Applying multimodal textual analysis to the languages and images of online communication forms, Kay Richardson shows, from an applied linguistic perspective, how the Internet is being used for global, interactive communication about public health risks. Detailed case studies of the possible risks posed by SARS, by mobile phones and by the vaccination of babies against childhood diseases are situated within the context of research on computer-mediated communication, as well as within the broader social context of globalization and discourses of risk and trust.

Since it was founded in 1930, the W.K. Kellogg Foundation has helped to develop health initiatives based on the premise that if given the tools, individuals, institutions, and communities will make changes for the better. As a reflection of that philosophy, the Kellogg Foundation funded the Community Partnerships with Health Professions Education initiative to seek new approaches to educating primary care practitioners by linking universities and communities. Building Partnerships is the first book to report on this five-year initiative. Written in accessible language, the book is filled with real-life stories and situations that suggest the scope and variety of the partnerships and the diversity of the people who are creating them. By illuminating the Community Partnerships model, Building Partnerships suggests ways community members, academe, and policy makers at multiple levels can lead educational reform in health professions education.

A growing body of research identifies strong links between children's health, social and educational outcomes; it also notes the reciprocal benefits of access to quality education on individual and family health status. In response to these findings, the World Health Organization developed the concept of the Health-Promoting School (HPS), a living catalyst for healthy lives, and for positive changes that students can take home and into the community. Case Studies in Global School Health Promotion provides readers with a theoretical and research base needed to understand the methods used in communities all over the world to put this captivating concept in place.

Case examples from over two dozen countries (representing urban and rural areas in developing and developed nations) outline the strategies taken to implement HPS programs in individual schools, municipalities, and nations. For each program, case study authors explain the problems they tackled, their motivation and supports to respond creatively; and the barriers they faced. In the cases, authors describe the capacities and infrastructure they created and mechanisms for cooperation; as well as the personnel, financial, and time requirements involved. Case studies were drawn from the following regions:

Case Studies in Global School Health Promotion offers a world of insights, ideas, and guidance to those addressing social determinants of health at this formative stage, including: education and health policy makers; professionals and administrators; and researchers in national governments, universities, local schools, community, non-governmental organizations and civil society. The material provides interesting and useful information to those dedicated to these issues within WHO, FRESH Partners and other United Nations agencies. It is also an instructive text for graduate students in public health, education, allied health professions and social sciences.

This wide-ranging volume reviews the experience and treatment of HIV/AIDS in rural America at the clinical, care system, community, and individual levels. Rural HIV-related phenomena are explored within healthcare contexts (physician shortages, treatment disparities) and the social environment (stigma, the opioid epidemic), and contrasted with urban frames of reference. Contributors present latest findings on HIV medications, best practices, and innovative opportunities for improving care and care settings, plus invaluable first-person perspective on the intersectionality of patient subpopulations. These chapters offer both seasoned and training practitioners a thorough grounding in the unique challenges of providing appropriate and effective services in the region. Featured topics include: Case study: Georgia's rural vs. non-rural populations HIV medications: how they work and why they fail Pediatric/adolescent HIV: legal and ethical issues Our experience: HIV-positive African-American women in the Deep South Learning to age successfully with HIV Bringing important detail to an often-marginalized population, HIV/AIDS in Rural Communities will interest and inspire healthcare practitioners including physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, pharmacists, case managers, psychologists, social workers, counselors, and family therapists, as well as educators, students, persons living with HIV, advocates, community leaders, and policymakers.

War related separations challenge military families in many ways. The worry and uncertainty associated with absent family members exacerbates the challenges of personal, social, and economic resources on the home front. U.S. military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan have sent a million service personnel from the U.S. alone into conflict areas leaving millions of spouses, children and others in stressful circumstances. This is not a new situation for military families, but it has taken a toll of magnified proportions in recent times. In addition, medical advances have prolonged the life of those who might have died of injuries. As a result, more families are caring for those who have experienced amputation, traumatic brain injury, and profound psychological wounds. The Department of Defence has launched unprecedented efforts to support service members and families before, during, and after deployment in all locations of the country as well as in remote locations. Stress in U.S. Military Families brings together an interdisciplinary group of experts from the military to the medical to examine the issues of this critical problem. Its goal is to review the factors that contribute to stress in military families and to point toward strategies and policies that can help. Covering the major topics of parenting, marital functioning, and the stress of medical care, and including a special chapter on single service members, it serves as a comprehensive guide for those who will intervene in these problems and for those undertaking their research.

Many of the changes occurring within medicine are being catalyzed by the proliferation of professional and social activity with the internet and mobile technology. Understanding of the way in which healthcare is being transformed by IT is key in the improvement of medical standards and reduction of cost. This book presents the current and future trends in the transformation of healthcare services in the Information Society Era.

The synergy between computer technology and medical services has opened fascinating new possibilities for benefit in areas such as continuing care, chronic disease treatment and old people home monitoring, bringing with it the promise of essential changes in existing models of care delivery and system performance. This book addresses the priorities within international informatics and presents a complete and thorough survey of the most promising e-health technologies. This is illustrated with the inclusion of case reports indentifying real applications of the techniques, with the focus on providing an integrated overview of e-health, and the medical, sociological and technical aspects.

The authorsa (TM) primary objective has been to provide an in-depth study of internet-enhanced healthcare services, while mobile technology is also reviewed in the context of modern wireless technologies. The authors have provided a unique analysis of the evolution of healthcare services. The book is illustrated by numerous examples and comes together to provide a valuable set of tele-care solutions available to modern informatics practice.

The promise and prospects for mobile technologies in healthcare service delivery-particularly as experienced by patients and other users-are the focus of this forward-looking volume. Its detailed sociotechnical perspective takes in factors influencing patient and provider adoption of technological advances, in addition to the well-known cost and accessibility advantages. Enlightening reports show mobile health technologies in multiple contexts as an impetus for behavioral change, a means of monitoring health changes, a growing trend in service delivery, and an emerging health frontier worldwide. Together, these chapters point to the continued expansion-and global reach-of mobile technology in the next stage of healthcare services. Included in the coverage: Behavior change techniques used in mobile applications targeting physical activity: a systematic review Mobile health integration in pregnancy Unintended users, uses, and consequences of mobile weight loss apps: using eating disorders as a case study Intention vs. perception: understanding the differences in physicians' attitudes towards mobile health applications HealthGuide: a personalized mobile patient guidance system Adoption of sensors in mobile health Current and Emerging mHealth Technologies is salient reading for researchers interested in mobile health development and implementation as well as technology adoption, and mobile health system developers and managers who are interested in the implications of mobile health use by patients and/or healthcare professionals. It can also be used for courses in technology adoption and health technologies.

Catastrophe Modeling: A New Approach to Managing Risk is the first book that systematically analyzes how catastrophe models can be used for assessing and managing risks of extreme events. It focuses on natural disaster risk, but also discusses the management of terrorism risk. A unique feature of this book is the involvement of three leading catastrophe modeling firms, AIR Worldwide, EQECAT, and Risk Management Solutions, who examine the role of catastrophe modeling in rate setting, portfolio management and risk financing.

Using data from three model cities (Oakland, CA, Long Beach, CA and Miami/Dade County, FLA), experts from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania examine the role of catastrophe modeling to develop risk management strategies for reducing and spreading the losses from future disasters. Given the uncertainties associated with terrorism the book points out the opportunities for utilizing catastrophe models to set insurance rates and to examine public-private partnerships for providing financial assistance in the event of a terrorist attack.

"This book fills a critical need in setting forth the role of modern risk analysis in managing catastrophe risk. There is no comparable reference work for this important subject area. The book is well written and well organized. It contains contributions from many of the most distinguished experts in the fields of risk analysis and risk management. It strikes a good balance between the technical aspects of the subject and the practical aspects of decision making."

"This book is strongly recommended for individuals who must make decisions regarding the management of impacts of catastrophe risks including those in both the public and private sector."

Wilfred D. Iwan
Professor of Applied Mechanics, Emeritus
Director, Earthquake Engineering Research Laboratory
California Institute of Technology

"The authors have captured the essence of catastrophe modeling: its value, its utility and its limitations. Every practitioner in the catastrophe risk field should read this book."

Franklin W. Nutter, President
Reinsurance Association of America

¿Drs. Franco and Rohan bring together a timely and comprehensive set of reviews describing the biologic basis of carcinogenesis, issues related to measurement and interpretation of cancer precursors, site specific precancerous conditions, and control of cancer precursors ¿The book has several important strengths, most notably the wealth of current information on cancer precursors and related topics provided by an impressive cast of cancer researchers. ¿ it effectively provides specific and compelling reasons for studying cancer precursors, the most up-to-date and comprehensive collection of reviews on the topic, and a realistic picture of the complexities facing research of cancer precursors.¿ ¿American Journal of Epidemiology "In this book, Drs. Franco and Rohan have succeeded in preparing a comprehensive, timely, and critical review of the substantial progress that has been made in our understanding of cancer precursors. They have enlisted experts in the field who have contributed authoritative chapters to a wide variety of cancers with emphasis on the etiology and natural history, including the role of environmental and heritable factor that provoke normal cells to undergo malignant transformation. Epidemiologic data are linked whenever possible to molecular as well as clasical cellular pathology, providing a fuller understanding of the casual events and mechanisms that initiate the carcinogenic process." -From the Foreward by Joseph F. Fraumeni, Jr., M.D., M.S. Director, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Rockville, MD This book provides an overview of the progress made in the last few years on the epidemiology, detection methods, and preventive stategies for cancer precursors. Contributors to the 25 chapters are among the world's most knowledgeable scientists in the areas of molecular pathology, epidemiology, and control of cancer precursors. Their reviews of the topic are accessible to a large professional base that includes basic cancer researchers, clinical oncologists, pathologists, molecular biologists, epidemiologists, nurses, health professionals working on policy implications, and graduate students in cancer-related fields. Divided into five sections, the book begins with brief overviews of the molecular basis of carcinogenesis and of the histological aspects of cancer precursors. Issues related to the measurement, interpretation, and the study of precursor lesions are addressed in Part II, including timely chapters on epidemiologic approaches to studying intermediate endpoints, the impact of measurement error, and methods of processing biological specimens for molecular epidemiology studies. The main section of the text is found in Part III, with chapters on cancer precursors at the most important anatomical sites at which solid tumors occur, including the lung, breast, colon, esophagus, and prostate. The site-specific reviews include discussions of the epidemiology of those lesions, and, where appropriate, aspects of their detection and prevention. The final sections of the book feature valuable overviews on screening and prevention strategies and the role of evidence-based medicine in judging the value of such strategies for national and international policy guidelines on cancer control.

DARE To Be You (DTBY) is a program that has both a conceptual foundation and is demonstrably effective in building assets linked to a decrease in problem behaviors. Its success is based on working not only with the individual child, but also with multiple systems that affect the child. These systems include family, peers, school and the broader community. The DTBY curricula is age-appropriate and adapted to account for changing developmental needs. While this volume focuses on the DTBY program for families with 2 to 5 year old children, references are made to the programs for school aged children and teens. This program has proven effective in diverse settings including a Native American community; an urban setting of mixed cultures; a traditional Hispanic and Anglo rural community; and a poor, isolated agricultural region.

Written in clear, nontechnical language, this investigation of drug resistance provides readers with an overview of the scientific issues, the current scope of the problem nationally and globally, and the measures that can be taken to combat this public health crisis. Drug resistance—the reduction in the effectiveness of a particular medicine (particularly antimicrobials) in treating a disease or condition—is considered one of the most pressing issues in medicine today. This problem is likely to have profound impacts on society in the decades to come. This understandable, single-volume book explores the history of drug resistance, explains how drug resistance occurs, cites the most problematic examples, identifies the potential consequences, and describes how drug resistance can be prevented. It also pays attention to current issues and controversies surrounding this topic, such as the role of the industrialized food system in breeding antibiotic-resistant strains of E. coli. The coverage includes up-to-date information about specific diseases like tuberculosis, malaria, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), for which drug resistance is a particular issue. Readers will understand how human behavior, such as patient non-adherence to treatment and physician over-prescription of antibiotics, have served to foster drug resistance. A selection of primary documents sourced from organizations such as the World Health Organization, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will serve those interested in pursuing more detailed research on particular topics.

Preventive Medicine between Obligation and Aspiration is a study of ethical questions regarding mass screening, vaccination, and health policy programmes. These interventions aim to enhance public health but may also constrain personal autonomy and cause harm, and influence our moral views. So far, these issues have hardly been subject to systematic ethical analysis. This study aims to fill this gap by providing an overview of moral problems in preventive medicine and by explicating norms for good practice. Throughout the book it is argued that some moral concerns about prevention - namely concerns about medicalization - cannot be adequately grasped in terms of strict and binding moral norms. Various moral concepts and types of norms beyond obligation' are explored and developed in order to give practical meaning to these rather vague concerns. In this way the book contributes to applied ethics as well as to ethical theory. It is of interest to professionals in public health and preventive medicine and to scholars in applied ethics and moral philosophy.

This book provides an understanding and appreciation of the risk assessment process and the ability to objectively interpret health risk values. Included is an explanation of the uncertainty inherent in the assessment of risks as well as an explanation of how the communication and characterization of risks can dramatically alter the perception of those risks. Case studies illustrate the strengths and limitations of characterizing certain risks. Using the accepted risk assessment paradigm proposed by the National Research Council, these case studies illustrate which risk values have merit and why other assessments fail to meet basic criteria.

This handbook examines the effects and influences on child and youth development of prejudice, discrimination, and inequity as well as other critical contexts, including implicit bias, explicit racism, post immigration processes, social policies, parenting and media influences. It traces the impact of bias and discrimination on children, from infancy through emerging adulthood with implications for later years. The handbook explores ways in which the expanding social, economic, and racial inequities in society are linked to increases in negative outcomes for children through exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Chapters examine a range of ACEs - low income, separation/divorce, family substance abuse and mental illness, exposure to neighborhood and/or domestic violence, parental incarceration, immigration and displacement, and parent loss through death. Chapters also discuss discrimination and prejudice within the adverse experiences of African American, Asian American, European American, Latino, Native American, Arab American, and Sikh as well as LGBTQ youth and non-binary children. Additionally, the handbook elevates dynamic aspects of resilience, adjustment, and the daily triumphs of children and youth faced with issues related to prejudice and differential treatment. Topics featured in the Handbook include: The intergenerational transmission of protective parent responses to historical trauma. The emotional impact of the acting-white accusation. DREAMers and their experience growing up undocumented in the USA. Online racial discrimination and its relation to mental health and academic outcomes. Teaching strategies for preventing bigoted behavior in class. Emerging areas such as sociopolitical issues, gender prejudice, and dating violence. The Handbook of Children and Prejudice is a must-have resource for researchers, graduate students, clinicians, therapists, and other professionals in clinical child and school psychology, social work, public health, developmental psychology, pediatrics, family studies, juvenile justice, child and adolescent psychiatry, and educational psychology.

This collection examines the role that case-studies play in understanding and explaining British health policy. Overall, the chapters cover the key health policy literatures in terms of the policy process, analytical frameworks and some of the seminal moments of the NHS. They have been written by leading health policy researchers in sociology, social policy, management and organisation studies. The collection explores and promotes the case-study as an under-used method and thereby encourages a more reflective approach to policy learning by practitioners and academics. Case studies have become a key method in social science, including health policy. However, they suffer inherent problems in designing and conducting research, including abuse and misuse, in theory and practice, in analysis and in application. This book invigorates the case study as a valuable technique for researchers and practitioners in British health policy and offers insights into the workings of the NHS and opportunities for the testing of theories and concepts. The book will appeal to under-graduates, post-graduates and academics in social policy, public management and health services research. It will also be of interest to clinicians, managers and policy-makers as they seek to understand better previous and current developments in the NHS.

Biosocial Research Contributions to Family Processes and Problems, based on the 17th annual National Symposium on Family Issues, examines biosocial models and processes in the context of the family. Research on both biological and social/environmental influences on behavior, health, and development is represented, including behavioral endocrinology, behavior genetics, neuroscience, evolutionary psychology, sociology, demography, anthropology, economics, and psychology. The authors consider physiological and social environmental influences on parenting and early childhood development, followed by adolescent adjustment, and family formation. Also, factors that influence how families adapt to social inequalities are examined.

In-Plant Practices for Job Related Health Hazards Control Volume 1: Production Processes Volume 2: Engineering Aspects Edited by Lester V. Cralley and Lewis J. Cralley Vol. 1: 1989 (0 471-61975-2) 938 pp. Vol. 2: 1989 (0 471-50121-2) 578 pp. 2-Vol. Set: 1989 (0 471-51097-1) Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology Volume 1: General Principles Volumes 2A, 2B & 2C: Toxicology Edited by George D. Clayton and Florence E. Clayton Volume 3A: Theory and Rationale of Industrial Hygiene Practice: The Work Environment Volume 3B: Theory and Rationale of Industrial Hygiene Practice: Biological Responses Edited by Lewis J. Cralley and Lester V. Cralley Vol. 1: 1978 (0 471-16046-6) 1,466pp. Vol. 2A: 1981 (0 471-16042-3) 1,420 pp. Vol. 2B: 1981 (0 471-07943-X) 937 pp. Vol. 2C: 1982 (0 471-09258-4) 1,296 pp. Vol. 3A: 1985 (0 471-86137-5) 822 pp. Vol. 3B: 1985 (0 471-82333-3) 753 pp.

The vaccines most urgently needed are those againstpoverty-related diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria and HIV.However, there is a considerable gap between the development of avaccine and the implementation as a useful measure for diseasecontrol. Major obstacles need to be overcome even after successfulcompletion of the preclinical stage.

This book provides an important link between vaccine developmentand application under the particular conditions in developingcountries.
The editors, S.H.E. Kaufmann and P.H. Lambert - one from the fieldof basic research and the other an expert on the side of appliedvaccinology - have gathered contributions from specialists of bothfields in an attempt to create a source of information that hasthus far not been available.

This first-person account by one of the pioneers of HIV/AIDS research chronicles the interaction among the pediatric HIV/AIDS community, regulatory bodies, governments, and activists over more than three decades. After the discovery of AIDS in a handful of infants in 1981, the next fifteen years showed remarkable scientific progress in prevention and treatment, although blood banks, drug companies, and bureaucrats were often slow to act. 1996 was a watershed year when scientific and clinical HIV experts called for treating all HIV-infected individuals with potent triple combinations of antiretroviral drugs that had been proven effective. Aggressive implementation of prevention and treatment in the United States led to marked declines in the number of HIV-related deaths, fewer new infections and hospital visits, and fewer than one hundred infants born infected each year. Inexplicably, the World Health Organization recommended withholding treatment for the majority of HIV-infected individuals in poor countries, and clinical researchers embarked on studies to evaluate inferior treatment approaches even while the pandemic continued to claim the lives of millions of women and children. Why did it take an additional twenty years for international health organizations to recommend the treatment and prevention measures that had had such a profound impact on the pandemic in wealthy countries? The surprising answers are likely to be debated by medical historians and ethicists. At last, in 2015, came a universal call for treating all HIV-infected individuals with triple-combination antiretroviral drugs. But this can only be accomplished if the mistakes of the past are rectified. The book ends with recommendations on how the pediatric HIV/AIDS epidemic can finally be brought to an end.

Advances in DNA sequencing and phylogenetic inference have created powerful methods to investigate many dangerous human viruses. The Molecular Epidemiology Of Viruses provides a comprehensive introduction to the use of genetic methods in molecular epidemiology and in-depth examples of analyses from many viruses.
Key topics included in this book are:

-Why genetic methods to track epidemiology are useful and how they can be used in disease control;
-The importance of sample design;
-DNA sequencing and other methods for genetic characterization;
- Genetic databases and their function as reference banks and information centers;
- How genetic analysis has been used to study the molecular epidemiology of both RNA and DNA viruses;
- How molecular techniques have been applied to monitor the spread of hepatitis viruses;
- In depth discussions of additional viruses including influenza, polio, human T-cell lymphotropic viruses, rabies, rotavirus, measles and respiratory syncytial virus, human papilloma virus, flavi viruses, hantaviruses, and potentially new and emerging human viruses.This book is of interest to researchers in the fields of infectious disease, virology, microbiology, evolutionary biology, epidemiology and molecular biology as well as anyone interested in tracking the spread of disease.

The lack of trust in our healthcare system brings ominous results, from decreasing health outcomes to increasing costs, from organization inefficiencies to a pervasive pattern of litigation. This will only worsen as healthcare becomes subject to greater market mechanisms, and as patients, providers, and payers view each other with increasing suspicion. Healthcare professionals are just now coming to realize what other professionals have known for years: trust is earned, not assumed. The Trust Crisis represents the first comprehensive survey of the causes and consequences of declining trust in healthcare, and more importantly, it provides suggestions for restoring that trust.
Editor David A. Shore, founder of the Harvard School of Public Health's Trust Initiative, brings together an unparalleled collection of healthcare leaders for this volume. Chapter authors include Donald Berwick, Robert Blendon, Lucian Leape, and George Lundberg. The book also features an introduction by Cokie and Steve Roberts. Causes, consequences, and cures for the crisis in trust are specifically addressed. Critical areas treated by the authors include:
- systemic conditions that lead to medical errors, and remedies for promoting quality of care.
- outdated modes of doctor-patient communication that hinder compliance.
- novel modes of interaction to improve satisfaction. - patient-centered care and metrics to evaluate its presence or absence.
- media communication and miscommunication, and new standards for medical reporting.
- clinical insights applied to the use of human subjects in biomedical research.
- recommendations for revising medical school curricula and strengthening thepeer-review process in medical journals.
- practical strategies for decreasing the lingering discord between patients, providers, and health plans.
While presenting a diversity of topics and opinions, the authors of this volume agree upon a few principles. The trust famine will have dire consequences if it continues unchecked. Healthcare leaders can take measures to improve trust. Regaining trust requires that entire organizations pay closer attention to the "human factors" of healthcare. And perhaps most critical for change, trust-building is not only good medicine, but good business as well.

As many social inequalities widen, this is a crucial survey of local authorities' evolving role in health, social care and wellbeing. Health and social and public policy experts review structural changes in provision and procurement, and explore social determinants of health including intergenerational needs and housing. With detailed assessments of regional disparities and case studies of effective strategies and interventions from local authorities, this collaborative study addresses complex issues (Wicked Issues), considers where responsibility for wellbeing lies and points the way to future policy-making. The Centre for Partnering (CfP) is a key outcome of this innovative review along with Bonner's previous work Social Determinants of Health (2017).