This book constitutes the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2014, which took place in Grenoble, France, in April 2014, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2014. The total of 42 papers included in this volume, consisting of 26 research papers, 3 case study papers, 6 regular tool papers and 7 tool demonstrations papers, were carefully reviewed and selected from 161 submissions. In addition the book contains one invited contribution. The papers are organized in topical sections named: decision procedures and their application in analysis; complexity and termination analysis; modeling and model checking discrete systems; timed and hybrid systems; monitoring, fault detection and identification; competition on software verification; specifying and checking linear time properties; synthesis and learning; quantum and probabilistic systems; as well as tool demonstrations and case studies.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering, FASE 2014, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2014, which took place in Grenoble, France, in April 2014. The 28 papers included in this volume, together with one invited talk, were carefully reviewed and selected from 125 submissions. They have been organized in topical sections on: modeling and model transformation; time and performance; static analysis; scenario-based specification; software verification; analysis and repair; verification and validation; graph transformation and debugging and testing.

DLP denotes a dynamic-linear modeling and optimization approach to computational decision support for resource planning problems that arise, typically, within the natural resource sciences and the disciplines of operations research and operational engineering. The text examines the techniques of dynamic programming (DP) and linear programming (LP). DLP also connotes a broad modeling/algorithmic concept that has numerous areas of application. Two motivating examples provide a linking thread through the main chapters. The appendix provides a demonstration program, executable on a PC, for hands-on experience with the DLP approach.

This volume constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Verified Software: Theories, Tools, and Experiments, VSTTE 2013, held in Menlo Park, CA, USA, in May 2013. The 17 revised full papers presented were carefully revised and selected from 35 submissions. The papers address a wide range of topics including education, requirements modeling, specification languages, specification/verification case-studies, formal calculi, software design methods, automatic code generation, refinement methodologies, compositional analysis, verification tools, tool integration, benchmarks, challenge problems, and integrated verification environments.

This SpringerBrief explains how to create a Rails web application with JRuby, a 100% Java implementation for Ruby. This brief demonstrates how Oracle (R) WebLogic servers and JBoss (R) application servers deploy the JRuby application, how JRuby runs on the Java (R) Virtual Machine, and how JRuby is the basis for popular websites including LinkedIn, Oracle Mix, and Mingle. The Oracle (R) database and Oracle (R) MySQL database are used as the basis for the JRuby Rails application. Chapters also cover enabling Flash, developing the JRuby application using Ruby syntax, and deploying applications through Java EE WAR. Hands-on and practical, this SpringerBrief is designed for web developers and researchers interested in JRuby. It is also a useful guide for advanced-level students interested in creating a new web application.

"Computer Science: The Hardware, Software and Heart of It" focuses on the deeper aspects of the two recognized subdivisions of Computer Science, Software and Hardware. These subdivisions are shown to be closely interrelated as a result of the stored-program concept. Computer Science: The Hardware, Software and Heart of It includes certain classical theoretical computer science topics such as Unsolvability (e.g. the halting problem) and Undecidability (e.g. Godel s incompleteness theorem) that treat problems that exist under the Church-Turing thesis of computation. These problem topics explain inherent limits lying at the heart of software, and in effect define boundaries beyond which computer science professionals cannot go beyond. Newer topics such as Cloud Computing are also covered in this book. After a survey of traditional programming languages (e.g. Fortran and C++), a new kind of computer Programming for parallel/distributed computing is presented using the message-passing paradigm which is at the heart of large clusters of computers. This leads to descriptions of current hardware platforms for large-scale computing, such as clusters of as many as one thousand which are the new generation of supercomputers. This also leads to a consideration of future quantum computers and a possible escape from the Church-Turing thesis to a new computation paradigm.

The book s historical context is especially helpful during this, the centenary of Turing's birth. Alan Turing is widely regarded as the father of Computer Science, since many concepts in both the hardware and software of Computer Science can be traced to his pioneering research. Turing was a multi-faceted mathematician-engineer and was able to work on both concrete and abstract levels. This book shows how these two seemingly disparate aspects of Computer Science are intimately related. Further, the book treats the theoretical side of Computer Science as well, which also derives from Turing's research.

"Computer Science: The Hardware, Software and Heart of It" is designed as a professional book for practitioners and researchers working in the related fields of Quantum Computing, Cloud Computing, Computer Networking, as well as non-scientist readers. Advanced-level and undergraduate students concentrating on computer science, engineering and mathematics will also find this book useful."

* Includes complete decompiler source * Includes complete obfuscator source * Includes a comprehensive chapter on strategies for protecting your code * Covers the basic theory behind many of the decompilers and obfuscators available on the market

The Ada 2012 Reference Manual is an enhanced version of the text of International Standard ISO/IEC 8652/2012(E) for the programming language Ada. The Ada 2012 Reference Manual combines all of the previous corrections of Technical Corrigendum 1 and Amendment 1 with changes and additions that improve the capabilities of the language and the reliability of programs written in the language. The Ada 2012 Reference Manual will replace the former versions as an indispensable working companion for anybody using Ada professionally or learning and studying the language systematically.

This Festschrift volume, published in honor of Kokichi Futatsugi, contains 31 invited contributions from internationally leading researchers in formal methods and software engineering. Prof. Futatsugi is one of the founding fathers of the field of algebraic specification and verification and is a leading researcher in formal methods and software engineering. He has pioneered and advanced novel algebraic methods and languages supporting them such as OBJ and CafeOBJ and has worked tirelessly over the years to bring such methods and tools in contact with software engineering practice. This volume contains contributions from internationally leading researchers in formal methods and software engineering.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering, ENASE 2013, held in Angers, France, in July 2013. The 18 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions. The papers reflect a growing effort to increase the dissemination of new results among researchers and professionals related to evaluation of novel approaches to software engineering. By comparing novel approaches with established traditional practices and by evaluating them against software quality criteria, the ENASE conferences advance knowledge and research in software engineering, identify most hopeful trends, and propose new directions for consideration by researchers and practitioners involved in large-scale software development and integration.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Symposium on Practical Aspects of Declarative Languages, PADL 2014, held in SanDiego, CA, USA, in January 2014, co-located with POPL 2014, the 41st Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages. The 15 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 27 submissions. They cover a wide range of topics related to logic and functional programing, including language support for parallelism and GPUs, constructs and techniques for modularity and extensibility, and applications of declarative programming to document processing and DNA simulation.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence and Reasoning, LPAR-19, held in December 2013 in Stellenbosch, South Africa. The 44 regular papers and 8 tool descriptions and experimental papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 152 submissions. The series of International Conferences on Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence and Reasoning (LPAR) is a forum where year after year, some of the most renowned researchers in the areas of logic, automated reasoning, computational logic, programming languages and their applications come to present cutting-edge results, to discuss advances in these fields and to exchange ideas in a scientifically emerging part of the world.

This book constitutes the refereed post-proceedings of the 10th International Symposium on Advanced Parallel Processing Technologies, APPT 2013, held in Stockholm, Sweden, in August 2013. The 30 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 62 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics capturing some of the state of the art and practice in parallel architecture, parallel software, concurrent and distributed systems, and cloud computing, with a highlight on computing systems for big data applications.

This book contains the selected peer-reviewed and revised papers from the 24th International Symposium on Implementation and Application of Functional Languages, IFL 2012, held in Oxford, UK, in August/September 2012. The 14 papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 28 revised submissions received from originally 37 presentations at the conference. The papers relate to the implementation and application of functional languages and function-based programming.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Third International Conference on Certified Programs and Proofs, CPP 2013, colocated with APLAS 2013 held in Melbourne, Australia, in December 2013. The 18 revised regular papers presented together with 1 invited lecture were carefully reviewed and selected from 39 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on code verification, elegant proofs, proof libraries, certified transformations and security.

Logic Programming is the name given to a distinctive style of programming, very different from that of conventional programming languages such as C++ and Java. By far the most widely used Logic Programming language is Prolog. Prolog is a good choice for developing complex applications, especially in the field of Artificial Intelligence. Logic Programming with Prolog does not assume that the reader is an experienced programmer or has a background in Mathematics, Logic or Artificial Intelligence. It starts from scratch and aims to arrive at the point where quite powerful programs can be written in the language. It is intended both as a textbook for an introductory course and as a self-study book. On completion readers will know enough to use Prolog in their own research or practical projects. Each chapter has self-assessment exercises so that readers may check their own progress. A glossary of the technical terms used completes the book. This second edition has been revised to be fully compatible with SWI-Prolog, a popular multi-platform public domain implementation of the language. Additional chapters have been added covering the use of Prolog to analyse English sentences and to illustrate how Prolog can be used to implement applications of an 'Artificial Intelligence' kind. Max Bramer is Emeritus Professor of Information Technology at the University of Portsmouth, England. He has taught Prolog to undergraduate computer science students and used Prolog in his own work for many years.

Objective-C Programmer's Reference provides the tools necessary to write software in Objective-C--the language of choice for developing iOS and OS X applications. Author Carlos Oliveira begins from the basic building blocks of the language. He shows how to create correct and efficient applications by applying your knowledge of object-oriented and structured programming. This book: * Takes you quickly through fundamental concepts such as interfaces and class implementations. * Provides a concise reference to the Foundation Framework that is all-important when programming in Objective-C. * Highlights key differences between Objective-C and other popular languages such as Java or Python. * Provides the fundamentals of Cocoa and Cocoa Touch, which are the standard for OS X and iOS development. Objective-C Programmer's Reference makes extensive use of concepts already mastered by developers who are fluent in other languages such as C++, Java, Perl, and Python. The author's approach is logical and structured, and even novice developers will have an easy time absorbing the most important topics necessary to program in Objective-C.Objective-C Programmer's Reference is a book for professional developers in Objective-C, or those who are moving to Objective-C from other languages. The book is written for readers who lack the time to invest in more traditional books, which usually spend hundreds of pages to explain concepts that are part of the working programmer's standard vocabulary. What you'll learn * Grasp the basic syntax of the Objective-C language. * Create classes and methods in Objective-C. * Apply Objective-C's message-passing mechanism to simplify your code and avoid deep class hierarchies. * Store and access dynamic data through Objective-C's built-in, key-value system. * Make effective use of container classes such as arrays and dictionaries with their immutable and mutable versions. * Create simple applications for iPhones, iPads, Macbooks, and other iOS and Mac OS X devices. Who this book is for Objective-C Programmer's Reference is for programmers in Objective-C who are looking for a handy reference to keep them on top of their game.The book is also designed for programmers moving to Objective-C from some other language, especially from another C-like language such as Java or C#, providing just that additional bit that is needed to transfer their expertise into Objective-C and get a leg up on creating applications for the iOS and OS X platforms underlying Apple's hugely successful devices such as the iPhone, iPad, and Macbook.

Java is one of the most widely used programming languages today. It was first released by Sun Microsystems in 1995. Over the years, its popularity has grown to the point where it plays an important role in most of our lives. From laptops to data centers, game consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell phones to the Internet, Java is everywhere! There are tons of applications and heaps of websites that will not work unless you have Java installed, and more are created every day. And, of course, Java is used to power what has become the world's most dominant mobile platform, Android. Advanced Topics In Java teaches the algorithms and concepts that any budding software developer should know. You'll delve into topics such as sorting, searching, merging, recursion, random numbers and simulation, among others. You will increase the range of problems you can solve when you learn how to create and manipulate versatile and popular data structures such as binary trees and hash tables. This book assumes you have a working knowledge of basic programming concepts such as variables, constants, assignment, selection (if..else) and looping (while, for). It also assumes you are comfortable with writing functions and working with arrays. If you study this book carefully and do the exercises conscientiously, you would become a better and more agile software developer, more prepared to code today's applications - no matter the language.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Haifa Verification Conference, HVC 2013, held in Haifa, Israel in November 2013. The 24 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 49 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on SAT and SMT-based verification, software testing, supporting dynamic verification, specification and coverage, abstraction and model presentation.

Logic grammars have found wide application both in natural language processing and in formal applications such as compiler writing. This book introduces the main concepts involving natural and formal language processing in logic programming, and discusses typical problems which the reader may encounter, proposing various methods for solving them. The basic material is presented in depth; advanced material, involving new logic grammar formalisms and applications, is presented with a view towards breadth. Major sections of the book include: grammars for formal language and linguistic research, writing a simple logic grammar, different types of logic grammars, applications, and logic grammars and concurrency. This book is intended for those interested in logic programming, artificial intelligence, computational linguistics, Fifth Generation computing, formal languages and compiling techniques. It may be read profitably by upper-level undergraduates, post-graduate students, and active researchers on the above-named areas. Some familiarity with Prolog and logic programming would be helpful; the authors, however, briefly describe Prolog and its relation to logic grammars. After reading Logic Grammars, the reader will be able to cope with the ever-increasing literature of this new and exciting field.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 25th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Testing Software and Systems, ICTSS 2013, held in Istanbul, Turkey, in November 2013. The 17 revised full papers presented together with 3 short papers were carefully selected from 68 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on model-based testing, testing timed and concurrent systems, test suite selection and effort estimation, tools and languages, and debugging.

Ada 2012 is the latest version of the international standard for the programming language Ada. It is designated ISO/IEC 8652:2012 (E) and is a new edition replacing the 2005 version. The primary goals for the new version were to further enhance its capabilities particularly in those areas where its reliability and predictability are of great value. Many important new features have been included such as those defining dynamic contracts and for handling multiprocessors and are integrated within the existing language framework in an elegant and coherent manner. The Ada 2012 Rationale describes not only the changes from Ada 2005 but also the reason for the changes. It starts with an introduction providing a general overview and this is followed by seven chapters focusing on contracts and aspects; extended expressions; structure and visibility; tasking and real time; iterators and pools; predefined library and containers. The book concludes with an epilogue largely concerned with compatibility issues.

"Combinatorial Programming" are two words whose juxtaposition still strike us as unusual, nevertheless their association in recent years adequately reflects the preoccupations underlying differing work fields, and their importance will increase both from methodology and application view points. To those who like definitions and consider the function of this book to furnish one for combinatorial programming, I will simply say that it is precise ly this which is exclusively treated here and which in the eyes of the autors is the heart of this branch of applied mathematics. Such was the initial intention of those who in the spring of 1973 gathered tog ther in Paris to state the work of the Advanced Study Institute from which this book arises. As young as combinatorial programming is, it was easy to see that a two week school was insufficient to cover the subject in an exhaustive manner. Finally the decision had to be taken to reduce to book form, and to organise within this particular means of expression, the essential syntheses and communications. Unfortunately the discussions, the round tables, and the majority of the case studies could not be included in this book which is more of a hand-book on the subject. XIV PREFACE The choice and orientation of the surveys has been guided by two criteria: the importance of already accomplished work, and the originality of the survey to be undertaken."

Contains everything that a project team needs to know about the development and deployment of Web services with the IBM WebSphere product family. Included will be examples for all development artifacts in a format that can be reused in the reader s project. It combines the authors own practical experiences with consolidated information on the latest product capabilities in a unique approach that allows the book to be easily accessible to a broad spectrum of readers. Finding a balance between a euphoric/optimistic and down-to earth/realistic view on the subject, this book will be an essential part of every Web service developer s bookshelf.

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This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems, MODELS 2013, held in Miami, FL, USA, in September/October 2013. The 47 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 180 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: tool support; dependability; comprehensibility; testing; evolution; verification; product lines; semantics; domain-specific modeling languages; models@RT; design and architecture; model transformation; model analysis; and system synthesis.