The application of intelligent imaging techniques to industrial vision problems is an evolving aspect of current machine vision research. Machine vision is a relatively new technology, more concerned with systems engineering than with computer science, and with much to offer the manufacturing industry in terms of improving efficiency, safety and product quality. Beginning with an introductory chapter on the basic concepts, the authors develop these ideas to describe intelligent imaging techniques for use in a new generation of industrial imaging systems. Sections cover the application of AI languages such as Prolog, the use of multi-media interfaces and multi-processor systems, external device control, and colour recognition. The text concludes with a discussion of several case studies that illustrate how intelligent machine vision techniques can be used in industrial applications.

This book fills the gap between theory, available computational techniques and engineering practice in the design of electrical and electromechanical machines. The theory underlying all currently recommended computational and experimental methods is covered comprehensively, including field analysis and synthesis, magnetic fields coupled to stress and thermal fields. The book is very practically oriented and includes many examples of actual solutions to real devices.

Spread spectrum and CDMA are cutting-edge technologies widely used in operational radar, navigation and telecommunication systems and play a pivotal role in the development of the forthcoming generations of systems and networks.

This comprehensive resource presents the spread spectrum concept as a product of the advancements in wireless IT, shows "how" and "when" the classical problems of signal transmission/processing stimulate the application of spread spectrum, and clarifies the advantages of spread spectrum philosophy. Detailed coverage is provided of the tools and instruments for designing spread spectrum and CDMA signals answering "why" a designer will prefer one solution over another. The approach adopted is wide-ranging, covering issues that apply to both data transmission and data collection systems such as telecommunications, radar, and navigation.Presents a theory-based analysis complemented by practical examples and real world case studies resulting in a self-sufficient treatment of the subjectContains detailed discussions of new trends in spread spectrum technology such as multi-user reception, multicarrier modulation, OFDM, MIMO and space-time codingProvides advice on designing discrete spread spectrum signals and signal sets for time-frequency measuring, synchronization and multi-user communicationsFeatures numerous Matlab-based problems and other exercises to encourage the reader to initiate independent investigations and simulations

This valuable text provides timely guidance on the current status and future potential of spread spectrum and CDMA and is an invaluable resource for senior undergraduates and postgraduate students, lecturers and practising engineers and researchers involved in the deployment and development of spread spectrum and CDMA technology.

Supported by a Companion website on which instructors and lecturers can find a solutions manual for the problems and Matlab programming, electronic versions of some of the figures and other useful resources such as a list of abbreviations.

Split a human hair thirty thousand times, and you have the equivalent of a nanometer. The aim of this work is to provide an introduction into nanotechnology for the s- entifically interested. However, such an enterprise requires a balance between comprehensibility and scientific accuracy. In case of doubt, preference is given to the latter. Much more than in microtechnology - whose fundamentals we assume to be known - a certain range of engineering and natural sciences are interwoven in nanotechnology. For instance, newly developed tools from mechanical engine- ing are essential in the production of nanoelectronic structures. Vice versa, - chanical shifts in the nanometer range demand piezoelectric-operated actuators. Therefore, special attention is given to a comprehensive presentation of the matter. In our time, it is no longer sufficient to simply explain how an electronic device operates; the materials and procedures used for its production and the measuring instruments used for its characterization are equally important. The main chapters as well as several important sections in this book end in an evaluation of future prospects. Unfortunately, this way of separating coherent - scription from reflection and speculation could not be strictly maintained. So- times, the complete description of a device calls for discussion of its inherent - tential; the hasty reader in search of the general perspective is therefore advised to study this work's technical chapters as well.

Presents recent breakthroughs in the theory, methods, and applications of safety and risk analysis for safety engineers, risk analysts, and policy makers Safety principles are paramount to addressing structured handling of safety concerns in all technological systems. This handbook captures and discusses the multitude of safety principles in a practical and applicable manner and is organized by five overarching categories of safety principles: Safety Reserves; Information and Control; Demonstrability; Optimization; and Organizational Principles and Practices. With a focus on the structured treatment of a large number of safety principles relevant to all related fields, each chapter defines the principle in question and discusses its application as well as how it relates to other principles and terms. This treatment includes the history, the underlying theory, and the limitations and criticism of the principle. Several chapters also problematize and critically discuss the very concept of a safety principle. In addition, the book treats issues such as: What are safety principles and what roles do they have? What kinds of safety principles are there? When, if ever, should rules and principles be disobeyed? How do safety principles relate to the law; what is the status of principles in different domains? The book also features: * Insight from leading international experts on safety and reliability * Real-world applications and case studies including systems usability, verification and validation, human reliability, and safety barriers * Different taxonomies for how safety principles are categorized * Breakthroughs in safety and risk science that can significantly change, improve, and inform important practical decisions * A structured treatment of safety principles relevant to numerous disciplines and application areas in industry and other sectors of society * Comprehensive and practical coverage of the multitude of safety principles including maintenance optimization, substitution, safety automation, risk communication, precautionary approaches, non-quantitative safety analysis, safety culture, and safety management The Handbook of Safety Principles is an ideal reference and resource for professionals engaged in risk and safety analysis and research. This book is also appropriate as a graduate and PhD-level textbook for courses in risk and safety analysis, reliability, safety engineering, and risk management offered within mathematics, operations research, and engineering departments.

This book offers a broad panorama on recently achieved and potentially obtainable advances in electromagnetics with innovative IT technologies.

Simple tutorial chapters introduce cutting edge technologies. These include parallel and distributed computing, object-oriented technologies, grid computing, semantic grids, agent based computing and service-oriented architectures. The book is a unique tool bridging the gap between IT and EM communities.

Recent advances in technology, combined with the deregulation of the telecommunication market and the proliferation of the Internet, have created a highly competitive environment for communication service providers. There is no simple recipe for pricing network service contracts in all contexts. Pricing is a complex subject, which depends on parameters of the actual market - including the degree of competition and customer demand - and parameters of technology, such as resource consumption, network architecture, resource availability, and cost.

Pricing Communication Networks: Economics, Technology and Modelling covers many important issues in providing new services, the relation between pricing and resource allocation in networks, and the emergence of the Internet and its pricing. It provides a framework of mathematical models for pricing multidimensional contracts with quality of service guarantees, and includes a useful background on network services and contracts, network technology, basic economics, and pricing strategy.

• Provides a broad overview of network services and contracts.

• Includes a primer on modern network technology and the economic concepts relevant to pricing and competition.

• Discusses mathematical models for multiplexing bursty traffic flows, and applies these to measuring network capability and deriving pricing strategies for services with statistical quality guarantees.

• Discusses definitions of cost for communication networks and explains the intricacies of cost-based pricing.

• Explains congestion pricing and its potential applications in the Internet.

• Illustrated throughout by detailed examples and figures.

• Includes coverage of specialist topics, such as regulation, multicasting, interconnection, and auctions.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT FOR ON-DEMAND MISSION-CRITICAL INTERNET OF THINGS APPLICATIONS Discover an insightful and up-to-date treatment of resource management in Internet of Things technology In Resource Management for On-Demand Mission-Critical Internet of Things -Applications, an expert team of engineers delivers an insightful analytical perspective on modeling and decision support for mission-critical Internet of Things applications. The authors dissect the complex IoT ecosystem and provide a cross-layer perspective on the design and operation of IoT, especially in the context of smart and connected communities. The book offers an economic perspective on resource management in IoT systems with a particular emphasis on three main areas: spectrum management via reservation, allocation of cloud/fog resources to IoT applications, and resource provisioning to smart city service requests. It leverages theories from dynamic mechanism design, optimal control theory, and spatial point processes, providing an overview of integrated decision-making frameworks. Finally, the authors discuss future directions and relevant problems on the economics of resource management from new perspectives, like security and resilience. Readers will also enjoy the inclusion of: A thorough introduction and overview of IoT applications in smart cities, mission critical IoT services and requirements, and key metrics and research challenges A comprehensive exploration of the allocation of spectrum resources to mission critical IoT applications, including the massive surge of IoT and spectrum scarcity problem Practical discussions of the provisioning of cloud/fog computing resources to IoT applications, including allocation policy In-depth examinations of resource provisioning to spatio-temporal service requests in smart cities Perfect for engineers working on Internet of Things and cyber-physical systems, Resource Management for On-Demand Mission-Critical Internet of Things Applications is also an indispensable reference for graduate students, researchers, and professors with an interest in IoT resource management.

A revised edition of the text that offers a comparative introduction to global wireless standards, technologies, and their applications The revised and updated fourth edition of From GSM to LTE-Advanced Pro and 5G: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband offers an authoritative guide to the technical descriptions of the various wireless technologies currently in use. The author--a noted expert on the topic--explains the rationale behind their differing mechanisms and implementations while exploring the advantages and limitations of each technology. The fourth edition reflects the significant changes in mobile network technology that have taken place since the third edition was published. The text offers a new chapter on 5G NR that explores its non-standalone and standalone architecture. In the Wi-Fi chapter, additional sections focus on the new WPA3 authentication protocol, the new 802.11ax air interface and protocol extensions like 802.11k and 11v for meshed networks. This important book: Presents the various systems based on the standards, their practical implementation and design assumptions, and their performance and capacity Provides an in-depth analysis of each system in practice Offers an updated edition of the most current changes to mobile network technology Includes questions at the end of each chapter and answers on the accompanying website that make this book ideal for self-study or as course material Written for students and professionals of wireless technologies, the revised fourth edition of From GSM to LTE-Advanced Pro and 5G provides an in-depth review and description of the most current mobile networks and broadband.

129 6.2 Representation of hints. 131 6.3 Monotonicity hints .. . 134 6.4 Theory ......... . 139 6.4.1 Capacity results 140 6.4.2 Decision boundaries 144 6.5 Conclusion 145 6.6 References....... ... 146 7 Analysis and Synthesis Tools for Robust SPRness 147 C. Mosquera, J.R. Hernandez, F. Perez-Gonzalez 7.1 Introduction.............. 147 7.2 SPR Analysis of Uncertain Systems. 153 7.2.1 The Poly topic Case . 155 7.2.2 The ZP-Ball Case ...... . 157 7.2.3 The Roots Space Case ... . 159 7.3 Synthesis of LTI Filters for Robust SPR Problems 161 7.3.1 Algebraic Design for Two Plants ..... . 161 7.3.2 Algebraic Design for Three or More Plants 164 7.3.3 Approximate Design Methods. 165 7.4 Experimental results 167 7.5 Conclusions 168 7.6 References ..... . 169 8 Boundary Methods for Distribution Analysis 173 J.L. Sancho et aZ. 8.1 Introduction ............. . 173 8.1.1 Building a Classifier System . 175 8.2 Motivation ............. . 176 8.3 Boundary Methods as Feature-Set Evaluation 177 8.3.1 Results ................ . 179 8.3.2 Feature Set Evaluation using Boundary Methods: S- mary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 182 . . .

This book presents formal testplanning guidelines with examples focused on creating assertion-based verification IP. It demonstrates a systematic process for formal specification and formal testplanning, and also demonstrates effective use of assertions languages beyond the traditional language construct discussions Note that there many books published on assertion languages (such as SystemVerilog assertions and PSL). Yet, none of them discuss the important process of testplanning and using these languages to create verification IP. This is the first book published on this subject.

For a first-year graduate-level course on nonlinear systems. It may also be used for self-study or reference by engineers and applied mathematicians. The text is written to build the level of mathematical sophistication from chapter to chapter. It has been reorganized into four parts: Basic analysis, Analysis of feedback systems, Advanced analysis, and Nonlinear feedback control.

3-D Audio Using Loudspeakers is concerned with 3-D audio systems implemented using a pair of conventional loudspeakers. A well-known problem with these systems is the requirement that the listener be properly positioned for the 3-D illusion to function correctly. This book proposes using the tracked position of the listener's head to optimize the acoustical presentation, thus producing a much more realistic illusion over a larger listening area than existing loudspeaker 3-D audio systems. Head-tracking can be accomplished by applying pattern recognition techniques to images obtained from a video camera. Thus, an immersive audio environment can be created without donning headphones or other equipment. 3-D Audio Using Loudspeakers discusses the theory, implementation, and testing of a head-tracked loudspeaker 3-D audio system. Crosstalk cancellers that can be steered to the location of a tracked listener are described. The objective performance of these systems has been evaluated using simulations and acoustical measurements made at the ears of human subjects. Many sound localization experiments were also conducted; the results show that head-tracking both significantly improves localization when the listener is displaced from the ideal listening location, and also enables dynamic localization cues. Much of the theory and experimental results presented are also applicable to loudspeaker 3-D audio systems in general, not just head-tracked ones. 3-D Audio Using Loudspeakers is of interest to researchers studying virtual acoustic displays, and to engineers developing the same. The book serves as a valuable reference to anyone working in this field.

The purpose of this annual series, Applied and Computational Control, Signals, and Circuits, is to keep abreast of the fast-paced developments in computational mathematics and scientific computing and their increasing use by researchers and engineers in control, signals, and circuits. The series is dedicated to fostering effective communication between mathematicians, computer scientists, computational scientists, software engineers, theorists, and practicing engineers. This interdisciplinary scope is meant to blend areas of mathematics (such as linear algebra, operator theory, and certain branches of analysis) and computational mathematics (numerical linear algebra, numerical differential equations, large scale and parallel matrix computations, numerical optimization) with control and systems theory, signal and image processing, and circuit analysis and design. The disciplines mentioned above have long enjoyed a natural synergy. There are distinguished journals in the fields of control and systems the ory, as well as signal processing and circuit theory, which publish high quality papers on mathematical and engineering aspects of these areas; however, articles on their computational and applications aspects appear only sporadically. At the same time, there has been tremendous recent growth and development of computational mathematics, scientific comput ing, and mathematical software, and the resulting sophisticated techniques are being gradually adapted by engineers, software designers, and other scientists to the needs of those applied disciplines."

A thorough and up-to-date introduction to solid-state sensors, materials, fabrication processes, and applications Solid-State Sensors provides a comprehensive introduction to the field, covering fundamental principles, underlying theories, sensor materials, fabrication technologies, current and possible future applications, and more. Presented in a clear and accessible format, this reader-friendly textbook describes the fundamentals and classification of all major types of solid-state sensors, including piezoresistive, capacitive, thermometric, optical bio-chemical, magnetic, and acoustic-based sensors. Throughout the text, the authors offer insight into how different solid-state methods complement each other as well as their respective advantages and disadvantages in relation to specific devices and a variety of state-of-the-art applications. Detailed yet concise chapters include numerous visual illustrations and comparative tables of different subtypes of sensors for a given application. With in-depth discussion of recent developments, current research, and key challenges in the field of solid-state sensors, this volume: Describes solid-state sensing parameters and their importance in sensor characterization Explores possible future applications and breakthroughs in associated fields of research Covers the fundamental principles and relevant equations of sensing phenomena Discusses promising smart materials that have the potential for sensing applications Includes an overview of the history, classification, and terminology of sensors With well-balanced coverage of the fundamentals of sensor design, current and emerging applications, and the most recent research developments in the field, Solid-State Sensors is an excellent textbook for advanced students and professionals in disciplines such as Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, and Biomedical Engineering.

By outlining how reliability engineering practices fit within a product development program, the reader will have a better understanding of how roles and goals align with the program and how this applies to their specific role. Reliability Culture: How Leaders Build Organizations that Create Reliable Products, will help readers develop a deep understanding of reliability, including what it really means for organizations, how to implement it in daily operations, and, most importantly, how to build a culture that is centered around reliability and can generate impressive profits. When senior leaders work toward reliability, product details often get lost in translation. This book will enable organizations to overcome this problem by showing leaders how their actions truly affect product development. They will be introduced to new methods that will immediately enable them to have carefully crafted product specifications translated into matching, highly reliable products. This book will also be a breath of fresh air for reliability engineers and managers; they will see their daily struggle identified and will learn new methods for advancing their passionate struggle. These new methods will be clearly explained, so readers can begin the important process of incorporating and promoting reliability in their organizations. Benefits of this book include: For the organizational leader, this book provides tools for aligning reliability objectives and methods with the company s business and brand goals For the reliability engineer, this book identifies and proposes solutions for integrating their discipline within the larger program objective and activities Engineers and leaders alike will benefit from detailed discussions of product negotiation, program assessment, culture change methods, and more All readers will understand the progression of product design methods over the previous decades, including how market acceptance is changing Reliability Culture: How Leaders Build Organizations that Create Reliable Products is intended for a broad audience that includes organizational leaders, engineers of all disciplines, project managers, and business development partners. The book is aimed at outlining how reliability engineering practices fit with all program activities, so any team members will benefit.

This book is a compilation of chapters on various aspects of Ultra Wideband. The book includes chapters on Ultra Wideband transceiver implementations, pulse-based systems and one on the implementation for the WiMedia/MBOFDM approach. Another chapter discusses the implementation of the physical layer baseband, including the ADC and post-ADC processing required in the UWB system. Future advances such as multiantenna UWB solutions are also discussed.

Provides information needed to design millimeter-wave microstrip and printed circuit antennas from analysis methods and materials selection to antennas for particular applications. Special focus is given to the issues that impact the ability to scale microwave frequency designs to the millimeter-wav

The book has a dual purpose. The first is to expose a general methodology to solve problems of electromagnetism in geometries constituted of angular regions. The second is to bring the solutions of some canonical problems of fundamental importance in modern electromagnetic engineering with the use of the Wiener-Hopf technique. In particular, the general mathematical methodology is very ingenious and original. It is based on sophisticated and attractive procedures exploiting simple and advanced properties of analytical functions. Once the reader has acquired the methodology, they can easily obtain the solution of the canonical problems reported in the book. The book can be appealing also to readers who are not directly interested in the detailed mathematical methodology and/ or in electromagnetics. In fact the same methodology can be extended to acoustics and elasticity problems. Moreover, the proposed practical problems with their solutions constitute a list of reference solutions and can be of interest in engineering production in the field of radio propagations, electromagnetic compatibility and radar technologies.

Elicitation is the process of extracting expert knowledge about some unknown quantity or quantities, and formulating that information as a probability distribution. Elicitation is important in situations, such as modelling the safety of nuclear installations or assessing the risk of terrorist attacks, where expert knowledge is essentially the only source of good information. It also plays a major role in other contexts by augmenting scarce observational data, through the use of Bayesian statistical methods. However, elicitation is not a simple task, and practitioners need to be aware of a wide range of research findings in order to elicit expert judgements accurately and reliably. "Uncertain Judgements" introduces the area, before guiding the reader through the study of appropriate elicitation methods, illustrated by a variety of multi-disciplinary examples.

This is achieved by:

Presenting a methodological framework for the elicitation of expert knowledge incorporating findings from both statistical and psychological research. Detailing techniques for the elicitation of a wide range of standard distributions, appropriate to the most common types of quantities. Providing a comprehensive review of the available literature and pointing to the best practice methods and future research needs. Using examples from many disciplines, including statistics, psychology, engineering and health sciences. Including an extensive glossary of statistical and psychological terms.

An ideal source and guide for statisticians and psychologists with interests in expert judgement or practical applications of Bayesian analysis, "Uncertain Judgements" will also benefit decision-makers, risk analysts, engineers and researchers in the medical and social sciences.

The idea of writing this book orIgmates from a suggestion of Bernard Sapoval: "Why don't you write it?" he asked. "Coulomb screening is a problem that everybody encounters in many different contexts, and there is no textbook that gathers the various aspects ofthe subject. " The content ofthe book, in a shorter form, was first taught for four years as a course in Dipl6me d'Etudes Approfondies Sciences des Materiaux, headed by Prof. J. -F. Petroff, at Paris VI University. The present extended version was written after discussions with Alia Margolina-Litvin. An essential feature of screening is its role in many different scientific areas. For that reason, the book is intended for use by a multidisciplinary readership. Reading it requires only a basic knowledge ofelectromagnetism, elementary quantum mechanics, and thermal physics. The spirit of the pre sentation is "simplicity first": new concepts (e. g. , dielectric function) are first introduced in their most elementary form and are progressively extended to more generality. The book stays at a basic level, and additional abstract developments that might have been included have been either omitted, rele gated to an appendix, or summarized in a qualitative manner. Apart from these restrictions, care has been taken to keep the presentation as rigorous as possible: the topics addressed are dealt with quantitatively, the results are given in mathematical form, and the interested reader should be able to fol low the algebra all the way through.

Digital holography and its application to 3-D display is one of the formidable problems of evolving areas of high technology to receive great attention in recent years. This book offers a collection of key chapters that covers digital holography and 3-D display techniques to provide the state-of-the-art developments in these important areas. The book contains research material as well as reviews, new ideas and fresh insights.