This book summarizes all currently available information on the ecology, environmental impacts and control methods of the golden mussel in industrial plants. The golden mussel was introduced in Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, and South America between 1965 and 1990, swiftly spreading in freshwater waterbodies. In most areas invaded it has become the dominant macroinverebrate and a major fouling pest of industrial plants. Limnoperna fortunei attaches to any hard surface, as well as to some less firm substrates. The growth of Limnoperna populations in raw cooling water conduits became a common nuisance in many industrial and power plants that use raw river or lake water for their processes, both in South America and in Asia. This work is written by experts on the golden mussel from Asia, Europe, North America and South America, each chapter critically reviews previously available information, which is in sources of limited distribution, such as internal reports and theses, in various languages.

This book presents an investigative approach to globalization-driving technologies that efficiently deliver ubiquitous, last-mile, broadband internet access to emerging markets and rural areas. Research has shown that ubiquitous internet access boosts socio-economic growth through innovations in science and technology, and has a positive effect on the lives of individuals. Last-mile internet access in developing countries is not only intended to provide areas with stable, efficient, and cost-effective broadband capabilities, but also to encourage the use of connectivity for human capacity development. The book offers an overview of the principles of various technologies, such as light fidelity and millimeter-wave backhaul, as last-mile internet solutions and describes these potential solutions from a signal propagation perspective. It also provides readers with the notional context needed to understand their operation, benefits, and limitations, and enables them to investigate feasible and tailored solutions to ensure sustainable infrastructures that are expandable and maintainable.

This book examines the issues at stake in transboundary water governance, it spotlights the Rhone River, a biophysical entity of enormous historical, political and economic importance. The Rhone has long been viewed essentially as a tool for energy production, heavily canalized and exploited by a series of dams and nuclear power plants - with the result that those who live along this great river have simply turned away. Basing their work on a detailed analysis of the history and the current management of the Rhone, the authors explore the challenges linked with transboundary river basin governance including relevant international water law, appropriation of river and river resources by Nation States. Finally, they discuss a diverse range of institutional architectures and outlines several solutions that might cope with the growing complexity of transboundary management of a major river. The book will be of interest to scholars in fields such as environment studies, water policy and Natural Resource Management, it also has relevance to water managers and entrepreneurs concerned with staying abreast of developments in water policy and governance.

This book discusses key techniques of protection and fault ride-through in VSC-HVDC grids, including high-speed selective protection, DC fault current limitation, converter restarting, and DCCB reclosing strategies. It investigates how high-speed transient-variable-based protection can be used to improve grids' acting sensitivity, acting reliability, and ability to withstand high transition resistance compared with traditional protection. In addition, it discusses the applicability of the pilot protections, including the current differential protection and travelign-wave based protection, in the dc grid, as well as the improved methods. Furthermore, it proposes several DC FCL topologies, which are suitable for DC grids. Lastly, in the context of overhead line application conditions, it explores converter restarting and DCCB reclosing strategies, which not only identify the fault property, but also limit the secondary damage to the system, improving the system's operation security and reliability. As such, the book offers a comprehensive overview of original and advanced methods and techniques for the protection of VSC-HVDC grids.

IFToMM conferences have a history of success due to the various advances achieved in the field of rotor dynamics over the past three decades. These meetings have since become a leading global event, bringing together specialists from industry and academia to promote the exchange of knowledge, ideas, and information on the latest developments in the dynamics of rotating machinery. The scope of the conference is broad, including e.g. active components and vibration control, balancing, bearings, condition monitoring, dynamic analysis and stability, wind turbines and generators, electromechanical interactions in rotor dynamics and turbochargers. The proceedings are divided into four volumes. This first volume covers the following main topics: Active Components and Vibration Control; Balancing; Bearings: Fluid Film Bearings, Magnetic Bearings, Rolling Bearings and Seals; and Blades, Bladed Systems and Impellers.

Updated with new material, this book shares the author's secrets for simplifying complex energy calculations, and shows you how to use these time-saving methods. It shows you how to cut through the maze using innovative decision-making tools to determine whether you should invest real time and money for developing details of a project being considered. There is information covered on simplified thermodynamics that gives you a blueprint for controlling the building's energy consumption. Key topics covered include the walk-through audit, pumps & fans VFD, high efficiency motors, insulation, fuel switching, heat recovery, HVAC, air compressor, "energy myths and magic". Each chapter has "Richard's Retrofit Rules" and anecdotal experience in the retrofit. There is a summary of energy calculations given by category, plus a discussion of performance guarantees that helps a building manager decide which ESCO can best deliver on their promises of energy savings.

This book critically engages with a long tradition of scholarly work that conceives of the European Union as a peculiar international actor that pursues a value-based, normatively oriented and development-friendly agenda in its relations with international partners. The EU is a pivotal player in international trade relations, holding formidable power in trade but also exercising substantial power through trade. Trade policy therefore represents a strategic field for the EU to shape its image as a healthy economy and a global power. In this field, the EU has declared a twofold ambitious goal, namely that of fostering economic growth in Europe while, at the same time, promoting development and growth abroad, both in developed and developing countries. In other words, the EU aims to increase its competitiveness in world trade while acting as an ethical and normative power. Here, Poletti and Sicurelli explore the tension between these two roles.

This book consists of peer-reviewed papers presented at the First International Conference on Intelligent Computing in Control and Communication (ICCC 2020). It comprises interesting topics in the field of applications of control engineering, communication and computing technology. As the current world is witnessing the use of various intelligent techniques for their independent problem solving, so this book may have a wide importance for all range of researchers and scholars. The book serves as a reference for researchers, professionals and students from across electrical, electronic and computer engineering disciplines.

This volume summarizes our current knowledge on different biomass-converting enzymes and their potential use in converting biomass into simple sugar to generate bioenergy and other value added co-/by products. It consists of 13 chapters and is divided into three parts: cellulases; hemicellulases; and lignocellulose oxidoreductases. Written by international experts, the contributions offer clear and concise descriptions of both standard and new technologies. It is an invaluable reference resource for undergraduates, post-graduates, researchers and practitioners in the field of microbial enzymes for biofuel and biorefinery applications.

This book introduces readers to the status quo and recent advances in China's low-carbon development. From the evolution of human civilization, to the proposal of low-carbon concepts, up to the choice of China's low-carbon path, the book provides a comprehensive review of low-carbon development, while also elaborating on the core concept, goals and methods. In addition, it addresses a series of questions and issues closely tied to today's social development, such as: "Why is it so vital to pursue low-carbon development?" and "How can China implement low-carbon development?" Accordingly, readers will gain a better grasp of low-carbon development, including low-carbon production and low-carbon lifestyles.

This book addresses energy footprints in the food and textile sectors. Each footprint case study presents essential background information and discusses the scientific consensus, methodological framework, assessment checklist, calculation tools and techniques, applications, challenges and limitations. More importantly, the book explores the application of each indicator/framework in various industrial sectors and the associated challenges, as well as outlooks for the future - essential considerations, given that energy consumption and conservation are the primary elements in any industry's sustainability strategy.

This book collects recent work presented at the 31st IPMA Congress, which was held in Merida, Mexico, from September 30th to October 2nd, 2019. It covers a range of project, programme and portfolio management contexts, with the general aim of integrating sustainability into project management. The book is structured into three parts. The first part covers concepts and approaches related to the integration of sustainability in project management. The second part presents research on integrating sustainability into project management in different industries and regions. The final part takes specific perspectives on integrating sustainability into project management related to learning and continuing competence development. The book offers a valuable resource for all researchers interested in studying the emerging trends in incorporating sustainability in project, programme and portfolio management.

This book introduces Software Thermal Management (STM) as a means of reducing power consumption in a computing system in order to manage heat, improve component reliability and increase system safety. Readers will benefit from this pragmatic guide to the field of STM for embedded systems and its catalog of software power management techniques. Since thermal management is a key bottleneck in embedded systems design, this book focuses on root cause of heat in embedded systems: power. Since software has an enormous impact on power consumption in an embedded system, this book urges software engineers to manage heat effectively by understanding, categorizing and developing new ways to reduce static and dynamic power consumption. Whereas most books on thermal management describe mechanisms to remove heat, this book focuses on ways for software engineers to avoid generating heat in the first place.

Since the Industrial Revolution, the efficiency with which energy resources are extracted and converted into work has played a prominent role in the accumulation of material wealth.The prominent role of energy resources, in conjunction with their scarcity and their uneven geographic distribution, has had significant repercussions. Collaboration, competition and conflict among nation states for energy resources have created global, geopolitical and market risks. In this volume, academic scholars and practitioners assess these risks from global, geopolitical and market perspectives. They do so by presenting empirical research and discussing our current understanding of this quickly changing and developing field.

This is the third volume in a series on energy organized by the Centre for Energy and Value Issues (CEVI). The previous volumes in the series were "Financial Aspects in Energy "(2011) and "Energy Economics and Financial Markets" (2012)."

This book presents research results of PowerWeb, TU Delft's consortium for interdisciplinary research on intelligent, integrated energy systems and their role in markets and institutions. In operation since 2012, it acts as a host and information platform for a growing number of projects, ranging from single PhD student projects up to large integrated and international research programs. The group acts in an inter-faculty fashion and brings together experts from electrical engineering, computer science, mathematics, mechanical engineering, technology and policy management, control engineering, civil engineering, architecture, aerospace engineering, and industrial design. The interdisciplinary projects of PowerWeb are typically associated with either of three problem domains: Grid Technology, Intelligence and Society. PowerWeb is not limited to electricity: it bridges heat, gas, and other types of energy with markets, industrial processes, transport, and the built environment, serving as a singular entry point for industry to the University's knowledge. Via its Industry Advisory Board, a steady link to business owners, manufacturers, and energy system operators is provided.

This book explores how African countries can convert their natural resources, particularly oil and gas, into sustainable development assets. Using Ghana, one of the continent's newest oil-producing countries, as a lens, it examines the "resource curse" faced by other producers - such as Nigeria, Angola, and Equatorial Guinea - and demonstrates how mismanagement in those countries can provide valuable lessons for new oil producers in Africa and elsewhere. Relying on a broad range of fieldwork and policymaking experience, Panford suggests practical measures for resource-rich developing countries to transform natural resources into valuable assets that can help create jobs, boost human resources, and improve living and working conditions in Ghana in particular. He suggests fiscal, legal, and environmental antidotes to resource mismanagement, which he identifies as the major obstacle to socioeconomic development in countries that have historically relied on natural resources.

The book reveals how green buildings are currently being adapted and applied in developing countries. It includes the major developing countries such as China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Pakistan, Cambodia, Ghana, Nigeria and countries from the Middle East and gathers the insights of respected green building researchers from these areas to map out the developing world's green building revolution. The book highlights these countries' contribution to tackling climate change, emphasising the green building benefits and the research behind them. The contributing authors explore how the green building revolution has spread to developing countries and how national governments have initiated their own green building policies and agendas. They also explore how the market has echoed the green building policy, and how a business case for green buildings has been established. In turn, they show how an international set of green building standards, in the form of various techniques and tools, has been incorporated into local building and construction practices. In closing, they demonstrate how the developing world is emerging as a key player for addressing the energy and environmental problems currently facing the world. The book helps developers, designers and policy-makers in governments and green building stakeholders to make better decisions on the basis of global and local conditions. It is also of interest to engineers, designers, facility managers and researchers, as it provides a holistic picture of how the industry is responding to the worldwide call for greener and more sustainable buildings.

The aim of this book is to explore science and technology from the viewpoint of creating new knowledge, as opposed to the reinterpretation of existing knowledge in ever greater but uncertain detail. Scientists and technologists make progress by distinguishing between what they regard as meaningful and what they consider as secondary or unimportant. The meaningful is dynamic; typically, the less important is static. Science and technology have made a major contribution to the culture and to the standard of living of our society. From antiquity to the present day, the most distinguished scientists and technologists have been thinkers, experimenters and persons willing and able to challenge "the obvious". Technology develops products and processes based on the breakthroughs of science. If technologists fail to steadily upgrade their skills, tools and methods, they will only be as good as their last design, risking obsolescence. Using practical examples and case studies, this book documents the correlations existing between science and technology, and elucidates these correlations with practical applications ranging from real-life situations, from R&D to energy production. As it is a salient problem, and a most challenging one to our society, power production has been chosen as a major case study. The holistic approach to science and technology followed by this text enhances the ability to deliver practical results. This book is intended for students and researchers of science, technology and mathematical analysis, while also providing a valuable reference book for professionals. Its subject is one of the most debated problems of mankind.

The author provides a full-range of cost options on how to prevent EMI: from inexpensive enclosures that are adequate for many situations to the most advanced shielding techniques used in scientific applications. This unique book will show the reader how to select the most suitable technique for the application: something that will do the job, yet avoid expensive and time-consuming "overkill." Design of Shielded Enclosures provides a variety of practical techniques that will reveal how well an enclosure is working without a lot of expensive and time-consuming tests. This book will also show how to determine when detailed testing is necessary.
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This book presents tools for valuing and controlling corporate innovation. It combines a well-established theoretical framework with case studies at Siemens that illustrate the practice of valuing and controlling innovation and underline the strong link between theoretical concepts and practical application. Innovation is a key factor determining the success of companies and since corporate innovation consumes large quantities of resources, the issue of how best to distribute these resources among different projects is crucial. For an optimal resource allocation, companies need valuation tools to assess the benefits, costs and risks of competing projects. The energy sector is an example of a market that is strongly driven by innovation, and as such the book describes the processes and the potential of digitalizing product development and outlines the valuation process for a long-term innovation project in this sector - the development of the latest Siemens gas turbine.

This book examines the energy footprints of various industrial sectors, including the bio- and hydrogen energy systems, and explores the scope for improvement, particularly in India. It focuses on the consumption and conservation of energy, which are the key elements of any industry's sustainability strategy.

This book explores local content policies and their role in natural resource management within the realm of energy justice. Based on several country case studies it discusses the role of regional integration for such policies in Sub-Saharan Africa. Energy justice has been widely applied across different aspects of development, but here the principles of justice are specifically integrated with the management and implementation of oil and gas projects. Such an analysis offers novel means of implementing policies in local regions, moving away from a one-size fits all approach that leads to the ineffective transplantation of policies from developed economies to developing Sub-Saharan economies. The book argues that with a regional approach, Sub-Saharan Africa can leverage natural resources, industrial parks, supplier clusters, regional financing mechanisms and regional training facilities which would drive down the costs of production, increase efficiency and integrate the local Sub-Saharan population into the oil and gas industry. This would result in the benefits as well as the environmental concerns and responsibilities intrinsic to these industries, being spread more equally amongst local and none local stakeholders. This book will be a valuable resource for scholars and students as well as policy makers and practitioners in the areas of extractive industry-related disciplines energy governance, and economic development in Africa.

This book presents theoretical and practical findings on the state estimation, diagnosis and control of complex systems, especially in the mathematical form of descriptor systems. The research is fully motivated by real-world applications (i.e., Barcelona's water distribution network), which require control systems capable of taking into account their specific features and the limits of operations in the presence of uncertainties stemming from modeling errors and component malfunctions. Accordingly, the book first introduces a complete set-based framework for explicitly describing the effects of uncertainties in the descriptor systems discussed. In turn, this set-based framework is used for state estimation and diagnosis. The book also presents a number of application results on economic model predictive control from actual water distribution networks and smart grids. Moreover, the book introduces a fault-tolerant control strategy based on virtual actuators and sensors for such systems in the descriptor form.

This book focuses on the assessment of different coal gasification technologies for the utilization of Russian coals with analyses of economically feasible process chains for preparation of marketable products from high-ash coals. The work presented is important in view of the general competitiveness that marks the future of coal in the world. As the cheapest form of fuel (in comparable terms) coal will undoubtedly be in demand resources in the world. The book consists of parts which include an overview about the major coal characteristics, detailed discussion of fundamental aspects of gasification technologies and gasifiers, an introduction into annex concepts, an overview about different technologies of syngas utilization, technical and economic assessment of several coal-to-liquid and coal-to-chemicals routes, and feasibility demonstration for selected process chains. This book is addressed to the management and engineers of Russian coal companies and scientific staff of Russian research institutions working in the field of coal utilization.

This book provides a rough entry into the interdisciplinary field of "Infranomics." It enables better decision making in an increasing ambiguous, complex, emergent, interdependent, and uncertain world where we attempt to anticipate modern society trends and patterns in order to react appropriately. However, as with any emerging discipline, much research is needed at the applications and conceptual level. The applications level may require development and testing of methods, tools, and techniques to enable analysis and decision-making in ambiguous, complex, emergent, interdependent, and uncertain conditions while the conceptual level may require taping into driving philosophies, theories, and methodologies that form the basis for "Infranomics." Striking the right balance between applications and conceptual foundation (theory) requires rigorous research.

This book provides a springboard for robust discussions on applications, theory, and transformation of current thinking to better deal with modern society s problematic issues using "Infranomics.""