This book encompasses the most challenging topics in earthquake engineering and seismology aiming at seismic risk reduction and reveals the outstanding progresses made in Europe in the past four years. Earthquakes pose a significant threat to countries around the world. But, equipped with the right knowledge and tools, engineers and seismologists can support policy and decision makers and building officials in creating a safer future for all of us. In this paradigm, the Third European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology (3ECEES) is organized in Bucharest (Romania) in September 2022 by the Romanian Association for Earthquake Engineering, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest and National Institute for Earth Physics. This outstanding scientific event is the third in a series started in 2006 in Geneva, Switzerland and continued in 2014 in Istanbul, Turkey. The papers included in this book are written by the most prominent contemporary European scholars in the two-folded fields of 3ECEES. The Distinguished Nicholas Ambraseys, along with 28 invited lectures providing the best knowledge in the fields of earthquake engineering and seismology, are shared with the general readership of this book. The book is organized in three parts, as follows: (1) Seismicity, engineering seismology and seismic hazard, (2) Seismic risk assessment and mitigation, and (3) Structural earthquake engineering. The 29 contributed papers for this book are shared among these three parts almost equally. Chapter "The Challenge of the Integrated Seismic Strengthening and Environmental Upgrading of Existing Buildings" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This volume discusses the general physics of debris flows and various approaches to modeling - including the SEGMENT-Landslide approach - as well as the pros and cons of these approaches and how other approaches are sub-sets of the SEGMENT-Landslide approach. In addition, this volume will systematically unify the concepts of vadose zone hydrology and geotechnical engineering, with special emphasis on quantifying ecosystem consequences of storm-triggered landslides in a warmer climate setting. The reader will find a comprehensive coverage of concepts ranging from hillslope hydrology, porous granular material rheology and the fundamentals of soil properties, to state-of-the-art concepts of enhanced hydrological cycle with climate warming and a discussion of new approaches for future research.

Contents:
List of plates List of figures List of tables Preface Glossary and Abbreviations Acknowledgements 1. Introduction Part I - The Little Ice Age of the Second Millennium 2. Icelandic Glaciers and Sea Ice 3. Scandinavia 4. The Mont Blanc Massif 5. Ötztal in the Austrian Alps 6. Glacier fluctuations and Little Ice Age weather in Switzerland 7. Glaciers in the Pyrenees, Maritime Alps and Apennines 8. Asia 9. North America 10. The Arctic Islands 11. Glaciers in low latitudes 12. Southern Andes and New Zealand 13. Antarctica and the Sub Antarctic Islands 14. Climate in the Little Ice Age Part II - The Holocene 15. Glacial History of the Holocene Part III - Context, Causes and Consequences 16. The Little Ice Age in its longer term context: the Younger Dryas and evidence from ice cores and deep sea cores 17. The causes of the Little Ice Age and similar fluctuations 18. The consequences of the Little Ice Age 19. A summing up Bibliography Geographical index Source index Subject index

Coupling the basics of hygrogeology with analytical and numerical modeling methods, Hydrogeology and Groundwater Modeling, Second Edition provides detailed coverage of both theory and practice. Written by a leading hydrogeologist who has consulted for industry and environmental agencies and taught at major universities around the world, this unique book fills a gap in the groundwater hydrogeology literature. With more than 40 real-world examples, the book is a source for clear, easy-to-understand, and step-by-step quantitative groundwater evaluation and contaminant fate and transport analysis, from basic laboratory determination to complex analytical calculations and computer modeling. It provides more than 400 drawings, graphs, and photographs, and a variety of useful tables of all key groundwater parameters, as well as lucid, straightforward answers to common hydrogeological problems. Reflecting nearly ten years of new scholarship since the publication of the bestselling first edition, this second edition is wider in focus with added and updated examples, figures, and problems, yet still provides information in the author's trademark, user-friendly style. No other book offers such carefully selected examples and clear, elegantly explained solutions. The inclusion of step-by-step solutions to real problems builds a knowledge base for understanding and solving groundwater issues.

Surface analysis deals with characterizing and understanding the behavior of molecules which react on the surface between two substances. The latest self--contained volume in this long established and respected series of review articles on applications and instrumental developments in spectroscopy presents a high quality treatment of the frontiers of research occurring in modern spectroscopic methods. The internationally renowned authors have taken care to make their work accessible to experts and non--experts alike.

Large landslides affect many mountain valleys in Europe. They are characterised by a low probability of evolution into a catastrophic event but can have very large impacts on population, infrastructures and the environment. This impact is becoming more and more pronounced due to increasing tourism and the construction of new roads and railways in mountainous areas. Methodologies for the assessment and mitigation of risks are therefore a major issue. Since very large slope movements are quite often directly or indirectly implicated in disasters, like landslides, secondary slides or debris flow, their early identification is essential to an adequate risk assessment of the zones involved.

The assessment of risks due to large landslides in the alpine environment is the first activity carried out within the IMIRILAND Project. This project involves seven partners representing five European countries and is funded by the European Commission within the Fifth Framework Program (Research and Technological Development, Activities of a Generic Nature: the Fight against Major Natural and Technological Hazards). The objective of this cooperation is to develop risk management methodologies and mitigation strategies that can be applied at a European level as useful tools for administrators and land users.

To this end, by means of a multidisciplinary approach the hazard analysis of some selected large landslides was examined with a particular focus on geological, geomorphological and geo-mechanical methods. In addition, vulnerability and risk analyses were carried out to enable the consideration of direct and indirect consequences, as well as technical and social impacts. The developed risk assessment procedure was critically examined through application to some selected landslides.

Identification and Mitigation of Large Landslide Risks in Europe Advances in Risk Assessment presents the risk assessment procedure developed and the case studies that were performed within the framework of the IMIRILAND Project. It is edited by Arpa Piemonte, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne and Politecnico di Torino

This book is intended for geotechnical engineers, engineering geologists, geomorphologists and planners who are involved in landslides and in assessing the stability of natural slopes."

This volume, also available as part of the collection "Geomorphology: Critical Concepts in Geography" [set ISBN 0-415-27608-X], constitutes an instant archive of esential benchmark papers and makes available in one place key published material on its area.

This volume, also available as part of the collection "Geomorphology: Critical Concepts in Geography" [set ISBN 0-415-27608-X], constitutes an instant archive of esential benchmark papers and makes available in one place key published material on its area.

This volume, also available as part of the collection "Geomorphology: Critical Concepts in Geography" [set ISBN 0-415-27608-X], constitutes an instant archive of esential benchmark papers and makes available in one place key published material on its area.

This book, first published in 1985, arises from the 14th Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium. The chapters here illustrate the use of models in various areas of research in geomorphology.

The study of landforms is becoming increasingly scientific. This book, first published in 1971, attempts to do justice to the work done in the last few decades, but strives to avoid a too uncritical acceptance of contemporary trends. The author first examines the fundamental characteristics and basic postulates of geomorphology. He then seeks to define the systematic stages through which the study of the landforms of a given area might proceed. Examples are drawn from a wide geographical range with emphasis on presenting examples of actual observations and measurements. The final section presents concise descriptions of simple and inexpensive methods of acquiring field data in landform study.

This book, first published in 1985, conveys the flavours of geomorphology and the bases of its ideas. It portrays the positive features of pluralism in geomorphology, and focuses on processes operative and their associated landforms; the distinctive geological settings of karst, volcanicity and tectonic activity; and technological advances.

This book, first published in 1977, is a concise, fully illustrated introduction to modern geomorphology. Geomorphologists pay much attention to the measurement of present day processes in attempting to develop explanations of landscape evolution, and this book reflects this approach by deliberately emphasising processes in humid environments.

This book, first published in 1986, collects the articles presented to the 16th Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium and is a ground-breaking work in the study of hillslope processes. Hillslope processes are studied in a variety of disciplines other than geomorphology, such as hydrology, pedology, agricultural engineering, civil engineering and engineering geology - the study is truly an interdisciplinary science.

This book, first published in 1982, forms the proceedings volume of the 11th Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium. Chapters cover various coastline phenomena, glacial and periglacial processes, carbonate terrains, and specific applications of geomorphic knowledge and techniques.

This book, first published in 1987, contains a collection of papers presented at the 18th Binghamton Symposium, focusing on the topic of catastrophic flooding. These papers make the case for the careful collection and interpretation of data from which the importance and effects of catastrophic flooding may be deduced. Questions tackled include: what are the causes and effects of catastrophic flooding? What parameters should be used to measure them? What effect do they have on erosional and depositional landforms? Can modelling be used to predict their flow dynamics?

This book, first published in 1983, incorporates a wealth of reference material - keys, nomograms, tables, charts - likely to be needed in the field for actual fieldwork. The widest possible coverage of material is provided in anticipation of problems that individual specialists will encounter on the periphery of their main areas of interest.

This book, first published in 1992, contains the proceedings of the 22nd Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium, and highlights the quantity and diversity of periglacial geomorphic research being undertaken in Arctic and alpine environments. The articles explore a variety of geomorphic processes and examine the potential impacts of global change on the nature and extent of permafrost and seasonal ice phenomena.

A concise textbook emphasizing sedimentary processes and flow in alluvial channels, this title provides comprehensive treatment of flow-bed transport interaction. It emphasizes water flows (basic principles and characterization), fluvial sediment, processes of erosion and sediment transport, bedforms that result from flow-bed sediment interactions in sand and gravel, flow and sedimentary processes in curved, braided and confluent channels, as well as aquatic habits.;The text provides a comprehensive synthesis of current knowledge about physical processes in alluvial channels, with an emphasis on the recent work on flow-bed sediment transport interactions. It is designed for students with an interest in fluvial studies as a part of physical geography, earth sciences, environmental sciences and ecology courses.

The book, written from the perspective of pedologists and agronomists, is a study of the Earth's crust which is subjected to climatic agents and inhabited by living creatures. These phenomena in concert, slowly transform soil through the interaction of physical, climatic and biological processes.

This volume is a collection of papers produced within the framework of the Italian National Antarctic Research Programme (PNRA) on the monitoring and control of environmental contamination. The volume represents a contribution of the PNRA to the study of planetary contamination and to the understanding of the processes of global change.;The research focuses on the measurement and analysis of trace elements and organic micropollutants in the following matrices: snow/firn, seawater, soils, sediments, suspended particulate matter, pack ice, atmosphere, and biota.;The results presented extend beyond the development of specific analytical methodologies, to explicitly tackle significant environmental issues concerning global changes. Particularly relevant are the results concerning time changes of CFCs in the troposphere and lead concentration in Antarctic snow in Victoria Land, the presence of organic micropollutants in various Antarctica matrices, and the seasonal evolution of trace elements and organics in seawater.

Effective management of a water well requires that the water well can meet a set of performance indicators. These can include criteria related to water quality, yield, economics and asset life. Water well deterioration due to fouling and corrosion impacts the ability of a well system to meet these criteria. Managing well deterioration processes involves understanding the nature of these processes and having in place water well maintenance strategies to deal with them. Managing water well deterioration fills a need within the literature for an academically based informative text that incorporates practical advice. The focus on a problem-oriented approach to diagnosing well deterioration makes the book a useful practical handbook. It integrates concepts from hydrogeology, hydrochemistry and microbiology to give a thorough understanding of water well deterioration processes. Scenarios have been developed to illustrate common causes of water well fouling. A feature of the book is the treatment of both corrossion and fouling issues in depth. Case studies selected from around the world are uses to illustrate approaches to the diagnosis and remediation of well deterioration. These scientifically orientated perspectives on water well deterioration are embedded within a management framework to provide a comprehensive approach to dealing with water well deterioration.

The proceedings contain five invited lectures and 99 papers relevant to landslide occurrence and problems from Europe, Asia, America, Africa and Australia and New Zealand. The five special invited lectures deal with a variety of important aspects of landslides.

This text brings together meteorology and the theory of glacier flow, providing a fundamental understanding of how glaciers respond to climate change. Attention is paid to the microclimate of glaciers and the physical processes regulating the exchange of energy and mass between glacier surface and atmosphere. Simple analytical and numerical models are used to:
investigate glaciers sensitivity to climate change
estimate response times
make an interpretation of historical glacier records
assess the contribution of glacier melt to sea-level rise
Modern developments in glacier research, including satellite measurements are discussed in detail, making this a valuable reference source.

The Origins of Mountains approaches mountains from facts about mountain landscapes rather than theory. The book illustrates that almost everywhere, mountains arose by vertical uplift of a former plain, and by a mixture of cracking and warping by earth movements, and erosion by rivers and glaciers, the present mountainous landscapes were created. It also gives evidence that this uplift only occured in the last few million years, a time scale which does not fit the plate tectonics theory.
Another fascinating part of the evidence, shows that mountain uplift correlates very well with climatic change. Mountain building could have been responsible for the onset of the ice age. It certainly resulted in the creation of new environments. Fossil plants and animals are used in places to work out the time of mountain uplift, which in turn helps to explain biogeographical distributions.