This book presents the proceedings of the Joint Conference of the Asian Council on Ergonomics and Design and Southeast Asian Network of Ergonomics Societies (ACED SEANES), held on December 2-4, 2020. By highlighting the latest theories and models, as well as cutting-edge technologies and applications, and by combining findings from a range of disciplines including engineering, design, robotics, healthcare, management, computer science, human biology and behavioral science, it provides researchers and practitioners alike with a comprehensive, timely guide on human factors and ergonomics. It also offers an excellent source of innovative ideas to stimulate future discussions and developments aimed at applying knowledge and techniques to optimize system performance, while at the same time promoting the health, safety and wellbeing of individuals. The proceedings include papers from researchers and practitioners, scientists and physicians, institutional leaders, managers and policy makers that contribute to constructing the Human Factors and Ergonomics approach across a variety of methodologies, domains and productive sectors.

Very timely to the region - "The ageing of the world's population is rapidly growing primarily due to an increase in life expectancy as well as to declining fertility rates. The 2016 Population Data Sheet by United Nations ESCAP disclosed that approximately 16% (1.3 billion) of the population in the Asia-Pacific Region would be 60 years or older by 2050. All countries, including those in Asia, are facing significant challenges (social, economic and political) with this rapid demographic transition characterized by reductions in infectious and acute diseases overshadowed by the rapid emergence of non-communicable and degenerative diseases."

Every year, around the world, between 250,000 and 500,000 people suffer a spinal cord injury (SCI). Those with an SCI are two to five times more likely to die prematurely than people without a spinal cord injury, with worse survival rates in low- and middle-income countries. Dynamic aerobic requires integrated physiologic responses across the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, autonomic, pulmonary, thermoregulatory, and immunologic systems. Moreover, regular aerobic exercise beneficially impacts these same systems, reducing the risk for a range of diseases and maladies. This book will present comprehensive information on the unique physiologic effects of SCI and the potential role of exercise in treating and mitigating these effects. In addition, it will incorporate work from scientists across a number of disciplines and have contributors at multiple levels of investigation and across physiologic systems. Furthermore, SCI can be considered an accelerated form of aging due to the severely restricted physical inactivity imposed, usually at an early age. Therefore, the information presented may have a broader importance to the physiology of aging as it relates to inactivity. Lastly, the need for certain levels of regular aerobic exercise to engender adaptations beneficial to health is not altered by the burden of an SCI. Indeed, the amounts of exercise necessary may be even greater than the able-bodied due to 'passive' ambulation. This book will also address the potential health benefits for those with an SCI that can be realized if a sufficient exercise stimulus is provided.

Health Care Today in the United States details the complexities of health care in the United States and provides readers with up-to-date information on the state of health care, its challenges, and how to navigate the system. Sections cover patient populations, diverse cultures, legalities, the opioid epidemic, the impact of COVID-19, health care costs, insurance and the impact of technology on health care. Written for students seeking a health science degree, as well as health care professionals, nurses, medical students, and those in the field of public health, this book provides a comprehensive view of health care in the U.S.

This handbook provides a review of relevant topics concerning the interface between culture and mental health, with a particular focus on child-rearing practices and transcultural issues in the perinatal period, infancy, and early childhood. It discusses how to work with infants and families from diverse backgrounds and addresses the most common issues that medical and mental health experts may encounter when working with individuals from other cultures. Chapters examine the considerable range of child-rearing strategies and how families from various cultural groups approach issues such as infant sleep, feeding practices, and care during pregnancy. In addition, chapters address conditions that are seen mostly within a particular sociocultural context and are "culture bound" syndromes or states. The handbook concludes with the editors' recommendations for future research directions. Topics featured in this handbook include: Prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping within the clinical field. Cultural responses to infant crying and irritability. Cultural issues in response to chronic conditions and malformations in infancy. The healthy immigrant effect. The use of folk and traditionally therapeutic remedies. The Clinical Handbook of Transcultural Infant Mental Health is an essential resource for researchers, clinicians and related professionals, and graduate students in infancy and early child development, child and school psychology, pediatrics, social work, obstetrics, and nursing.

Provides an accessible and comprehensive guide to the field of social marketing via 100 case studies from around the world related to multiple sectors including public health, injury prevention, environmental protection, community engagement, financial well-being, and education. Utilizes a common structure for each case study to give the reader a clear sense of how success in social marketing may best to achieved in a wide variety of disciplinary and national contexts. Issues addressed include public health (opioid use, mental health, COVID-19) , injury prevention (gun violence, youth suicide, texting while driving), environmental protection (wildfires, bicycle transportation in urban areas, food waste), community engagement (homelessness, racially motivated violence, voting) financial wellbeing (microfinance, savings, employment), and educational achievement (early childhood education, college applications, female participation in STEM programs), to name but a few.

This volume examines the undesirable or harmful cognitive, emotional and behavioural side-effects of COVID-19 and of the behavioural restrictions imposed by governments on their populations during the pandemic. Societal "lockdowns" and other intervening behavioural restrictions, built significantly around social isolation, used by governments to control the spread of COVID-19 disrupted the lives of most people. There were economic costs for many as workplaces closed down, as well as severe stresses on friendships and romantic relationships, an increase in instances of abuse and domestic violence, and concerns about people drinking too much alcohol or gambling too much as compensatory behaviours. Understanding which people were at risk, and in what ways, could teach important lessons for the future. Presenting a timely review of the most recent international research and evidence, author Barrie Gunter assesses the major collateral, psychological side-effects of the pandemic. Looking forward, Gunter also considers how new models might be developed that take into account not just the need to halt the spread of a new virus, but also minimise collateral damage which could be every bit as severe in both the short term and long term. Identifying and analysing the nature and severity of collateral side-effects of pandemic-related behaviour restrictions, this is essential reading for students and researchers in psychology, public health and medical sciences and policymakers assessing government strategies, responses and performance.

This volume examines the undesirable or harmful cognitive, emotional and behavioural side-effects of COVID-19 and of the behavioural restrictions imposed by governments on their populations during the pandemic. Societal "lockdowns" and other intervening behavioural restrictions, built significantly around social isolation, used by governments to control the spread of COVID-19 disrupted the lives of most people. There were economic costs for many as workplaces closed down, as well as severe stresses on friendships and romantic relationships, an increase in instances of abuse and domestic violence, and concerns about people drinking too much alcohol or gambling too much as compensatory behaviours. Understanding which people were at risk, and in what ways, could teach important lessons for the future. Presenting a timely review of the most recent international research and evidence, author Barrie Gunter assesses the major collateral, psychological side-effects of the pandemic. Looking forward, Gunter also considers how new models might be developed that take into account not just the need to halt the spread of a new virus, but also minimise collateral damage which could be every bit as severe in both the short term and long term. Identifying and analysing the nature and severity of collateral side-effects of pandemic-related behaviour restrictions, this is essential reading for students and researchers in psychology, public health and medical sciences and policymakers assessing government strategies, responses and performance.

This book presents the background and context of an urban health issue, research findings, and recommendations for policy/decision-makers and action-takers. This book is a collection of policy briefs produced from research presented at the 16th Conference on Urban Health in Xiamen, China, during November 4-8, 2019, under the theme "People Oriented Urbanisation: Transforming Cities for Health and Well-Being," co-organized by the Urban Health and Wellbeing (UHWB) programme of the International Science Council (ISC), The 15th Annual Session of Global Forum on Human Settlements in Shenzhen, China, during October 15-16, 2020, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences & Technology (CAST) International Conference on "Digital economy and green development" held during November 2020. The UHWB programme takes an interdisciplinary, cross-sectoral, and systemic view on issues of health and well-being in cities which include the urban economy and finance systems, education, employment, mobility and transport, food, energy and water resources, access to public services, urban planning, public spaces and urban green, as well as social inclusion. Contributions to this book have been made by scientists from multidisciplinary research fields. The policy briefs in this book provide an interdisciplinary and cross-sectoral perspective on urban health and human well-being issues, primarily food security, urban infrastructure, public services, traffic and transportation, smart city building, urban health and safety, social cohesion sustainable development policies, and urban planning. In some case, it informs about urban health issues in different regions of the world, the current status, and key insights into addressing related issues, with emphasis on factual cases in the current COVID-19 pandemic. The book is intended for citizens and political decision-makers, who are interested in systems perspectives on urban health and well-being, examples of how to deal with the increasing complexity of cities and the accompanying environmental and social impacts of increasing urbanization. Furthermore, it hopes to inspire decision-makers to facilitate finding solutions, in order to reach the goal of advancing global urban health and well-being.

Key Features Provides practical therapeutic advice including deprescribing decisions for all medication types. Presents statistics in more clinically meaningful ways - i.e. number needed to treat and no p-values, to aid the process of shared decision-making for clinicians and professionals. Includes 200 revised questions and answers throughout the text in the 'best of five' format suitable for the SCE and similar higher-training exams.

Australia has one of the harshest immigration detention regimes in the world, labelled cruel and degrading and a crime against humanity; these policies have been widely condemned. This book calls for a shift in how the healthcare community approaches Australian immigration detention, calling for non-violent resistance to be incorporated in future efforts that seek change. Fundamentally, such an approach recognizes that if change is to be realized a shift is needed beyond evidence and reasoned argument; future efforts need to confront injustice, resisting and undermining what creates and sustains these policies. This book provides a rationale for such action and considers the justification of three different 'types' of action in detail; strike action, whistleblowing and principles disobedience.

This book examines innovative approaches to the use of qualitative methods in mental health research. It describes the development and use of methods of data collection and analysis designed. These methods address contemporary and interdisciplinary research questions, such as how to access the voices of vulnerable populations, understand the relationship between experience and discourse, and identify processes and patterns that characterize institutional practices. The book offers insight into projects that reflect various cultural contexts and geographical locations as well as involve diverse research teams, ranging in their methodology from individual case studies to community-based interventions. Chapters address how research method selection needs to be tailored to specific contexts within which studies are carried out and how synthesizing diverse perspectives of different disciplines - such as psychology, sociology, linguistics, history, and art - make a research endeavor more fruitful. The book offers a clear framework in which to assess the research presented in the book as well as map future directions for qualitative methodology in mental health research. Key areas of coverage include projects that describe research with: * Individuals confronted with critical life events. * Former psychiatric patients. * Individual and couple psychotherapy clients. * Clients in a forensic setting. * Persons affected by psychosis. * Dementia patients. * People living with cancer. * Health care professionals. Qualitative Research Methods in Mental Health is a valuable resource for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as therapists and other professionals in clinical and counseling psychology, psychotherapy, social work, and family therapy as well as all interrelated psychology and medical disciplines. Chapter 10, "Engraved in the Body: Ways of Reading Finnish People's Memories of Mental Hospitals" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

A comprehensive textbook providing a complete overview of the multifaceted nature of public health practice. It explores all aspects of public health from communities and wider society, child development and early relationships, inequalities in health, safeguarding, the rapidly changing nature of society and the significance of culture, equality and diversity. The book takes a life-span approach and makes direct links to the UK health and social care context and has been written for an interprofessional audience. It will be essential reading for health and social care students including nurses and midwives, allied health care professionals, social care workers, qualified health and social care practitioners and anyone who plays a role in understanding, promoting, and protecting public health. Key features: Comprehensive, wide-ranging coverage Addresses the realities of public health in a globalised world Applied to the UK four nation context but also considers the global dimension of public health practice

This book examines the long term consequences of improvements in life expectancy in the mid 20th century which are partly responsible for the growth of the elderly population in the developing world. Rapid demographic changes in child and infant mortality due to the reduction in and better treatment of disease were not often accompanied by parallel increases in standard of living. Lower mortality led to greater survival by those who had suffered poor early life conditions. As a consequence, the early life of these survivors may explain older adult health and in particular the projected increase in adult health disease and diabetes. Recent dietary changes may only compound such early life effects. This study presents findings from historical and survey data on nearly 147,000 older adults in 20 low-, middle- and high-income countries which suggest that the survivors of poor early life conditions born during the 1930s-1960s are susceptible to disease later in life, specifically diabetes and heart disease. As the evidence that the aging process is shaped throughout the entire life course increases, this book adds to the knowledge regarding early life events and older adult health.

This edited volume focuses on the lived experiences of children during the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in the spring of 2020, their knowledge and emotional reactions, the adjustments they made in their everyday lives, and the strengths and skills they developed in response. A central theme of inquiry is the place media held in all of these aspects: the roles they played for children's informational, emotional, and social needs, how these have changed under the pandemic circumstances, and the media competencies children developed in utilizing and controlling the media in their lives. The book is based on responses of 4,200 children ages 9-13 to an international survey administered in 42 countries as well as additional complementaries localized studies. Comparative dimensions are central to this unique collection of chapters, along geographical and cultural lines, as well as gender, age, class, health, and refugee status. With 40 authors from around the world, this book highlights the potential of media to assist children and their families in times of crisis as well as their potential drawbacks. Lessons learned for future crises are outlined in the concluding chapter of this book, which will be an asset to scholars of children's wellbeing as well as professionals of media for children, educators, and parents.

Although efforts have been made and continue to be made to reduce the rate of HIV transmission in the U.S. and globally, the rates continue to increase in the majority of countries. In the U.S., members of minority communities remain especially at risk of HIV transmission. An individual's discovery that he or she has contracted HIV, or that a loved one has contracted the illness, often raises significant issues that necessitate interaction with mental health professionals. Mental Health Practitioner's Guide to HIV/AIDS serves as a quick desk reference for professionals who may be less familiar with the terminology used in HIV/AIDS care and services.

The fur trade is a multi-million-dollar industry. It is estimated that over 100 million animals are killed in fur farms worldwide annually. This book provides an in-depth analysis of the state of fur factory farming worldwide, and an ethical critique of the main arguments propounded by the fur industry. Consideration is also given to an attempt to justify fur farming through the concept of "Welfur." Andrew Linzey and Clair Linzey argue that from any ethical perspective, fur factory farming fails basic moral tests.

Very timely to the region - "The ageing of the world's population is rapidly growing primarily due to an increase in life expectancy as well as to declining fertility rates. The 2016 Population Data Sheet by United Nations ESCAP disclosed that approximately 16% (1.3 billion) of the population in the Asia-Pacific Region would be 60 years or older by 2050. All countries, including those in Asia, are facing significant challenges (social, economic and political) with this rapid demographic transition characterized by reductions in infectious and acute diseases overshadowed by the rapid emergence of non-communicable and degenerative diseases."

Death is something we mourn or fear as the worst thing that could happen-whether the deaths of close ones, the deaths of strangers in reported accidents or tragedies, or our own. And yet, being dead is something that no one can experience and live to describe. This simple truth raises a host of difficult philosophical questions about the negativity surrounding our sense of death, and how and for whom exactly it is harmful. The question of whether death is bad has occupied philosophers for centuries, and the debate emerging in philosophical literature is referred to as the "badness of death." Are deaths primarily negative for the survivors, or does death also affect the deceased? What are the differences between death in fetal life, just after birth, or in adolescence? In order to properly evaluate deaths in global health, we must find answers to these questions. In this volume, leading philosophers, medical doctors, and economists discuss different views on how to evaluate death and its relevance for health policy. This includes theories about the harm of death and its connections to population-level bioethics. For example, one of the standard views in global health is that newborn deaths are among the worst types of death, yet stillbirths are neglected. This raises difficult questions about why birth is so significant, and several of the book's authors challenge this standard view. This is the first volume to connect philosophical discussions on the harm of death with discussions on population health, adjusting the ways in which death is evaluated. Changing these evaluations has consequences for how we prioritize different health programs that affect individuals at different ages, as well as how we understand inequality in health.

This book tells the fascinating story of the relationship of tobacco products to cancer, from the first discoveries to the present day cancer pandemic and regulatory activities. Although there are already excellent books and monographs on this topic, both in the popular press and as government summaries, none relate the scientific story at the level of non-specialist graduate and medical students, researchers, or educated popular science readers. In this book, with a primary focus on the United States, the editors - Stephen S Hecht and Dorothy K Hatsukami - bring together 24 renowned experts on the subject of tobacco and cancer to summarize specific aspects of this critical topic in relatively non-technical terms while also incorporating some personal insights related to the story of the discovery process. This highly authoritative book is also expected to be an excellent teaching tool and basis for a course for graduate and medical students on this important topic.

This book examines the health/fitness interaction in an historical context. Beginning in primitive hunter-gatherer communities, where survival required adequate physical activity, it goes on to consider changes in health and physical activity at subsequent stages in the evolution of "civilization." It focuses on the health impacts of a growing understanding of medicine and physiology, and the emergence of a middle-class with the time and money to choose between active and passive leisure pursuits. The book reflects on urbanization and industrialization in relation to the need for public health measures, and the ever-diminishing physical demands of the work-place. It then evaluates the attitudes of prelates, politicians, philosophers and teachers at each stage of the process. Finally, the book explores professional and governmental initiatives to increase public involvement in active leisure through various school, worksite, recreational and sports programmes.

The global rise in pandemics, most recently COVID-19, and other health challenges, some of which are due to climate change, have imposed significant challenges on the healthcare systems in economies around the world. Thus, this book deals with an issue that is very timely and relevant, not just in Africa but globally. It critically assesses healthcare reforms in Ghana under the Fourth Republic, since 1993. Although it focuses on Ghana's National Health Insurance Scheme of 2003, the book instructively goes beyond this program. The book argues that, although Ghana is a bellwether of healthcare reforms in Africa, its healthcare initiatives are still far from the service haven of healthcare as a human right. Themes that animate the book's argument include the need to translate human rights law, such as the right to health, into practical policies that work for ordinary citizens. Key highlights of the book include an increased accent on health as a human right, emphasis on comparative analysis in healthcare studies, and the formulation of a four-hallmark framework, embedded in economics, law, politics, and human rights, to act as a guide for assessment of healthcare reforms in Africa in particular, and Ghana more specifically. Using Ghana as a case study and analytical window into the world, the book offers a valuable and timely resource for academics, students and policymakers across the disciplines of development and healthcare economics, law, public policy, political science, sociology, and African and Caribbean studies, as well as in various fields in health science.

S. Irudaya Rajan's 'India Migration Report 2021', - Presents a detailed study on the health of migrants. It brings to the fore the health status of the migrant population both before the pandemic and during the pandemic; - Discusses the ease of healthcare access for migrant workers; the role of decentralisation and local self-government institutions in enabling health systems to address health problems of migrants; - Examines the major challenges faced by migrant labourers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic; - will be of interest to scholars and researchers of development studies, economics, demography, sociology and social anthropology, and migration and diaspora studies.

Syringe exchange programs and safe injection services are outside-the-box interventions increasingly being used by governments, nonprofits and citizens to address dire issues percolating in tandem with America's burgeoning opioid epidemic. People who inject drugs (PWID)-almost a million Americans annually-commonly use painkillers such as heroin and fentanyl, as well as methamphetamine, benzodiazepines, barbiturates and cocaine. Yet the users themselves are often obscured or marginalized by the bigger picture. This collection of essays covers policies and practices aimed at preventing both opioid-related deaths and related infections of hepatitis and HIV.