IVF is a major treatment in infertility when other methods of assisted reproductive technology have failed. The process involves hormonally controlling the ovulatory process, removing ova (eggs) from the woman's ovaries and letting sperm fertilise them in a fluid medium. This book presents topical research in the study of in vitro fertilisation including management of chronic viral infections in assisted reproduction; posthumous sperm procurement; assisted reproductive technologies for serodiscordant couples with an HIV-1 infection and the impact of laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy for infertile women with endometriomas prior to IVF/ICSI cycles.

The reproductive system and all of its functions related to sex, conception, pregnancy and delivery, all actions aimed at keeping it functioning optimally and free from diseases and harmful traditional practices are explored in this book.

From the health risks of sexual activity to those of pregnancy, abortion, and childbirth, reproduction constitutes enormous risks to a woman's health. Ill-health conditions related to sex and reproduction account for 25 percent of the global disease burden in adult women. In sub-Saharan Africa, they account for over 40 percent. The catastrophic effects of reproductive ill-health, however, are not limited to women; for infants and adult men, they inflict 25 percent and 1 percent respectively of the global burden.

This volume offers comprehensive data and detailed discussions of the epidemiologies of three sexually transmitted diseases, HIV, and five specific maternal conditions, as well as those of congenital anomalies and perinatal conditions. Projections of the HIV epidemic are provided: by 2020 HIV is projected to double to 2.5 percent of the global disease burden.

"Health Dimensions of Sex and Reproduction" will serve as a comprehensive reference for epidemiologists, public health specialists, practitioners and advocates of STD and HIV prevention, and reproductive and neonatal health.

As Louise Brown -- the first baby conceived by in vitro fertilization -- celebrates her 30th birthday, Margaret Marsh and Wanda Ronner tell the fascinating story of the man who first showed that human in vitro fertilization was possible.

John Rock spent his career studying human reproduction. The first researcher to fertilize a human egg in vitro in the 1940s, he became the nation's leading figure in the treatment of infertility, his clinic serving rich and poor alike. In the 1950s he joined forces with Gregory Pincus to develop oral contraceptives and in the 1960s enjoyed international celebrity for his promotion of the pill and his campaign to persuade the Catholic Church to accept it.

Rock became a more controversial figure by the 1970s, as conservative Christians argued that his embryo studies were immoral and feminist activists contended that he had taken advantage of the clinic patients who had participated in these studies as research subjects.

Marsh and Ronner's nuanced account sheds light on the man behind the brilliant career. They tell the story of a directionless young man, a saloon keeper's son, who began his working life as a timekeeper on a Guatemalan banana plantation and later became one of the most recognized figures of the twentieth century. They portray his medical practice from the perspective of his patients, who ranged from the wives of laborers to Hollywood film stars.

The first scholars to have access to Rock's personal papers, Marsh and Ronner offer a compelling look at a man whose work defined the reproductive revolution, with its dual developments in contraception and technologically assisted conception.

During the last two decades, a new form of trade in commercial surrogacy grew across Asia. Starting in India, a "disruptive" model of surrogacy offered mass availability, rapid accessibility, and created new demands for surrogacy services from people who could not afford or access surrogacy elsewhere. In International Surrogacy as Disruptive Industry in Southeast Asia, Andrea Whittaker traces the development of this industry and its movement across Southeast Asia following a sequence of governmental bans in India, Nepal, Thailand, and Cambodia. Through a case study of the industry in Thailand, the book offers a nuanced and sympathetic examination of the industry from the perspectives of the people involved in it: surrogates, intended parents, and facilitators. The industry offers intended parents the opportunity to form much desired families, but also creates vulnerabilities for all people involved. These vulnerabilities became evident in cases of trafficking, exploitation, and criminality that emerged in southeast Asia, leading to greater scrutiny on the industry as a whole. Yet the trade continues in new flexible hybrid forms, involving the circulation of reproductive gametes, embryos, surrogates, and ova donors across international borders to circumvent regulations. The book demonstrates the need for new forms of regulation to protect those involved in international surrogacy arrangements.

This updated title is the ideal reference book for residents and fellows, with step-by-step pictures and only the essential prose. The major part of the book is illustrated with magnificent photographs and diagrams depicting every step of a particular procedure. Instruments are clearly shown and have been photographed from both outside and inside the body. Chapters demonstrate accepted laparoscopic techniques that are the new gold standard in urology. Outcome analyses show that with laparoscopy one can achieve the same oncologic success as with open surgery but will less morbidity.

Are assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) a medical issue or a matter of public policy, subject to restrictions? Francesca Scala employs the concept of boundary work to explain the protracted debates that ensued when Canada appointed a royal commission in 1989 to settle the issue. She reveals that both sides of the debate attempted to secure their position as authorities by challenging, defending, or blurring the boundaries between science and politics. This compelling account contributes to our understanding of the interaction between science and politics, the exercise of social control over science and technology, and the politics of expertise in policy making.

While the practice of surrogacy has existed for millennia, new fertility technologies have allowed women to act as gestational surrogates, carrying children that are not genetically their own. While some women volunteer to act as gestational surrogates for friends or family members, others get paid for performing this service. The first ethnographic study of gestational surrogacy in the United States, Labor of Love examines the conflicted attitudes that emerge when the ostensibly priceless act of bringing a child into the world becomes a paid occupation. Heather Jacobson interviews not only surrogate mothers, but also their family members, the intended parents who employ surrogates, and the various professionals who work to facilitate the process. Seeking to understand how gestational surrogates perceive their vocation, she discovers that many regard surrogacy as a calling, but are reluctant to describe it as a job. In the process, Jacobson dissects the complex set of social attitudes underlying this resistance toward conceiving of pregnancy as a form of employment. Through her extensive field research, Jacobson gives readers a firsthand look at the many challenges faced by gestational surrogates, who deal with complicated medical procedures, delicate work-family balances, and tricky social dynamics. Yet Labor of Love also demonstrates the extent to which advances in reproductive technology are affecting all Americans, changing how we think about maternity, family, and the labor involved in giving birth.

Infertility affects about five million individuals of childbearing age in the United States, yet infertility is a subject about which many people are reluctant to talk. This book discusses extensively many options available to individuals struggling with infertility. Infertility can result from a number of causes and affects men and women in equal numbers. Difficulty conceiving can take a heavy toll on couples both physically and psychologically and can lead to depression and marital discord. There are, however, many options available to those struggling with infertility for having a child. These include innovative medical procedures and powerful drugs as well as a variety of alternative treatment approaches, surrogacy, and adoption. A part of Greenwood's Health and Medical Issues Today series, this book provides an overview of these options and examines the many health, financial, and ethical decisions of each that must be considered when choosing one. Part I explores what causes infertility and the history and evolution of its treatment and then examines the options available today, detailing how they work, their success rates, and their risks. Additionally, it addresses controversial topics such as the legislation of assisted reproductive technologies and the regulation of fertility clinics. Part II delves into the many scientific, economic, and ethical debates that surround infertility treatment, presenting a clear and objective analysis of the issues. Part III provides a variety of useful supplementary materials, including case studies, a timeline of critical events, a glossary, and a directory of resources.

Aging, reproductive physiology, demography, evolutionary biology, endocrinology, and epidemiology - just to name a few - are all disciplines that are actively looking at similar phenomena. Aging and reproductive aging are inextricably linked. This volume brings together these wide ranging elements in a single forum and provides an important point of reference that can permeate borders that are often strenuously "defended" by journals and seldom breached. This volume is specifically designed to build bridges across disciplinary geographies.

Humans are living longer. Globally, expectation of life nearly doubled during the 20th Century; in most of the developed world, it rose by about 30 years to a value of nearly 80. No evidence, however, suggests that reproductive aging - at least in women - has been postponed: age at menopause appears to have remained constant at approximately 51 years. Women are now spending a significantly greater proportion of their lives post-reproductively than they did in the past.

The growing awareness that menopause is now occurring at an earlier stage in our overall lifespan has not only focused attention on the health-related consequences of reproductive aging, but has also prompted increased attention to the links between mechanisms underlying reproductive aging and more general aging processes.

Theoretically-grounded empirical research on aging and reproduction has been facilitated by recent data collection initiatives in both human and non-human species. Recent improvements in characterizing the endocrinology of the pre-, peri- and post-menopause, documentation of relationships among age patterns of reproduction and mortality, and significant advances in understanding the pathways and mechanisms of aging provide an opportunity to integrate the theoretical architecture and the empirical lines of research that connect aging and reproduction. The chapters in this volume will lay out the architecture, recent findings, and ongoing questions.

NOTE: Annals volumes are available for sale as individual books or as a journal. For information on institutional journal subscriptions, please visit www.blackwellpublishing.com/nyas.

Protecting the reproductive potential of young patients undergoing cancer therapy is increasingly important. With modern treatment protocols, 80% of patients can be expected to survive. It has been estimated that up to one in 250 young adults will be a survivor of childhood cancer in the future; infertility, however, may be a consequence. As a wide range of fertility preservation methods are increasingly offered by clinicians, this systematic and comprehensive textbook dealing with the cryobiology, technology and clinical approach to this therapy will be essential reading to infertility specialists, embryologists, oncologists, cryobiologists, ObGyns, andrologists, and urologists with an interest in fertility preservation. Fertility Cryopreservation reviews all the techniques of this increasingly important field within reproductive medicine. It covers the basic principles of pertinent cryobiology, and contains major sections on the different therapies available, written by international specialists combining experience from both academic centers and commercial industries.

Beyond Second Opinions is both an expose of the risks, errors, and distortions surrounding fertility medicine and an authoritative guide for people seeking treatment. Accessible, comprehensive, and extremely well-informed, this book takes the reader beyond hype to the hard data on diagnoses and treatments. Judith Steinberg Turiel, a consumer health activist and herself a veteran of fertility treatments, uses the most up-to-date medical literature to shed new light on difficult decisions patients face today and on reproductive questions society must begin to address now. Those who are seeking a more balanced perspective to help them make better, more informed decisions will find a wealth of information about current reproductive interventions-from simple fertility pills to dazzling experimental options-as well as a discussion of the non-medical forces (economic and political) that shape an individual's treatment choices and reproductive outcomes. Despite quantities of information showered upon patients, they remain woefully misinformed; some fertility treatments may actually reduce chances for a successful pregnancy and threaten a patient's health. Turiel looks beyond surface claims to the real information, often uncovering counterintuitive findings and sometimes scandalous revelations. She exposes a realm of unregulated expansion, unscientific experimentation, and recent scandal over stolen embryos. Weaving together first-hand accounts, compelling stories, a range of scientific information, and lively anecdotes, Turiel addresses the persistent gulfs that separate medical professionals and health care consumers. In the process she arms laypeople with what they might not learn about infertility practices from doctors, patient education brochures, and the newspaper. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1998.

Eine Entdeckungsreise durch Gene, Genome und Verwandtschaften

Ist unsere Personlichkeit ererbt oder geschaffen? Was verrat die Erbsubstanz DNA uber die Geschichte des Menschen? Welche Bedeutung hat das Klonschaf Dolly? Und werden wir schon bald Designerbabys nach Wunsch bestellen?

In 50 klaren und unterhaltsamen Essays destilliert Mark Henderson, Wissenschaftsredakteur der Times, die zentralen Konzepte der noch jungen Wissenschaft Genetik heraus. Indem er den Bogen von Darwins Theorie der Evolution und Mendels Kreuzungsexperimenten bis zu den jungsten, oft kontroversen, wissenschaftlichen Fortschritten dieser Disziplin schlagt, zeigt er auf, wie sehr die Kenntnis der genetischen Maschinerie unser Verstandnis vom Leben auf der Erde verandert hat.

Voller Beispiele aus dem Alltag, erhellender Zitate und anschaulicher grafischer Darstellungen entfaltet 50 Schlusselideen Genetik ein breites Panorama. Das Buch

• vermittelt ein Bild von der Entstehung und Entwicklung des Lebens, indem es zunachst die Geheimnisse der Chromosomen und der DNA wie auch des menschlichen Genoms aufdeckt
• erlautert, wie durch die Wechselwirkung von Erbe und Umwelt unsere Personlichkeit geformt wird
• offenbart, wie die Genetik uns beim Kampf gegen Krebs, AIDS, Malaria und resistente Keime helfen kann
• erkundet die weitreichenden ethischen Fragen um so kontroverse Themen wie Stammzellforschung, Klonen und die Moglichkeit kunstlichen Lebens
• erhellt die jungsten Erkenntnisse zu DNA-Schrott, Evo Devo und Epigenetik und wagt einen Blick in die Zukunft der menschlichen Rasse

Leicht verstandlich, informativ und absolut faszinierend, liefert das Buch nicht nur einen aktuellen Uberblick uber diesen bedeutsamen Wissenschaftszweig, sondern lasst auch erkennen, was jeden von uns so einzigartig macht.

• Die Evolutionstheorie
• Die Vererbungsgesetze
• Gene und Chromosomen
• Die Genetik der Evolution
• Mutationen
• Sex
• Gene, Proteine und DNA
• Die Doppelhelix
• Entschlusselung des genetischen Codes
• Genmanipulation
• Das Lesen des Genoms
• Das menschliche Genom
• Lektionen des Genoms
• Genetischer Determinismus
• Egoistische Gene
• Das unbeschriebene Blatt
• Erbe und Umwelt
• Erbkrankheiten
• Die Jagd nach den Genen
• Krebs
• Superkeime
• Verhaltensgenetik
• Intelligenz
• Rasse
• Genetische Urgeschichte
• Genetische Stammbaumforschung
• Geschlechtsspezifische Gene
• Das Ende der Manner?
• Der Kampf der Geschlechter
• Homosexualitat
• Genetische Fingerabdrucke
• Transgene Pflanzen
• Transgene Tiere
• Evo Devo
• Stammzellen
• Klonen
• Menschen klonen
• Gentherapie
• Gentests
• Mageschneiderte Medikamente
• Designerbabys
• Schone neue Welten
• Gene und Versicherungen
• Patentierung von Genen
• Junk-DNA
• Kopienzahlvarianten
• Epigenetik
• Die RNA-Revolution
• Kunstliches Leben
• Die Illusion der Normalitat

Sexually transmitted diseases, unintended pregnancies, infertility, and other reproductive problems are a growing concern around the world, especially in developing countries. Reproductive Health in Developing Countries describes the magnitude of these problems and what is known about the effectiveness of interventions in the following areas: Infection-free sex. Immediate priorities for combating sexually transmitted and reproductive tract diseases are identified. Intended pregnancies and births. The panel reports on the state of family planning and ways to provide services. Healthy pregnancy and delivery. The book explores the myths and substantive socio-economic problems that underlie maternal deaths. Healthy sexuality. Such issues as sexual violence and the practice of female genital mutilation are discussed in terms of the cultural contexts in which they occur. Addressing the design and delivery of reproductive health services, this volume presents lessons learned from past programs and offers principles for deciding how to spend limited available funds. Reproductive Health in Developing Countries will be of special interest to policymakers, health care professionals, and researchers working on reproductive issues in the developing world. Table of Contents FRONT MATTER SUMMARY 1: INTRODUCTION 2: HEALTHY SEXUALITY 3: INFECTION-FREE SEX AND PROTECTION 4: INTENDED BIRTHS 5: HEALTHY PREGNANCY AND CHILDBEARING 6: PROGRAM DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION 7: COSTS, FINANCING, AND SETTING PRIORITES REFERENCES APPENDIX A: WHO RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TREATMENT OF STD-ASSOCIATED SYNDROMES APPENDIX B: EXAMPLES OF PROGRAMS TO PROMOTE SAFE PREGNANCY AND DELIVERY APPENDIX C: ESTIMATING THE COST OF INTERVENTION: THE MOTHER-BABY PACKAGE APPENDIX D: BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES INDEX

This new edition of a groundbreaking book is now in two volumes, on 'Fundamentals, Symptoms, and Conditions' on 'Reconstructive and Fertility Preserving Surgery and Procedures. From a distinguished editorial team and internationally recognized contributors the text educates surgeons on the techniques and procedures now needed in gynecology, with a special focus on reconstructive vaginal, hysteroscopic, laparoscopic, and laparotomic surgery, including that designed to preserve or enhance fertility. The reader can now more readily understand pathogenesis, appropriate investigation, and application of both surgical and nonsurgical strategies and techniques. The two volumes contain over 20 new chapters and in the integral ebook, over 140 instructional videos; each chapter has Key Points summarized.

The creation of 'test--tube babiesa acted as a spur to public debate about the implications of research on embryos, in vitro fertilization, surrogate motherhood, and the whole range of technologies concerned with human reproduction. The scope of reproductive technologies examined in this volume -- from techniques for the medical 'managementa of childbirth, to genetic engineering -- is such that few women in the western world, and smaller and smaller numbers in the third world, escape their influence. What then is their impact: on the process of reproduction, on family life and particularly on women? 'Reproductive Technologiesa is a remarkable collection of original essays which attempts to place the current controversy over reproductive technologies in a political, legal and economic context. Contributors -- including Lesley Doyal, Ann Oakley, Ros Petchesky, Carol Smart, Hilary Rose, and Naomi Pfeffer -- examine systematically the technologies that have sparked off these debates. They explore the problem of infertility which is used to validate reproductive technologies; the way assumptions about the family and about biological parenthood continue to structure the arguments for and against; the impact of the medicalization of childbirth; the way debates are embedded in changing conceptions of paternal rights, maternal rights and embryo rights; the problems of providing adequate health care for women; and, above all, the urgency with which these issues raise problems about the accountability of science.

Beyond Second Opinions is both an expose of the risks, errors, and distortions surrounding fertility medicine and an authoritative guide for people seeking treatment. Accessible, comprehensive, and extremely well-informed, this book takes the reader beyond hype to the hard data on diagnoses and treatments. Judith Steinberg Turiel, a consumer health activist and herself a veteran of fertility treatments, uses the most up-to-date medical literature to shed new light on difficult decisions patients face today and on reproductive questions society must begin to address now. Those who are seeking a more balanced perspective to help them make better, more informed decisions will find a wealth of information about current reproductive interventions-from simple fertility pills to dazzling experimental options-as well as a discussion of the non-medical forces (economic and political) that shape an individual's treatment choices and reproductive outcomes. Despite quantities of information showered upon patients, they remain woefully misinformed; some fertility treatments may actually reduce chances for a successful pregnancy and threaten a patient's health. Turiel looks beyond surface claims to the real information, often uncovering counterintuitive findings and sometimes scandalous revelations. She exposes a realm of unregulated expansion, unscientific experimentation, and recent scandal over stolen embryos. Weaving together first-hand accounts, compelling stories, a range of scientific information, and lively anecdotes, Turiel addresses the persistent gulfs that separate medical professionals and health care consumers. In the process she arms laypeople with what they might not learn about infertility practices from doctors, patient education brochures, and the newspaper. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1998.

In this widely-praised study, Carol Laderman provides a vivid picture of the daily life of rural Malays as she focuses on their dietary practices and the ritual and medical aspects of childbirth procedures. Apprenticed to a village midwife and a local shaman, she was able to observe a traditional culture adapting to modern practices.

This book discusses all aspects of the uterus transplantation procedure in women who are childless because of a dysfunctional or missing uterus, from initial pre-operative investigations to follow-up after the uterine graft has been removed. All the international experts who are engaged in clinical activities and/or research in this field have contributed one or more of the book's chapters. Since the first live birth following uterus transplantation was reported in Sweden in September 2014, the field has been rapidly evolving around the globe: the first cases in USA, Germany, China, Brazil, and Czech Republic were performed in 2016 and several other centres are preparing for clinical trials of uterus transplantation. Uterus transplantation is a subject that attracts the attention of many bioethicists, and like all other major procedures in transplantation surgery and assisted reproduction techniques, it is a complex process that requires a multidisciplinary team if it is to be successful. As such the book is a valuable resource not only for clinicians from many disciplines, but also for nurses, ethicists, psychologists and researchers.

Regulating Reproduction examines the social context and current state of the art of reproductive mediating technologies such as artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, surrogate motherhood, sex preselection, DNA probes, prenatal diagnosis, and sterilization. Robert H. Blank explores the impact of the technological revolution on our perceptions of children, parenthood, and the family. He discusses the impact of trends toward the commercialization of reproductive services as well as the inclusion of third parties into what until now has been a private matter between two persons.