This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 26th IFIP WG 6.1 International Conference on Testing Software and Systems, ICTSS 2014, held in Istanbul, Turkey, in September 2014. The 11 revised full papers presented together with 6 short papers were carefully selected from 36 submissions. The scope of the conference was on following topics: testing methodologies, tools and frameworks, and industrial experiences.

This book provides an overview of the X Window System focusing on characteristics that have significant impact on the development of both application programs and widgets. We pay special attention to applications that go beyond graphical user interfaces (GUIs); therefore we discuss issues affecting video games, visualization and imaging programs, and designing widgets with a complex appearance. While the book does not assume previous knowledge of X, it is intended for experienced programmers, especially those who want to write programs that go beyond simple GUIs. X is the dominant window system under Unix, and X servers are available for Microsoft Windows, thus enabling graphics over a network in the PC world. While Java offers an apparently universal graphics library (the abstract window toolkit), the reality is quite different: For high-quality graphics and image display, we must program on the target platform itself (X or one of Microsoft's APIs) rather than rely on Java peer objects. X is a vast subject, so it is impossible to provide a complete coverage in a few hundred pages. Thus we selected topics that are fundamental to the system, so that the reader who masters them should be able to read the documentation of the numerous libraries and toolkits. Therefore we provide documentation on the most important Xlib and X toolkit functions only.

This book constitutes the refereed papers of the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on System Analysis and Modeling, SAM 2014, held in Valencia, Spain, in September 2014. The 18 full papers and the 3 short papers presented together with 2 keynotes were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. The contributions are organized in topical sections named: reuse; availability, safety and optimization; sequences and interactions; testing; metrics, constraints and repositories; and SDL and V&V.

Python Algorithms, Second Edition explains the Python approach to algorithm analysis and design. Written by Magnus Lie Hetland, author of Beginning Python, this book is sharply focused on classical algorithms, but it also gives a solid understanding of fundamental algorithmic problem-solving techniques. The book deals with some of the most important and challenging areas of programming and computer science in a highly readable manner. It covers both algorithmic theory and programming practice, demonstrating how theory is reflected in real Python programs. Well-known algorithms and data structures that are built into the Python language are explained, and the user is shown how to implement and evaluate others.

HL7 for BizTalk provides a detailed guide to the planning and delivery of a HL7-compliant system using the dedicated Microsoft BizTalk for HL7 Accelerator. The HL7 Primary Standard, its various versions, and the use of the HL7 Accelerator for BizTalk are broken out and fully explained. HL7 for BizTalk provides clear guidance on the specific healthcare scenarios that HL7 is designed to overcome and provides working case study models of how HL7 solutions can be implemented in BizTalk, deployed in practice and monitored during operation. Special emphasis is given in this book to the BizTalk reporting functionality and its use to provide HL7 oversight within organizations. HL7 for BizTalk is suitable for use with BizTalk versions from 2006 R2 to 2013 R2 to suit the reader's organization. All three versions of the HL7 standard and their differences, are explained. Vikas Bhardwaj is a Technical Architect at Syntel Inc. Vikas has 14 years of IT experience with Microsoft Technologies like BizTalk Server, .NET, C#, SQL Server. Vikas has implemented various integration solution using BizTalk Server including one of the largest implementation of BizTalk and HL7. Vikas presently lives in Nashville, Tennessee with his wife Poonam and two kids Shivam & Ayaan. You can check out Vikas' blog at http://vikasbhardwaj15.blogspot.com/ and Vikas can be contacted directly at [email protected] S. Edidin is an integrations architect specializing in enterprise application integration. Howard runs his own consulting firm, Edidin Group, Inc, which is a Gold Member of the HL7 International Organization. Howard's firm specializes in delivering HL7 and HIPAA Healthcare solutions and providing guidance in the use of HL7 with BizTalk. Howard is active in several HL7 Working Groups and is involved with the development of a new HL7 Standard. In addition to BizTalk, Howard works with Azure, SQL Server, and SharePoint. Howard and his wife Sharon, live in a northern suburb of Chicago. Howard maintains several blogs, biztalkin-howard.blogspot.com and fhir-biztalk.com. Howard can be contacted directly at [email protected].

Apply decoupling patterns, properly test a decoupled project, and integrate a Django API with React, and Vue.js. This book covers decoupled architectures in Django, with Django REST framework and GraphQL. With practical and simple examples, you'll see firsthand how, why, and when to decouple a Django project. Starting with an introduction to decoupled architectures versus monoliths, with a strong focus on the modern JavaScript scene, you'll implement REST and GraphQL APIs with Django, add authentication to a decoupled project, and test the backend. You'll then review functional testing for JavaScript frontends with Cypress. You will also learn how to integrate GraphQL in a Django project, with a focus on the benefits and drawbacks of this new query language. By the end of this book, you will be able to discern and apply all the different decoupling strategies to any Django project, regardless of its size. What You'll Learn Choose the right approach for decoupling a Django project Build REST APIs with Django and a Django REST framework Integrate Vue.js and GraphQL in a Django project Consume a Django REST API with Next.js Test decoupled Django projects Who This Book Is For Software developers with basic Django skills keen to learn decoupled architectures with Django. JavaScript developers interested in learning full-stack development and decoupled architectures with Django.

Researches and developers of simulation models state that the Java program ming language presents a unique and significant opportunity for important changes in the way we develop simulation models today. The most important characteristics of the Java language that are advantageous for simulation are its multi-threading capabilities, its facilities for executing programs across the Web, and its graphics facilities. It is feasible to develop compatible and reusable simulation components that will facilitate the construction of newer and more complex models. This is possible with Java development environments. Another important trend that begun very recently is web-based simulation, i.e., and the execution of simulation models using Internet browser software. This book introduces the application of the Java programming language in discrete-event simulation. In addition, the fundamental concepts and prac tical simulation techniques for modeling different types of systems to study their general behavior and their performance are introduced. The approaches applied are the process interaction approach to discrete-event simulation and object-oriented modeling. Java is used as the implementation language and UML as the modeling language. The first offers several advantages compared to C++, the most important being: thread handling, graphical user interfaces (QUI) and Web computing. The second language, UML (Unified Modeling Language) is the standard notation used today for modeling systems as a collection of classes, class relationships, objects, and object behavior.

Recent advances in software specification methods, model checking, and theorem proving have generated new tools for the use of formal methods in both industry and academia. Yet, in order to choose the techniques most appropriate for a specific application, it is necessary to have a good understanding and expertise in formal methods. Software engineers now have several case studies to learn from, and are able to choose from a large selection of languages and methods, with a rich repertoire of appropriate concepts for their intended applications.

This extensively revised and updated new edition of "Specification of Software Systems" builds upon the original focus on "software specification" with added emphasis on the practice of formal methods for "specification and verification activities" for different types of software systems and at different stages of developing software systems. This expanded perspective is matched by a considerable amount of new content, included to cater to the growing needs of students and researchers in the area of formal software engineering. Topics related to the integration of formal methods in the software development process are introduced early, and are followed by presentations of principles of abstraction, definitions of formalism, notations of formalism, and a wide variety of detailed specification examples. This additional material is further reflected in the new structure of the second edition, which is now arranged in six parts.

Topics and features: provides a wide coverage of formal specification techniques and a clear writing style, supported by end-of-chapter bibliographic notes for further reading; presents a logical structure, with sections devoted to specification fundamentals, basics of formalism, logic, set theory and relations, property-oriented specification methods, and model-based specification techniques; contains end-of-chapter exercises and numerous case studies, with potential course outlines suggested in the Preface; covers Object-Z, B-Method, and Calculus of Communicating Systems; offers material that can be taught with tool-supported laboratory projects.

This comprehensive textbook is essential reading for students at all levels in computer science, software engineering, computer engineering, and information systems engineering. Software professionals wishing to familiarize themselves with formal methods will also find this an invaluable reference.

Faster, better and cheaper are challenges that IT-companies face every day. The customer's expectations shall be met in a world where constant change in environment, organization and technology are the rule rather that the exception. A solution for meeting these challenges is to share knowledge and experience - use the company's own experience, and the experience of other companies. Process Improvement in Practice - A Handbook for IT Companies tackles the problems involved in launching these solutions. Process Improvement in Practice - A Handbook for IT Companies is designed for small IT companies who wish to start with systematic improvement. The methods and techniques in this handbook are tried in practice, and have proven to be easy to use and scalable for local needs. Managers and developers will discover useful tips to initiate improvement work efficiently. This practical handbook is based on the authors' improvement work in a range of companies since the mid-nineties. Process Improvement in Practice - A Handbook for IT Companies is designed for a professional audience, composed of researchers and practitioners in industry. This book is also suitable for graduate-level students in software process improvement and software engineering.

In his rich and varied career as a mathematician, computer scientist, and educator, Jacob T. Schwartz wrote seminal works in analysis, mathematical economics, programming languages, algorithmics, and computational geometry. In this volume of essays, his friends, students, and collaborators at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences present recent results in some of the fields that Schwartz explored: quantum theory, the theory and practice of programming, program correctness and decision procedures, dextrous manipulation in Robotics, motion planning, and genomics. In addition to presenting recent results in these fields, these essays illuminate the astonishingly productive trajectory of a brilliant and original scientist and thinker.

The proceedings represent the state of knowledge in the area of algorithmic differentiation (AD). The 31 contributed papers presented at the AD2012 conference cover the application of AD to many areas in science and engineering as well as aspects of AD theory and its implementation in tools. For all papers the referees, selected from the program committee and the greater community, as well as the editors have emphasized accessibility of the presented ideas also to non-AD experts. In the AD tools arena new implementations are introduced covering, for example, Java and graphical modeling environments or join the set of existing tools for Fortran. New developments in AD algorithms target the efficiency of matrix-operation derivatives, detection and exploitation of sparsity, partial separability, the treatment of nonsmooth functions, and other high-level mathematical aspects of the numerical computations to be differentiated. Applications stem from the Earth sciences, nuclear engineering, fluid dynamics, and chemistry, to name just a few. In many cases the applications in a given area of science or engineering share characteristics that require specific approaches to enable AD capabilities or provide an opportunity for efficiency gains in the derivative computation. The description of these characteristics and of the techniques for successfully using AD should make the proceedings a valuable source of information for users of AD tools.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Search-Based Software Engineering, SSBSE 2014, held in Fortaleza, Brazil. The 14 revised full papers presented together with 2 keynote addresses, 1 invited talk, 1 short paper, 3 papers of the graduate track, and 4 challenge track papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 51 submissions. Search Based Software Engineering (SBSE) studies the application of meta-heuristic optimization techniques to various software engineering problems, ranging from requirements engineering to software testing and maintenance.

Parsing, the syntactic analysis of language, has been studied extensively in computer science and computational linguistics. Computer programs and natural languages share an underlying theory of formal languages and require efficient parsing algorithms. This introduction reviews the theory of parsing from a novel perspective. It provides a formalism to capture the essential traits of a parser that abstracts from the fine detail and allows a uniform description and comparison of a variety of parsers, including Earley, Tomita, LR, Left-Corner, and Head-Corner parsers. The emphasis is on context-free phrase structure grammar and how these parsers can be extended to unification formalisms. The book combines mathematical rigor with high readability and is suitable as a graduate course text.

An invited collection of peer-reviewed papers surveying key areas of Roger Needham's distinguished research career at Cambridge University and Microsoft Research.

From operating systems to distributed computing, many of the world's leading researchers provide insight into the latest concepts and theoretical insights--many of which are based upon Needham's pioneering research work.

A critical collection of edited-survey research papers spanning the entire range of Roger Needham's distinguished scientific career, from operating systems to distributed computing and security. Many of the world's leading researchers survey their topics' latest developments and acknowledge the theoretical foundations of Needham's work.

Introduction to book written by Rick Rashid, Director of Microsoft Research Worldwide.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th European Conference on Software Architecture, ECSA 2014, held in Vienna, Austria, in August 2014. The 16 full papers and 18 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 91 submissions. They are organized in topical sections named: architecture decisions and knowledge; architecture patterns and anti-patterns; reference architectures and metamodels; architecture description languages; enterprise architecture, SOA and cloud computing; components and connectors; quality attributes; and architecture analysis and verification.

Formal Methods for Open Object-Based Distributed Systems V brings together research in three important and related fields: * Formal methods; * Distributed systems; * Object-based technology. Such a convergence is representative of recent advances in the field of distributed systems, and provides links between several scientific and technological communities. The wide scope of topics covered in this volume range in subject from UML to object-based languages and calculi and security, and in approach from specification to case studies and verification. This volume comprises the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Formal Methods for Open Object-Based Distributed Systems (FMOODS 2002), which was sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and held in Enschede, The Netherlands in March 2002.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 35th International Conference on Application and Theory of Petri Nets and Concurrency, PETRI NETS 2014, held in Tunis, Tunisia, in June 2014. The 15 regular papers and 4 tool papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. In addition the book contains 3 invited talks in full paper length. The papers cover various topics in the field of Petri nets and related models of concurrency.

For more and more systems, software has moved from a peripheral to a central role, replacing mechanical parts and hardware and giving the product a competitive edge. Consequences of this trend are an increase in: the size of software systems, the variability in software artifacts, and the importance of software in achieving the system-level properties. Software architecture provides the necessary abstractions for managing the resulting complexity. We here introduce the Third Working IEEFlIFIP Conference on Software Architecture, WICSA3. That it is already the third such conference is in itself a clear indication that software architecture continues to be an important topic in industrial software development and in software engineering research. However, becoming an established field does not mean that software architecture provides less opportunity for innovation and new directions. On the contrary, one can identify a number of interesting trends within software architecture research. The first trend is that the role of the software architecture in all phases of software development is more explicitly recognized. Whereas initially software architecture was primarily associated with the architecture design phase, we now see that the software architecture is treated explicitly during development, product derivation in software product lines, at run-time, and during system evolution. Software architecture as an artifact has been decoupled from a particular lifecycle phase.

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Evaluation of Novel Approaches to Software Engineering, ENASE 2013, held in Angers, France, in July 2013. The 18 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 46 submissions. The papers reflect a growing effort to increase the dissemination of new results among researchers and professionals related to evaluation of novel approaches to software engineering. By comparing novel approaches with established traditional practices and by evaluating them against software quality criteria, the ENASE conferences advance knowledge and research in software engineering, identify most hopeful trends, and propose new directions for consideration by researchers and practitioners involved in large-scale software development and integration.

TEX has always been regarded as the most elegant and powerful system for computer typesetting. However, its widespread use beyond academia was hampered by its complexity. Recently, fairly good TEX implementations have come out for PC's putting TEX on the disks of many people including writers, designers, desktop publishers, and engineers. Consequently, interest in TEX has surged. What is needed at this point is a book that teaches step-by-step how to use TEX, illustrating each step with relevant examples. This is exactly what S. v. Bechtolsheim's book does. It is a tutorial and guide for the first-time user of TEX, as well as a reference for the more experienced "TEXpert." TEX in Practice will appear as a four volume set, starting with TEX in Practice, Volume 1: Basics; TEX in Practice, Volume 2: Paragraphs, Math and Fonts; TEX in Practice, Volume 3: Tokens, Macros; TEX in Practice, Volume 4: Output Routines, Tables. TEX in Practice will be an indispensable reference for the TEX community and a guide through the first step for the TEX novice.

Java is one of the most widely used programming languages today. It was first released by Sun Microsystems in 1995. Over the years, its popularity has grown to the point where it plays an important role in most of our lives. From laptops to data centers, game consoles to scientific supercomputers, cell phones to the Internet, Java is everywhere! There are tons of applications and heaps of websites that will not work unless you have Java installed, and more are created every day. And, of course, Java is used to power what has become the world's most dominant mobile platform, Android. Advanced Topics In Java teaches the algorithms and concepts that any budding software developer should know. You'll delve into topics such as sorting, searching, merging, recursion, random numbers and simulation, among others. You will increase the range of problems you can solve when you learn how to create and manipulate versatile and popular data structures such as binary trees and hash tables. This book assumes you have a working knowledge of basic programming concepts such as variables, constants, assignment, selection (if..else) and looping (while, for). It also assumes you are comfortable with writing functions and working with arrays. If you study this book carefully and do the exercises conscientiously, you would become a better and more agile software developer, more prepared to code today's applications - no matter the language.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 22nd European Symposium on Programming, ESOP 2013, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2013, which took place in Rome, Italy, in March 2013. The 31 papers, presented together with a full-length invited talk, were carefully reviewed and selected from 120 full submissions. The contributions have been organized according to ten topical sections on programming techniques; programming tools; separation logic; gradual typing; shared-memory concurrency and verification; process calculi; taming concurrency; model checking and verification; weak-memory concurrency and verification; and types, inference, and analysis.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Compiler Construction, CC 2013, held as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2013, which took place in Rome, Italy, in March 2013. The 13 papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 53 submissions. They have been organized into five topical sections on register allocation, pointer analysis, data and information flow, machine learning, and refactoring.

The LNCS journal Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development is devoted to all facets of aspect-oriented software development (AOSD) techniques in the context of all phases of the software life cycle, from requirements and design to implementation, maintenance and evolution. The focus of the journal is on approaches for systematic identification, modularization, representation and composition of crosscutting concerns, i.e., the aspects and evaluation of such approaches and their impact on improving quality attributes of software systems. This volume, the 10th in the Transactions on Aspect-Oriented Software Development series, contains revised, extended versions of the top five papers presented at AOSD 2012. The topics covered include debugging, analysis of software product lines, distributed software architectures, and empirical study of language support for software evolution.

Mountaineers use pitons to protect themselves from falls. The lead climber wears a harness to which a rope is tied. As the climber ascends, the rope is paid out by a partner on the ground. As described thus far, the climber receives no protection from the rope or the partner. However, the climber generally carries several spike-like pitons and stops when possible to drive one into a small crack or crevice in the rock face. After climbing just above the piton, the climber clips the rope to the piton, using slings and carabiners. A subsequent fall would result in the climber hanging from the piton if the piton stays in the rock, the slings and carabiners do not fail, the rope does not break, the partner is holding the rope taut and secure, and the climber had not climbed too high above the piton before falling. The climber's safety clearly depends on all of the components of the system. But the piton is distinguished because it connects the natural to the artificial. In 1987 I designed an assembly-level language for Warren Hunt's FM8501 verified microprocessor. I wanted the language to be conveniently used as the object code produced by verified compilers. Thus, I envisioned the language as the first software link in a trusted chain from verified hardware to verified applications programs. Thinking of the hardware as the "rock" I named the language "Piton."