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Books > Philosophy > Topics in philosophy > Ethics & moral philosophy > General
In The Peaceable Kingdom Stanley Hauerwas claims that "to begin by
asking what is the relation between theology and ethics is to have
already made a mistake." Hauerwas's claim, and his contribution
toward a socially constituted and historically embodied account of
the moral life and moral reason, are often charged with
sectarianism, relativism, and tribalism. Emmanuel Katongole defends
Hauerwas's dismissal of the traditional philosophical "problem" of
the relation between ethics and religion. It is, he argues, part of
Hauerwas's wider attempt to set aside the dominant Kantian moral
tradition. Standard fare in moral philosophy, inspired by that
tradition, fosters a highly formal, ahistorical view of ethics that
does not do justice to our experience of ourselves as moral agents.
Although it is difficult for us to fathom, pure monsters do not
exist. Terrorists and other serial killers massacre innocent
people, yet are perfectly capable of loving their own parents,
neighbors, and children. Hitler, sending millions to their death,
was contemptuous of meat eaters and a strong advocate of animal
welfare. How do we reconcile such moral ambiguities? Do they
capture something deep about how we build values? As a
developmental scientist, Philippe Rochat explores this possibility,
proposing that as members of a uniquely symbolic and self-conscious
species aware of its own mortality, we develop uncanny abilities
toward lying and self-deception. We are deeply categorical and
compartmentalized in our views of the world. We imagine essence
where there is none. We juggle double standards and manage
contradictory values, clustering our existence depending on context
and situations, whether we deal in relation to close kin,
colleagues, strangers, lovers, or enemies. We live within multiple,
interchangeable moral spheres. This social-contextual determination
of the moral domain is the source of moral ambiguities and blatant
contradictions we all need to own up to.
The Danish theologian-philosopher K. E. Logstrup is second in
reputation in his homeland only to Soren Kierkegaard. He is best
known outside Europe for his The Ethical Demand, first published in
Danish in 1956 and published in an expanded English translation in
1997. Beyond the Ethical Demand contains excerpts, translated into
English for the first time, from the numerous books and essays
Logstrup continued to write throughout his life. In the first
essay, he engages the critical response to The Ethical Demand,
clarifying, elaborating, or defending his original positions. In
the next three essays, he extends his contention that human ethics
"demands" that we are concerned for the other by introducing the
crucial concept of "sovereign expressions of life." Like Levinas,
Logstrup saw in the phenomenon of "the other" the ground for his
ethics. In his later works he developed this concept of "the
sovereign expressions of life," spontaneous phenomena such as
trust, mercy, and sincerity that are inherently other-regarding.
The last two essays connect his ethics with political life.
Interest in Logstrup in the English-speaking academic community
continues to grow, and these important original sources will be
essential tools for scholars exploring the further implications of
his ethics and phenomenology.
This is the first English translation of a compelling and highly
original reading of Epicurus by Jean-Marie Guyau. This book has
long been recognized as one of the best and most concerted attempts
to explore one of the most important, yet controversial ancient
philosophers whose thought, Guyau claims, remains vital to modern
and contemporary culture. Throughout the text we are introduced to
the origins of the philosophy of pleasure in Ancient Greece, with
Guyau clearly demonstrating how this idea persists through the
history of philosophy and how it is an essential trait in the
Western tradition. With an introduction by Keith Ansell-Pearson and
Federico Testa, which contextualizes the work of Guyau within the
canon of French thought, and notes on both further reading and on
Epicurean scholarship more generally, this translation also acts as
a critical introduction to the philosophy of Guyau and Epicurus.
Here is a lucid, accessible, and inspiring guide to the six
perfections--Buddhist teachings about six dimensions of human
character that require "perfecting": generosity, morality,
tolerance, energy, meditation, and wisdom. Drawing on the Diamond
Sutra, the Large Sutra on Perfect Wisdom, and other essential
Mahayana texts, Dale Wright shows how these teachings were
understood and practiced in classical Mahayana Buddhism and how
they can be adapted to contemporary life in a global society. What
would the perfection of generosity look like today, for example?
What would it mean to give with neither ulterior motives nor
naivete? Devoting a separate chapter to each of the six
perfections, Wright combines sophisticated analysis with real-life
applications. Buddhists have always stressed self-cultivation, the
uniquely human freedom that opens the possibility of shaping the
kind of life we will live and the kind of person we will become.
For those interested in ideals of human character and practices of
self-cultivation, The Six Perfections offers invaluable guidance."
Susannah Ticciati explores Augustine's scriptural interpretation,
as well as the ways in which he understands the character of signs
in theory. The book explores Augustine's scriptural world via three
case studies, each geared towards the healing of a particular
modern opposition. The three, interrelated, modern oppositions are
rooted in an insufficient semiotic worldview. Ticciati argues they
contribute to the alienation of the modern reader not only from
Augustine's scriptural world, but more generally from the
scriptural world as habitation. Examining the ways in which the
therapy for our modern day semiotic illiteracy can be found in the
5th-6th-century Augustine, Ticciati brings close readings of
Augustine to bear on significant concerns of our own day:
specifically, our modern alienations from the rich world of
Scripture.
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