Human mobility is dramatically on the rise; globalization and modern technology have increased transportation and migration. Frequent journeys over large distances cause huge energy consumption, severely impact local and global natural environments and raise spiritual and ethical questions about our place in the world. 'Spaces of Mobility' presents an analysis of the socio-political, environmental, and ethical aspects of mobility. The volume brings together essays that examine why and how modern modes of transport emerge, considering their effect on society. The religious significance of contemporary travel is outlined, namely its impact on pilgrimage, Christology and ethics. The essays examine the interaction between humans and their surroundings and question how increased mobility affects human identity and self-understanding. 'Spaces of Mobility' will be of interest to students and scholars seeking to understand the impact of mobility on modern culture and society, the ethics behind contemporary transport systems and the conditions of immigrants in a world of constant travel.

This ground breaking volume raises radical critiques and proposes innovative solutions for social sustainability in the built environment. Urban Social Sustainability provides an in-depth insight into the discourse and argues that every urban intervention has a social sustainability dimension that needs to be taken into consideration, and incorporated into a comprehensive and cohesive 'urban agenda' that is built on three principles of recognition, integration, and monitoring. This should be achieved through a dialogical and reflexive process of decision-making. To achieve sustainable communities, social sustainability should form the basis of a constructive dialogue and be interlinked with other areas of sustainable development. This book underlines the urgency of approaching social sustainability as an urban agenda and goes on to make suggestions about its formulation. Urban Social Sustainability consists of original contributions from academics and experts within the field and explores the significance of social sustainability from different perspectives. Areas covered include urban policy, transportation and mobility, urban space and architectural form, housing, urban heritage, neighbourhood development, and urban governance. Drawing on case studies from a number of countries and world regions the book presents a multifaceted and interdisciplinary understanding from social sustainability in urban settings, and provides practitioners and policy makers with innovative recommendations to achieve more socially sustainable urban environment.

European cities increasingly face problems caused by transport and traffic. For many people transport provision is unsatisfactory and current arrangements are leading to a deteriorating environment. A fundamental problem is that our currently fragmented approach makes it difficult to understand fully the circumstances and needs of transport users. In any overall approach public transport is a crucial component. Designing Mobility and Transport Services shows how these issues can be addressed and resolved. The development of an inclusive, validated passenger experience measurement instrument is the first step in understanding the situation and thus tackling it. It is needed if we are to create high quality, user centred, integrated, accessible public transport services, which are capable of attracting and retaining public transport users whilst meeting sustainability targets. The METPEX research project was devised to tackle these issues. Coordinated by Coventry University, the METPEX consortium brought together 16 European partners from 12 countries. The project's underlying rationale was the proposition that if transport operators and authorities were provided with a robust, reliable and tailorable means of measuring the whole multimodal passenger journey, they could improve service provision. The book describes how such an improvement can be achieved, to attract travellers out of their private vehicles, thereby reducing congestion and pollution and increasing health and well-being. It provides a template for a creative approach and a meta-design narrative in designing for transport systems to enhance mobility choices by improving the door to door journey and thus underpin sustainable transport initiatives.

To best serve current and future generations, infrastructure needs to be resilient to the changing world while using limited resources in a sustainable manner. Research on and funding towards sustainability and resilience are growing rapidly, and significant research is being carried out at a number of institutions and centers worldwide. This handbook brings together current research on sustainable and resilient infrastructure and, in particular, stresses the fundamental nexus between sustainability and resilience. It aims to coalesce work from a large and diverse group of contributors across a wide range of disciplines including engineering, technology and informatics, urban planning, public policy, economics, and finance. Not only does it present a theoretical formulation of sustainability and resilience but it also demonstrates how these ideals can be realized in practice. This work will provide a reference text to students and scholars of a number of disciplines.

Traffic and Pavement Engineering presents the latest engineering concepts, techniques, practices, principles, standard procedures, and models that are applied and used to design and evaluate traffic systems, road pavement structures, and alternative transportation systems to ultimately achieve greater safety, sustainability, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. It provides in-depth coverage of the major areas of transportation engineering and includes a broad range of practical problems and solutions, related to theory, concepts, practice, and applications. Solutions for each problem follow step-by-step procedures that include the theory and the derivation of the formulas and computations where applicable. Additionally, numerical methods, linear algebraic methods, and least squares regression techniques are presented to assist in problem solving. Features: Presents coverage of major areas in transportation engineering: traffic engineering, and pavement materials, analysis, and design. Provides solutions to numerous practical problems in traffic and pavement engineering including terminology, theory, practice, computation, and design. Offers downloadable and user-friendly MS Excel spreadsheets as well as numerical methods and optimization tools and techniques. Includes several practical case studies throughout. Utilizes a unique approach in presenting the different topics of transportation engineering. Traffic and Pavement Engineering will help academics and professionals alike to find practical solutions across the broad spectrum of traffic and pavement engineering issues.

Presents coverage of the major areas in transportation engineering: traffic engineering, pavement materials, analysis and design, urban transportation planning, highway surveying, and geometric design of highways. Provides solutions to numerous practical problems in transportation engineering including terminology, theory, practice, computation, and design. Offers downloadable and user-friendly MS Excel spreadsheets as well as numerical methods and optimization tools and techniques. Includes several practical case studies throughout. Utilizes a unique approach in presenting the different topics of transportation engineering.

The Railway Research Institute (Instytut Kolejnictwa) in Warsaw was established in 1951 and was, until 2000, part of the Polish State Railways (PKP). At present, it serves as an independent entity, it is subordinated to the minister responsible for transport. Since its inception, the Institute has been the centre of competence for technology, technique and organization of operation and services in rail transport, particularly in respect to innovation. One of its fundamental tasks also includes activities connected with safety which are carried out in close cooperation with the National Safety Authority, i.e. the Office of Rail Transport. At the same time the Institute participated in the process of upgrading and modernization of the rail network in Poland. Experience in high speed rail, gained as a result of international cooperation and basing on the effort to increase speed on railway lines in Poland (so far 200 km/h), is included in the monograph "Koleje Duzych Predkosci w Polsce" (High Speed Rail in Poland) published in 2015 for the benefit of the Polish reader. This monograph aims at reaching an international audience of experts so as to present Polish determinants of HSR implementation. In order to elaborate this monograph, apart from specialists from the Railway Research Institute, experts from other research and academic centres were invited. Not only presenting a wide range of problems connected with future construction of High Speed Lines in Polish conditions, but also a number of operational ones. The authors have created a reference work of universal character, solving problems in order to build and operate high speed rail systems in countries on a similar level of development as Poland. Features: providing requirements for design and upgrade of engineering works on High Speed Rail development information on restructuring and building railway lines for countries starting to develop a High Speed Rail system dealing with organizational, engineering, socioeconomic and economic demands for transport services and the formation of human resources for constructing and operting a High Speed Rails system. Presenting these problems on the international arena will facilitate future cooperation and application of world experience to create HSR in Poland and integrate the Polish HSR network into the international one.

This book provides a political history of urban traffic congestion in the twentieth century, and explores how and why experts from a range of professional disciplines have attempted to solve what they have called 'the traffic problem'. It draws on case studies of historical traffic projects in London to trace the relationship among technologies, infrastructures, politics, and power on the capital's congested streets. From the visions of urban planners to the concrete realities of engineers, and from the demands of traffic cops and economists to the new world of electronic surveillance, the book examines the political tensions embedded in the streets of our world cities. It also reveals the hand of capital in our traffic landscape. This book challenges conventional wisdom on urban traffic congestion, deploying a broad array of historical and material sources to tell a powerful account of how our cities work and why traffic remains such a problem. It is a welcome addition to literature on histories and geographies of urban mobility and will appeal to students and researchers in the fields of urban history, transport studies, historical geography, planning history, and the history of technology.

Comprising contributions from a range of experts, this volume offers a critical commentary on the government's sustainable transport policy.* A critical commentary on the Blair government's sustainable transport policy and its implementation.* Firmly rooted in an appreciation of the politics of this controversial field.* Experts contribute up-to-the-minute analyses of the key issues.* Will inform debate over the future of transport policy.* Includes a Foreword by David Begg, Chair of the Commission for Integrated Transport.

Globalisation is heavily dependent on physical transport, as people and goods travel over longer distances and with higher frequency. Movement and mobility have become integrated parts of late modern identity and practice, and a state of flux can be sensed everywhere. Bringing together the latest interdisciplinary theoretical approaches with empirical case studies analysing and appraising innovative policies from Scandinavia, this volume demonstrates that mobility research is a key issue within social enquiry. It addresses three broad themes. Firstly, mobility as a constructed social reality, examining how individuals construct notions of mobility in their everyday life and practice. Secondly, mobility as spatial co-ordination and transgression, and finally, mobility as a policy theme, where the contributors explore recent developments in transport policy at national and European levels, suggesting ways forward for both research and policy. In the final section of the book new visions for research into sustainability and mobility are laid out.

This title was first published in 2003. What is the meaning of "sustainable mobility"? Is there a European common transport policy? To what extent is policy relevant for transport developments? What is the contribution of European transport research? These are some of the questions and themes addressed in this study of transport policy and research. It addresses the dynamics surrounding policy formulation and implementation, the conflicts of interest underlying these processes at the regional, national and supra-national levels, the inherent contradictions of the ecological modernization discourse as it applies to transport, and the role of the public or the citizen in determining trajectories for future developments. The book distils the results of three projects that have been completed with the support of the European Commission under the Fourth Framework Transport RTD Programme, namely the TENASSESS, CODE-TEN and POSSUM projects. The majority of the contributions derive from the TENASSESS project.

This title was first published in 2001. The question this thesis attempts to answer is summarized as follows: what accounts for the amazing stability of Italian transport policy in the face of European challenges, given the fact that - as most national and European policy-makers readily believe - it is not capable of addressing the problem of the sector? This study analyzes the transport policy in Italy from the 1990s into the 21st century. It looks at how the two sub-sectors of surface transport, road haulage and raliways, have been managed by the public and private actors involved. In both sectors the policy appears to have failed, either by not offering a remedy to problems or by aggravating them further. The author believes that studying transport policy in Italy will shed light on the wider question of how national policy-making patterns are influenced by developments in the international environment; in this case looking closely at the influence of the European Union.

More and more the most traditional and typical applied ergonomics issues of the activities related to sea shipping, vehicle driving, and flying are required to deal with some emerging topics related to the growing automatism and manning reduction, the ICT's advances and pervasiveness, and the new demographic and social phenomena, such as aging or multiculturalism. With contributions from expert researchers, professionals, and doctoral students from a wide number of countries such as Australia, Austria, Canada, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, UK and USA, this multi-contributed book will explore traditional and emerging topics of Human Factors centered around the maritime, road, rail, and aviation transportation domains.

Why don't trains run on time? Why are fares so expensive? Why are there so many strikes? Few would disagree that Britain's railways are broken, and have been for a long time. This insightful new book calls for a radical rethink of how we view the railways, and explains the problems we face and how to fix them. Haines-Doran argues that the railways should be seen as a social good and an indispensable feature of the national economy. With passengers and railway workers holding governments to account, we could then move past the incessant debates on whether our railways are an unavoidably loss-making business failure. An alternative vision is both possible and affordable, enabling the railways to play an instrumental role in decreasing social inequalities, strengthening the economy and supporting a transition to a sustainable future. This book is relevant to United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 9, Industry, innovation and infrastructure -- .

This title was first published in 2003. The UK transport White Paper "A New Deal for Transport" and new Transport Acts for England, Wales and Scotland have indicated and defined the future direction and policy agenda of national governments. The need for integrated transport raises key policy issues, among which are: the importance of sustainability; and the integration of transport policy with other areas of public policy, such as social exclusion and health. The idea of this direction in policy has implications for the changing nature of work, traveller information, interchange and public transport, freight distribution and the use of new technology. This volume also examines key areas of policy and regulation, which are developing as a result of the White Paper and the new Transport Acts. The volume brings together leading UK academics in the field of transport studies to discuss and reflect on these issues, and the state of transport policy in the UK within this new and developing policy framework.

This is a powerful critique of the growing tendency to reduce the new housing debate to a mere choice between greenfield and brownfield locations. This book points at the structure and organisation of the housebuilding industry, supply and demand pressures in the housing market, the contested nature of sustainability and the political character of the planning process. All factors which must be considered if a truly effective housing land policy is to be devised.
The book:
* analyses social, economic, and political influences on public policy and private investment
* places current controversies within a strong institutional context
* evaluates recent changes in housebuilding
* explores how sustainable development provides both a common and contested discourse for debates
* examines financial and economic impacts of housing land policies

Originally published in 1985, this volume examines the determinants of transport energy consumption and discusses policies which could modify rising transport energy consumption while still providing the transport services necessary for economic development. The first part of the volume contains an overview of trends in energy consumption followed by an investigation of the relationships expressing basic determinants of transport energy. Although the focus is on developing countries there are other inudstrial and centrally planned economies which are included for reference purposes and to extend the range of policy variables studied. There are detailed case studies from India and Ecuador and the greater detail of these case studies permits the consideration of additional policy variables in the analysis of transport fuel consumption.

Transport is now a critical problem throughout the world, and it is set to get worse. Whether it is traffic congestion, crashes (10 million killed and injured each year), noise, air pollution, landscape destruction, or greenhouse gas emissions (of which transport is the fastest-growing source), the damage and the costs from our current forms of transport are dangerously high and getting worse. Policies and practical measures that can reduce and eliminate these problems are urgently needed. This Reader contains 16 important contributions on how to improve transport globally. They are based on sound science, sound people-centred analysis, and a strong awareness of equity and human rights. And they have been selected for their originality, the importance of the issues they focus on, the quality of their insight and their practical relevance. A further 7 commissioned chapters provide informative overviews of the transport problems specific to each region of the world, while the editors' Introduction and Conclusion frames the discussion and lays out the scale of the challenges we face. As a whole, the Reader demonstrates what steps can be taken to improve both transport provision and use, in both the developed and the developing world, while reducing environmental and health impacts. It will serve as an invaluable sourcebook for anyone researching or attempting to address the issues associated with world transport policy and practice, whether students, planners, business people or policy-makers.

Addresses a variety of challenges and solutions within the transportation security sphere in order to protect our transportation systems Provides innovative solutions to improved communication and creating joint operations centers to manage response to threats Details technological measures to protect our transportation infrastructure, and explains their feasibility and economic costs Discusses changes in travel behavior as a response to terrorism and natural disaster Explains the role of transportation systems in supporting response operations in large disasters Written with a worldwide scope

Transport is central to many of the current planning and policy debates. Completely revised and restructured, the new edition of Transport Planning describes the evolution of transport policies and planning, linking the past with the contemporary and future debates. It is divided into two main parts.
A Retrospective Analysis describes the recent past and how the current situation in research and practice on transport planning has developed. Evidence is taken from Great Britain and the United States, illustrating the similarities in thinking across transport, planning and evaluation. There is a review of the radical policy alternative presented by the market approach to transport provision, and a complementary new chapter on events since 1997, with the difficulties of finding the means to introduce the social market. The first part ends with a discussion on the limitations of transport planning in terms of both its theoretical foundations and of the approaches currently being used. The second part of the book begins with a Comparative Analysis of experience in three European countries (Germany, France and the Netherlands) and the United States. It covers both transport planning and evaluation, where difference approaches have been developed in response to national policy issues and the different cultural and analytical traditions. This experience provides a useful context for interpreting the new agenda in the UK. This is followed by a Prospective Analysis of the key issues facing transport planners in the twenty-first century, including the need to replace existing infrastructure, to build new infrastructure, and to ensure the optimal use of existing infrastructure. All these issues will necessitate different analytical approaches, particularly where new forms of financing are required and as the new political relationships between the state and market are stabilised. Some form of strategic vision is required together with a planning framework within which the market can operate.

Transport issues are critically embedded in everyday life. For this very reason, ways of addressing such issues are almost always hugely politically contentious, as a quick glance at local and national media will testify. Such contentiousness is growing as ever increasing mobility for many in western society has led to a critical examination of the fundamental basis by which transport issues are considered in government and beyond. Despite the strength of this examination, the implementation of new approaches to dealing with transport issues has proved deeply problematic. The Politics of Mobility pioneers a methodological and theoretical framework derived from the social and political sciences to shed light on the complexities of dealing with these issues. It mobilises three case studies that highlight the realpolitik of dealing with such concerns for students, practitioners, researchers and activists.

Traditional transport planning has generated transport systems that propagate an unfair distribution of accessibility and have environmental and safety issues. This book highlights the importance of social and political aspects of transport policy and provides a methodology to support this approach. It emphasizes the importance of co-ordinating urban, transport and traffic planning, and addresses the major challenge of modifying the building and use of roads. The author makes suggestions for innovative and radical new measures towards an equitable and sustainable urban environment.

This study offers guidelines for pedestrian and bicycle traffic in African cities. The text is based on the combination of studies and test findings obtained in pilot projects carried out in Nairobi, Dar es Salaam, Eldoret and Morogoro between 1995 and 2000.

It is now widely accepted that transport is becoming increasingly unsustainable and that strong policy intervention is required to reduce both the growth in transport demand and the environmental costs of transport. This book challenges conventional approaches to transport by moving away from trend based analysis towards the use of scenarios to identify alternative sustainable transport futures. It both summaries the development of EU transport policy and presents a critique. The policy context is widened to include the global changes taking place in economics, society and technology. It develops new methodologies for policy making for the next 25 years.

Road traffic and its impacts affect all aspects of modern life, leisure and industry, with safety, congestion and pollution being of greatest public concern. Transport planning increasingly emphasises travel demand management (TDM) and traffic calming - aided by dynamic, lower cost data from Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) - to enable real time monitoring, control and traveller information. This second edition of a highly successful work has been fully updated since its first publication in 1996 to reflect developments in technology available to the traffic analyst and in the social, ecological and economic environment. New sections are included on shockwaves, data capture without surveys, traffic incidents, delay estimation, off-line use of on-line data, environmental sensitivity, and controlled crash tests. The authors introduce and demonstrate techniques with which the analyst, engineer or planner can examine traffic problems. The underlying theme is that proper understanding of traffic systems performance and traffic problems can only come from the intelligent processing, refinement, appraisal and evaluation of traffic data. Arranged in five parts, the book offers an integrated approach to tackling road traffic problems: c How to gain information and understanding about traffic c The theories of traffic flow c The principles of good survey planning and management c Specific types of traffic studies c Analytical techniques for transforming raw data into useful information. Understanding Traffic Systems provides cogent insights into the techniques of traffic data collection and analysis, the application of traffic theory and the role of data in analysis and decision making. Its breadth and use of examples from several countries make it a useful reference text for students and researchers, as well as an essential tool for practising traffic engineers and planners.