Get the comprehensive resource for LGBT public health issues! Public health services for sexual minorities have suffered from practitioners' lack of knowledge about sexual or gender orientation, specific health concerns, and inherent system homophobia and heterosexism. The Handbook of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Public Health: A Practitioner's Guide to Service provides a unique focus on LGBT public health, offering positive direction for practitioners looking for guidance in methods to ensure a healthy community for all while taking into consideration the special needs of sexual minorities. Ignorance and fear by both practitioners and LGBT clients leads to less-than-optimum public health services. The Handbook of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Public Health extensively discusses these issues clearly, working to foster cultural competency among public health professionals. This book lays the groundwork for better understanding of LGBT health issues and their relationship to overall public health, then delves into the research on how incorporating LGBT cultural competency can improve academic institutions and continuing education programs. The problem of providing health care access and the health issues burdening each segment of the LGBT community are discussed in detail, all with a focus on providing effective solutions to tough challenges. Clear strategies are also presented for improving city, county, state, and national public health infrastructures and policies. The issue of productive and safe work environments in business and the private sector for LGBT individuals is addressed, along with a close look at the advantagesand pitfallsof media and Internet resources. Many chapters are illustrated with tables and diagrams; each chapter is exhaustively referenced, includes useful lists of selected resources, and asks questions to spark thought on the issues as they pertain to the reader's circumstances. The Handbook of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Public Health discusses: the inequities in health care for LGBT people overt prejudice, discrimination, disdain, or outright denial of services assumption by health professionals of risk factors based on sexual or gender orientation rather than individual behaviors and health history unwitting expression of biases of many public health practitioners the effect of social stigma on public health care services LGBT cultural competency framework for institutions of higher learning and professional organizations LGBT awareness, sensitivity, and competency training sexually transmitted diseases reproductive cancers intimate partner violence noncommunicable diseases among gay and bisexual men 'down low' behavior (avowed straight men with spouses having sex with other men) as public health issue AIDS-related malignancies transsexuals and transphobia hormonal therapy sex reassignment surgery (SRS) mental health needs of transsexuals, cross-dressers, and intersex individuals barriers to health care access insurance systems confidentiality of medical records substance use health care issues for LGBT youth and young adults health care needs of LGBT elders recommendations for improvement of health and welfare services The Handbook of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Public Health is a one-of-a-kind resource for LGBT public health issues, essential for public health professionals, practitioners, health services professionals, substance abuse counselors, disease intervention specialists, public health advisors, community health service administrators, community based agencies, and community health nurses. Educators in community hea

Hoarding disorder is the excessive saving of objects and difficulty parting with them to a point that interferes with one's ability to properly use rooms and furnishings in the home. Hoarding can become dangerous, sometimes resulting in structural problems and fires, or in hazardous sanitary conditions. Studies indicate that around one in every 25 people suffers from hoarding. This means that almost all of us know someone who hoards. Hoarding: What Everyone Needs to Know demystifies this complex problem, what it looks like and why it may develop, and how it can be treated. With their combined expertise in psychological treatments for hoarding and community interventions, Drs. Steketee and Bratiotis explain how to understand hoarding as a mental illness, describing the disorder in layman's terms and explaining the various facets and manifestations of the behavior. Chapters focus on one or more common questions regarding diagnosis, features, how to assess severity, and treatment. The book will dispel myths and help readers identify hoarding that touches their own lives. As such it will be of great value not only to those who suspect a loved one may be hoarding, but also to first responders, such as firefighters, public health officials, and housing and social service personnel, who will find here an essential resource for use in the field.

Poverty and inequality are among the most significant determinants of health. Increased inequality gaps associated with globalization have serious implications for global health. Global changes in political economy shape global health influencing who bears the burden from epidemics, unhealthy environments and lack of access to health care.

Communication about vaccination has become a public battleground. The global adoption of social media has increased the visibility and influence of groups that were previously considered fringe. With the goal of understanding vaccination-related misinformation’s online spread and ways of effectively countering it, this book explores its reception, resistance, and reproduction by a range of stakeholders around the globe.  Chapters cover a rich array of topics, including vaccine misinformation’s history, its use as political propaganda, and its manipulation by both pro- and anti-vaccine groups. They apply a wide range of research methods, including historical literature and scoping reviews; advanced computational analysis, including machine learning; and reviews that incorporate the authors’ personal, professional, and practice-based experiences. Chapter authors include leading US and international scholars as well as practitioners of Communication, Computer Science, Health and Science Education, Political Communication, Public Health, Sociology, and other fields, making this book the most comprehensive and diverse collection of studies on vaccine misinformation—online and offline—currently available. 

Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes was once asked, "When should the training of a child commence?" "A hundred years before birth" was the reply. Indeed it is this perspective on life through posterity that underlies the maturing field of international health, embracing as it does a respon sibility for and an awareness of the needs of all peoples. The concepts of international health are increasingly revitalizing modern medicine as it attempts to relieve mankind of the burden of disease. Curative medicine, once the paradigm, took a relatively benefi cient approach to treatment. But epidemiological recognition of the fre quency of disease on a global basis-and an appreciation of the vast number of those afflicted-evoked a humiliating backlash of awareness that curative medicine alone neither constrains disease nor permanently advances human health, happiness, or longevity. The growing reliance on truly international health strategies by national and international agencies, including the more definite and extended practice of preven tive medicine, has provided the means to achieve significant gains in the quality of health in years to come. A redeeming feature of contemporary failures in science and medi cine is that-once intelligently studied, analyzed, and evaluated-even these failed efforts may provide real insights that can mold our capacity and determination. So it is that, more than in any bygone age, the past ten years have seen the implementation of a sound and systematic in frastructure for international health undertakings, thus paving the way for improved health for all."

Leon N. Moses In June 1991, the Transportation Center at Northwestern University sponsored Hazmat Transport '91: A National Conference on the Transportation of Hazardous Materials and Wastes. The faculty associated with the center were aware that there had been many professional, industrial and government conferences and meetings on the subject. However, they believed that the unique capacity of the Transportation Center to bring together leaders from industry and government, as well as leading scholars from economics, law, engineering, psychology and sociology who have done research on the problems associated with the transportation of hazardous materials and wastes (hazmats), could produce a set of integrated insights and understandings that would go well beyond those of previous conferences. The papers that make up this volume were all delivered at Hazmat Transport '91. From a legislative point of view, they tend to deal with issues associated with the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act of 1975 (HMTA), the original act passed to regulate the transportation of hazardous materials, and the Hazardous Materials Transportation Uniform Safety Act of 1990 (HMTVSA). There were talks and papers presented at the conference that focused on other recent legislation and transportation issues with which HMTUSA does not deal. The conference proceedings volume also had discussions and papers on significant managerial and regulatory issues that could not be included in this volume because of constraints on its size. Therefore, this essay is made up of three parts.

Gives readers a detailed understanding of how specific biological weapons work and how those affected by the weapons would be treated * Teaches the reader to recognize the symptoms of each biological weapon and understand the threat these weapons pose * Concentrates on the weapons considered the greatest threats by the CDC such as Anthrax, Botulism, Smallpox, Ricin toxin, Ebola, Plague, and Viral encephalitis * Provides a detailed understanding of how specific biological weapons work and how to recognize the symptoms of those affected by the weapons as well as how they would be treated * Includes case studies, chapter review questions, and the instructor s supplemental materials include PowerPoint presentations, a Test Bank, and suggestions for student projects * Begins with a primer on microbiology, the human immune system s response to these biological agents, and the defense agencies involved with protecting the public against these agents

Learn how to create professional collaboration between HIV/AIDS researchers and community organizations for the benefit of all! This book is designed to help frontline prevention organizations answer two questions that are of utmost importance. First, how effective are their services; and second, can their work be improved? The absence of rigorous evaluation is a barrier to stable funding for community organizations, and the strategies in Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations can help overcome that barrier. The book is a guide to successful cooperative efforts between researchers and community-based organizations. The information it presents will help community-based programs acquire detailed, timely information on program effectiveness and outcomes. It also provides researchers with methods for accessing hard-to-reach or hidden HIV high-risk groups. Handy tables and figures make important data easy to access and understand. In Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations, you'll learn about the difficult but critically important collaboration between community organizations who do frontline prevention work and university scientists who evaluate the effectiveness of that work. The book describes the community-researcher equal partner collaboration (CREPC) model for community-based collaborative research. In addition, it examines six unique efforts to prevent the spread of AIDS among high-risk populations, such as prostitutes, injection drug users, impoverished pregnant women, migrant workers, transgendered persons, and prison inmates. The case studies in Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations describe the frustrations of outreach workers and counselors who suddenly must help design a survey they fear will be intrusive, and the parallel problems faced by scientists who are told that their traditional measures mean little to outreach workers. Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations presents funders' perspectives on collaborative AIDS research and examines the collaborative and funding aspects of: the CAL-PEP prevention programs for drug injectors and sex workers efforts to promote HIV prevention for migrant farm workers and evaluate those efforts' effectiveness the ongoing collaboration between The Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (University of California, San Francisco), Centerforce (a statewide nonprofit agency providing services and advocacy to prisoners and their families), and San Quentin State Prison the effort of the Los Angeles County HIV Epidemiology Program and three community-based organizations, which collaborate to provide culturally appropriate outreach and HIV education/prevention services to transgendered individuals of various ethnic origins San Francisco's PHREDA project and the way its creators collaborated to better understand and serve high-risk women The U-Find-Out (UFO) Study, funded by the Universitywide AIDS Research Program of the State of California

Learn how to create professional collaboration between HIV/AIDS researchers and community organizations for the benefit of all! This book is designed to help frontline prevention organizations answer two questions that are of utmost importance. First, how effective are their services; and second, can their work be improved? The absence of rigorous evaluation is a barrier to stable funding for community organizations, and the strategies in Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations can help overcome that barrier. The book is a guide to successful cooperative efforts between researchers and community-based organizations. The information it presents will help community-based programs acquire detailed, timely information on program effectiveness and outcomes. It also provides researchers with methods for accessing hard-to-reach or hidden HIV high-risk groups. Handy tables and figures make important data easy to access and understand. In Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations, you'll learn about the difficult but critically important collaboration between community organizations who do frontline prevention work and university scientists who evaluate the effectiveness of that work. The book describes the community-researcher equal partner collaboration (CREPC) model for community-based collaborative research. In addition, it examines six unique efforts to prevent the spread of AIDS among high-risk populations, such as prostitutes, injection drug users, impoverished pregnant women, migrant workers, transgendered persons, and prison inmates. The case studies in Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations describe the frustrations of outreach workers and counselors who suddenly must help design a survey they fear will be intrusive, and the parallel problems faced by scientists who are told that their traditional measures mean little to outreach workers. Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations presents funders' perspectives on collaborative AIDS research and examines the collaborative and funding aspects of: the CAL-PEP prevention programs for drug injectors and sex workers efforts to promote HIV prevention for migrant farm workers and evaluate those efforts' effectiveness the ongoing collaboration between The Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (University of California, San Francisco), Centerforce (a statewide nonprofit agency providing services and advocacy to prisoners and their families), and San Quentin State Prison the effort of the Los Angeles County HIV Epidemiology Program and three community-based organizations, which collaborate to provide culturally appropriate outreach and HIV education/prevention services to transgendered individuals of various ethnic origins San Francisco's PHREDA project and the way its creators collaborated to better understand and serve high-risk women The U-Find-Out (UFO) Study, funded by the Universitywide AIDS Research Program of the State of California

Research in Community and Mental Health

Methodological problems have hampered researchers' efforts to understand and control AIDS since the beginning of the epidemic. This practical book addresses these problems by using actual health research case studies to develop strategies regarding design and sampling, measurement, and analysis and modeling issues. Researchers working on both biological and behavioral aspects of the disease will find this work a singularly effective tool to improve their study designs.

This book reflects cutting-edge science that has only recently become available. It is a comprehensive assortment of new approaches to HIV prevention. It describes a set of prevention strategies that do not solely rely on male condoms, including: the use of HIV antibody testing and negotiated safety', abstinence, control of sexually transmitted diseases, treatment advances as prevention, and psychopharmacology to assist with behavior change. It is of interest to HIV prevention scientists, health psychologists, health educators, and public health workers in the communities at risk.

The book focuses on HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment strategies in resource-poor settings. Contributors include HIV/AIDS researchers and public health administrators from the US, Africa, China, and Thailand. Several chapters, written by local health officials, take a close look at AIDS prevention and treatment in China at the community level. Other chapters cover issues of treatment scale-up, drug resistance, and mother-to-child transmission in Southern Africa and Thailand, and offer lessons learned for researchers in other developing countries. Overall the aim of this book is to bring some of the latest issues to the fore, and to foster exchange and collaboration between AIDS researchers in developing countries. This book grew out of an annual conference held in China and organized by the Harvard School of Public Health, and could possibly become the first volume of a series.

Parasitic, bacterial and viral agents continue to challenge the welfare of humans, livestock, wild life and plants worldwide. The public health impact and financial consequences of these diseases are particularly hard on the already overburdened economies of developing countries especially in the tropics. Many of these disease agents utilize insect hosts (vectors) to achieve their transmission to mammals. In the past, these diseases were largely controlled by insecticide-based vector reduction strategies. Now, many of these diseases have reemerged in the tropics, recolonizing their previous range, and expanding into new territories previously not considered to be endemic. Habitat change, irrigation practices, atmospheric and climate change, insecticide and drug resistance as well as increases in global tourism, human traffic and commercial activities, have driven the reemergence and spread of vector borne diseases. While these diseases can be controlled through interventions aimed at both their vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, no effective vaccines exist, and only limited therapeutic prospects are available for their control in mammalian hosts. Molecular technologies such as transgenesis, which is the subject of this book, stand to increase the toolbox and benefit disease management strategies.

The ideological underpinnings of early modern theories of contagion are dissected in this volume by an integrated team of literary scholars, cultural historians, historians of medicine and art historians. Even today, the spread of disease inspires moralizing discourse and the ostracism of groups thought responsible for contagion; the fear of illness and the desire to make sense of it are demonstrated in the current preoccupation with HIV, SARS, 'mad cow' disease, West Nile virus and avian flu, to cite but a few contemporary examples. Imagining Contagion in Early Modern Europe explores the nature of understanding when humanity is faced with threats to its well-being, if not to its very survival.

Make the most of your contribution to health care delivery! Allied Health: Practice Issues and Trends in the New Millennium is a comprehensive look at present and future concerns in the allied health care field. Leading experts in allied health practice and education address practice and policy issues that have developed as technology and a changing health care environment have created new and expanded roles for allied heath professionals. With the allied health field projected to add an estimated four million new jobs by 2005 in the United States alone, this book is an essential resource for maximizing the knowledge and skills necessary to deliver safe, efficient, effective, and equitable care. Allied Health: Practice Issues and Trends in the New Millennium presents an overview of the concerns facing the largest and most diverse pool of health workers in the United States as they provide disease detection, prevention, dietary, health promotion, rehabilitation and health management services at all levels of health care delivery. This unique book addresses critical issues that affect allied health practice, including managed health care, computer technology, drug information, and demographic trends in society, with an emphasis on implications for education. The book also includes appendices listing allied health organizations, accrediting agencies, and descriptions of federally recognized allied health professions. Allied Health: Practice Issues and Trends in the New Millennium presents information on: public policy research needs new directions for accreditation interprofessional collaborative alliances employment opportunities practice directions and much more! Allied health professionals play a critical role in health care delivery, comprising a significant portion of the health care work force with tremendous potential for addressing issues of health care cost, quality, and access within the health care system. Allied Health: Practice Issues and Trends in the New Millennium is an essential resource for the future of health care in the United States and a must read for allied health care educators and students, and health care policymakers.

Qualitative researchers have traditionally been cautious about claiming that their work was scientific. The "right-on" schools have exaggerated this caution into an outright rejection of science as a model for their work. Science is, for them, outmoded; "an archaic form of consciousness surviving for a while yet in a degraded form" ("Tyler 1986:200"). Scientists' assertions that they are in pursuit of truth simply camouflage their own lust for power. There is no essential difference between truth and propaganda. The authors acknowledge that the boundary between science and propaganda has often been breached and some distrust of scientific claims may be healthy. They also question the claim that science creates disinterested and objective knowledge of an observer-independent world without concluding that science is impossible. The skeptics' reservations about qualitative research are based on the deep-rooted assumption among natural scientists, and some social scientists, that there is a world "out there," prior to, and independent of, their observations. This world can be known objectively in the sense that all observers will, if identically placed, see it in exactly the same way. If a suitable language were available, they would also all produce identical descriptions. From these observations they can work out the laws governing the world's operations. The authors try to resolve these contrary claims by asserting that science is a "procedural" commitment. It consists of openness to refutation, a conscientious and systematic search for contradictory evidence, and a readiness to subject one's preconceptions to critical examination. The devotion to truth as a regulative ideal is an essential difference between science and propaganda. This work is a unique and innovative defense of scientific method. "Elizabeth Murphy" is reader in sociology and social policy at the University of Nottingham, UK. "Robert Dingwall" is professor and director of the Institute for the Study of Genetics, Biorisks, and Society at the University of Nottingham, UK.

The expanding importance of health as a global issue has focused attention on the value of applying the concept of Global Public Goods from economics to international health. The Global Public Goods for health concept considers 'goods' i.e. services, technologies and information, such as knowledge of an infectious disease outbreak or control of climate change, that are important for promoting the health of all populations and which are of benefit globally. Since these are 'public goods' there is often a lack of incentive to provide or feel responsible for them. The central challenge of the Global Public Goods for health concept is to ensure collective action at international level.

The main focus of this book is whether and how best Global Public Goods for health can be used to advance the health of poor populations. Written by experts from both the health, legal and economics worlds, Global Public Goods for Health develops the concept in relation to international health and health policy. Numerous case studies are used to illustrate the usefulness of the concept and consider the aspects of health that may be classed as Global Public Goods and how this helps to ensure their provision.

This book is the first authoritative study of the research output and scientific impact of Nigerian health academics, including those in the diaspora. Around the world, policymakers and academics measure the scientific impact of research at national and international levels using bibliometric measures. Unfortunately, there is limited data on scientists' research productivity and impact in developing countries, particularly in Africa. Therefore, normative bibliometric information from different countries is needed to address the challenges faced by scientists in Africa. This book contributes to filling this research gap. Additionally, the author addresses the controversies surrounding the use of bibliometrics in judging research productivity and offers recommendations to improve research systems.

Using a range of primary sources from imperial, colonial and local government records, Rockefeller Foundation Archives, memoirs and reports, this study provides the most comprehensive account to date of public health in Jamaica in the post-emancipation colonial period to the onset of the Second World War. The account is framed by two pivotal Jamaican experiences that were vital in precipitating significant policy changes at the imperial centre. An examination of the development of the part-time colonial medical service reveals it to be underresourced and inadequate. Most Jamaicans accessed Western medical aid through the Poor Law, a distinguishing feature of the British West Indian colonies, and the issues around the intermeshing of medical and Poor Law aid is a vital contextual question. Chapters on the epidemic and endemic diseases of smallpox and malaria expose the attitudes and the nature of the responses of government, elites and the medical services to such threats. The International Health Division of the Rockefeller Foundation was active in Jamaica from 1919 until 1950. A detailed analysis of their hookworm campaign, public health education programme and tuberculosis work contributes to a critical understanding of this philanthropic endeavour. The contribution of Jamaica to a new imperial development policy, as exemplified in the 1940 Colonial Development and Welfare Act, is also assessed. A story of government and elite reluctance to finance public health services emerges in which Jamaicans were frequently blamed for their own ill health. Socio-economic causation was sidestepped as class and race perceptions, underpinned by the legacy of slavery, held sway.