ESSENTIALS OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE PHYSICS An introductory semiconductor device physics textbook that is accessible to readers without a background in statistical physics I wish this book had been available when I needed to make a Semiconductor class myself a few years ago [...] A very nice aspect is that some concepts (e.g. density of states) are explained in a way that I have not seen elsewhere. These types of unconventional approaches are very valuable for a teacher. (Bjorn Maes, University of Mons, Belgium) [...] the author offers an accessible description of statistical analysis and adopts it to explain the core properties of semiconductors. [...] [He] uses interesting metaphors and analogies to exemplify some of the most difficult notions, in an innovative and engaging way. (Andrea di Falco, University of St. Andrews, UK) The subject of this book is the physics of semiconductor devices, which is an important topic in engineering and physics because it forms the background for electronic and optoelectronic devices, including solar cells. The author aims to provide students and teachers with a concise text that focuses on semiconductor devices and covers the necessary background in statistical physics. This text introduces the key prerequisite knowledge in a simple, clear, and friendly manner. It distills the key concepts of semiconductor devices down to their essentials, enabling students to master this key subject in engineering, physics, and materials. The subject matter treated in this book is directly connected to the physics of p-n junctions and solar cells, which has become a topic of intense interest in the last decade. Sample topics covered within the text include: Chemical potential, Fermi level, Fermi-Dirac distribution, drift current and diffusion current. The physics of semiconductors, band theory and intuitive derivations of the concentration of charge carriers. The p-n junction, with qualitative analysis preceding the mathematical descriptions. A derivation of the current vs voltage relation in p-n junctions (Shockley equation). Important applications of p-n junctions, including solar cells The two main types of transistors: Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJT) and Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFET) For students and instructors, it may be used as a primary textbook for an introductory semiconductor device physics course and is suitable for a course of approximately 30-50 hours. Scientists studying and researching semiconductor devices in general, and solar cells in particular, will also benefit from the clear and intuitive explanations found in this book.

Polymer Nanocomposites for Energy Applications Explore the science of polymer nanocomposites and their practical use in energy applications In Polymer Nanocomposites for Energy Applications, a team of distinguished researchers delivers a comprehensive review of the synthesis and characterization of polymer nanocomposites, as well as their applications in the field of energy. Succinct and insightful, the book explores the storage of electrical, magnetic, and thermal energy and hydrogen. It also discusses energy generation by polymer-based solar cells. Finally, the authors present a life cycle analysis of polymer nanocomposites for energy applications and provide four real-world case studies where these materials have been successfully used. Readers will also find: Thorough introductions to the origins and synthesis of polymer materials In-depth discussions of the characterization of polymeric materials, including UV-visible spectroscopy Comprehensive explorations of a wide variety of polymer material applications, including in biotechnology and for soil remediation Fulsome presentations of polymer nanocomposites and their use in energy storage systems Perfect for materials and engineering scientists and polymer chemists, Polymer Nanocomposites for Energy Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals working in the chemical industry.

Autofrettage Processes: Technology and Modeling deals with the technology and modeling of autofrettage processes, explaining the subject in a lucid manner. It highlights how the theory of plasticity and finite element modeling are applied in the modeling of autofrettage processes. Aimed at senior students of mechanical, production, automobile, and chemical engineering, it has the potential to directly benefit practicing engineers and industrials, owing to the inclusion of topics like thermal autofrettage. Key Features: Provides a general introduction to autofrettage Covers the application of theory of plasticity and finite element modeling of autofrettage processes Offers exposure to newer autofrettage processes that to date have not been implemented in industries, along with useful practical data

"It’s about time that a practicing engineer with casting and academic experience has written a book that provides answers to questions about squeeze casting and semi-solid molding/forming that many engineers and students of casting need answered."

–Joseph C. Benedyk, PhD
Consultant and retired technical director, Alcoa

High Integrity Die Casting Processes provides a comprehensive look at the concepts behind advanced die casting technologies, including vacuum die casting, squeeze casting, and several variants of semi-solid metalworking. Practical applications for these processes are illustrated in numerous case studies.

This single-source reference tool presents the latest material in five sections:

• Basic concepts of die casting and molten metal flow
• High integrity die casting processes with case studies
• Product design considerations
• Controlling quality and avoiding defects
• Future advances under development

Key coverage includes a survey of liquid metal flow, strategies to overcome the limitations of conventional die casting, and potential defects unique to high integrity die casting processes. Also featured are methods for minimizing porosity, reducing cost by design, practical applied statistical process control techniques, designing for manufacturability, and containment methods for potential processing defects. Several chapters present detailed real-world examples illustrating the broad range of applications possible using high integrity die casting processes.

Included with this book is a CD-ROM containing PowerPoint presentations for each chapter. These presentations can be used for training purposes in conjunction with numerous study questions designed to practically apply the content of the book to real-world situations. Selected PowerPoint slides can be used to support engineering proposals, marketing presentations, or customer education seminars.

High Integrity Die Casting Processes is a valuable reference for both component producers and component users alike. Process engineers, tool designers, manufacturing engineers, production managers, and machine operators will acquire a better understanding of these advanced die casting processes to optimize manufacturing and improve product quality. Component designers, product engineers, purchasing agents, buyers, supplier quality engineers, and project managers will gain insight into these processes and develop superior products by design.

Introduction to SYSTEM SCIENCE with MATLAB Explores the mathematical basis for developing and evaluating continuous and discrete systems In this revised Second Edition of Introduction to System Science with MATLAB(R), the authors Gary Sandquist and Zakary Wilde provide a comprehensive exploration of essential concepts, mathematical framework, analytical resources, and productive skills required to address any rational system confidently and adequately for quantitative evaluation. This Second Edition is supplemented with new updates to the mathematical and technical materials from the first edition. A new chapter to assist readers to generalize and execute algorithms for systems development and analysis, as well as an expansion of the chapter covering specific system science applications, is included. The book provides the mathematical basis for developing and evaluating single and multiple input/output systems that are continuous or discrete. It offers the mathematical basis for the recognition, definition, quantitative modeling, analysis, and evaluation in system science. The book also provides: A comprehensive introduction to system science and the principles of causality and cause and effect operations, including their historical and scientific background A complete exploration of fundamental systems concepts and basic system equations, including definitions and classifications Practical applications and discussions of single-input systems, multiple-input systems, and system modeling and evaluation An in-depth examination of generalized system analysis methods and specific system science applications Perfect for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in engineering, mathematics, and physical sciences, Introduction to System Science with MATLAB(R) will also earn a prominent place in libraries of researchers in the life and social sciences.

Comprehensive resource focusing on theoretical methods and experimental techniques to analyze physical polymer chemistry Connecting varied issues to demonstrate the impact on areas like biodegradability, environmental friendliness, structure-property relationship, and molecular design, Conformational Analysis of Polymers introduces theoretical methods and experimental techniques to analyze physical polymer chemistry. Opening with a description of fundamental concepts and then describing the conformational characteristics of various polymers including different heteroatoms and chemical species, the text continues onto the applications of density functional theory to polymer crystals and structure-property relationships and concludes by bringing these issues together to demonstrate their practical impact on different areas of the field. Various methods and techniques, including density functional theory (DFT), statistical mechanics, NMR, spectroscopy, and molecular orbital theory, are also covered. Written by a highly qualified author, Conformational Analysis of Polymers explores sample topics such as Fundamentals of polymer physical chemistry: stereochemistry of polymers, models for polymeric chains, Flory-Huggins theory, and rubber elasticity Quantum chemistry for polymers: ab initio molecular orbital theory, density functional theory (DFT), NMR parameters, and periodic DFT of polymer crystals Statistical mechanics of polymeric chains: basic rotational isomeric state (RIS) scheme, refined RIS method, inversional-rotational isomeric state method, and probability theory for RIS scheme Experimental techniques: NMR and scattering methods Providing a timely update to the field of chain conformations of synthetic polymers and connecting fundamental theoretical approaches, experimental techniques, and case study applications, Conformational Analysis of Polymers is an essential resource for polymer chemists, physicists, and material scientists, industrial engineers who synthesize and process polymers, and academic researchers.

This short book provides a concise study of the mechanics of head impact in a soccer heading manoeuvre. It describes the development and validation of finite element models of soccer ball and human head, as well as the simulation of brain dynamics after ball-to-head impact. In addition, it also presents a computational study of the efficacy of wearing protective headgear in mitigating the risk of concussion due to heading in soccer.

This book addresses both classic concepts and state-of-the-art technologies surrounding cellulose science and technology. Integrating nanoscience and applications in materials, energy, biotechnology, and more, the book appeals broadly to students and researchers in chemistry, materials, energy, and environmental science. - Includes contributions from leading cellulose scientists worldwide, with five Anselm Payen Cellulose Award winners and two Hayashi Jisuke Cellulose Award winners - Deals with a highly applicable and timely topic, considering the current activities in the fields of bioeconomies, biorefineries, and biomass utilization - Maximizes readership by combining fundamental science and application development

The subject of system dynamics deals with mathematical modeling and analysis of devices and processes for the purpose of understanding their time-dependent behavior. It emphasizes applications containing multiple types of components and processes such as electromechanical devices, electrohydraulic devices, and fluid-thermal processes. Because systems of interconnected elements often require a control system to work properly, control system design is a major application area in system dynamics. System Dynamics covers these topics, has application case studies, more homework problems than other texts, and the strongest treatment of computational software and system simulation, with its early introduction of MATLAB (R) and Simulink (R).

Expert techniques and effective practices in product development

In this book, the Product Development & Management Association brings together practical, authoritative approaches to every aspect of the product development process, from idea generation to delivery of the final product and commercialization. The ToolBook provides cross-functional coverage of such topics as:

• Dealing with project and portfolio risk
• Improving portfolio management
• Surviving as a project champion
• Modeling the pipeline
• Technology Stage-Gating
• Hunting for winners in the Fuzzy Front End
• Trend mapping and lead-user analysis
• And much more

With effective methods, tools, and techniques in every chapter, The PDMA ToolBook for New Product Development is an essential book for new product development professionals, including Project Leaders, Process Owners, and Program or Portfolio Managers in a broad range of industries from heavy manufacturing to services.

Find out more about the PDMA at: www.pdma.org

This volume provides all the detailed information about surface cleaning, finishing, and coating that you'll find absolutely vital. Contents include: Surface Cleaning, Finishing Methods, Plating and Electroplating, Dip/Barrier/Chemical Conversion Coatings, Vacuum and Controlled-Atmosphere Coating and Surface Modification Processes, Testing and Characterization of Coatings and Thin Films, Surface Engineering of Irons and Steels, Surface Engineering of Nonferrous Metals, Surface Engineering of Selected Nonmetallic Materials, Environmental Protection Issues, Glossary of Terms. You'll read never-before published articles on testing of coatings and thin films, environmental concerns, and surface engineering of nonmetallic structural materials. There's also expanded analysis of advanced processes such as chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, and diffusion coatings. Plus you'll receive additional information in the areas of continuous coatings, electroplating, and finishing methods. A comprehensive glossary of terms is included. You'll learn all the options available to improve the performance of metallic and selected nonmetallic parts along with procedures that can be utilized to enhance appearance and corrosion resistance, as well as wear, thermal, and electrical properties. You'll also find hundreds of tables, graphs, and charts that describe process parameters, solution compositions, operating conditions, specifications and the like along with numerous photographs and schematic drawings of processes and equipment.

This book deals with the various aspects of stochastic dynamics, the resolution of large mechanical systems, and inverse problems. It integrates the most recent ideas from research and industry in the field of stochastic dynamics and optimization in structural mechanics over 11 chapters. These chapters provide an update on the various tools for dealing with uncertainties, stochastic dynamics, reliability and optimization of systems. The optimization reliability coupling in structures dynamics is approached in order to take into account the uncertainties in the modeling and the resolution of the problems encountered. Accompanied by detailed examples of uncertainties, optimization, reliability, and model reduction, this book presents the newest design tools. It is intended for students and engineers and is a valuable support for practicing engineers and teacher-researchers.

This book is a comprehensive study of the subject of ionic interactions in macromolecules. The first parts of the book review and analyze the conventional treatments of fixed charges (e.g. in polyelectrolytes and polyampholytes), including screening and condensation by mobile ions. The interaction of ions with less polar sites on the macromolecule (e.g. amide bonds), and the origin of the lyotropic effects (focusing on binding versus condensation) will also be extensively addressed.

The book also explores complex micellar organizations involving charged macromolecules (e.g. DNA) and low-molecular-weight ampholytes and strong protein associations. The resulting structures are relevant to a variety of functional biological systems and synthetic analogs. The contribution of electrostatic and hydrophobic interaction to the stability of proteins and other supramolecular structures will also be analyzed. There are chapters on applications such as deionization and cosmetic formulation.

This 21-chapter book is divided into three sections: FundamentalsMixed InteractionsFunctions and Applications

GRAFTED BIOPOLYMERS AS CORROSION INHIBITORS Comprehensive resource explaining the synthesis, characterization, and anticorrosive applications of green and environmentally benign grafted biopolymers and their derivatives Grafted Biopolymers as Corrosion Inhibitors highlight research and technology on sustainable grafted biopolymers as corrosion inhibitors and detail their rapidly emerging features and future research prospects. The many forms of grafted biopolymers and techniques for preventing corrosion are explored in relation to their macromolecular weights, chemical makeup, and distinctive molecular and electronic structures. The book covers state-of-the-art corrosion science and engineering as well as an in-depth, step-by-step exposition of knowledge on numerous corrosion systems and their role in contemporary industry. Each chapter include an introduction, isolation and purification, synthesis methods, worked examples, current applications, and future predictions. Edited and contributed to by well-known researchers, scientists and experts from academia and industry, Grafted Biopolymers as Corrosion Inhibitors includes information on: Basics of corrosion, economic adverse effects and its mitigation, and past and present developments and future directions of corrosion inhibition Corrosion inhibitor classification and selection criteria, chemical, electrochemical, and surface characterization, and computational techniques for corrosion monitoring Sustainable grafted biopolymers, covering synthesis and characterizations, properties and applications, and factors affecting biopolymers grafting Grafted natural exudates gums, pectin, chitosan, starch, cellulose, alginates, dextrin, and biopolymer composites and nanocomposites as sustainable corrosion inhibitors Delivering the recent advancements in sustainable grafted biopolymer for the anticorrosive applications arena, Grafted Biopolymers as Corrosion Inhibitors is an essential resource for scholars in academia and industry, working corrosion engineers, and materials science, engineering, and chemistry students.

This book presents nearly 90 carefully selected contributions at the 12th International Conference Mechatronics, which took place in Brno, Czech Republic on 6-8 September 2017. Reflecting the most progressive and constantly changing areas of mechatronics, these proceedings includes papers concerning modeling and simulation, automatic control, robotics, sensors and actuators, electrical machines, and energy harvesting. It not only offers inspiration, but also deepens readers' interdisciplinary and integrated understanding of modern engineering. The book is intended for experts in the integration of electronic, mechanical, control and computer sciences.

Incisive discussions of a critical mission-enabling technology for deep space missions In The Technology of Discovery: Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators and Thermoelectric Technologies for Space Exploration, distinguished JPL engineer and manager David Woerner delivers an insightful discussion of how radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) are used in the exploration of space. It also explores their history, function, their market potential, and the governmental forces that drive their production and design. Finally, it presents key technologies incorporated in RTGs and their potential for future missions and design innovation. The author provides a clear and understandable treatment of the subject, ranging from straightforward overviews of the technology to complex discussions of the field of thermoelectrics. Included is also background on NASA's decision to resurrect the GPHS-RTG and discussion of the future of commercialization of nuclear space missions. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to RTGs, as well as their invention, history, and evolution Comprehensive explorations of the contributions made by RTGs to US space exploration Practical discussions of the evolution, selection, and production of RPS fuels In-depth examinations of technologies and generators currently in development, including skutterudite thermoelectrics for an enhanced MMRTG Perfect for space explorers, aerospace engineers, managers, and scientists, The Technology of Discovery: Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators and Thermoelectric Technologies for Space Exploration will also earn a place in the libraries of NASA archivists and other historians.

This introductory textbook links theory with practice using real illustrative cases involving products, plants and infrastructures and exposes the student to the evolutionary trends in maintenance. * Provides an interdisciplinary approach which links, engineering, science, technology, mathematical modelling, data collection and analysis, economics and management * Blends theory with practice illustrated through examples relating to products, plants and infrastructures * Focuses on concepts, tools and techniques * Identifies the special management requirements of various engineered objects (products, plants, and infrastructures)

A cohesive and insightful compilation of resources explaining the latest discoveries and methods in the field of nanoporous materials In Artificial Intelligence for Zeolites and Nanoporous Materials: Design, Synthesis and Properties Prediction a team of distinguished researchers delivers a robust compilation of the latest knowledge and most recent developments in computational chemistry, synthetic chemistry, and artificial intelligence as it applies to zeolites, porous molecular materials, covalent organic frameworks and metal-organic frameworks. The book presents a common language that unifies these fields of research and advances the discovery of new nanoporous materials. The editors have included resources that describe strategies to synthesize new nanoporous materials, construct databases of materials, structure directing agents, and synthesis conditions, and explain computational methods to generate new materials. They also offer material that discusses AI and machine learning algorithms, as well as other, similar approaches to the field. Readers will also find a comprehensive approach to artificial intelligence applied to and written in the language of materials chemistry, guiding the reader through the fundamental questions on how far computer algorithms and numerical representations can drive our search of new nanoporous materials for specific applications. Designed for academic researchers and industry professionals with an interest in synthetic nanoporous materials chemistry, Artificial Intelligence for Zeolites and Nanoporous Materials: Design, Synthesis and Properties Prediction will also earn a place in the libraries of professionals working in large energy, chemical, and biochemical companies with responsibilities related to the design of new nanoporous materials.

The purpose of this primer is to provide the basics of the Finite Element Method, primarily illustrated through a classical model problem, linearized elasticity. The topics covered are: * Weighted residual methods and Galerkin approximations, * A model problem for one-dimensional linear elastostatics, * Weak formulations in one dimension, * Minimum principles in one dimension, * Error estimation in one dimension, * Construction of Finite Element basis functions in one dimension, * Gaussian Quadrature, * Iterative solvers and element by element data structures, * A model problem for three-dimensional linear elastostatics, * Weak formulations in three dimensions, * Basic rules for element construction in three-dimensions, * Assembly of the system and solution schemes, * An introduction to time-dependent problems and * An introduction to rapid computation based on domain decomposition and basic parallel processing. The approach is to introduce the basic concepts first in one-dimension, then move on to three-dimensions. A relatively informal style is adopted. This primer is intended to be a "starting point", which can be later augmented by the large array of rigorous, detailed, books in the area of Finite Element analysis. In addition to overall improvements to the first edition, this second edition also adds several carefully selected in-class exam problems from exams given over the last 15 years at UC Berkeley, as well as a large number of take-home computer projects. These problems and projects are designed to be aligned to the theory provided in the main text of this primer.

This volume contains a collection of 14 papers submitted from the below five symposia held during the 11th International Symposium on Ceramic Materials and Components for Energy and Environmental Applications (CMCEE-11), June 14-19, 2015 in Vancouver, BC, Canada: * Photocatalysts for Energy and Environmental Applications * Advanced Functional Materials, Devices, and Systems for the Environment * Geopolymers, Inorganic Polymer Ceramics and Sustainable Composites * Macroporous Ceramics For Environmental and Energy Applications * Advanced Sensors for Energy, Environment, and Health Applications

This book provides a comprehensive introduction to the mathematical theory of compressible flow, describing both inviscid and viscous compressible flow, which are governed by the Euler and the Navier-Stokes equations respectively. The method of presentation allows readers with different backgrounds to focus on various modules of the material, either in part or more fully. Chapters include detailed heuristic arguments providing motivation for technical aspects that are rigorously presented later on in the text; for instance, the existence theory for steady and unsteady Navier-Stokes equations of isentropic compressible flow, and two-by-two systems of Euler equations in one space dimension. These parts are presented in a textbook style with auxiliary material in supporting sections and appendices. The book includes a rich index and extensive bibliography, thus allowing for quick orientation among the vast collection of literature on the mathematical theory of compressible flow, as well as in the book itself.

This book presents extensive information related to the history of IUTAM. The initial chapters focus on IUTAM's history and selected organizational aspects. Subsequent chapters provide extensive data and statistics, while the closing section showcases photos from all periods of the Union's history. The history of IUTAM, the International Union on Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, began at a conference in 1922 in Innsbruck, Austria, where von Karman put forward the idea of an international congress including the whole domain of applied mechanics. In 1946 IUTAM was then formally launched in Paris/France. IUTAM has since time organized more than 24 world congresses and 380 symposia, representing all fields of mechanics and highlighting advances by prominent international researchers. The efforts of IUTAM and its about 50 member countries serve to promote the mechanical sciences and the advancement of human society, addressing many key challenges. In this context, IUTAM preserves important traditions while at the same time recognizing new challenges and adapting its structures and processes accordingly. The first edition of this book was published in 1988. This new book now offers an updated and completely revised edition reflecting the substantial developments in the interim.

Covers the advantages of using photothermal spectroscopy over conventional absorption spectroscopy, including facilitating extremely sensitive measurements and non-destructive analysis This unique guide to the application and theory of photothermal spectroscopy has been newly revised and updated to include new methods and applications and expands on applications to chemical analysis and material science. The book covers the subject from the ground up, lists all practical considerations needed to obtain accurate results, and provides a working knowledge of the various methods in use. Photothermal Spectroscopy Methods, Second Edition includes the latest methods of solid state and materials analysis, and describes new chemical analysis procedures and apparatuses in the analytical chemistry sections. It offers a detailed look at the optics, physical principles of heat transfer, and signal analysis. Information in the temperature change and optical elements in homogeneous samples and photothermal spectroscopy in homogeneous samples has been updated with a better description of diffraction effects and calculations. Chapters on analytical measurement and data processing and analytical applications are also updated and include new information on modern applications and photothermal microscopy. Finally, the Photothermal Spectroscopy of Heterogeneous Sample chapter has been expanded to incorporate new methods for materials analysis. New edition updates and expands on applications to chemical analysis and materials science, including new methods of solid state and materials analysis Includes new chemical analysis procedures and apparatuses Provides an unmatched resource that develops a consistent mathematical basis for signal description, consolidates previous theories, and provides invaluable insight into laser technology Photothermal Spectroscopy Methods, Second Edition will appeal to researchers from both academia and industry (graduate students, postdocs, research scientists, and professors) in the general field of analytical chemistry, optics, and materials science, and researchers and engineers at scientific instrument developers in fields related to photonics and spectroscopy.

Learn why ergonomics is a business solution and not a business problem The Ergonomics Edge Improving Safety, Quality, and Productivity Dan MacLeod It is time for ergonomics to be seen in its true light. Too often, the subject of ergonomics appears to be complicated, expensive, and a burden on industry. It has gained visibility because of hefty regulatory fines and product liability law-suits. As a result, many managers consider ergonomics to be just another business headache. In The Ergonomics Edge, Dan MacLeod demonstrates why ergonomics is really good news for managers, revealing how it can actually be a formidable weapon in a company’s quest to gain competitive advantage. MacLeod is one of the leading practitioners of workplace ergonomics in the U.S., and has successfully applied ergonomics in many manufacturing and service industries. He shows how improving the user-friendliness of both the workplace and a company’s end-product can lead to reduced workers’ comp, turnover, absenteeism, and other cost savings. Moreover, he reveals how ergonomics can lead to higher earnings through greater worker productivity and increased sales. Highly illustrated and written in a conversational style, The Ergonomics Edge provides a non-technical approach designed to demystify this subject that many find daunting. Section 1 presents basic ergonomic principles and discusses how these serve to enhance the functioning of any business, and goes on to show how businesses can respond to new and impending OSHA and ANSI standards in a way that promotes efficient business operation. Section 2 explores a number of specific issues, offering insight into:

• Ergonomics as an aspect of your firm’s Total Quality Management effort
• The causes and costs of cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs) and how these may be prevented
• The role of ergonomics in improving quality, productivity, and work organization
• The capacity of ergonomics to address vital human resource issues such as today’s aging work force and the rights of employees with disabilities