Wood Pellet Heating Systems is a comprehensive handbook covering all aspects of wood pellet heating technology. The use of wood pellets as an alternative heating fuel is already well established in several countries and is becoming widespread as fossil fuel prices continue to rise and awareness of climate change grows. Wood pellets are a carbon-neutral technology, convenient to use, and can easily be integrated into existing central heating systems or used in independent space heaters. This fully-illustrated and easy-to-follow guide shows how wood-pellet heating works, the different types of systems - from small living room stove systems to larger central heating systems for institutions - how they are installed, and even how wood pellets are manufactured. Featuring examples from around the world, it has been written for heating engineers and plumbers who are interested in installing systems, home owners and building managers who are considering purchasing a system, advanced DIYers, building engineers and architects, but will be of interest to anyone who requires a clear guide to wood pellet technology.

This book introduces new smart connection systems which can be used in aseismic building design in order to control inter-story drifts and to reduce residual displacements. They are also utilized as damper devices and base isolators. The application of these systems to composite moment frame buildings will also be treated in the book. In addition, the book will discuss how to make nonlinear frame models used for simulating entire behavior in the building as well as advance finite element (FE) models used for accurately reproducing mechanical behavior in the local system. Will be of interest to researchers, engineers, and students in the field of civil and structural engineering.

This volume contains papers of the 9th European Workshop on the Seismic Behaviour of Irregular and Complex Structures (9EWICS) held in Lisbon, Portugal, in 2020. This workshop, organized at Instituto Superior Tecnico, University of Lisbon, continued the successful three-annual series of workshops started back in 1996. Its organization had the sponsorship of Working Group 8 (Seismic Behaviour of Irregular and Complex Structures) of the European Association of Earthquake Engineering.This international event provided a platform for discussion and exchange of ideas and unveiled new insights on the possibilities and challenges of irregular and complex structures under seismic actions. The topics addressed include criteria for regularity, seismic design of irregular structures, seismic assessment of irregular and complex structures, retrofit of irregular and complex structures, and soil-structure interaction for irregular and complex structures. Beyond an excellent number of interesting papers on these topics, this volume includes the papers of the two invited lectures - one devoted to irregularities in RC buildings, including perspectives in current seismic design codes, difficulties in their application and further research needs, and another one dedicated to the challenging and very up to date topic in the area of seismic response of masonry building aggregates in historical centers. This volume includes 26 contributions from authors of 11 countries, giving a complete and international view of the problem.The holds particular interest for all the community involved in the challenging task of seismic design, assessment and/or retrofit of irregular and complex structures.

This book presents an analysis procedure for structures that are exposed to the lateral loads such as earthquake and wind. It includes the process for calculating and distributing the effective load into structural elements, as well as for calculating the displacements for different types of structures, e.g. reinforced concrete and steel framed structures. The book provides civil engineers with clear guidelines on how to perform seismic analysis for various building systems, and how to distribute the lateral load to the structural components. This book consists of 4 chapters: The first chapter offers an introduction, while Chapter 2 discusses moment resistance frame. The final two chapters explore shear wall frames and brace frames respectively. Each chapter follows the same structure, explaining step by step all the necessary algorithms, equations and procedures for calculating 1) loads, 2) the centre of mass, 3) stiffness of structures, 4) centre of stiffness, 5) lateral loading, 6) the distribution of lateral loads, and 7) the lateral displacement. Demonstrating the implementation of real building analysis, the book provides architectural drawings and structural plans at the beginning of each chapter.

This book comprises selected papers from the International Conference on Civil Engineering Trends and Challenges for Sustainability (CTCS) 2019. The book presents latest research in several areas of civil engineering such as construction and structural engineering, geotechnical engineering, environmental engineering and sustainability, and geographical information systems. With a special emphasis on sustainable development, the book covers case studies and addresses key challenges in sustainability. The scope of the contents makes the book useful for students, researchers, and professionals interested in sustainable practices in civil engineering.

The second edition of Predicting Outdoor Sound is an up-to-date reference on the propagation of sound close to the ground and its prediction. New content includes comparisons between predictions and data for road traffic, railway and wind turbine noise; descriptions of source characteristics in the HARMONOISE model; propagation over rough seas, parallel low walls, and lattices; outlines of numerical methods; gabion (caged stones) and sonic crystal noise barriers; meteorological effects on noise barrier performance; and the prediction requirements for auralization. The book brings together relevant theories, prediction schemes, and data, thereby providing a basis for determining what model or scheme might be applicable for any situation. It also offers a background on useful analytical approximations and the restrictions, as well as difficulties and limitations associated with engineering prediction schemes. The text should be of considerable interest to researchers in outdoor sound propagation and, more generally, it should provide a comprehensive primer on the topic for lecturers, consultants and students in acoustics and noise control.

This book provides a collection of recent research works, related to structural stability and durability, service life, reinforced concrete structures, recycled materials, and sustainability with endogenic materials. Intended as an overview of the current state of knowledge, the book will benefit scientists, students, practitioners, lecturers and other interested parties. At the same time, the topics covered are relevant to a variety of scientific and engineering disciplines, including civil, materials and mechanical engineering.

The need for a skilled, motivated and effective workforce is fundamental to the creation of the built environment across the world. Known in so many places for a tendency to informal and casual working practices, for the sometimes abusive use of migrant labor, for gendered male employment and for a neglect of the essentials of health and safety, the industry, its managers and its workforce face multiple challenges. This book brings an international lens to address those challenges, looking particularly at the diverse ways in which answers have been found to manage safe and productive employment practices and effective employment relations within the framework of client demands for timely and cost-effective project completions. Whilst context, history and contractual frameworks may all militate against a careful attention to human resource issues this makes them even more deserving of attention. Work and Labor Relations in Construction aims to share understanding of best practice in the industries associated with construction and related activities, recognizing that effective work organization and good standards of employee relations will vary from one location to another. It acknowledges the real difficulties encountered by workers in parts of the developing world and the quest for improvement and awareness of some of the worst hazards and current practices. This book is both critical and analytical in approach and seeks to alert readers to the need for change. Aimed at addressing practical issues within the construction industry from a theoretical and empirical standpoint, it will be of value to those interested in the built environment, employment relations and human resource management.

Smart Buildings Systems for Architects, Owners and Builders is a practical guide and resource for architects, builders, engineers, facility managers, developers, contractors, and design consultants. The book covers the costs and benefits of smart buildings, and the basic design foundations, technology systems, and management systems encompassed within a smart building. Unlike other resources, Smart Buildings is organized to provide an overview of each of the technology systems in a building, and to indicate where each of these systems is in their migration to and utilization of the standard underpinnings of a smart building.
Written for any professional interested in designing or building smart Buildings systems, this book provides you with the fundamentals needed to select and utilize the most up to date technologies to serve your purpose. In this book, you'll find simple to follow illustrations and diagrams, detailed explanations of systems and how they work and their draw backs. Case studies are used to provide examples of systems and the common problems encountered during instillation. Some simple Repair and Trouble shooting tips are also included. After reading this book, builders, architects and owners will have a solid understanding of how these systems work which of these system is right for their project. Concise and easy to understand, the book will also provide a common language for ensure understanding across the board. Thereby, eliminating confusion and creating a common understanding among professionals.

Ethernet, TCP/IP protocols, SQL datebases, standard fiber optic
Data Networks and Voice Networks
Fire Alarm Systems, Access Control Systems and Video Surveillance Systems
Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Systems and Electric Power Management Systems, Lighting Control Systems
Facility Management Systems

Essential for any real estate professional or student performing feasibility studies for property development using Microsoft Excel and two of the most commonly used proprietary software systems, Argus Developer and Estate Master DF.

This is the first book to not only review the place of financial feasibility studies in the property development process, but to examine both the theory and mechanics of feasibility studies through the construction of user friendly examples using these software systems. The development process has seen considerable changes in practice in recent years as developers and advisors have adopted modern spread sheets and software models to carry out feasibility studies and appraisals. This has greatly extended their ability to model more complex developments and more sophisticated funding arrangements, saving time and improving accuracy.

Tim Havard brings over 25 years of industry and software experience to guide students and practitioners through the theory of development appraisals and feasibility studies before providing internationally applicable worked examples and potential pitfalls using Excel, Argus Developer and Estates Master DF.

Table of Contents

1. The background to development appraisal

a. Definition of Property Development

b. The property markets

c. The property development process in outline

2. The theory of development financial feasibility studies

a. Purposes of development appraisal and its role in the development process

b. The basic development appraisal equation

c. Market investigations and its role in shaping the scheme and determining demand

d. Financing development schemes

e. Different procurement methods and their influence on the development appraisal

f. The financial appraisal of development schemes

i. Determining Building dimensions

ii. Determining the timing of the development and its stages and phases

iii. Estimating development costs

1. Build costs

a. Estimating approaches – Superficial Area, Elemental and Detailed breakdown

b. Sources of cost information

2. The professional Team

a. The construction professionals

b. Other professionals

3. Estimating other development costs – Marketing, disposal, statutory costs, road works etc.

4. Dealing with intangible or uncertain costs

iv. Estimating development values

1. Residential projects or elements

2. Commercial property – non-specialised

a. Rental value

b. Yield and capital value

3. Commercial property – specialised

a. Hotels

b. Other income producing properties

v. Modelling different financial arrangements

vi. Sensitivity analysis

vii. The development appraisal outcome – assessing the results

3. The practice of development financial feasibility studies

a. An over view of the development of practice – from tables to proprietary software systems

b. Tools available to the practitioner – Excel and other spread sheet models and the main proprietary models ; Argus Developer and Estate Master DF

c. Worked examples

i. Modelling development financial feasibility in Excel

1. Traditional Residual models

2. Cash Flow models

3. Advantages and potential pitfalls of Excel

ii. Modelling development financial feasibility in Argus Developer

1. Simple commercial scheme

a. Land Residual

b. Project profitability

2. Modelling more complex mixed and phased schemes

a. Land residual

b. Project profitability

3. Modelling complex funding in Argus Developer

4. Modelling operated assets

a. Hotel developments

b. Golf courses

5. Overview – advantages and potential pitfalls of Argus Developer

iii. Modelling development financial feasibility in Estate Master DF

1. Simple commercial scheme

a. Land Residual

b. Project profitability

2. Modelling more complex mixed and phased schemes

a. Land residual

b. Project profitability

3. Modelling complex funding in Estate Master DF

4. Overview – advantages and potential pitfalls of Estate Master DF

Conclusions – Potential future developments/

Sustainability Principles and Practice gives an accessible and comprehensive overview of the interdisciplinary field of sustainability. The focus is on furnishing solutions and equipping students with both conceptual understanding and technical skills. Each chapter explores one aspect of the field, first introducing concepts and presenting issues, then supplying tools for working toward solutions. Elements of sustainability are examined piece by piece, and coverage ranges over ecosystems, social equity, environmental justice, food, energy, product life cycles, cities, and more. Techniques for management and measurement as well as case studies from around the world are provided. The 3rd edition includes greater coverage of resilience and systems thinking, an update on the Anthropocene as a formal geological epoch, the latest research from the IPCC, and a greater focus on diversity and social equity, together with new details such as sustainable consumption, textiles recycling, microplastics, and net-zero concepts. The coverage in this edition has been expanded to include issues, solutions, and new case studies from around the world, including Europe, Asia, and the Global South. Chapters include further reading and discussion questions. The book is supported by a companion website with online links, annotated bibliography, glossary, white papers, and additional case studies, together with projects, research problems, and group activities, all of which focus on real-world problem-solving of sustainability issues. This textbook is designed to be used by undergraduate college and university students in sustainability degree programs and other programs in which sustainability is taught.

The Art of Building has captured the interest of artists from the Roman period to today. The process of construction appears in western art in all its details, trades, and operations. Michael Tutton investigates the representation of building processes and materials through an examination of paintings, illuminated manuscripts, watercolours, prints, drawings and sculpture. Technical terms are explained and detailed interpretations of each work are provided, with insights into the artists' inspiration and themes. Even paintings not wholly or principally devoted to construction sites may give tantalising glimpses of building activity. How do these images convey meaning? How much is imagined; how much is authentic? Fully referenced endnotes, bibliography, and glossary complement the text and captions, informing not only the architectural and construction historian, but also those simply interested in art.

When an industrial accident occurs, who gets the job of investigation and loss control? In most businesses, it’s managers and line supervisors, whether or not they have any idea how to proceed. Now, there’s a ready-to-use guide to organizing and conducting accident investigations: Basic Guide to Accident Investigation and Loss Control The most important objective in accident investigation is not to establish blame, but to reveal cause and prevent recurrence. Basic Guide to Accident Investigation and Loss Control uses a cause-and-prevention approach to help you start with the most productive strategy, and finish with the most usable results. Case studies are included to present real-world applications of the principles and techniques of modern accident investigation. This vital resource gives you a brief grounding in the principles of accident investigation, plus how-to instructions for every step of the job:

• Initial response and public relations
• Choosing investigators
• Interviewing witnesses
• Documenting the scene

• Assembling an accident investigation kit
• Making the best use of photography
• Collecting written evidence
• Fault tree analysis
• Management Oversight and Risk Tree (MORT)

Brickwork Level 2 has been adapted from John Hodge's classic Brickwork for Apprentices - the established textbook on brickwork for bricklayers. Designed to meet new requirements of the City and Guilds bricklaying programmes, this book has been written to match the latest industry-based requirements and technical developments in the field, including recent changes to the Building Regulations. Each chapter follows the syllabus and contains a section of multiple-choice questions to provide trainees with vital practice for the job knowledge and multiple-choice tests. Highly illustrated throughout and now in full colour, this is the essential reference for qualified bricklayers and other professionals working in the construction industry, as well as students wishing to embark on a career in bricklaying. There is also the facility to access the Support Material on the Routledge website, which includes: PowerPoint slides for each chapter Lesson plans and schemes of work Multiple-choice questions and answers Job knowledge questions and answers Practical drawings and mark sheets

This book examines complex challenges in managing major strategic economic and social infrastructure projects. It is divided into four primary themes: value-based approach to infrastructure systems appraisal, enabling planning and execution, financing and contracting strategies for infrastructure systems and digitising major infrastructure delivery. Within these four themes, the chapters of the book cover: the value and benefits of infrastructure projects planning for resilient major infrastructure projects sustainable major infrastructure development and management, including during mega events improving infrastructure project financing stakeholder engagement and multi-partner collaborations delivering major infrastructure projects effectively and efficiently whole-life-cycle performance, operations and maintenance relationship risks on major infrastructure projects public-private partnerships, design thinking principles, and innovation and technology. By drawing on insights from their research, the editors and contributors bring a fresh perspective to the transformation of major strategic infrastructure projects. This text is designed to help policymakers and investors select and prioritise their infrastructure needs beyond the constraining logic of political cycles. It offers a practical set of recommendations for governments on attracting private capital for infrastructure projects while creating clear social and economic value for their citizens. Through theoretical underpinning, empirical data and in-depth informative global case studies, the book presents an essential resource for students, researchers, practitioners and policymakers interested in all aspects of strategic infrastructure planning, project management, construction management, engineering and business management.

This book is an introductory text on building measurement and estimating for simple buildings in Hong Kong, based on the Hong Kong Standard Method of Measurement of Building Works 4th Edition Revised 2018 (HKSMM4 Rev 2018). It provides a toolkit for students and surveying technicians who are new to the subject. This second edition updates the contents in line with the HKSMM4 Rev 2018 and incorporates the latest industry developments such as BIM. The main text is divided into five parts following the development of a typical project. Part 1, Building the project team, introduces the team setup for a typical project. Part 2, Deciding the procurement strategy, explains the various procurement decisions to be made by an employer before any cost estimating and measurement work takes place. Part 3, Preparing for tender, covers the tendering methods, tender documentation and approximate estimating techniques used by Quantity Surveyors. Part 4, Measuring quantities, introduces measurement principles and HKSMM4 Rev 2018, followed by a detailed review of the measurement methods for each major trade, with worked examples. Part 5, Estimating unit rates, explores the basic techniques for unit rate preparation. The book contains worked examples from real Hong Kong building projects, self-assessment questions, reminders and points of note. It is essential reading for Hong Kong construction and surveying students, international Quantity Surveyors working in the local area and those wanting international examples of Quantity Surveryors practice.

Creating a Culture of Predictable Outcomes demonstrates the importance of creating cultures in the design and construction industries grounded in sophisticated-caring leadership, high-performing collaborative teams, and master-level decision-making discipline, informed by values, to finally address massive inefficiencies, waste, and unpredictability. Barbara White Bryson offers specific guidance to industry stakeholders to succeed in achieving project-related predictable outcomes by focusing on culture rather than process. This includes selecting the right team members by hiring and firing bravely, valuing psychological safety, leading with values, practicing respect and transparency, fostering empowerment to make decisions at the right level at the right time, and more. This book is a must-read for design and construction professionals who want to finally understand how to set goals and meet those goals for their clients as well as for their teams.

Creating a Culture of Predictable Outcomes demonstrates the importance of creating cultures in the design and construction industries grounded in sophisticated-caring leadership, high-performing collaborative teams, and master-level decision-making discipline, informed by values, to finally address massive inefficiencies, waste, and unpredictability. Barbara White Bryson offers specific guidance to industry stakeholders to succeed in achieving project-related predictable outcomes by focusing on culture rather than process. This includes selecting the right team members by hiring and firing bravely, valuing psychological safety, leading with values, practicing respect and transparency, fostering empowerment to make decisions at the right level at the right time, and more. This book is a must-read for design and construction professionals who want to finally understand how to set goals and meet those goals for their clients as well as for their teams.

Biophilic Urbanism provides readers with the tools to create more nature-based urban environments that are climate positive, sustainable, and healthy. The principles of biophilia are intended to support appreciation and direct engagement with nature, to responsibly utilize on-site natural resources, and to plan according to climatic conditions and local ecological processes. It seeks to create resilient and equitable human places capable of providing critical life-support functions and a strong sense of community, and to foster experiences that raise the human spirit creating a sense of awe. Twenty-five pattern attributes are defined and explored, each of which contributes to these goals. Because of the dire necessity to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, Biophilic Urbanism includes discussion of our need for connections, both to nature and one another, and the physical characteristics of cities and buildings relative to the contagious qualities of the air-borne virus. Case studies, found throughout the world, are presented illustrating detailed biophilic planning and design strategies. The book will be of use to practitioners and students in the fields of natural and social sciences, behavioral science and psychology, environmental engineering, health and wellness professionals, architecture, landscape architecture, interior architecture, and planning.

This book is quite simply about contract administration using the JCT contracts. The key features of the new and updated edition continue to be its brevity, readability and relevance to everyday practice. It provides a succinct guide written from the point of view of a construction practitioner, rather than a lawyer, to the traditional form of contract with bills of quantities SBC/Q2016, the design and build form DB2016 and the minor works form MWD2016. The book broadly follows the sequence of producing a building from the initial decision to build through to completion. Chapters cover: Procurement and tendering Payments, scheduling, progress and claims Contract termination and insolvency Indemnity and insurance Supply chain problems, defects and subcontracting issues Quality, dealing with disputes and adjudication How to administer contracts for BIM-compliant projects JCT contracts are administered by a variety of professionals including project managers, architects, engineers, quantity surveyors and construction managers. It is individuals in these groups, whether experienced practitioner or student, who will benefit most from this clear, concise and highly relevant book.

This book comprises the proceedings of the conference "Future Production of Hybrid Structures 2020", which took place in Wolfsburg. The conference focused on hybrid lightweight design, which is characterized by the combination of different materials with the aim of improving properties and reducing weight. In particular, production technologies for hybrid lightweight design were discussed, new evaluation methods for the ecological assessment of hybrid components were presented and future-oriented approaches motivated by nature for the development of components, assemblies and systems were introduced. Lightweight design is a key technology for the development of sustainable and resource-efficient mobility concepts. Vehicle manufacturers operate in an area of conflict between customer requirements, competition and legislation. Material hybrid structures, which combine the advantages of different materials, have a high potential for reducing weight, while simultaneously expanding component functionality. The future, efficient use of function-integrated hybrid structures in vehicle design requires innovations and constant developments in vehicle and production technology. There is a great demand, especially with regard to new methods and technologies, for "affordable" lightweight construction in large-scale production, taking into account the increasing requirements with regard to variant diversity, safety and quality.

Applying any material to an existing concrete surface intrinsically entails the development of a bond. Considering the ever increasing importance of concrete repair and protection, which imply the creation of an interface between two materials, an improved knowledge of concrete surface characteristics is paramount. Surface engineering, which has evolved from the world of metallurgy, addresses all surface-related considerations, notably adhesion. It provides a fundamental understanding of what will make the contact between two materials effective or not, allowing for interactions of variable intensity. It also comes with a variety of scientific tools for characterizing the quality of the substrate, the properties of the new material layer and their interface. In the case of concrete surface treatment, this is especially important for achieving lasting results. This book addresses the essentials of concrete surface engineering in view of a wide variety of concrete surface treatments, from protective coatings to repairs. It provides a leading-edge source of information for practicing engineers, architects, repair specialists, and researchers on the following topics: Surface engineering principles applied to concrete Methods and techniques for assessing concrete surface characteristics Fundamentals of adhesion between concrete and surface repairs/treatments Compatibility requirements for concrete surface repairs/treatments Review of surface preparation techniques available for concrete Achievement and appraisal of bond between existing concrete and surface repairs/treatments Benoit Bissonnette is professor of civil engineering at Laval University in Quebec City, Canada. Luc Courard is professor of building materials at the University of Liege in Belgium. Andrzej Garbacz is professor of building materials engineering in the Department of Building Materials Engineering at the Warsaw University of Technology in Poland.

This newly updated edition of Wiring Regulations in Brief provides a user-friendly guide to the newest amendments to BS 7671 and the IET Wiring Regulations. Topic-based chapters link areas of working practice – such as earthing, cables, installations, testing and inspection, and special locations – with the specifics of the Regulations themselves. This allows quick and easy identification of the official requirements relating to the situation in front of you. The requirements of the regulations, and of related standards, are presented in an informal, easy-to-read style to remove confusion. Packed with useful hints and tips, and highlighting the most important or mandatory requirements, this book is a concise reference on all aspects of the eighteenth edition of the IET Wiring Regulations. This handy guide provides an on-the-job reference source for electricians, designers, service engineers, inspectors, builders, and students.

The costs of inadequate earthquake engineering are huge, especially for reinforced concrete buildings. This book presents the principles of earthquake-resistant structural engineering, and uses the latest tools and techniques to give practical design guidance to address single or multiple seismic performance levels. It presents an elegant, simple and theoretically coherent design framework. Required strength is determined on the basis of an estimated yield displacement and desired limits of system ductility and drift demands. A simple deterministic approach is presented along with its elaboration into a probabilistic treatment that allows for design to limit annual probabilities of failure. The design method allows the seismic force resisting system to be designed on the basis of elastic analysis results, while nonlinear analysis is used for performance verification. Detailing requirements of ACI 318 and Eurocode 8 are presented. Students will benefit from the coverage of seismology, structural dynamics, reinforced concrete, and capacity design approaches, which allows the book to be used as a foundation text in earthquake engineering.

Francois de Larrard is Scientific Director of the R&D centre of the LafargeHolcim group and Scientific Director of the French national project Recybeton. He formerly spent almost thirty years at IFSTTAR (formerly LCPC). He has been granted both the Robert l'Hermite medal and the G.H. Tattersall award by RILEM, and is author of two books, including Concrete Mixture-Proportioning which is also published by Taylor & Francis.