This is the West African contribution to a series of regional studies, some twenty years in the making, on the history of irrigation, commissioned by the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage. It demonstrates that although Nigeria did not produce such old and elaborate hydralic structures as those in the Nile and Euphrates-Tigris valleys, its people nevertheless devised systems of irrigation and flood control early on in their history. It further shows that the history of agricultural development is inseparable from the social history of the people. Contents: pre-colonial period to 1900; colonial period 1900-1906; Kware irrigation scheme 1925-1963; irrigation development besides Kware 1925-1959; irrigation development 1960-1999; evolution of the federal ministry of water resources and irrigation administration in Nigeria; concept and evolution of river basin development; floods and droughts in Nigeria; drainage of agricultural lands; irrigation research, extension and training; land tenure, water laws, rights and customs; international organisations, treaties and agreements; and current problems of irrigation, drainage and flood controls in Nigeria.

Recently the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics calculated nearly 60,000 musculoskeletal injuries to healthcare workers resulting from heavy lifting during attempts to move patients. Often the nurses, aides, orderlies, and attendants who suffered permanent injuries were forced out of the profession, straining an already inadequate pool of workers and wasting valuable knowledge and ability.

Back Injury Among Healthcare Workers: Causes, Solutions, and Impacts presents the latest research on this topic from an epidemiological point of view. The book highlights case studies from actual injured workers, along with analysis of how this problem is being addressed around the world.

This in-depth study also discusses the legal and rehabilitative obstacles to returning to work, and suggests new policies for the safe lifting and moving of patients. The editors compile recommended solutions from leading names in the field, detailing how healthcare facilities can create safe work environments to prevent disabling back injuries.

This CD-ROM contains the complete papers presented at the conference Recontres Geosynthetiques, held in Bordeaux, France in October 1999. Some of the topics covered include: waste landfillng and polluted site confining; local behaviour of confining barriers; and construction quality control.

Now enhanced with 25% new material, this easily portable, applications-based manual provides a focused, quick look-up reference on hydraulics encountered in day-to-day practice. Compiles material and data from a wide range of engineering sources of interest to those who process, pump, treat, contain, and distribute water. The second edition has more illustrations, including cut-away and cross-sectional views of pipe, pumps, and other flow mechanisms; increased coverage of agri-drainage and water management issues; and an expanded look at pump designs.

Cavitation, the result of insufficient pressure in a pump inlet, is not only the major cause of loss in pump performance, but also of reduced cost effectiveness. This practical guide provides straight forward, up to the minute advice on all aspects of cavitation and NPSH, enabling the end user to improve all the factors involved. Prepared by Europump - European Association of Pump Manufacturers - this book contains the results of years of research work and practical experience by leading European educational institutions and pump manufacturers to give a valuable unbiased guide which is applicable to all types of rotodynamic pumps and related systems.

For over forty years, Materials for Engineers and Technicians has given thousands of students an easily accessible introduction to materials engineering and manufacturing processes. This renowned text is a comprehensive overview of the wide-ranging subject area, written in a straightforward, readable style. It is devoid of excessive jargon and mathematical complexity, and retains a practical down-to-earth approach. This expanded edition references specifications for materials and materials testing that have been updated to include European-wide standards of the EU. More applications of materials and case studies have been included. New content discusses the choice of materials and processes in relation to 3D printing and the importance of materials recycling and sustainability. The increased emphasis on the selection of materials reflects this aspect of materials engineering now seen within current vocational and university courses. In addition to meeting the requirements of vocational and undergraduate engineering syllabuses, this text also serves as a valuable desktop reference for professional engineers working in product design who require a quick source of information on materials and manufacturing processes.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Understand the fundamentals, methods, and processes of modern hydrology This comprehensive engineering textbook offers a thorough overview of all aspects of hydrology and shows how to apply hydrologic principles for effective management of water resources. It presents detailed explanations of scientific principles along with real-world applications and technologies. Engineering Hydrology: An Introduction to Processes, Analysis, and Modeling follows a logical progression that builds on foundational concepts with modern hydrologic methods. Every hydrologic process is clearly explained along with current techniques for modeling and analyzing data. You will get practice problems throughout that help reinforce important concepts. Coverage includes: *The hydrologic cycle *Water balance *Components of the hydrologic cycle *Evapotranspiration *Infiltration and soil moisture *Surface water *Groundwater *Water quality *Hydrologic measurements *Streamflow measurement *Remote sensing and geographic information systems *Hydrologic analysis and modeling *Unit hydrograph models *River flow modeling *Design storm and design flood estimation *Environmental flows *Impact of climate change on water management

This book introduces fundamental, advanced, and future-oriented scientific quality management methods for the engineering and manufacturing industries. It presents new knowledge and experiences in the manufacturing industry with real world case studies. It introduces Quality 4.0 with Industry 4.0, including quality engineering tools for software quality and offers lean quality management methods for lean manufacturing. It also bridges the gap between quality management and quality engineering, and offers a scientific methodology for problem solving and prevention. The methods, techniques, templates, and processes introduced in this book can be utilized in various areas in industry, from product engineering to manufacturing and shop floor management. This book will be of interest to manufacturing industry leaders and managers, who do not require in-depth engineering knowledge. It will also be helpful to engineers in design and suppliers in management and manufacturing, all who have daily concerns with project and quality management. Students in business and engineering programs may also find this book useful as they prepare for careers in the engineering and manufacturing industries. Presents new knowledge and experiences in the manufacturing industry with real world case studies Introduces quality engineering methods for software development Introduces Quality 4.0 with Industry 4.0 Offers lean quality management methods for lean manufacturing Bridges the gap between quality management methods and quality engineering Provides scientific methodology for product planning, problem solving and prevention management Includes forms, templates, and tools that can be used conveniently in the field

Biofouling is a persistent problem for many industries including the water utility services, industrial water systems and the food and beverage industry. Industrial Biofouling provides a comprehensive and informative guide to biofouling in these particular industries. Taking a systematic and novel approach, the book describes the problems caused by biofouling, how and what to use to detect it and, ultimately, how to control it. Relevant examples and case studies are used to illustrate the practical problems faced by each industry. Written by international experts in the field, this book will be essential reading for industrialists, especially those designing water systems, water distribution managers, process water engineers, environmental microbiologists, food scientists, biomaterials scientists and those responsible for public health and reduction of cross contamination within the food industry. It will also be an excellent reference source for graduates and postgraduates studying biofilms.

The multidisciplinary field of fluid mechanics is one of the most actively developing fields of physics, mathematics and engineering. This textbook, fully revised and enlarged for the second edition, presents the minimum of what every physicist, engineer and mathematician needs to know about hydrodynamics. It includes new illustrations throughout, using examples from everyday life, from hydraulic jumps in a kitchen sink to Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities in clouds, and geophysical and astrophysical phenomena, providing readers with a better understanding of the world around them. Aimed at undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers, the book assumes no prior knowledge of the subject and only a basic understanding of vector calculus and analysis. It contains forty-one original problems with very detailed solutions, progressing from dimensional estimates and intuitive arguments to detailed computations to help readers understand fluid mechanics.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. A THOROUGH INTRODUCTION TO ENTROPY THEORY AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN HYDROLOGIC SCIENCE AND ENGINEERINGThis comprehensive volume addresses basic concepts of entropy theory from a hydrologic engineering perspective. The application of these concepts to a wide range of hydrologic engineering problems is discussed in detail. The book is divided into sections--preliminaries, rainfall and evapotranspiration, subsurface flow, surface flow, and environmental considerations. Helpful equations, solutions, tables, and diagrams are included throughout this practical resource. Entropy Theory in Hydrologic Science and Engineering covers: Introduction to entropy theory Maximum entropy production principle Performance measures Morphological analysis Evaluation and design of sampling and measurement networks Precipitation variability Rainfall frequency distributions Evaluation of precipitation forecasting schemes Assessment of potential water resources availability Evaporation Infiltration Soil moisture Groundwater flow Rainfall-runoff modeling Streamflow simulation Hydrologic frequency analysis Streamflow forecasting River flow regime classification Sediment yield Eco-index

The book describes an integrated theory that links estuary shape to tidal hydraulics, tidal mixing and salt intrusion. The shape of an alluvial estuary is characterised by exponentially varying width and the absence of bottom slope. This topography is closely related to tidal parameters, hydraulic parameters and parameters that describe 1-dimensional mixing and salt intrusion. Starting from the fundamental equations for conservation of mass and momentum, analytical equations are derived that relate the topography to tidal parameters (tidal excursion, phase lag, tidal damping, tidal amplification), wave celerity, lateral and vertical mixing and salt intrusion.
The book presents a review of the state of the art, a comprehensive theoretical background and ample case illustrations from all over the world. It provides tools with which human interference in estuary dynamics can be described and predicted, resulting from, for instance: upstream fresh water abstraction, dredging, climate change or sea-level rise. In describing the interactions between tide, topography, water quality and river discharge, it provides useful information for hydraulic engineers, morphologists, ecologists and people concerned with water quality in alluvial estuaries.
Although the book can be used as a text book, it is mainly a monograph aimed at graduate students and researchers.
* Provides new integrated theory for tidal hydraulics, tidal mixing and salt intrusion in alluvial estuaries
* Presents a consistent set of analytical equations to compute tidal movement, tidal mixing and salt intrusion, derived from the fundamental laws of conservation of mass and momentum
* Serves as a practical guide with many illustrations of applications in real estuaries

This two-volume book is a comprehensive guide to designing, conducting and interpreting experiments in a broad range of topics associated with hydraulic engineering. It is the first substantial effort in hydraulic engineering to assemble in one place descriptions of all the components of experimentation along with a concise outline of essential theory to highlight the intrinsic connection between analytical and experimental research and illustrate the need for their complementary use. Providing end-to-end guidance to support experimentalists is long overdue, as most of the information can only be found in scientific papers or specialized monographs on laboratory and fieldwork practice. The book was prepared for college faculty, researchers, practitioners, and students involved in hydraulics experiments. Written by a team of more than 45 authors well-experienced in hydraulics experimentation, the book takes into account experiments performed under a range of conditions, including well-equipped and -staffed laboratories, and laboratories lacking aspects of advanced instrumentation and expertise. The book could serve as a textbook on hydraulics experiments. Its style is intentionally concise and makes frequent use of convenient summaries, tables and figures to present information. The writers provide specific guidance on methods and instruments currently used in hydraulics experiments, and emphasizes new and emerging measurement technologies and analysis methods. Extensive references enable interested readers to further explore details on each topic. Although the book focuses primarily on laboratory experiments, including hydraulic modelling, it also applies to fieldwork of varying complexity and accessibility.

A stream flowing in alluvium deforms its bed surface, forming ripples, dunes, bars, etc., and, in many instances, it deforms its channel entirely, thereby creating meandering or braiding patterns. It could be said that, in general, an alluvial stream and its deformable boundary undergo a variety of fluvial processes leading to the emergence of a multitude of alluvial forms. This book concerns the physics and analytical treatment of various fluvial processes and the associated alluvial bed and plan forms listed above. Following an introductory chapter on the basics of turbulent flow and sediment transport, the book covers the origin, geometric characteristics and effects of bed forms, from small- to meso-scale (ripples, dunes, alternate and multiple bars); the initiation, geometry and mechanics of meandering streams; the computation of flow, bed deformation and the planimetric evolution of meandering streams; and braiding and delta formation. The book also covers the regime concept, the time-development of a stream towards its regime state, and the formulation of stable, or equilibrium, morphology. The book distinguishes itself by its comprehensive analysis and discussion of key processes involved in large-scale river morphodynamics. The book was written primarily for researchers and graduate students of hydraulic engineering, water resources and related branches of earth sciences, but it will also prove useful for river engineers and managers.

Hydraulic Fracturing Impacts and Technologies: A Multidisciplinary Perspective serves as an introduction to hydraulic fracturing and provides balanced coverage of its benefits and potential negative effects. Presenting a holistic assessment of hydraulic fracturing and its environmental impacts, this book chronicles the history and development of unconventional oil and gas production and describes the risks associated with the use of these technologies. More specifically, it addresses hydraulic fracturing's use and dependence on large amounts of water as a fracturing medium. It examines the limits of reusing flowback and produced water, explores cost-effective ways to clean or effectively dispose of water used in fracturing, and provides suggestions for the efficient use, discovery, and recycle potential of non-potable water. Utilizing a team of experts from industry and academia, the text provides readers with a multiple lens approach-incorporating various perspectives and solutions surrounding this evolving technology. This book: Leads with an overview of hydraulic fracturing operations and technologies Considers a variety of legal issues associated with hydraulic fracturing Summarizes human health and environmental risks associated with hydraulic fracturing operations Discusses the analytes chosen by researchers as possible indicators of groundwater contamination from unconventional drilling processes Presents strategies for reducing the freshwater footprint of hydraulic fracturing Discusses water treatment technologies and solutions to recycle and reuse produced waters, and more Hydraulic Fracturing Impacts and Technologies: A Multidisciplinary Perspective brings together experts from disciplines that include petroleum, civil, and environmental engineering; environmental sciences chemistry toxicology; law; media; and communications; and provides readers with a multidisciplinary outlook and unbiased, scientifically credible solutions to issues surrounding hydraulic fracturing operations.

Now in its fifth edition, Hydraulics in Civil and Environmental Engineering combines thorough coverage of the basic principles of civil engineering hydraulics with wide-ranging treatment of practical, real-world applications.

This classic text is carefully structured into two parts to address principles before moving on to more advanced topics. The first part focuses on fundamentals, including hydrostatics, hydrodynamics, pipe and open channel flow, wave theory, physical modeling, hydrology, and sediment transport. The second part illustrates the engineering applications of these fundamental principles to pipeline system design; hydraulic structures; and river, canal, and coastal engineering including up-to-date environmental implications. A chapter on computational hydraulics demonstrates the application of computational simulation techniques to modern design in a variety of contexts.

What s New in This Edition

• Substantive revisions of the chapters on hydraulic machines, flood hydrology, and computational modeling
• New material added to the chapters on hydrostatics, principles of fluid flow, behavior of real fluids, open channel flow, pressure surge in pipelines, wave theory, sediment transport, river engineering, and coastal engineering
• The latest recommendations on climate change predictions, impacts, and adaptation measures
• Updated references

Hydraulics in Civil and Environmental Engineering, Fifth Edition is an essential resource for students and practitioners of civil, environmental, and public health engineering and associated disciplines. It is comprehensive, fully illustrated, and contains many worked examples. Spreadsheets and useful links to other web pages are available on an accompanying website, and a solutions manual is available to lecturers.

This textbook provides a comprehensive treatment of irrigation engineering for advanced undergraduates and graduate students. It does not require a background in calculus, hydrology, or hydraulics, offering a one-stop overview of the entire field of study. It includes everything a student of irrigation engineering needs to know: concepts of climate, soils, crops, water quality, hydrology, and hydraulics, as well as their application to design and environmental management. To demonstrate the practical applications of the theories discussed, there are over 300 worked examples and end-of chapter exercises. The exercises allow readers to solve real-world problems and apply the information they've learned to a diverse range of scenarios. To further prepare students for their future careers, each chapter includes many illustrative diagrams and tables containing data to help design irrigation systems. For instructors' use when planning and teaching, a solutions manual can be found online alongside a suite of PowerPoint lecture slides.

The International Conference on Hydrodynamics is an increasingly important event at which academics, researchers and practitioners can exchange new ideas and their research findings. This volume contains papers from the 2004 conference covering a wide range of subjects within hydrodynamics, including traditional engineering, architectural and mechanical issues as well as significant new technologies and methodologies such as bio-fluid mechanics and computational fluid mechanics.

Contents: General principles of durability design of reinforced concrete structures: State of the art; Structural features of engineering installations for storage of dry materials and liquids; Analysis of defects and damages in reinforced concrete silos, bunkers, and reservoirs in service; Analysis of main degradation processes in concrete and reinforced concrete structures of engineering installations; Analysis of models of durability for the main degradation processes in concrete and reinforcement; Investigation of statistical parameters of operational loads in engineering structures; Experimental and theoretical investigation of strength of reinforced concrete members of engineering structures under sustained low-cycle loading; Durability design of reinforced concrete structures of engineering installations based on the Limit State Method; Application of Finite Element Method in numerical investigation of durability of reinforced concrete silos; Practical methods of enhancing durability of reinforced concrete structures of engineering installations service; Conclusion; Index.

While the existing literature on offshore structures touch on model testing, a comprehensive text discussing the design, construction, instrumentation, testing and analysis of the physical model is lacking. This book fills that vacuum and provides, through its survey of the theoretical and practical aspects of physical modeling, an in-depth coverage of the technology of model testing. Its usefulness runs through the entire field of engineering, reaching far beyond its focus on offshore construction; and its breadth of scope should appeal not only to engineers and naval architects but to scientists interested in structural or hydraulic testing as well.