range of examples, problems, and projects

This is the fourth volume in the series "Advances in Contact Angle, Wettability and Adhesion" initiated to consolidate information and provide commentary on certain recent research aspects dealing with this important topic. Its predecessor Volumes 1, 2 and 3 were published in 2013, 2015 and 2018 respectively. This new book comprising 14 research and review articles is divided into four parts: Part 1: Contact Angle and Wettability Aspects; Part 2: Surface Free Energy and Surface Tension Determination; Part 3: Applied Aspects. The topics covered include: Contact Angle Determination of Talc Powders from Heat of Immersion Surface Wetting at Macro and Nanoscale Wettability of Wood Surfaces with Waterborne Acrylic Lacquer Stains Modulated by DBD Plasma Treatment in Air at Atmospheric Pressure Wettability of Ultrafiltration Membranes Determination of the Surface Free Energy of Solid Surfaces: Can the Best Model be Found Surface Free Energy Characterization of Talc Powders Determination of the Surface Free Energy of Skin and the Factors Affecting it by the Contact Angle Method Determination of Surface Tension Components of Aqueous Solutions using Fomblin HC/25 R Perfluoropolyether Liquid Film as a Solid Substrate Enhancing the Wettability of Polybenzimidazole (PBI) to Improve Fuel Cell Performance Evaluation of Sebum Resistance for Long-Wear Face Make-Up Products Using Contact Angle Measurements Contact Angle Hysteresis of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives due to Adhesion Tension Relaxation The Potential of Surface Nano-Engineering and Superhydrophobic Surfaces in Drag Reduction Laser Surface Engineering of Polymeric Materials for Enhanced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Adhesion and Growth Sisal-Green Resin Interfaces in Green Composites.

This book provides an overall view of the new and highly promising materials and thin film deposition techniques for printable solar cell applications. The book is organized in four parts. Organic and inorganic hybrid materials and solar cell manufacturing techniques are covered in Part I. Part II is devoted to organic materials and processing technologies like spray coating. This part also demonstrates the key features of the interface engineering for the printable organic solar cells. The main focus of the Part III is the perovskite solar cells, which is a new and promising family of the photovoltaic applications. Finally, inorganic materials and solution based thin film formation methods using these materials for printable solar cell application is discussed in Part IV.

Though the developments in the field of electronics and digital industries are significant, the importance of the basic mechanical industry remains always on the top side. The purpose of this book is to present some advanced research studies on mechanical design, materials and manufacturing. The first chapter presents an analysis of a novel force transducer which has a special shape that allows strategic placement of the strain gauges and senses axial forces by ignoring the moments. The second chapter explains the basic principle of calculation and analysis of the defective structure of solids. The third most interesting chapter presents advanced methods used in molecular dynamics simulation of macromolecules. Chapter Four explores an extended method of mathematical modelling of Freudenstein-Chebyshev approximation theory for sigmoidal function applied to four and five precision points. Chapter Five presents an algorithm to find the transfer vertex of a given epicyclic gear train. In the sixth chapter, an analytical study (using ABAQUS/CAE) on the strengthening of the beam-column joint under seismic conditions using carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets has been carried out. Chapter Seven discusses preparation, properties and applications of nanomterials, ceramics and bioceramics. Chapter Eight discusses the fluorescence of atomic hydrogen in aqueous media. Chapter Nine presents a methodology to design, develop and simulate a twin spindle turning special purpose machine based on the data collected from hydraulic, pneumatic, and electro pneumatic data which will serve as low cost automation. The last chapter is about the estimation of axial force in incremental sheet metal forming.