The management of a canal starts from setting the demand delivery accurately taking into account the crops necessities during the irrigation cycle and establishing the gate trajectories for controlling the canal in each time step. In an ideal case; the system would be controlled but someone could introduce a disturbance in the canal which could deviated the real canal state from the desired canal state. In that circumstance; it would be necessary a feedback controller which could aid the watermaster to restore the desired canal state. In order to fulfill this objective; we define an overall control diagrams scheme which splits the management of the canal control in different blocks and each of these blocks is represented by a particular algorithm. The algorithms developed and tested for us in this book are the CSI and GoRoSoBo algorithms

Rapid evolution is taking place in the water market world wide - driven by increased consumer demand allied to the rarefraction of clean water. The inherent characteristics of composites materials associated with current materials and production technology is allowing the increased use of previously high cost materials and processes at ever decreasing costs.
The Handbook is designed to bring specifiers up to speed with these materials and the new areas of application associated with them, exploring the scope, performance, cost effectiveness and environmental and legislative consequences of their use.

For this second edition of the highly successful 'Dredging: A Handbook for Engineers', Nick Bray and his co-authors have fully updated and expanded the book which covers all aspects of modern dredging including operating methods, outputs, costs, contracts and the impact on the environment. Planning and implementing dredging projects, including pre-contract works, is also well covered. The book is generously illustrated with line drawings, photographs and tables, and a useful bibliography appears at the end of each chapter. This definitive handbook will prove invaluable to engineers and managers alike, both as an initial introduction to this specialised topic and as a reference for years to come.

New edition covers technical and legislative developments
More types of dredger are included

Tropical Cyclones: Observations and Basic Processes provides a modern observational overview of tropical cyclone structure and behavior. The book is organized into two sections. Part I builds a new foundation for a basic understanding of tropical cyclone genesis, intensification, and weakening. Part II employs the basic elements developed in Chapters 2--10 to present new appraisals of the accepted WISHE paradigm of vortex intensification, storm energetics, requirements for a quasi-steady state hurricane, and more likely transient lifecycle behavior in a consistent three-dimensional flow configuration. Tropical Cyclones provides a state-of-the-art summary of the fundamentals of cyclones accessible to advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and hurricane forecasters. Tropical cyclones are one of the biggest threats to life and property even in the formative stages of their development. They include a number of different hazards that can individually cause significant impacts on life and property, such as storm surge, flooding, extreme winds, tornadoes, and lighting. Members of the Royal Meteorological Society are eligible for a 35% discount on all Developments in Weather and Climate Science series titles. See the RMetS member dashboard for the discount code.

Structure in the Sea: The Science, Technology and Effects of Purpose-Built Reefs and Related Surfaces provides a review of the history, development, status and emerging trends in research, technology and applications of artificial reef habitats and sea floor structures. The book helps readers understand, utilize and add to the research of modern reef deployment efforts, presenting a guide to equip stakeholders requiring technical foundations and best practices. Topics include materials, designs and construction methods, along with the ecology of these structures, including key aspects of the life history of plants and animals associated with artificial reefs. Rigorous research addressing ecological, economic and engineering questions, coupled with the innovative deployment of structures worldwide by diverse stakeholders, have created a synergy that makes the book a valuable synthesis and analysis for this growing subject. Thus, its broad audience includes marine (coastal and ocean) environmental sciences, including aquatic ecologists, those working in ocean sustainability and conservation, benthic habitat and coral reef restoration practitioners, and more.

Open Channel Hydraulics, Second Edition provides extensive coverage of open channel design, with comprehensive discussions on fundamental equations and their application to open channel hydraulics. The book includes practical formulas to compute flow rates or discharge, depths and other relevant quantities in open channel hydraulics. In addition, it also explains how mutual interaction of interconnected channels can affect the channel design. With coverage of the theoretical background, practical guidance to the design of open channels and other hydraulic structures, advanced topics, the latest research in the field, and real-world applications, this new edition offers an unparalleled user-friendly study reference.

Hydraulic Fracturing in the Karoo: Critical Legal and Environmental Perspectives explores a broad-ranging set of questions related to proposed hydraulic fracturing or `fracking' in the Karoo. The book is multidisciplinary, with contributors including natural scientists, social scientists, and academics from the humanities, all concerned with the ways in which scientific facts and debates about fracking have been framed and given meaning. The work comprises four parts: Part 1 provides an international, legal, energy, economic, and revenue overview of the topic. Part 2 has a physio-geographic theme, with chapters on the inter-related aspects of water, geology, geo-hydrology, seismicity and biodiversity, as well as archaeological and palaeontological considerations. Part 3 focuses on public health, and sociological and humanities-related aspects, and Part 4 addresses the relevant laws, emphasising their implementation and the role of governance. The underlying theme of Hydraulic Fracturing in the Karoo: Critical Legal and Environmental Perspectives is one of caution. The book emphasises the need for collaboration between the natural and social sciences and the responsibilities of those charged with the implementation and governance of the fracking enterprise if South Africa hopes to effectively manage fracking at all.

Coastal Hazards in Bangladesh: Non-Structural and Structural Solutions provides a review of the study of Bangladesh's coastal region, an area whose location and physical geography present the prefect microcosm for the study of coastal hazards and for the development of tactics that are applicable to regions around the world. The book presents engineers, scientists, and planners with the necessary tools and planning solutions used to combat coastal vulnerabilities in Bangladesh. Divided into seven chapters, it begins with a critical overview of cyclone and storm surge disasters, focusing on both engineering responses and public preparedness programs to such events. In addition, engineering recommendations are provided for further reduction of their impacts, such as erosion, accretion, and land subsidence, and numerical models are introduced to assess flood induced hazard and risk, flood-induced design loads, and how to intervene in protecting key installations, infrastructures, and communities.

Shale Gas and Fracking: The Science Behind the Controversy explains the relevant geological principles before examining the peer-reviewed evidence and presenting it through a simple and compelling illustrated narrative. Each chapter focuses on a particular controversy, such contamination of well water with gas from fracking, and follows a similar format: starting with the principles; then detailing peer-reviewed case studies for earthquakes, radioactivity, and climate change; and concluding with a judgment of the general risks involved. Shale Gas and Fracking: The Science Behind the Controversy provides readers with the unbiased information they need to make informed decisions on the controversial issue of fracking.

The city of Venice, Italy, has been subjected to periodic flooding, or acqua alta, for centuries. "Venice Shall Rise Again" presents a unique proposition to halt this flooding. Based on years of work and experiment, experts Gambolati and Teatini describe an innovative yet technologically simple, economically inexpensive, and environmentally friendly project to raise Venice by 25-30 cm over ten years by injecting seawater into 650-1000 m deep geological formations. This project would be conducted under conditions of absolute safety, stability and integrity conserving the unique artistic and architectural patrimony of this deeply beloved city. Beginning with a brief history of the Venetian Republic, "Venice Shall Rise Again" addresses the actions undertaken by Venice to protect the city and the lagoon from the sea and land attack for more than a millennium, including the MoSE project, a system of mobile barriers presently under construction. Detailed in its engineering details and ideas, but with enough background information and context to help the interested reader understand the concepts, this book will be of interest to all readers concerned about the fate of Venice.
Provides a history of the technical measures taken by the Venetian Republic to preserve the lagoon and the city or VeniceDetails technical specifications of a new method to secure Venice against periodic flooding

The central role that Reservoir engineers play in a field s development and planning cannot be overestimated. Recommending, the most appropriate and most cost effective reservoir depletion schemes has a great impact on a field s and ultimately a company s profitability. If done correctly, it will result in a windfall for the company but if done incorrectly or haphazardly, it will result in financial disaster. Working Guide to Reservoir Engineering is designed for technical professionals who need a "quick look up" reference for solving day-to-day engineering, management, and optimization problems. Basic and easy to use, this working guide provides those new to reservoir engineering a starting point for understanding the basics and going on to formulate effective workflow solutions. The book provides instruction on topics such as estimating reservoir reserves, enhances oil recovery methods, fluid movement and material balance and volumetric analysis.
Predict local variations within the reservoir Explain past reservoir performance Predict future reservoir performance of field Analyze economic optimization of each property Formulate a plan for the development of the field throughout its life Convert data from one discipline to another Extrapolate data from a few discrete points to the entire reservoir"

Drilling technology has evolved in order to get at the increasingly harder to find oil, and in a more environmentally friendly way. Successful drilling operations require blending many technologies. Drilling equipment and procedures have a unique language that must be conquered in order to understand drilling operations.

Working Guide to Drilling Equipment and Operations provides a fundamental, basic knowledge of the intricacies of drilling fluid, drilled solids management, drill bits, drill string design, directional drilling, cementing, casing, hydraulic optimization, and a discussion of predominant problems such as stuck pipe and lost circulation. Background information, such as: clay structure (needed to understand well bore instability and drilling fluids), discussion of pressure and pressure effects, the theory behind factors affecting drilling performance, and rock failure under pressure, are included to enhance the understanding of the drilling process and problems.
Drilling and Production Hoisting EquipmentHoisting Tool Inspection and Maintenance ProceduresPump Performance ChartsRotary Table and BushingsRig Maintenance of Drill CollarsDrilling Bits and Downhole Tools

"Pumping Station Design, 3e" is an essential reference for all professionals. From the expert city engineer to the new design officer, this book assists those who need to apply the fundamentals of various disciplines and subjects in order to produce a well-integrated pumping station that is reliable, easy to operate and maintain, and free from design mistakes. The depth of experience and expertise of the authors, contributors, and peers reviewing the content as well as the breadth of information in this book is unparalleled, making this the only book of its kind.
* An award-winning reference work that has become THE standard in the field
* Dispenses expert information on how to produce a well-integrated pumping station that will be reliable, easy to operate and maintain, and free from design mistakes
* 60% of the material has been updated to reflect current standards and changes in practice since the book was last published in 1998
* New material added to this edition includes: the latest design information, the use of computers for pump selection, extensive references to Hydraulic Institute Standards and much more

This book is an introduction to the physical processes of cohesive sediment in the marine environment. It focuses on highly dynamic systems, such as estuaries and coastal seas. Processes on the continental shelf are also discussed and attention is given to the effects of chemistry, biology and gas.
The process descriptions are based on hydrodynamic and soil mechanic principles, which integrate at the soil-water interface. This approach is substantiated through a classification scheme of sediment occurrences in which distinction is made between cohesive and granular material. Emphasis is also placed on the important interactions between turbulent flow and cohesive sediment suspensions, and on the impact of flow-induced forces on the stability of the seabed.

An overview of literature on cohesive sediment dynamics is presented and a number of new developments are highlighted, in particular in relation to floc formation, settling and sedimentation, consolidation, bed failure and liquefaction and erosion of the bed. Moreover, it presents a summary on methods and techniques to measure the various sediment properties necessary to quantify the various parameters in the physical-mathematical model descriptions. A number of examples and case studies have been included.

As the world has entered the era of big data, there is a need to give a semantic perspective to the data to find unseen patterns, derive meaningful information, and make intelligent decisions. This 2-volume handbook set is a unique, comprehensive, and complete presentation of the current progress and future potential explorations in the field of data science and related topics. Handbook of Data Science with Semantic Technologies provides a roadmap for a new trend and future development of data science with semantic technologies. The first volume serves as an important guide towards applications of data science with semantic technologies for the upcoming generation and thus becomes a unique resource for both academic researchers and industry professionals. The second volume provides a roadmap for the deployment of semantic technologies in the field of data science that enables users to create intelligence through these technologies by exploring the opportunities while eradicating the current and future challenges. The set explores the optimal use of these technologies to provide the maximum benefit to the user under one comprehensive source. This set consisting of two separate volumes can be utilized independently or together as an invaluable resource for students, scholars, researchers, professionals, and practitioners in the field.

Our world is constantly changing, governed by continuity, dynamic interactions and boundary conditions. For many coasts, the common denominators contributing to these changes are sand, waves, tides, salt gradients, and human interaction, all themes that are treated in this valuable textbook. Confining itself to essentials, the coverage reflects centuries of theoretical and practical knowledge of Dutch coastal engineers. Focussing, where applicable, on linear theory, the book shows how the essentials of local coastal behavior can be reproduced and predicted.

Integrating information from several areas of engineering geology, hydrogeology, geotechnical engineering, this book addresses the general field of groundwater from an engineering perspective. It covers geological engineering as well as hydrogeological and environmental geological problems caused by groundwater engineering. It includes 10 chapters, i.e., basic groundwater theory, parameter calculation in hydrogeology, prevention of geological problem caused by groundwater, construction dewatering, wellpoint dewatering methods, dewatering wells and drilling, groundwater dewatering in foundation-pit engineering, groundwater engineering in bedrock areas, numerical simulation in groundwater engineering, groundwater corrosion on concrete and steel. Based on up-to-date literature, it describes recent developments and presents several case studies with examples and problems. It is an essential reference source for industrial and academic researchers working in the groundwater field and can also serve as lecture-based course material providing fundamental information and practical tools for both senior undergraduate and postgraduate students in fields of geology engineering, hydrogeology, geotechnical engineering or to conduct related research.

This book offers a comprehensive review of current systems for fish protection and downstream migration. It offers the first systematic description of the currently available technologies for fish protection at hydropower intakes, including accurate and timely data collected by the authors and other researchers. It describes how to design and test them in agreement with the guidelines established from the EU Water Framework Directive. The book includes important information about fish biology, with a special focus on swimming and migration mechanisms. It offers a robust bridge between concepts in applied ecology and civil hydraulic engineering, thus providing biologists and hydraulic engineers with an authoritative reference guide to both the theory and practice of fish protection. It is also of interest for planners, public authorities as well as environmental consultants

Random waves are the most important constituent of the sea environment, as they make the design of maritime structures quite different from that of structures on land. In this book, the concept of random waves for the design of breakwaters, seawalls, and harbor structures is fully explored for easy comprehension by practicing engineers. Theoretical aspects are also discussed in detail for further studies by graduate students and researchers.

Working Guide to Pumps and Pumping Stations: Calculations and Simulations discusses the application of pumps and pumping stations used in pipelines that transport liquids. It provides an introduction to the basic theory of pumps and how pumps are applied to practical situations using examples of simulations, without extensive mathematical analysis. The book begins with basic concepts such as the types of pumps used in the industry; the properties of liquids; the performance curve; and the Bernoullis equation. It then looks at the factors that affect pump performance and the various methods of calculating pressure loss in piping systems. This is followed by discussions of pump system head curves; applications and economics of centrifugal pumps and pipeline systems; and pump simulation using the software PUMPCALC. In most cases, the theory is explained and followed by solved example problems in both U.S. Customary System (English) and SI (metric) units. Additional practice problems are provided in each chapter as further exercise. This book was designed to be a working guide for engineers and technicians dealing with centrifugal pumps in the water, petroleum, oil, chemical, and process industries.

Control the impact of cohesive sediments on open channels by managing the effects of silt, clay and other sediments in harbors, estuaries and reservoirs. Cohesive Sediments in Open Channels provides you with a practical framework for understanding how cohesive sediments are transported, deposited and eroded. One of the first books to approach the subject from an engineering s perspective, this book supplies insight into applying hydraulic design as well as understanding the behavior of cohesive sediments in a flow field.
Properties and of the nature and the origin of the interparticle physicochemical forces
The forces between clay particles and the process of flocculation
Processes and dynamics of flocculation and the hydrodynamic behavior of cohesive sediments
Transport processes of sediments by flowing water and related equations are first presented and explained
Deposition and resuspension of beds deposited from suspension from flowing waters
Engineering applications of the hydraulics of cohesive sediments"

This book covers water waves, surf zone hydrodynamics, tides in oceans and estuaries, storm surges, estuarine mixing, basic sediment transport, coastal morphodynamics and coastal groundwater dynamics.It is an introductory treatment, suitable for a first course in coastal and estuarine processes for earth scientists or engineers. Yet, there are substantial amounts of new material that are included, such as the explicit, analytical treatment of transient, forced long waves. Inclusion of this material will in turn strongly enhance the introductory treatment of tsunami, storm surges and surf beat.The treatment of sine wave theory emphasizes expressions which are explicit in the water depth h (using koh instead of kh) so that they can easily be differentiated or integrated with respect to h. This is a major pedagogical advantage because of the enhanced transparency.The treatment of turbulent mixing includes finite mixing length effects which provide an explanation for differential diffusion of different sediment sizes in suspension. The effects of acceleration skewness and boundary layer streaming are also included in the basic sediment transport models.The inclusion of beach groundwater dynamics - including the mechanisms by which waves as well as tides drive groundwater motion - provides a link between the previously unconnected fields of coastal hydraulics and regional groundwater modeling.Serving as a good reference book, it is fully indexed and comprehensively cross referenced. Abundant references to more detailed texts are also provided.

It is clear that hydraulic research is developing beyond traditional civil engineering to satisfy increasing demands in natural hazards assessment and also environmental research. Our ability to describe processes in nature rests on the observation and experimental methods as well as on theoretical basics of various disciplines. Under such conditions experimental methods draw from various areas of human activities and research, i.e. from physics, biology, chemistry, aerospace research, oceanic research etc. The current volume is the result of a meeting that took place during the 30th International School of Hydraulics in Poland and presents both the state-of-the-art and ongoing research projects in which experimental methods play a key role. Authors from numerous leading laboratories and from various countries guarantee a representative sample of different studies at the frontier of the field

Coast lines have been and still are the centre lines of civilization around the world with still increasing pressure from both sides, the hinterland and the sea, with all its foreseeable and unforeseeable impacts given by nature or mankind. While response of nature to such impacts is flexible in the way that all morphological changes with all the consequences are tolerated as part of the system, man cannot tolerate short-term or long-term changes without being threatened in its physical and economical existence. The objectives of this Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) on Environmentally Friendly Coastal Structures were:

- to contribute to the critical assessment of existing knowledge in the field of coastal and environmental protection;

- to identify directions for future research in that area;

- to promote close working relationships between scientists from different countries and with different professional experience.

Latest trends in research in coastal and environmental protection have been summarized and developed during the meeting. Seventeen papers are presented in this book, attempting to cover as completely as possible all related aspects a" coast, engineering structures, water, sediments, ecosystems in their complicated interaction.