With the rapid growth of wireless communications, this book meets the strong demand for information and new research in the area of antenna, signal processing, and microelectronics engineering. Providing an interdisciplinary platform, it brings together leading academicians, scientists, and researchers to share information on innovations, trends, and advances as well as the challenges encountered in this field. The chapters address the functional framework in the area of antenna, signal processing, and microelectronics engineering and explore the concepts from the basic to advanced level. Key features: * Addresses the functional framework in the area of antenna, signal processing, and microelectronics engineering * Covers the major challenges, issues, and advances in antennas, signal processing, and microelectronics engineering * Explores optimization techniques for smart antenna and microelectronics for different applications * Explores different materials and design techniques in the area of antennas and microelectronics

Conceptually, as well as practically, digitalization is similar to the implementation of a modern computation model - the model may be a centralized setup using a mainframe or it may be extended to an N-tier architecture. Regardless of the specifics of the implementation, however, the conceptual model of data processing remains the same. Digitalization is nothing but a system relying on digital technologies to create, conduct and, potentially, expand a business activity of some sort. Digitalization can be used to create an e-commerce model for a small business or to create a global supply and distribution chain geared toward almost any kind of a business. It could also be used for non-profit purposes, such as on-line education and telemedicine or e-government. Digitalization: Contexts, Roles, and Outcomes is a contemplation and analysis of the socio-technical system that is known as digitalization. It considers the context of digitalization as well as the ways by which digitalization offers value to the context within which it operates. This book aims to offer readers an entry point to a path of inquiry into the different aspects of digitalization. The goal is to identify main directions for further inquiry as well as to outline the most obvious obstacles along the way. The book aims to guide readers on their own unique journeys using the basic ideas, principles, and concepts synthesized, developed, and presented in the book. It is beneficial to both practitioners and researchers. The book covers: The functionality of digitalization The significance of digitalization Identifying the context of digitalization Designing a control system A cognitive model for the theory of digitalization Designing a theory of digitalization The book helps readers to consider the subject of digitalization in a rigorous and rational way so their own perspectives can emerge stronger and be substantiated and reinforced by building an argument vis-a-vis perspectives and points examined in this book.

Controlling uncertain networked control system (NCS) with limited communication among subcomponents is a challenging task and event-based sampling helps resolve the issue. This book considers event-triggered scheme as a transmission protocol to negotiate information exchange in resilient control for NCS via a robust control algorithm to regulate the closed loop behavior of NCS in the presence of mismatched uncertainty with limited feedback information. It includes robust control algorithm for linear and nonlinear systems with verification. Features: Describes optimal control based robust control law for event-triggered systems. States results in terms of Theorems and Lemmas supported with detailed proofs. Presents the combination of network interconnected systems and robust control strategy. Includes algorithmic steps for precise understanding of the control technique. Covers detailed problem statement and proposed solutions along with numerical examples. This book aims at Senior undergraduate, Graduate students, and Researchers in Control Engineering, Robotics and Signal Processing.

Discusses algorithms and design methodologies for the implementation of HMI based IoT systems. Covers real-time utility of IoT based devices and systems. Provides human-machine interactive technologies and smart applications using IoT. Covers cyber-physical systems, IoT in HMI, using a blend of theoretical knowledge with a practical approach.

This book discusses the major aspects of load flow, optimization, optimal load flow, and culminates in modern heuristic optimization techniques and evolutionary programming. In the deregulated environment, the economic provision of electrical power to consumers requires knowledge of maintaining a certain power quality and load flow. Many case studies and practical examples are included to emphasize real-world applications. The problems at the end of each chapter can be solved by hand calculations without having to use computer software. The appendices are devoted to calculations of line and cable constants, and solutions to the problems are included throughout the book.

The fundamental principles of electronic device and circuit design are discussed in a clear and detailed manner along with explanatory diagrams. Various IoT-based smart applications in different fields along with challenges and issues along with prospects of IoT for future applications have also been discussed. The chapters delve into myriad aspects of circuit design, including MOSFET structures depending on their low power applications for IoT-enabled systems, advanced sensor design and fabrication using MEMS, indirect bootstrap techniques, efficient CMOS comparators, various encryption-decryption algorithms, IoT video forensics applications, microstrip patch antennas in embedded IoT applications, real-time object detection using sound, IOT and nanotechnologies based wireless sensors, and much more. It also introduces logic BIST using BS-CFSR for electronic devices that can be part of many applications in many industries, such as defense, automotive, banking, computer, healthcare, networking, and telecommunication.

The volume addresses a selection of diverse topics in such areas as: machine learning based intelligent systems for healthcare applications of artificial intelligence the Internet of Things, intelligent data analytics techniques, intelligent network systems and applications, and inequalities and process control systems.

With the evolution of technology and sudden growth in the number of smart vehicles, traditional Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) face several technical challenges in deployment and management due to less flexibility, scalability, poor connectivity, and inadequate intelligence. VANETs have raised increasing attention from both academic research and industrial aspects resulting from their important role in driving assistant system. Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks focuses on recent advanced technologies and applications that address network protocol design, low latency networking, context-aware interaction, energy efficiency, resource management, security, human-robot interaction, assistive technology and robots, application development, and integration of multiple systems that support Vehicular Networks and smart interactions. Simulation is a key tool for the design and evaluation of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) that take advantage of communication-capable vehicles in order to provide valuable safety, traffic management, and infotainment services. It is widely recognized that simulation results are only significant when realistic models are considered within the simulation tool chain. However, quite often research works on the subject are based on simplistic models unable to capture the unique characteristics of vehicular communication networks. The support that different simulation tools offer for such models is discussed, as well as the steps that must be undertaken to fine-tune the model parameters in order to gather realistic results. Moreover, the book provides handy hints and references to help determine the most appropriate tools and models. This book will promote best simulation practices in order to obtain accurate results.

In this book, experts from academia and industry present the latest advances in scientific theory relating to applied electromagnetics and examine current and emerging applications particularly within the fields of electronics, communications, and computer technology. The book is based on presentations delivered at APPEIC 2014, the 1st Applied Electromagnetic International Conference, held in Bandung, Indonesia in December 2014. The conference provided an ideal platform for researchers and specialists to deliver both theoretically and practically oriented contributions on a wide range of topics relevant to the theme of nurturing applied electromagnetics for human technology. Many novel aspects were addressed, and the contributions selected for this book highlight the relevance of advances in applied electromagnetics to a variety of industrial engineering problems and identify exciting future directions for research.

Smart materials respond rapidly to external stimuli to alter their physical properties. They are used in devices that are driving advances in modern information technology and have applications in electronics, optoelectronics, sensors, memories and other areas. This book fully explains the physical properties of these materials, including semiconductors, dielectrics, ferroelectrics, ferromagnetics and organic polymers. Fundamental concepts are consistently connected to their real-world applications. It covers structural issues, electronic properties, transport properties, polarization-related properties and magnetic properties of a wide range of smart materials. The book contains carefully chosen worked examples to convey important concepts and has many end-of-chapter problems. It is written for first year graduate students in electrical engineering, materials science or applied physics programs. It is also an invaluable book for engineers working in industry or research laboratories. A solution manual and a set of useful viewgraphs are also available for instructors.

Power systems are evolving towards the Smart Grid paradigm, featured by large-scale integration of renewable energy resources, e.g. wind and solar power, deeper participation of demand side, and enhanced interaction with electric vehicles. While these emerging elements are inherently stochastic in nature, they are creating a challenge to the system's stability and its control. In this context, conventional analysis tools are becoming less effective, and necessitate the use alternative tools that are able to deal with the high uncertainty and variability in the smart grid. Smart Grid initiatives have facilitated wide-spread deployment of advanced sensing and communication infrastructure, e.g. phasor measurement units at grid level and smart meters at household level, which collect tremendous amount of data in various time and space scales. How to fully utilize the data and extract useful knowledge from them, is of great importance and value to support the advanced stability assessment and control of the smart grid. The intelligent system strategy has been identified as an effective approach to meet the above needs. This book presents the cutting-edge intelligent system techniques and their applications for stability assessment and control of power systems. The major topics covered in this book are: Intelligent system design and algorithms for on-line stability assessment, which aims to use steady-state operating variables to achieve fast stability assessment for credible contingencies. Intelligent system design and algorithms for preventive stability control, which aims at transparent and interpretable decision-making on preventive control actions to manipulate system operating condition against possible contingencies. Intelligent system design and algorithms for real-time stability prediction, which aims to use synchronized measurements to foresee the stability status under an ongoing disturbance. Intelligent system design and algorithms for emergency stability control, which aims at fast decision-making on stability control actions at emergency stage where instability is propagating. Methodologies and algorithms for improving the robustness of intelligent systems against missing-data issues. This book is a reference and guide for researchers, students, and engineers who seek to study and design intelligent systems to resolve stability assessment and control problems in the smart grid age.

The first edition of Thermal Computations for Electronics: Conductive, Radiative, and Convective Air Cooling was based on the author's lecture notes that he developed over the course of nearly 40 years of thermal design and analysis activity, the last 15 years of which included teaching a university course at the senior undergraduate and graduate levels. The subject material was developed from publications of respected researchers and includes topics and methods original to this author. Numerous students have contributed to both the first and second editions, the latter corrected, sections rewritten (e.g., radiation spatial effects, Green's function properties for thermal spreading, 1-D FEA theory and application), and some new material added. The flavor and organization of the first edition have been retained, whereby the reader is guided through the analysis process for systems and then components. Important new material has been added regarding altitude effects on forced and buoyancy driven airflow and heat transfer. The first 20% of the book is devoted to the prediction of airflow and well-mixed air temperatures in systems, circuit board channels, and heat sinks, followed by convective (PCB-mounted components included), radiative, and conductive heat transfer and the resultant temperatures in electronic equipment. Detailed application examples illustrate a variety of problems. Downloads (from the CRC website) include: MathcadTM text examples, exercise solutions (adopting professors only) plus PDF lecture aids (professors only), and a tutorial (Chapter 14) using free FEA software to solve a thermal spreading problem. This book is a valuable professional resource for self-study and is ideal for use in a course on electronics cooling. It is well-suited for a first course in heat transfer where applications are as important as theory.

This book describes a cross-domain architecture and design tools for networked complex systems where application subsystems of different criticality coexist and interact on networked multi-core chips. The architecture leverages multi-core platforms for a hierarchical system perspective of mixed-criticality applications. This system perspective is realized by virtualization to establish security, safety and real-time performance. The impact further includes a reduction of time-to-market, decreased development, deployment and maintenance cost, and the exploitation of the economies of scale through cross-domain components and tools. Describes an end-to-end architecture for hypervisor-level, chip-level, and cluster level. Offers a solution for different types of resources including processors, on-chip communication, off-chip communication, and I/O. Provides a cross-domain approach with examples for wind-power, health-care, and avionics. Introduces hierarchical adaptation strategies for mixed-criticality systems Provides modular verification and certification methods for the seamless integration of mixed-criticality systems. Covers platform technologies, along with a methodology for the development process. Presents an experimental evaluation of technological results in cooperation with industrial partners. The information in this book will be extremely useful to industry leaders who design and manufacture products with distributed embedded systems in mixed-criticality use-cases. It will also benefit suppliers of embedded components or development tools used in this area. As an educational tool, this material can be used to teach students and working professionals in areas including embedded systems, computer networks, system architecture, dependability, real-time systems, and avionics, wind-power and health-care systems.

This book provides coverage of generation, effects, and control of harmonics, including interharmonics and measurements, measurements and estimation of harmonics, harmonic resonance and limitations, according to standards. It serves as a practical guide to undergraduate and graduate students, as well as practicing engineers on harmonics. The concepts of modeling filter designs and harmonic penetrations (propagations) in industrial systems, distribution, and transmission systems are amply covered with the application of SVCs and FACTS controllers. Harmonic analysis in wind and solar generating plants are also discussed. Many case studies and practical examples are included to emphasize real-world applications. The appendices are devoted to Fourier analysis, pertinent to harmonic analysis, and solutions to the problems included throughout the book.

Provides guidance on performance enhancement and reliability of IC chips. Provides a detailed hybrid optimization strategy for the optimal arrangement of IC chips on a board. The MATLAB program for the hybrid optimization strategy along with its stability analysis is carried out in a detailed manner.

The student's companion website and the instructor manual can be accessed here. This textbook provides the knowledge and skills needed for thorough understanding of the most important methods and ways of thinking in experimental physics. The reader learns to design, assemble, and debug apparatus, to use it to take meaningful data, and to think carefully about the story told by the data. Key Features: Efficiently helps students grow into independent experimentalists through a combination of structured yet thought-provoking and challenging exercises, student-designed experiments, and guided but open-ended exploration. Provides solid coverage of fundamental background information, explained clearly for undergraduates, such as ground loops, optical alignment techniques, scientific communication, and data acquisition using LabVIEW, Python, or Arduino. Features carefully designed lab experiences to teach fundamentals, including analog electronics and low noise measurements, digital electronics, microcontrollers, FPGAs, computer interfacing, optics, vacuum techniques, and particle detection methods. Offers a broad range of advanced experiments for each major area of physics, from condensed matter to particle physics. Also provides clear guidance for student development of projects not included here. Provides a detailed Instructor's Manual for every lab, so that the instructor can confidently teach labs outside their own research area. The manual can be accessed here.

Title: The Vacuum Interrupter: Theory, Design, and ApplicationShelving guide: Electrical Engineering Dr. Paul Slade draws from his nearly six decades of active experience to develop this second edition of The Vacuum Interrupter: Theory, Design, and Application. This book begins by discussing the design requirements for high voltage vacuum interrupters and then the contact requirements to interrupt the vacuum arc. It then continues by describing the various applications in which the vacuum interrupter is generally utilized. Part 1 of this book begins with a detailed review of the vacuum breakdown process. It continues by covering the steps necessary for the design and the manufacture of a successful vacuum interrupter. The vacuum arc is then discussed, including how it is affected as a function of current. An overview of the development and use of practical contact materials, along with their advantages and disadvantages, follows. Contact designs that are introduced to control the high current vacuum arc are also analyzed. Part 2, on application, begins with a discussion of the arc interruption process for low current and high current vacuum arcs. It examines the voltage escalation phenomenon that can occur when interrupting inductive circuits. The occurrence of contact welding for closed contacts subjected to the passage of high currents, and for contacts when closing on high currents, is explored. The general requirements for the successful manufacture and testing of vacuum circuit breakers is then presented. The general application of vacuum interrupters to switch load currents, especially when applied to capacitor circuits, is also given. The interruption of high short circuit currents is presented along with the expected performance of the two major contact designs. Owing to the ever-increasing need for environmentally friendly circuit protection devices, the development and application of the vacuum interrupter will only increase in the future. At present the vacuum circuit breaker is the technology of choice for distribution circuits (5kV to 40.5kV). It is increasingly being applied to transmission circuits (72.5kV to 242kV). In the future, its application for protecting high voltage DC networks is assured. Audience This is a practical source book for engineers and scientists interested in studying the development and application of the vacuum interrupter Research scientists in industry and universities Graduate students beginning their study of vacuum interrupter phenomena Design engineers applying vacuum interrupters in vacuum switches, vacuum contactors, vacuum circuit breakers, and vacuum contactors It provides a unique and comprehensive review of all aspects of vacuum interrupter technology for those new to the subject and for those who wish to obtain a deeper understanding of its science and application Scientists and engineers, who are beginning their research into vacuum breakdown and aspects of the vacuum arc, will find the extensive bibliography and phenomenological descriptions to be a useful introduction

This book provides a collection of papers from the Ninth Workshop on Computing: Theory and Practice, WCTP 2019 devoted to theoretical and practical approaches to computation, which was organized by four top universities in Japan and the Philippines: Tokyo Institute of Technology, Osaka University, the University of the Philippines Diliman, and De La Salle University. The proceedings provide a broad overview of recent research trends in computer science research in Asia, particularly in these two countries. The papers included in the proceedings focus on both theoretical and practical aspects of computations, such as programming language theory, modeling of software systems, applications of machine learning, empathic computing, and various applications of information technology.

This volume elaborates on mechatronics as the synergistic integration of mechanical engineering with electronics and intelligent computer control in the design and manufacturing of industrial products and processes. It considers the integration of mechanical systems (mechanical elements, components, machines), electronic systems (microelectronics, sensor and actuator technology), and information technology. The book's chapters present the principles of mechatronic systems design and solid materials in small elementary steps, provide an abundance of examples, and feature problems that are as practical as possible without becoming too involved with many extraneous details.

1 Discusses quantum mechanical principles in detail. 2 Covers recent and upcoming hybrid quantum metaheuristics in a comprehensive manner. 3 Provides comparative statistical test analysis with conventional hybrid metaheuristics. 4 Discusses step by step guide in the build-up of quantum-inspired metaheuristics. 5 Provides video demonstrations on each chapter.

This book gives a contemporary and comprehensive overview of the physics of lightning and protection systems, based on nearly 40 years of research, teaching, and consultancy work in this area. The book begins with an overview of the climatology of lightning and electric storms, as well as giving insight into lightning discharge from the preliminary discharges or processes such as corona, stepped leader, and subsequent return strokes, including the important submicrosecond threats and continuous current. The subsequent chapters present measures of lightning threat analysis to aircraft and electric power systems, protection measures to be used in high-voltage to low-voltage computer and communication systems, as well as to commercial and domestic buildings. The book discusses challenges posed by the submicrosecond lighting current changes and climate change to present and future high-voltage apparatus and structures (including carbon composite aircraft and new buildings) exposed to lightning strikes. Including worked examples, illustrations, and detailed analysis, Lightening Engineering will be of interest to electrical engineers, as well as researchers and graduate students.

The statistical bootstrap is one of the methods that can be used to calculate estimates of a certain number of unknown parameters of a random process or a signal observed in noise, based on a random sample. Such situations are common in signal processing and the bootstrap is especially useful when only a small sample is available or an analytical analysis is too cumbersome or even impossible. This book covers the foundations of the bootstrap, its properties, its strengths, and its limitations. The authors focus on bootstrap signal detection in Gaussian and non-Gaussian interference as well as bootstrap model selection. The theory developed in the book is supported by a number of useful practical examples written in MATLAB. The book is aimed at graduate students and engineers, and includes applications to real-world problems in areas such as radar and sonar, biomedical engineering, and automotive engineering.

The Lean Approach to Digital Transformation: From Customer to Code and From Code to Customer is organized into three parts that expose and develop the three capabilities that are essential for a successful digital transformation: 1. Understanding how to co-create digital services with users, whether they are customers or future customers. This ability combines observation, dialogue, and iterative experimentation. The approach proposed in this book is based on the Lean Startup approach, according to an extended vision that combines Design Thinking and Growth Hacking. Companies must become truly "customer-centric", from observation and listening to co-development. The revolution of the digital age of the 21st century is that customer orientation is more imperative -- the era of abundance, usages rate of change, complexity of experiences, and shift of power towards communities -- are easier, using digital tools and digital communities. 2. Developing an information system (IS) that is the backbone of the digital transformation - called "exponential information system" to designate an open IS (in particular on its borders), capable of interfacing and combining with external services, positioned as a player in software ecosystems and built for processing scalable and dynamic data flows. The exponential information system is constantly changing and it continuously absorbs the best of information processing technology, such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. 3. Building software "micro-factories" that produce service platforms, which are called "Lean software factories." This "software factory" concept covers the integration of agile methods, tooling and continuous integration and deployment practices, a customer-oriented product approach, and a platform approach based on modularity, as well as API-based architecture and openness to external stakeholders. This software micro-factory is the foundation that continuously produces and provides constantly evolving services. These three capabilities are not unique or specific to this book, they are linked to other concepts such as agile methods, product development according to lean principles, software production approaches such as CICD (continuous integration and deployment) or DevOps. This book weaves a common frame of reference for all these approaches to derive more value from the digital transformation and to facilitate its implementation. The title of the book refers to the "lean approach to digital transformation" because the two underlying frameworks, Lean Startup and Lean Software Factory, are directly inspired by Lean, in the sense of the Toyota Way. The Lean approach is present from the beginning to the end of this book -- it provides the framework for customer orientation and the love of a job well done, which are the conditions for the success of a digital transformation.

Asynchronous On-Chip Networks and Fault-Tolerant Techniques is the first comprehensive study of fault-tolerance and fault-caused deadlock effects in asynchronous on-chip networks, aiming to overcome these drawbacks and ensure greater reliability of applications. As a promising alternative to the widely used synchronous on-chip networks for multicore processors, asynchronous on-chip networks can be vulnerable to faults even if they can deliver the same performance with much lower energy and area compared with their synchronous counterparts - faults can not only corrupt data transmission but also cause a unique type of deadlock. By adopting a new redundant code along with a dynamic fault detection and recovery scheme, the authors demonstrate that asynchronous on-chip networks can be efficiently hardened to tolerate both transient and permanent faults and overcome fault-caused deadlocks. This book will serve as an essential guide for researchers and students studying interconnection networks, fault-tolerant computing, asynchronous system design, circuit design and on-chip networking, as well as for professionals interested in designing fault-tolerant and high-throughput asynchronous circuits.