Originally published in 1859, as the fourth edition of a 1660 original, this book contains the text of the Select Discourses of the theologian John Smith. Smith covers a variety of religious topics in these essays, including superstition, atheism and the existence and nature of God. The text is edited by Henry Griffin Williams, and includes a biography of Smith as read at his funeral by Symon Patrick, later Bishop of Ely. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in Smith's writings.

First published in 1859, as the second edition of an 1849 original, this book contains the text of Bishop John Pearson's 1669 meditation on the Apostles' Creed. Pearson takes the Creed article by article, examining the history and spiritual message of each tenet in depth with many scriptural and patristic references. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in Christianity.

This book presents the discourse in Jewish law and rabbinic literature on bioethical issues, highlighting practical problems in their socio-historical contexts. Yechiel Michael Barilan discusses end-of-life care, abortion, infertility treatments, the brain death debate, and the organ market. Barilan also presents the theology and spirituality of Jewish medical law, the communal responsibility for healthcare, and the charitable sick-care societies that flourished in the Jewish communities until the beginning of the twentieth century.

The Christian doctrine of justification is of immense interest to historians and theologians ,and continues to be of major importance in modern ecumenical discussions. The present work appeared in its first edition in 1986, and rapidly became the leading reference work on the subject. Its many acclaimed features include a detailed assessment of the semantic background of the concept in the Ancient Near East, a thorough examination of the doctrine of the medieval period, and an especially careful analysis of its development during the critical years of the sixteenth century. The substantially rewritten fourth edition thoroughly updates the work, responding to the latest developments in scholarly literature and user feedback. It will remain an essential resource for all concerned with the development of Christian doctrine, the history of the Reformation debates on the identity of Christianity, and modern discussions between Protestants and Roman Catholics over the nature of salvation.

This Companion provides an accessible guide for those seeking to comprehend the significance of Vatican II for Catholicism today. It offers a thorough overview of the Second Vatican Council, the most significant event in the history of Roman Catholicism since the Protestant Reformation. Almost six decades since the close of the council, its teaching remains what one pope referred to as a 'sure compass' for guiding today's church. The first part of the Companion examines the historical, theological, and ecclesial contexts for comprehending the significance of the council. It also presents the key processes, as well as the participants who were central to the actual conduct of the council. The second part identifies and explores the central themes embedded in the council documents. The Companion concludes with a unique appendix intended to guide students wishing to pursue more advanced research in Vatican II studies.

'God is dead,' Nietzsche famously declared in The Gay Science; but this book will investigate God's surprising persistence and resurrection in the works of even the most seemingly atheistic of writers, who continue to deploy Judaic and Christian narratives and tropes even as they radically rewrite them in the face of new cultural, political and scientific imperatives. Contributors explore the range, power and implication of Christian and Jewish heresies in canonical Anglo-American writers -- including Edgar Allan Poe, Thomas Hardy, Robert Louis Stevenson, T S Eliot, John Steinbeck and Jim Crace -- as well as in some less familiar texts: the Mormon Scriptures of Joseph Smith and various Victorian rewritings of the Book of Esther. A polemical essay by Michelene Wandor reflects on conceptions of Jewishness, which she finds in need of heretical renewal. Valentine Cunningham's provocative introduction argues that the acts of literary writing and reading are necessarily heretical. A coda to the book, 'Between Heresy and Superstition', takes as its motto Thomas Huxley's observation in 1881 that 'It is the customary fate of new truths to begin as heresies and to end as superstitions.';Contributions offer readers a rare opportunity of witnessing an extended academic exchange -- exploring the process by which former heresies may indeed risk ossification as new kinds of doctrinal conformity. Bryan Cheyette's critique of the 'Christian Albums' of Bob Dylan is answered by Kevin Mills's essay which uncovers heretical possibility even in this most seemingly orthodox part of Dylan's work. The revitalisation of heresy in literary interpretations, as well as in our religious thinking, forms the guiding objective of this exciting critical book.

This book investigates the central role of reason in Islamic intellectual life. Despite widespread characterization of Islam as a system of belief based only on revelation, John Walbridge argues that rational methods, not fundamentalism, have characterized Islamic law, philosophy and education since the medieval period. His research demonstrates that this medieval Islamic rational tradition was opposed by both modernists and fundamentalists, resulting in a general collapse of traditional Islamic intellectual life and its replacement by more modern but far shallower forms of thought. However, the resources of this Islamic scholarly tradition remain an integral part of the Islamic intellectual tradition and will prove vital to its revival. The future of Islam, Walbridge argues, will be marked by a return to rationalism.

Comprising seven essays by learned contributors and controversially advocating a rationalist Christianity, this work became a sensation upon publication in 1860. Frederick Temple (1821 1902), later Archbishop of Canterbury, wrote on the cultural contributions of non-Christians; Roland Williams (1817 70), Professor of Hebrew at Lampeter, questioned Old Testament prophesies; Baden Powell (1796 1850), Oxford Professor of Geometry, challenged belief in miracles and embraced Darwinism; Henry Bristow Wilson (1803 88) questioned literal biblical history; the only lay contributor, Egyptologist Charles Wycliffe Goodwin (1817 78), embraced geology; Mark Pattison (1813 84), tutor at Lincoln College, wrote on the history of rationalist theology; and Benjamin Jowett (1817 93), Oxford Professor of Greek, advocated a historical reading of the Bible. Wilson and Williams were later found guilty of heresy by a Church court, though this was overturned on appeal. For readers interested in the theological controversies of the Victorian era, these essays remain invaluable.

While living in India for sixteen years, James Robert Ballantyne (1813 64) taught oriental languages to Indian pupils and became fascinated by Hindu philosophy, seeking to harmonise it with the Western tradition. He produced grammars of Hindi, Sanskrit and Persian, translations of Indian linguistics, and a science primer in English and Sanskrit (also reissued in the Cambridge Library Collection). Intended for the Tyro missionary and published in 1859, this work offers a summary of Hinduism (covering the Nyaya, Sankhya and Vedanta schools) and argues for the truth of Christianity, while acknowledging certain shared ideas. It contains a facing Sanskrit translation (with redactions of parts considered to be of no importance to 'those whom the missionary has to teach'). A valuable primary source for scholars of orientalism, this work helps to illuminate the religious dimensions of British imperialism.

A SPECIES IN DENIAL is the revolutionary bestseller by Australian biologist Jeremy Griffith. In it the author presents a series of essays addressesing the crux issue before us as a species of the human condition, our capacity for good and evil, describing how humans have coped with the dilemma of the human condition by living in denial of it. Griffith then explains the biological reason for the human condition, thus ending the need for the denial and maturing humanity to psychological freedom from its historic insecure human-condition-afflicted state. With a foreword by Templeton Prize winning biologist Charles Birch, this book provides a deeply insightful examination of science, religion, politics, men and women, psychiatry and mythology.

The American Association of Christian Counselors and Tyndale House Publishers are committed to ministering to the spiritual needs of people. This book is part of the professional series that offers counselors the latest techniques, theory, and general information that is vital to their work. While many books have tried to integrate theology and psychology, this book takes another step and explores the importance of the spiritual disciplines in psychotherapy, helping counselors to integrate the biblical principles of forgiveness, redemption, restitution, prayer, and worship into their counseling techniques.

Mark R. McMinn, Ph.D., is professor of psychology at Wheaton College Graduate School in Wheaton, Illinois, where he directs and teaches in the Doctor of Psychology program. A diplomate in Clinical Psychology of the American Board of Professional Psychology, McMinn has thirteen years of postdoctoral experience in counseling, psychotherapy, and psychological testing. McMinn is the author of Making the Best of Stress: How Life’s Hassles Can Form the Fruit of the Spirit; The Jekyll/Hyde Syndrome: Controlling Inner Conflict through Authentic Living; Cognitive Therapy Techniques in Christian Counseling; and Christians in the Crossfire (written with James D. Foster). He and his wife, Lisa, have three daughters.

Among traditionally educated scholars in the Islamic world there is much disagreement on the crises that afflict modern Muslim societies and how best to deal with them, and the debates have grown more urgent since 9/11. Through an analysis of the work of Muhammad Rashid Rida and Yusuf al-Qaradawi in the Arab Middle East and a number of scholars belonging to the Deobandi orientation in colonial and contemporary South Asia, this book examines some of the most important issues facing the Muslim world since the late nineteenth century. These include the challenges to the binding claims of a long-established scholarly consensus, evolving conceptions of the common good, and discourses on religious education, the legal rights of women, social and economic justice and violence and terrorism. This wide-ranging study by a leading scholar provides the depth and the comparative perspective necessary for an understanding of the ferment that characterizes contemporary Islam.

At the beginning of his gospel, John refers to Jesus Christ as the Logos--the "Word." John Ronning makes a case that the Jewish Targums--interpretive translations of the Old Testament into Aramaic that were read in synagogues--hold the key to understanding John's Logos title. Examining numerous texts in the fourth gospel in the light of the Targums, Ronning shows how connecting the Logos with the targumic Memra (word) unlocks the meaning of a host of theological themes that run throughout the Gospel of John.

Published in 1851, this edition of an important second-century Gnostic work presents the Coptic text derived from codices held in the British Museum and originally ascribed to the authorship of a certain Valentinus. These manuscript sources were scrutinised and translated into Latin by the German scholar Moeritz Gotthilf Schwartze (1802-48) at the behest of the king of Prussia, but he died before the book could be completed. The task of preparing Schwartze's work for publication fell to Julius Heinrich Petermann (1801-76), professor of oriental literature at the University of Berlin. The arcane and difficult text describes esoteric Gnostic teachings which - just as in the traditional Gospels - are delivered by Jesus to his disciples. At the beginning, he is said to have spent eleven years after the resurrection teaching them this mysterious higher knowledge. Both the annotated Coptic text and Schwartze's Latin translation are frequently interspersed with Greek.

Contemporaries as Cambridge undergraduates in the late 1840s, Joseph Barber Lightfoot (1828-89), Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-92), and John Eyton Bickersteth Mayor (1825-1910) all went on to distinguished careers. Mayor, a classical scholar, became President of St John's, while Lightfoot and Hort - members, along with Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901), later Regius Professor of Divinity, of the 'Cambridge triumvirate' - were eventually appointed respectively Bishop of Durham and Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at Cambridge. This short-lived triannual journal, which they founded and edited from 1854 to 1859, is interesting both for its combination of classical and patristic material, illuminating the close relationship between theology and classics as disciplines in the period, and as an example from the early history of academic journals, an emerging genre which would develop into its current form over the following decades. Volume 1, published in 1854, contains the year's three issues.

Contemporaries as Cambridge undergraduates in the late 1840s, Joseph Barber Lightfoot (1828-89), Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-92), and John Eyton Bickersteth Mayor (1825-1910) all went on to distinguished careers. Mayor, a classical scholar, became President of St John's, while Lightfoot and Hort - members, along with Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901), later Regius Professor of Divinity, of the 'Cambridge triumvirate' - were eventually appointed respectively Bishop of Durham and Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at Cambridge. This short-lived triannual journal, which they founded and edited from 1854 to 1859, is interesting both for its combination of classical and patristic material, illuminating the close relationship between theology and classics as disciplines in the period, and as an example from the early history of academic journals, an emerging genre which would develop into its current form over the following decades. Volume 2, published in 1855, contains the year's three issues.

Contemporaries as Cambridge undergraduates in the late 1840s, Joseph Barber Lightfoot (1828-89), Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-92), and John Eyton Bickersteth Mayor (1825-1910) all went on to distinguished careers. Mayor, a classical scholar, became President of St John's, while Lightfoot and Hort - members, along with Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) of the 'Cambridge triumvirate' - were eventually appointed respectively Bishop of Durham and Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at Cambridge. This short-lived triannual journal, which they founded and edited from 1854 to 1859, is interesting both for its combination of classical and patristic material, illuminating the close relationship between theology and classics in the period, and as an example from the early history of academic journals, an emerging genre which would develop into its current form over the following decades. Volume 3, published in 1857, contains the previous year's issues and two responses concerning 'the Route of Hannibal'.

Contemporaries as Cambridge undergraduates in the late 1840s, Joseph Barber Lightfoot (1828-89), Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-92), and John Eyton Bickersteth Mayor (1825-1910) all went on to distinguished careers. Mayor, a classical scholar, became President of St John's, while Lightfoot and Hort - members, along with Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) of the 'Cambridge triumvirate' - were eventually appointed respectively Bishop of Durham and Lady Margaret Professor of Divinity at Cambridge. This short-lived triannual journal, which they founded and edited from 1854 to 1859, is interesting both for its combination of classical and patristic material, illuminating the close relationship between theology and classics in the period, and as an example from the early history of academic journals, an emerging genre which would develop into its current form over the following decades. Volume 4, published in 1859, contains the 1857-9 issues.

Judah Halevi's Book of the Kuzari is a defense of Judaism that has enjoyed an almost continuous transmission since its composition in the twelfth century. By surveying the activities of readers, commentators, copyists and printers for more than 700 years, Adam Shear examines the ways that the Kuzari became a classic of Jewish thought. Today, the Kuzari is usually understood as the major statement of an anti-rationalist and ethnocentric approach to Judaism and is often contrasted with the rationalism and universalism of Maimonides's Guide for the Perplexed. But this conception must be seen as a modern construction, and the reception history of the Kuzari demonstrates that many earlier readers of the work understood it as offering a way toward reconciling reason and faith and of negotiating between particularism and universalism.

An Unabridged Edition (Parts I and II) From 'The Writings Of Thomas Paine,' Edited By Moncure Conway With All Charts and Tables, Notes and Footnotes, To Include A Chronology Of Paine's Life

Founder of Liberal Judaism in England, Claude Goldsmid Montefiore (1858 1938) wrote extensively on Jewish and Christian theology and ethics. His final book, published in 1938 and co-edited with Herbert Loewe (1882 1940), remains one of the most comprehensive and authoritative collections available of Rabbinic literature dating from 100 to 500 CE. The edition, which provides extensive historical and lexical context, features two introductions, one from Montefiore espousing a Liberal perspective and the other from Loewe speaking as an Orthodox Jew. Together, they argue for 'a common foundation, a common past, and a common future' linking their outlooks. Their anthology in turn models this co-operation, offering more than 1,600 rabbinical extracts, and covering topics including the nature of God, the Commandments and the Law, prayer and charity. Both a compilation of theological writings and a meditation on theology itself, this work remains a pre-eminent text of Jewish religious scholarship.

The Gospel of John is renowned for the challenges it presents to interpreters: its historical complexity, theological and literary unity, and its consistently critical stance toward characters known as 'the Jews'. There is abundant scholarly literature on each of these challenges, and yet there are very few studies that consider the Gospel as a whole in light of these pressing issues. Mark Blumhofer offers a fresh approach to understanding the Fourth Gospel, one that draws together the insights of scholarship in all of these areas. He shows that a historically sensitive, ethically attuned, and theologically and literarily compelling reading of the Fourth Gospel lies before us in the synthesis of the approaches that have long been separated. Unlike studies that consider only a narrow portion of the Gospel, Blumhofer's unique approach draws on most of it and shows how common themes and interests run throughout the narrative of John.

A masterpiece of rhetoric and an impassioned defence of faith in the face of persecution, this work represents a key work in the Latin patristic canon. Addressing the magistrates of the Roman court, Tertullian submits 'the real facts in the case of the Christians', defending the legitimacy of the new faith while charging its detractors with hypocrisy and worse. Scathing, eloquent and defiant, the Apology demonstrates the importance of classical rhetoric to the identity of the controversial religion and its recent converts. This edition (1917), accompanied by a complete commentary by J. E. B. Mayor and translation by Alexander Souter, has been called 'by the far the best commentary ever published' on the work. Published posthumously from Mayor's extensive Cambridge lecture notes, the commentary is a starting point for anyone seeking a full understanding of the text's critical history. Souter's English translation makes it accessible to experts and non-experts alike.