This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Software Architecture, ECSA 2014, held in Vienna, Austria, in August 2014. The 16 full papers and 18 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 91 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: architecture decisions and knowledge; architecture patterns and anti-patterns; reference architectures and metamodels; architecture description languages; enterprise architecture, SOA and cloud computing; components and connectors; quality attributes; and architecture analysis and verification.

Formal Methods for Open Object-Based Distributed Systems V brings together research in three important and related fields: * Formal methods; * Distributed systems; * Object-based technology. Such a convergence is representative of recent advances in the field of distributed systems, and provides links between several scientific and technological communities. The wide scope of topics covered in this volume range in subject from UML to object-based languages and calculi and security, and in approach from specification to case studies and verification. This volume comprises the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Formal Methods for Open Object-Based Distributed Systems (FMOODS 2002), which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and held in Enschede, The Netherlands in March 2002.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency, PETRI NETS 2014, held in Tunis, Tunisia, in June 2014. The 15 regular papers and 4 tool papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. In addition the book contains 3 invited talks in full paper length. The papers cover various topics in the field of Petri nets and related models of concurrency.

For more and more systems, software has moved from a peripheral to a central role, replacing mechanical parts and hardware and giving the product a competitive edge. Consequences of this trend are an increase in: the size of software systems, the variability in software artifacts, and the importance of software in achieving the system-level properties. Software architecture provides the necessary abstractions for managing the resulting complexity. We here introduce the Third Working IEEFlIFIP Conference on Software Architecture, WICSA3. That it is already the third such conference is in itself a clear indication that software architecture continues to be an important topic in industrial software development and in software engineering research. However, becoming an established field does not mean that software architecture provides less opportunity for innovation and new directions. On the contrary, one can identify a number of interesting trends within software architecture research. The first trend is that the role of the software architecture in all phases of software development is more explicitly recognized. Whereas initially software architecture was primarily associated with the architecture design phase, we now see that the software architecture is treated explicitly during development, product derivation in software product lines, at run-time, and during system evolution. Software architecture as an artifact has been decoupled from a particular lifecycle phase.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering, ENASE 2013, held in Angers, France, in July 2013. The 18 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions. The papers reflect a growing effort to increase the dissemination of new results among researchers and professionals related to evaluation of novel approaches to software engineering. By comparing novel approaches with established traditional practices and by evaluating them against software quality criteria, the ENASE conferences advance knowledge and research in software engineering, identify most hopeful trends, and propose new directions for consideration by researchers and practitioners involved in large-scale software development and integration.

TEX has always been regarded as the most elegant and powerful system for computer typesetting. However, its widespread use beyond academia was hampered by its complexity. Recently, fairly good TEX implementations have come out for PC's putting TEX on the disks of many people including writers, designers, desktop publishers, and engineers. Consequently, interest in TEX has surged. What is needed at this point is a book that teaches step-by-step how to use TEX, illustrating each step with relevant examples. This is exactly what S. v. Bechtolsheim's book does. It is a tutorial and guide for the first-time user of TEX, as well as a reference for the more experienced "TEXpert." TEX in Practice will appear as a four volume set, starting with TEX in Practice, Volume 1: Basics; TEX in Practice, Volume 2: Paragraphs, Math and Fonts; TEX in Practice, Volume 3: Tokens, Macros; TEX in Practice, Volume 4: Output Routines, Tables. TEX in Practice will be an indispensable reference for the TEX community and a guide through the first step for the TEX novice.

Java is one of the most widely used programming languages today. It was first released by Sun Microsystems in 1995. Over the years, its popularity has grown to the point where it plays an important role in most of our lives. From laptops to data centers, game consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell phones to the Internet, Java is everywhere! There are tons of applications and heaps of websites that will not work unless you have Java installed, and more are created every day. And, of course, Java is used to power what has become the world's most dominant mobile platform, Android. Advanced Topics In Java teaches the algorithms and concepts that any budding software developer should know. You'll delve into topics such as sorting, searching, merging, recursion, random numbers and simulation, among others. You will increase the range of problems you can solve when you learn how to create and manipulate versatile and popular data structures such as binary trees and hash tables. This book assumes you have a working knowledge of basic programming concepts such as variables, constants, assignment, selection (if..else) and looping (while, for). It also assumes you are comfortable with writing functions and working with arrays. If you study this book carefully and do the exercises conscientiously, you would become a better and more agile software developer, more prepared to code today's applications - no matter the language.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2013, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2013, which took place in Rome, Italy, in March 2013. The 31 papers, presented together with a full-length invited talk, were carefully reviewed and selected from 120 full submissions. The contributions have been organized according to ten topical sections on programming techniques; programming tools; separation logic; gradual typing; shared-memory concurrency and verification; process calculi; taming concurrency; model checking and verification; weak-memory concurrency and verification; and types, inference, and analysis.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Compiler Construction, CC 2013, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2013, which took place in Rome, Italy, in March 2013. The 13 papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. They have been organized into five topical sections on register allocation, pointer analysis, data and information flow, machine learning, and refactoring.

The LNCS journal Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development is devoted to all facets of aspect-oriented software development (AOSD) techniques in the context of all phases of the software life cycle, from requirements and design to implementation, maintenance and evolution. The focus of the journal is on approaches for systematic identification, modularization, representation and composition of crosscutting concerns, i.e., the aspects and evaluation of such approaches and their impact on improving quality attributes of software systems. This volume, the 10th in the Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development series, contains revised, extended versions of the top five papers presented at AOSD 2012. The topics covered include debugging, analysis of software product lines, distributed software architectures, and empirical study of language support for software evolution.

Mountaineers use pitons to protect themselves from falls. The lead climber wears a harness to which a rope is tied. As the climber ascends, the rope is paid out by a partner on the ground. As described thus far, the climber receives no protection from the rope or the partner. However, the climber generally carries several spike-like pitons and stops when possible to drive one into a small crack or crevice in the rock face. After climbing just above the piton, the climber clips the rope to the piton, using slings and carabiners. A subsequent fall would result in the climber hanging from the piton if the piton stays in the rock, the slings and carabiners do not fail, the rope does not break, the partner is holding the rope taut and secure, and the climber had not climbed too high above the piton before falling. The climber's safety clearly depends on all of the components of the system. But the piton is distinguished because it connects the natural to the artificial. In 1987 I designed an assembly-level language for Warren Hunt's FM8501 verified microprocessor. I wanted the language to be conveniently used as the object code produced by verified compilers. Thus, I envisioned the language as the first software link in a trusted chain from verified hardware to verified applications programs. Thinking of the hardware as the "rock" I named the language "Piton."

JR is an extension of the Java programming language with additional concurrency mechanisms based on those in the SR (Synchronizing Resources) programming language. The JR implementation executes on UNIX-based systems (Linux, Mac OS X, and Solaris) and Windows-based systems. It is available free from the JR webpage. This book describes the JR programming language and illustrates how it can be used to write concurrent programs for a variety of applications. This text presents numerous small and large example programs. The source code for all programming examples and the given parts of all programming exercises are available on the JR webpage. Dr. Ronald A. Olsson and Dr. Aaron W. Keen, the authors of this text, are the designers and implementors of JR.

This book constitutes the Proceedings of the IFIP Working Conference PRO COMET'98, held 8-12 June 1998 at Shelter Island, N.Y. The conference is organized by the t'wo IFIP TC 2 Working Groups 2.2 Formal Description of Programming Concepts and 2.3 Programming Methodology. WG2.2 and WG2.3 have been organizing these conferences every four years for over twenty years. The aim of such Working Conferences organized by IFIP Working Groups is to bring together leading scientists in a given area of computer science. Participation is by invitation only. As a result, these conferences distinguish themselves from other meetings by extensive and competent technical discus sions. PROCOMET stands for Programming Concepts and Methods, indicating that the area of discussion for the conference is the formal description of pro gramming concepts and methods, their tool support, and their applications. At PROCOMET working conferences, papers are presented from this whole area, reflecting the interest of the individuals in WG2.2 and WG2.3.

The development of a methodology for using logic databases is essential if new users are to be able to use these systems effectively to solve their problems, and this remains a largely unrealized goal. A workshop was organized in conjunction with the ILPS '93 Conference in Vancouver in October 1993 to provide a forum for users and implementors of deductive systems to share their experience. The emphasis was on the use of deductive systems. In addition to paper presentations, a number of systems were demonstrated. The papers of this book were drawn largely from the papers presented at the workshop, which have been extended and revised for inclusion here, and also include some papers describing interesting applications that were not discussed at the workshop. The applications described here should be seen as a starting point: a number of promising application domains are identified, and several interesting application packages are described, which provide the inspiration for further development.Declarative rule-based database systems hold a lot of promise in a wide range of application domains, and we need a continued stream of application development to better understand this potential and how to use it effectively. This book contains the broadest collection to date of papers describing implemented, significant applications of logic databases, and database systems as well as potential database users in such areas as scientific data management and complex decision support.

To construct a compiler for a modern higher-level programming languagel one needs to structure the translation to a machine-like intermediate language in a way that reflects the semantics of the language. little is said about such struc turing in compiler texts that are intended to cover a wide variety of program ming languages. More is said in the Iiterature on semantics-directed compiler construction [1] but here too the viewpoint is very general (though limited to 1 languages with a finite number of syntactic types). On the other handl there is a considerable body of work using the continuation-passing transformation to structure compilers for the specific case of call-by-value languages such as SCHEME and ML [21 3]. ln this paperl we will describe a method of structuring the translation of ALGOL-like languages that is based on the functor-category semantics devel oped by Reynolds [4] and Oles [51 6]. An alternative approach using category theory to structure compilers is the early work of F. L. Morris [7]1 which anticipates our treatment of boolean expressionsl but does not deal with procedures. 2 Types and Syntax An ALGOL-like language is a typed lambda calculus with an unusual repertoire of primitive types. Throughout most of this paper we assume that the primi tive types are comm(and) int(eger)exp(ression) int(eger)acc(eptor) int(eger)var(iable) I and that the set 8 of types is the least set containing these primitive types and closed under the binary operation -.

This book had its genesis in the following piece of computer mail: From allegra joan-b Tue Dec 18 09:15:54 1984 To: sola hjb Subject: lispm Hank, I've been talking with Mark Plotnik and Bill Gale about asking you to conduct a basic course on using the lisp machine. Mark, for instance, would really like to cover basics like the flavor system, etc., so he could start doing his own programming without a lot of trial and error, and Bill and I would be interested in this, too. I'm quite sure that Mark Jones, Bruce, Eric and Van would also be really interested. Would you like to do it? Bill has let me know that if you'd care to set something up, he's free to meet with us anytime this week or next (although I'll only be here on Wed. next week) so we can come up with a plan. What do you think? Joan.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Unifying Theories of Programming, UTP 2012, held in Paris, France, in August 2012, co-located with the 18th International Symposium on Formal Methods, FM 2012. The 8 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited talks and one invited lecture were carefully reviewed and selected from 13 submissions.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Software Language Engineering, SLE 2012, held in Dresden, Germany, in September 2012. The 17 papers presented together with 2 tool demonstration papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 62 submissions. SLE's foremost mission is to encourage and organize communication between communities that have traditionally looked at software languages from different, more specialized, and yet complementary perspectives. SLE emphasizes the fundamental notion of languages as opposed to any realization in specific technical spaces.

Automatic code generation is an essential cornerstone of model-driven approaches to software development. Currently, lots of techniques are available that support the specification and implementation of code generators, such as engines based on templates or rule-based transformations. All those techniques have in common that code generators are either directly programmed or described by means of textual specifications. This monograph presents Genesys, a general approach, which advocates the graphical development of code generators for arbitrary source and target languages, on the basis of models and services. In particular, it is designed to support incremental language development on arbitrary metalevels. The use of models allows building code generators in a truly platform-independent and domain-specific way. Furthermore, models are amenable to formal verification methods such as model checking, which increase the reliability and robustness of the code generators. Services enable the reuse and integration of existing code generation frameworks and tools regardless of their complexity, and at the same time manifest as easy-to-use building blocks which facilitate agile development through quick interchangeability. Both, models and services, are reusable and thus form a growing repository for the fast creation and evolution of code generators.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering, FASE 2014, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2014, which took place in Grenoble, France, in April 2014. The 28 papers included in this volume, together with one invited talk, were carefully reviewed and selected from 125 submissions. They have been organized in topical sections on: modeling and model transformation; time and performance; static analysis; scenario-based specification; software verification; analysis and repair; verification and validation; graph transformation and debugging and testing.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, TACAS 2014, which took place in Grenoble, France, in April 2014, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2014. The total of 42 papers included in this volume, consisting of 26 research papers, 3 case study papers, 6 regular tool papers and 7 tool demonstrations papers, were carefully reviewed and selected from 161 submissions. In addition the book contains one invited contribution. The papers are organized in topical sections named: decision procedures and their application in analysis; complexity and termination analysis; modeling and model checking discrete systems; timed and hybrid systems; monitoring, fault detection and identification; competition on software verification; specifying and checking linear time properties; synthesis and learning; quantum and probabilistic systems; as well as tool demonstrations and case studies.

This book describes a new class of computing devices which are becoming omnipresent in every day life. They make information access and processing easily available for everyone from anywhere at any time. Mobility, wireless connectivity, di- versity, and ease-of-use are the magic keywords of Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. The book covers these front-end devices as well as their operating systems and the back-end infrastructure which integrate these pervasive components into a seamless IT world. A strong emphasis is placed on the underlying technologies and standards applied when building up pervasive solutions. These fundamental topics include commonly used terms such as XML, WAP, UMTS, GPRS, Bluetooth, Jini, transcoding, and cryptography, to mention just a few. Voice, Web Application Servers, Portals, Web Services, and Synchronized and Device Management are new in the second edition.
Besides a comprehensive state-of-the-art description of the Pervasive Computing technology itself, this book gives an overview of today's real-life applications and accompanying service offerings. M-Commerce, e-Business, networked home, travel, and finance are exciting examples of applied Ubiquitous Computing.

This book introduces the statistical software R to the image processing community in an intuitive and practical manner. R brings interesting statistical and graphical tools which are important and necessary for image processing techniques. Furthermore, it has been proved in the literature that R is among the most reliable, accurate and portable statistical software available. Both the theory and practice of R code concepts and techniques are presented and explained, and the reader is encouraged to try their own implementation to develop faster, optimized programs. Those who are new to the field of image processing and to R software will find this work a useful introduction. By reading the book alongside an active R session, the reader will experience an exciting journey of learning and programming.

The LNCS journal Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development is devoted to all facets of aspect-oriented software development (AOSD) techniques in the context of all phases of the software life cycle, from requirements and design to implementation, maintenance and evolution. The focus of the journal is on approaches for systematic identification, modularization, representation and composition of crosscutting concerns, i.e., the aspects and evaluation of such approaches and their impact on improving quality attributes of software systems. This volume, the 11th in the Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development series, consists of two parts. The first part focuses on runtime verification and analysis, highlighting runtime verification as a "killer" application of aspect-orientation. The second part contains revised and extended versions of the five best papers submitted to Modularity: aosd 2013, presenting current research related to modularity and covering topics such as formal methods and type systems, static analysis approaches for software architectures, model-driven engineering and model composition, aspect-oriented programming, event-driven programming and reactive programming

Modula-2 is a simple yet powerful programming language that is suitable for a wide variety of applications. It is based on Pascal, a successful programming language that was introduced in 1970 by Niklaus Wirth. During the 1970's Pascal became the most widely taught programming language and it gained acceptance in science and industry. In 1980 Dr. Wirth released the Modula-2 program ming language. Modula-2 is an evolution of Pascal. It improves on the successes of Pascal while adding the MODULE - a tool for ex pressing the relations between the major parts of programs. In ad dition Modula-2 contains low-level features for systems program ming and coroutines for concurrent programming. Programming languages are important because they are used to express ideas. Some programming languages are so limited that certain ideas can't be easily expressed. For example languages that lac k floating point arithmetic are inappropriate for scientific com putations. Languages such as Basic and Fortran that lack recur sion are unsuitable for text processing or systems programming. Sometimes a programming language is useable for a certain appli cation but it is far from ideal. A good example is the difficulty of writing large programs in pure Pascal. Pascal is a poor language for large jobs because it lacks facilities for partitioning a program viii Preface 6< ; ~~~~er 0\ Sheet Metal Tube /" 0 (to Affix Eraser to Shaft) ~ Hollow Wooden Shaft A Lead Core Figure 1. An exploded diagram. into separate pieces that can be developed independently.