This book describes the use of free air cooling to improve the efficiency of, and cooling of, equipment for use in telecom infrastructures. Discussed at length is the cooling of communication installation rooms such as data centers or base stations, and this is intended as a valuable tool for the people designing and manufacturing key parts of communication networks. This book provides an introduction to current cooling methods used for energy reduction, and also compares present cooling methods in use in the field. The qualification methods and standard reliability assessments are reviewed, and their inability to assess the risks of free air cooling is discussed. The method of identifying the risks associated with free air cooling on equipment performance and reliability is introduced. A novel method of assessment for free air cooling is also proposed that utilizes prognostics and health management (PHM). This book also: Describes how the implementation of free air cooling can save energy for cooling within the telecommunications infrastructure. Analyzes the potential risks and failures of mechanisms possible in the implementation of free air cooling, which benefits manufacturers and equipment designers. Presents prognostics-based assessments to identify and mitigate the risks of telecommunications equipment under free air cooling conditions, which can provide the early warning of equipment failures at operation stage without disturbing the data centers' service. Optimum Cooling for Data Centers is an ideal book for researchers and engineers interested in designing and manufacturing equipment for use in telecom infrastructures.

This book is aimed at developing the elementary analysis skills, familiarity and intuitive feel for composite construction that is required by undergraduate and graduate students, and by structural engineers. It does not require a prior knowledge of advanced analysis and design techniques, but builds on simple concepts such as statics and the mechanics of materials. A topic is first introduced by a brief description, with numerous carefully-chosen examples forming an integral part of the main text. Working through the examples allows the reader to gain a full understanding of the subject, as a technique is illustrated by its application to the design of new structures, or the important area of assessing and upgrading existing structures.The techniques described for the analysis of standard structures form a basis for understanding the way composite structures work, and these techniques are applied to many non-standard forms of composite construction that are rarely covered in national standards, if at all. The book is an essential purchase for all undergraduate and postgraduate students of structural and civil engineering, as well as all practitioners.

Today's businesses are driven by customer 'pull' and technological 'push'. To remain competitive in this dynamic business world, engineering and construction organizations are constantly innovating with new technology tools and techniques to improve process performance in their projects. Their management challenge is to save time, reduce cost and increase quality and operational efficiency. Risk management has recently evolved as an effective method of managing both projects and operations. Risk is inherent in any project, as managers need to plan projects with minimal knowledge and information, but its management helps managers to become proactive rather than reactive. Hence, it not only increases the chance of project achievement, but also helps ensure better performance throughout its operations phase. Various qualitative and quantitative tools are researched extensively by academics and routinely deployed by practitioners for managing risk. These have tremendous potential for wider applications. Yet the current literature on both the theory and practice of risk management is widely scattered. Most of the books emphasize risk management theory but lack practical demonstrations and give little guidance on the application of those theories. This book showcases a number of effective applications of risk management tools and techniques across product and service life in a way useful for practitioners, graduate students and researchers. It also provides an in-depth understanding of the principles of risk management in engineering and construction.

Takes a fresh approach in that it considers the underlying reasons, and the consequences of urban change for real estate investors and policy makers, not another traditional urban economics textbook Includes chapter objectives, self-assessment questions, chapter summaries, learning outcomes, case studies, global data and statistics Most up to date UK Urban Economics textbook, it is not overly mathematical and strikes the ideal balance between theory and practical policy analysis for the real estate and planning market

Chern on Dispute Boards examines the law of dispute boards and their development internationally, while also covering procedural topics that are of particular concern to those utilising dispute boards. It deals with advanced practitioner issues in the emerging law of dispute boards on an international scale, laying out their methods and methodology not only under the common law, but also under other legal systems such as Civil law and Shari'ah law. Excelling in describing the "how and why", this book also gives samples and/or forms of actual working dispute boards that any practitioner could use and adapt to their own needs. This updated fourth edition explains the various international formats and types of dispute boards in use today and brings readers up-to-date on the ever-evolving law within the field. The text guides the reader through the complexities of actual commercial and construction disputes and their successful resolution and also presents a way forward for the dispute board members themselves to administer actual dispute boards all over the world. This book is essential reading for construction lawyers, engineers and dispute board stakeholders worldwide.

Sprayed concrete lined (SCL) tunnels are growing rapidly in popularity due to their versatility. The design and construction of both hard rock and soft ground tunnels has been revolutionised by the advent of the SCL method and now the use of permanent sprayed concrete linings has unlocked the true potential of the method to minimise construction costs and times. Yet the complex early age behaviour of the sprayed concrete makes the design difficult and requires a robust management system during construction. Consequently the great advantages of the method must be balanced against the risks, as a few high-profile tunnel collapses have illustrated. Practising engineers on site, in the design office or in client organizations will find this book an excellent introduction. It covers all aspects of SCL tunnelling - from the constituents of sprayed concrete to detailed design and management during construction. Although there is a close interdependence between all the facets of sprayed concrete, few engineers have the right breadth of experience and expertise to cover all of them. This urgently needs to be transferred to the wider engineering community as SCL tunnels play an increasingly important role in the delivery of the underground infrastructure which modern urban life demands. In this second edition, beyond a general updating to reflect new developments, the sections on permanent sprayed concrete, the innovative technology of spray applied waterproofing membranes, fibre reinforcement (both steel and macrosynthetic) and composite lining design have been expanded. Sustainability and environmental impact are addressed in a new section.

The Futureproof City creates adaptability and resiliency in the face of the unknown challenges resulting from technological change, population explosion, global pandemic, and environmental crisis. A paradigm shift is urgently required in the means of conceiving, delivering, and managing city development to create better places to live. This book brings to the fore many new solutions currently being proposed and piloted globally, identifying ten key areas affecting the physical fabric of our cities where governments, planners, investors, and the individuals responsible for shaping lives can refocus their understanding, priorities, and funding in order to more effectively utilise the limited financial, natural, and time resources available. It will be key reading for every policy maker and professional working in sustainability, development, technology, health and welfare, investment, and risk issues in cities today.

The Futureproof City creates adaptability and resiliency in the face of the unknown challenges resulting from technological change, population explosion, global pandemic, and environmental crisis. A paradigm shift is urgently required in the means of conceiving, delivering, and managing city development to create better places to live. This book brings to the fore many new solutions currently being proposed and piloted globally, identifying ten key areas affecting the physical fabric of our cities where governments, planners, investors, and the individuals responsible for shaping lives can refocus their understanding, priorities, and funding in order to more effectively utilise the limited financial, natural, and time resources available. It will be key reading for every policy maker and professional working in sustainability, development, technology, health and welfare, investment, and risk issues in cities today.

- The book tackles five cutting-edge topics in the field of urban studies: the anti-progress movement, resilient urban model, localism, the urban commons, and the bottom-up urbanism. - The use of an attractive cultural narrative, the eco-lifestyle, to analyse and interpret architectural and urban spaces. - The use of the ecological crisis as starting point and backbone of that narrative. This topic is a mainstream concern in contemporary society.

- The book tackles five cutting-edge topics in the field of urban studies: the anti-progress movement, resilient urban model, localism, the urban commons, and the bottom-up urbanism. - The use of an attractive cultural narrative, the eco-lifestyle, to analyse and interpret architectural and urban spaces. - The use of the ecological crisis as starting point and backbone of that narrative. This topic is a mainstream concern in contemporary society.

Design of Integrally-Attached Timber Plate Structures outlines a new design methodology for digitally fabricated spatial timber plate structures, presented with examples from recent construction projects. It proposes an innovative and sustainable design methodology, algorithmic geometry processing, structural optimization, and digital fabrication; technology transfer and construction are formulated and widely discussed. The methodology relies on integral mechanical attachment whereby the connection between timber plates is established solely through geometric manipulation, without additional connectors, such as nails, screws, dowels, adhesives, or welding. The transdisciplinary design framework for spatial timber plate structures brings together digital architecture, computer science, and structural engineering, covering parametric modeling and architectural computational design, geometry exploration, the digital fabrication assembly of engineered timber panels, numerical simulations, mechanical characterization, design optimization, and performance improvement. The method is demonstrated through different prototypes, physical models, and three build examples, focusing specifically on the design of the timber-plate roof structure of 23 large span arches called the Annen Headquarters in Luxembourg. This is useful for the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) sector and shows how new structural optimization processes can be reinvented through geometrical adaptions to control global and local geometries of complex structures. This text is ideal for structural engineering professionals and architects in both industry and academia, and construction companies.

The construction industry is currently experiencing accelerating developments concerning societal demands along with project complexity, internationalization and digitalization. In an attempt to grasp the consequences of these demands on productivity and innovation, this edited book addresses how innovation is likely to take place with a more long-term perspective on the construction sector. While existing literature focuses on organizational discontinuity and fragmentation as the main reasons for the apparent lack of innovation in the industry, this book highlights the connectivity of construction actors, resources and activities as fundamental for understanding how innovation takes place.Through 15 empirically grounded chapters, the book shows how innovation is part of construction processes on various levels, including project, firm and industry, and that these innovation processes are characterized by organizational and technological connectivity over time. Written by European business management scholars, the chapters cover empirical cases and examples from both a multi-organizational and a multi-international perspective in terms of covering the viewpoints of different industry actors and the contexts of several different European countries including: Sweden, Norway, the UK, Italy, France, Hungary and Poland. By illustrating how connectivity is part of innovation processes in the creation of single-product innovations, of various innovations within and across projects, as well as a fundamental aspect of the processes in which innovations cross nations, the book provides a new angle on how to understand construction innovation and where the industry might (or needs to) be heading next. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in construction management, project management, engineering management, innovation studies, business and management studies.

Focusses on all possible aspects of project appraisal and selection Emphasizes differences from public and private projects in terms of financial and economic evaluations Provides step-by-step methods of analysis of multiple issues involved in the initial appraisal of projects Includes sections on "lessons learned and learning from experience" illustrating applications of the process and implications Covers feasibility analysis including both technical aspects, and financial evaluation

Organized in order to facilitate the performance of the professional life of the new generations of engineers who will join the Electric Sector, as well as sectors dealing with hydraulic structures Contains practical step-by-step guides for designing hydroelectric plants, including legislation

Serving as a comprehensive resource that builds a bridge between engineering disciplines and the building sciences and trades, Forensic Engineering: Damage Assessments for Residential and Commercial Structures, Second Edition provides an extensive look into the world of forensic engineering. Focusing on investigations associated with insurance industry claims, the book describes methodologies for performing insurance-related investigations, including the causation and origin of damage to residential and commercial structures and/or unhealthy interior environments and adverse effects on the occupants of these structures. Edited by an industry expert with more than 40 years of experience and contributors with more than 100 years of experience in the field, the book takes the technical aspects of engineering and scientific principles and applies them to real-world issues in a nontechnical manner. The book provides readers with the experiences, investigation methodologies, and investigation protocols used in and derived from thousands of forensic engineering investigations. FEATURES Covers 24 topics in forensic engineering based on thousands of actual field investigations Provides a proven methodology based on engineering and scientific principles, experience, and common sense to determine the causes of forensic failures pertaining to residential and commercial properties Includes references to many codes, standards, technical literature, and industry best practices Illustrates detailed and informative examples utilizing color photographs and figures for industry best practices as well as to identify improper installations Combines information from a multitude of resources into one succinct, easy-to-use guide This book details proven methodologies based on over 10,000 field investigations in which the related strategies can be practically applied and appreciated by both professionals and laymen alike.

This book presents the select proceedings of the International Conference on Civil Engineering Trends and Challenges for Sustainability (CTCS 2020). The chapters discuss emerging and latest research and advances in sustainability in different areas of civil engineering, which aim to provide solutions to sustainable development. The contents are broadly divided into the following categories: construction technology and building materials, structural engineering, transportation and geotechnical engineering, environmental and water resources engineering, and RS-GIS applications. This book will be of potential interest to beginners, researchers, and professionals working in the area of sustainable civil engineering and related fields.

This book deals with a group of architectured materials. These are hybrid materials in which the constituents (even strongly dissimilar ones) are combined in a given topology and geometry to provide otherwise conflicting properties. The hybridization presented in the book occurs at various levels - from the molecular to the macroscopic (say, sub-centimeter) ones. This monograph represents a collection of programmatic chapters, defining archimats and summarizing the results obtained by using the geometry-inspired materials design. The area of architectured or geometry-inspired materials has reached a certain level of maturity and visibility for a comprehensive presentation in book form. It is written by a group of authors who are active researchers working on various aspects of architectured materials. Through its 14 chapters, the book provides definitions and descriptions of the archetypes of architectured materials and addresses the various techniques in which they can be designed, optimized, and manufactured. It covers a broad realm of archimats, from the ones occurring in nature to those that have been engineered, and discusses a range of their possible applications. The book provides inspiring and scientifically profound, yet entertaining, reading for the materials science community and beyond.

A detailed description of the physical processes taking place at the urban scale and of their role in determining people's comfort conditions in the outdoor environment An engineering-based approach to the study of urban microclimate and urban energy modelling A catalogue of technological solutions for the mitigation of the urban microclimate, corroborated by case studies spread worldwide A holistic view of how mitigation issues at urban scale do intersect with higher level topics such as circular economy and fuel poverty

First translated in English ten years after its original Dutch publication in 1962, this book has inspired practitioners for generations. It's proposal to distinguish the infill from the support - what users can individually decide in a housing process from what users share - has turned out to be feasible in practice. The Natural Relation - the interaction of people with their immediate environment and the central concept of the book - is the result of that distinction. It is essential to the well-being of everyday environment regardless of function or available resources.

A beautiful gallery of luscious backyards and exquisite entryways will inspire you to terrace and sculpt your lawn. Step-by-step instructions will walk you through the process of creating these showpieces using concrete products widely available on today's landscaping market. Over 250 color images display outdoor kitchens, front entry courtyards, water features, patio settings, flower beds, and raised seating that provide curb appeal and creature comforts to the residential environment. The potential for enhancing and reshaping the landscape is as limitless as the imagination, and this book serves as an excellent launching point. Simple, clear graphics clarify the process of retaining wall construction, making it a wonderful tool for training and inspiring amateur and professional landscapers alike.

For readers with no background in acoustics Takes a unique problem based learning approach, reinforcing basic material with progressively complex example problems with solutions. Carefully up-dates and extended from the first edition Solutions to these additional problems available to instructors on request. Suits practising engineers with no acoustics background addressing noise problems in the workplace.

The notion of ecodesign has now clearly become part of the building sector. It involves taking into consideration environmental issues that are indispensible in constructing our living environment. However, this method, which is industrial in origin, clearly shows that buildings are not the result of simply adding up technical rules. A much more demanding process underpins their development, one that engages all stakeholders in the industry and leads them towards using a new practice involving multi-criteria choices that are never unique. The object of this work is to review each of the stages in a building operation to illustrate the necessity of optimization and to observe the useful contribution that ecodesign and its tools can make. Ecodesign has been tackled from the professional point of view of those involved in construction work. In this perspective, the central tool is clearly that of the life cycle analysis (LCA). This book therefore describes the different steps of a project management cycle in accordance with a functional analysis. The product achievement is evaluated with the life cycle analysis which can be used as a measurement of its efficiency.

For readers with no background in acoustics Takes a unique problem based learning approach, reinforcing basic material with progressively complex example problems with solutions. Carefully up-dates and extended from the first edition Solutions to these additional problems available to instructors on request. Suits practising engineers with no acoustics background addressing noise problems in the workplace.

This book was written to facilitate column sizing and reinforcement design for structural engineers. It arranges the design data in a clearly structured manner, and provides quick and easy ways for engineers to compare the feasibility of multiple alternatives (various column sizes and reinforcement configurations). With the help of this book, engineers can rapidly produce outputs for architects, which the latter can incorporate into their architectural layout plans. These outputs can also benefit quantity surveyors, especially for costing purposes, and help avoid careless design errors. The book is chiefly intended for structural engineers who implement Eurocode 2 for reinforced concrete design. To gain the most from it, readers should possess a basic understanding of column design, e.g. the stresses and forces produced in columns and their reinforcements when subjected to axial load and bending moment. However, the book also provides explanatory notes for the design data tables, allowing them to be used without prior background knowledge.

This book develops a model to evaluate and assess life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions based on typical Australian commercial building design options. It also draws comparisons between some of the many green building rating tools that have been developed worldwide to support sustainable development. These include: Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) by the United States Green Building Council (USGBC), Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM) by the Building Research Establishment, Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency (CASBEE) by the Japanese Sustainable Building Consortium, and Green Star Environmental Rating System by the Green Building Council of Australia. Life-cycle assessment (LCA), life-cycle energy consumption, and life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions form the three pillars of life-cycle studies, which have been used to evaluate environmental impacts of building construction. Assessment of the life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions of buildings is one of the significant obstacles in evaluating green building performance. This book explains the methodology for achieving points for the categories associated with reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in the Australian Green Star rating system. The model for the assessment uses GaBi 8.7 platform along with Visual Basic in Microsoft Excel and shows the relationship between the building's energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions released during the lifetime of the building. The data gathered in the book also illustrates that the green building design and specifications are becoming more popular and are being increasingly utilized in Australia. This book is important reading for anyone interested in sustainable construction, green design and buildings and LCA tools.