This open access book investigates the role of collective bargaining in the gig economy. Despite the variety of situations covered by the term “gig economy�, collective agreements for employees and non-employees are being concluded in various countries, either at company or at branch level. Offline workers such as riders, food deliverers, drivers or providers of cleaning services are slowly gaining access to the series of negotiated rights that, in the past, were only available to employees. The chapters analyse recent high-profile decisions including Uber in France’s Court de Cassation, Glovo in the Spanish Supreme Court, and Uber in the UK Supreme Court. They evaluate the bargaining agents in different Member States of the EU, to determine whether established actors are participating in the dynamics of the gig economy or if they are being substituted, totally or partially, by new agents. Interesting best practices are drawn from the comparison, also as regards the contents of collective bargaining, raising awareness in those countries that are being left behind in the dynamics of the gig economy. The book collects the results of the COGENS (VS/2019/0084) research project, funded by the European Union, that gathered scholars and stakeholders from 17 countries. It will be an invaluable resource for scholars, trade unionists and policy makers. The eBook editions of this book are available open access under a CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 licence on bloomsburycollections.com.

Improvement of man's genetic endowment by direct ac tions aimed at striving for the positive propagation of those with a superior genetic profile (an element of which is commonly recognized as a high intelligence quotient) or-conversely-delimitation of those with negative genetic inheritance has always remained a pri mary concern of the geneticist and the social engineer. Genetic integrity, eugenic advancement, and a strong genetic pool designed to eliminate illness and suffering have been the benchmarks of the "Genetic Movement" and the challenge of Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four. If the quality of life can in some way be either im proved or advanced by use of the law, then this policy must be developed and pursued. No longer does the Dostoyevskian quest to give life meaning through suf fering become an inescapable given. By and through the development and application of new scientific advances in the field of genetics (and especially genetic engi neering), the real potential exists to prevent, to a very vii Preface viii real extent, most human suffering before it ever mani fests itself in or through life. Freedom to undertake re search in the exciting and fertile frontiers of the "New Biology" and to master the Genetic Code must be nur tured and maintained. The search for the truth inevi tably prevents intellectual, social, and economic stag nation, as well as-ideally-frees all from anxiety and fright. Yet, there is a very real potential for this quest to confuse and confound."

The income gap between women and men has gotten plenty of attention in the last few decades: today women earn seventy-nine cents for every dollar med earn. But few people are aware of the much more serious gap: for every dollar in wealth men own, women own thirty-two cents. Wealth is what gives us a financial safety net when we lose our jobs, break up a relationship, become sick, or get hit by some other financial crisis. It enables us to build security, to give our children a future, and to retire. Wealth can generate income, whether through investments in the financial markets, or real estate, or through funding a startup business. Significant wealth even allows us to influence our world by allowing contributions to political campaigns or policy initiatives. The Savvy Women’s Guide to Property Law lays the blame for the gender wealth gap where it belongs—on the legal system—and helps women avoid the pitfalls that deprive them of their rightful share. Property laws disadvantage women at key stages of life. While treating men and women equally on its face, these laws play out in a discriminatory fashion because men and women are often not equal when it comes to income, career opportunities, and caregiving. Spivack explains how the legal system disadvantages women who are going through six difficult life events in which the distribution of wealth and property comes into play: Breaking up with someone they’ve cohabited with Negotiating prenuptial agreements Going through a divorce Surviving domestic and financial abuse Caring for an elderly or sick family member Outliving their spouse and inheriting part of their estate

This book offers an interdisciplinary and accessible approach to issues of global migration in the twenty-first century in 13 essays plus an appendix written by scholars and practitioners in the field.

Discussion of bioscience ethics requires understanding of the science that underpins biological systems impinging on our lives. Unencumbered by the formal structure of ethics, bioethics presents a forum for discussion of practical matters of individual and collective concern. This comprehensive text is a guide to the essentials of bioscience ethics and an interface between applied science and applied bioethics. Early chapters embrace topics affecting human reproduction - substance abuse and parenthood, aging gametes and congenital malformations, child abuse and its biological consequences. Intermediate chapters deal with end-of-life care and euthanasia, human fertility, assisted reproductive technologies, genetic engineering, and cloning. Remaining chapters challenge human-dominated ecosystems. Population growth, economic activity, and warfare - with its environmental consequences - are reviewed. A background section describes the evolution of ethical consciousness, explores the future, and proposes that the reworking of ethical boundaries can enhance mature decision-making in harmony with changing technology.

The inspiring idea of this workshop series, Artificial Intelligence Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems (AICOL), is to develop models of legal knowledge concerning organization, structure, and content in order to promote mutual understanding and communication between different systems and cultures. Complexity and complex systems describe recent developments in AI and law, legal theory, argumentation, the Semantic Web, and multi-agent systems. Multisystem and multilingual ontologies provide an important opportunity to integrate different trends of research in AI and law, including comparative legal studies. Complexity theory, graph theory, game theory, and any other contributions from the mathematical disciplines can help both to formalize the dynamics of legal systems and to capture relations among norms. Cognitive science can help the modeling of legal ontology by taking into account not only the formal features of law but also social behaviour, psychology, and cultural factors. This book is thus meant to support scholars in different areas of science in sharing knowledge and methodological approaches. This volume collects the contributions to the workshop's third edition, which took place as part of the 25th IVR congress of Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, held in Frankfurt, Germany, in August 2011. This volume comprises six main parts devoted to the each of the six topics addressed in the workshop, namely: models for the legal system ethics and the regulation of ICT, legal knowledge management, legal information for open access, software agent systems in the legal domain, as well as legal language and legal ontology.

The vast majority of the countries in the world are developing countries--there are only thirty-four OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) countries--and yet there is a serious dearth of attention to developing countries in the international and comparative law scholarship, which has been preoccupied with the United States and the European Union. "Competition Law and Development" investigates whether or not the competition law and policy transplanted from Europe and the United States can be successfully implemented in the developing world or whether the developing-world experience suggests a need for a different analytical framework. The political and economic environment of developing countries often differs significantly from that of developed countries in ways that may have serious implications for competition law enforcement.
The need to devote greater attention to developing countries is also justified by the changing global economic reality in which developing countries--especially China, India, and Brazil--have emerged as economic powerhouses. Together with Russia, the so-called BRIC countries have accounted for thirty percent of global economic growth since the term was coined in 2001. In this sense, developing countries deserve more attention not because of any justifiable differences from developed countries in competition law enforcement, either in theoretical or practical terms, but because of their sheer economic heft. This book, the second in the "Global Competition Law and Economics" series, provides a number of viewpoints of what competition law and policy mean both in theory and practice in a development context.

For ethnic minorities in Europe separated by state borders--such as Basques in France and Spain or Hungarians who reside in Slovakia and Romania--the European Union has offered the hope of reconnection or at least of rendering the divisions less obstructive. Conationals on different sides of European borders may look forward to increased political engagement, including new norms to support the sharing of sovereignty, enhanced international cooperation, more porous borders, and invigorated protections for minority rights. Under the pan-European umbrella, it has been claimed that those belonging to divided nations would no longer have to depend solely on the goodwill of the governments of their states to have their collective rights respected. Yet for many divided nations, the promise of the European Union and other pan-European institutions remains unfulfilled."Divided Nations and European Integration" examines the impact of the expansion of European institutions and the ways the EU acts as a confederal association of member states, rather than a fully multinational federation of peoples. A wide range of detailed case studies consider national communities long within the borders of the European Union, such as the Irish and Basques; communities that have more recently joined, such as the Croats and Hungarians; and communities that are not yet members but are on its borders or in its "near abroad," such as the Albanians, Serbs, and Kurds. This authoritative volume provides cautionary but valuable insights to students of European institutions, nations and nationalism, regional integration, conflict resolution, and minority rights.Contributors: Tozun Bahcheli, Zoe Bray, Alexandra Channer, Zsuzsa Cserg, Marsaili Fraser, James M. Goldgeier, Michael Keating, Tristan James Mabry, John McGarry, Margaret Moore, Sid Noel, Brendan O'Leary, David Romano, Etain Tannam, Stefan Wolff."

Freedom of information (FOI) is now an international phenomenon with over 100 countries from Albania to Zimbabwe enacting the right to know for their citizens. Since 2005, the UK’s Freedom of Information Act has opened up thousands of public bodies to unparalleled scrutiny and prompted further moves to transparency. Wherever the right to know is introduced, its success depends on the way it is implemented. In organisations worldwide, FOI only works because of those who oversee its operation on a day-to-day basis, promoting openness, processing requests and advising colleagues and the public. FOI is dependent on the FOI Officers. The Freedom of Information Officer’s Handbook is a comprehensive guide to FOI and its management. It is designed to be an indispensable tool for FOI Officers and their colleagues. It includes: a guide to the UK’s FOI Act, the right to know and the exemptions clear analysis of the most important case law and its implications for the handling of FOI requests pointers to the best resources to help FOI officers in their work explanations of how FOI interacts with other legislation, including detailed explorations of the Environmental Information Regulations 2004 and how the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation impacts on FOI a look at requirements to proactively publish information and the effect of copyright and re-use laws on FOI and open data comparisons of the UK’s Act with FOI legislation in other jurisdictions from Scotland to South Africa an exploration of the role of the FOI Officer: who they are, what they do, their career development and what makes them effective suggestions on how to embed FOI within an organisation using effective procedures, technology and training a stage-by-stage guide to processing requests for information. The Freedom of Information Officers’ Handbook includes the latest developments in FOI including amendments made to the UK’s FOI Act by the Data Protection Act 2018 and the revised s.45 code of practice published by the Cabinet Office in July 2018.

Rimpelstories is 'n leesreeks vir die Hersiene Nasionale Kurrikulum in die Intermediêre Fase. Rimpelstories is 'n leesreeks vir die Hersiene Nasionale Kurrikulum in die Intermediêre Fase. Die reeks poog om jong lesers die genot van lees te laat ontdek en hul visuele geletterdheid te ontwikkel deur interessante, boeiende tekste wat ryklik geïllustreer is.

Die tematiese inhoud sluit sensitiewe vraagstukke soos besoedeling, boelies en vigs in, maar dit sluit aan by die leefwêreld van die lesers met humor wat wyd gebruik word.

As noted in the Preface to Volume 1 in this series, the goal of Perspectives in Law and Psychology is to provide a forum for books aimed at systemati cally interfacing the two disciplines. Toward this end, Volume 1 pre sented a collection of original writings focused on the criminal justice system that grew out of a conference held at the University of Nebraska at Lincoln. Because that volume was based on conference proceedings, however, an attempt was not made to provide thorough coverage of all law-psychology issues in the criminal justice system; rather, it highlight ed a select few issues that were currently being investigated by some of the outstanding people in the field. This volume differs substantially from the first in that it attempts to bring together those psycholegal scholars who are doing the major re search on the trial process today and provides broad coverage of critical research on the trial. Thus, the chapters not only provide an extensive review of existing literature in this field but also present new contribu tions by these scholars."

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the First International Workshop on the Theory and Applications of Formal Argumentation, TAFA 2011, held in Barcelona, Spain, in Juli 2011, as a workshop at IJCAI 2011, the 22nd International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. The 9 revised full papers presented together with 8 revised poster papers were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement from 32 initial submissions. The workshop promotes and fosters uptake of argumentation as a viable AI paradigm with wide ranging application, and provides a forum for further development of ideas and the initiation of new and innovative collaborations. The papers cover the following topics: properties of formal models of argumentation; instantiations of abstract argumentation frameworks; relationships among different argumentation frameworks; practical applications of formal models of argumentation; argumentation and other artificial intelligence techniques; evaluation of formal models of argumentation; validation and evaluation of applications of argumentation.

The previous edition of this directory extended its coverage of the Far East, Australasia and Latin America, areas previously under-represented. For this new edition emphasis has been given to increasing the number of entries for organizations from Britain, the United States and Australia, and particular attention has been paid to new political organizations in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. The number of entries included has gone up to over 68,000 of which over 9,000 are new or amended. Cross-references from defunct organizations in the previous edition have been deleted, and references (indicated by ex and now) added for organizations which have changed their name since the previous edition. As before, the range of organizations included is broad and only purely local organizations have been excluded. This directory therefore lists official and unofficial organizations, national and international, on all SUbjects: political, economic and social. Acronyms of parent bodies of subsidiary organizations are given where appropriate and equivalencies are used to link acronyms in different languages for the same organization. Further information about the organizations listed can be found in the sources listed in the bibliography. I would like to thank Henry Heaney and Graeme Mackintosh for their advice, and David Grinyer for his technical support. L. M. Pitman Bibliography Adams, R. (ed.) (1993) Centres & Bureaux: A Directory of UK Concentrations of Effort. Information and Expertise, 2nd edn, CBD Research, Beckenham. Barrett, lK. (1993) Encyclopedia of Women's Associations Worldwide, Gale, London.

Young People s Human Rights and The Politics of Voting Age explores the broader societal implications of voting age eligibility requirements and the legislative bar against youth voting in North America and in Commonwealth countries (where youth is defined as persons 16 and over but under age 18). The issue is raised as to whether the denial of the youth vote undermines democratic principles and values and ultimately the human dignity of youth. This is the first book to address the topic of the youth vote in-depth as a fundamental human rights concern relating to the entitlement in a democracy to societal participation and inclusion in influencing policy and law which profoundly affects one s life. Also examined are international perspectives on the issue of voting age eligibility. The book would be extremely valuable for instructional purposes as one of the primary texts in undergraduate or graduate courses on children s human rights, political psychology, political science, sociology of law or society and as a supplementary text for courses on human rights or constitutional law and would be of interest also to members of the general public concerned with children s human rights issues."

This timely study focuses on how the government-constructed narratives surrounding the collapse of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac and the 2008 financial crisis shaped the policymaking that led to the Dodd-Frank Act. The book shows that every major provision of the act can be traced directly to that narrative, which ignored the government’s own role and focused entirely on the errors of the private sector. In the next Congress, whether or not the Republicans are in control of the House and Senate, there will be a concerted effort to make changes in—or even repeal—the Dodd-Frank Act. The essays in this book, originally published by AEI as Financial Services Outlooks, and the accompanying commentary provide a thorough backgrounder for anyone interested in financial policy.

Justice Antonin Scalia (1936-2016) was the single most important figure in the emergence of the "new originalist" interpretation of the US Constitution, which sought to anchor the court's interpretation of the Constitution to the ordinary meaning of the words at the time of drafting. For Scalia, the meaning of constitutional provisions and statutes was rigidly fixed by their original meanings with little concern for extratextual considerations. While some lauded his uncompromising principles, others argued that such a rigid view of the Constitution both denies and attempts to limit the discretion of judges in ways that damage and distort our system of law. In this edited collection, leading scholars from law, political science, philosophy, rhetoric, and linguistics look at the ways Scalia framed and stated his arguments. Focusing on rhetorical strategies rather than the logic or validity of Scalia's legal arguments, the contributors collectively reveal that Scalia enacted his rigidly conservative vision of the law through his rhetorical framing.

Check Your English Vocabulary for Law is a workbook designed to help non-native English speakers improve their knowledge and understanding of core legal terminology. The workbook includes crosswords, puzzles and word games to test English vocabulary and a combination of self-study exercises and practical speaking activities mean that this book is ideal for both home- and classbased study.

An unrivalled collection, placing key judgments and expert commentary at your fingertips. Family Law: Text, Cases, and Materials presents everything the undergraduate student needs in one volume. The authors offer a detailed and authoritative exposition of family law, illustrated by materials carefully selected from a wide range of sources. Key features - Combines a wide range of cases and materials with insightful explanation, commentary and analysis, creating a complete resource for students of family law - Features authoritative author commentary which engages with a range of theoretical and critical perspectives - Accompanying online resources provide regular updates on recent developments in family law, further reading suggestions, questions, and additional legal coverage - Also available as an e-book with functionality, navigation features, and links that offer extra learning support New to this edition - Developments including the Domestic Abuse Act 2021, Divorce, Dissolution and Separation Act 2020, and the advent of mixed-sex civil partnership - Consideration of the Law Commission's proposed reform of weddings law, particularly in relation to non-qualifying ceremonies - A revised analysis of the Gillick competence and children's autonomy rights in light of recent case law - Updated case law, including HM Attorney General v Akhter and Khan [2020], Guest v Guest [2022], Bell v Tavistock and Portman NHS Trust [2021], and Re H-W (Care Proceedings) [2022] Digital formats and resources The fifth edition is available for students and institutions to purchase in a variety of formats, and is supported by online resources. - The e-book offers a mobile experience and convenient access along with functionality tools, navigation features and links that offer extra learning support: www.oxfordtextbooks.co.uk/ebooks - The online resources that support the book include regular updates on the law, further reading suggestions, and questions for students to consider.

Kaplan's LSAT PrepTests 52-61 Unlocked features comprehensive explanations for every question in the LSAC's official 10 New Actual, Official LSAT PrepTests with Comparative Reading. Reviewing a practice test is the key to improving your score, and in PrepTests 52-61 Kaplan's LSAT experts deconstruct 10 actual, official PrepTests to help you learn why you missed questions and how to get the right answers more efficiently. Note: PrepTests 52-61 are not included in this book. You'll need to purchase those separately. Comprehensive Review Detailed explanations for every questions and answer choice Test-taking strategies to help you score the most points Sample sketchwork for logic games Sample roadmaps for reading comprehension passages Glossary with key terminology to help you think like the testmaker Expert Guidance We know the test: Kaplan's expert LSAT faculty teach the world's most popular LSAT course, and more people get into law school with a Kaplan LSAT course than all other major test prep companies combined Kaplan's expert psychometricians ensure our practice questions and study materials are true to the test We invented test prep-Kaplan (www.kaptest.com) has been helping students for 80 years, and our proven strategies have helped legions of students achieve their dreams

There are two kinds of wars - one is external, a public war for all the world to witness; the other intensely private, glimpsed at by only a few. When Lieutenant Michael Fuller signed up to be part of the war, leaving behind a passionate yet vulnerable relationship, he had no idea that his experience would take him beyond the guns and bombs, deep into the heart of the human spirit. It is 1916 on the German East African frontier - surrounded by the beauty and oppressing heat of the African savanna with its guardian, Kilimanjaro, towering above the skyline, a war of words and prejudices flares up - these are early days for South African and Rhodesian regiments to be camping with men from the King's African Rifles and the Indian Baluchis. Private battles are waged as officers use the war to further their careers or cloak their pasts and a Boer War hero's son carries the weight of his father's reputation with him before he's even taken his first life. After a devastating defeat, Fuller, two men from the King's African Rifles, a Baluchi officer and Captain Carter are called to embark on a secret mission deep into enemy territory and the African bush. To survive these men are drawn into each other's struggles with both seen and unseen enemies and made to chose between duty and compassion.

Professional Ethics have become fashionable during the past two decades. This proliferation of various professional ethics bears witness to a need to introduce ethical concerns in the exercise of various professions. In order to answer this need, each profession attempts to develop its own code of "ethics." In this respect, questions such as the following arise: Are the various ethical problems faced during the exercise of a profession different "in kind" from those ethical problems faced in everyday life? Or, are they ethical problems of the same kind, requiring in addition knowledge of the specific area of human endeavour in order to tackle them? The book deals with these and similar questions and points to the need for a different approach to professional ethics.

Der vorliegende Band der Fontes Iuris Gentium enthalt die Bearbeitung der Recht- sprechung deutscher Gerichte in volkerrechtlichen Fragen aus den Jahren 1971 - 1975; nur in Einzelfallen sind Entscheidungen aus dem Jahre 1970 nachgetragen worden. Die Gesamtreihe der Bearbeitung, die mit den Entscheidungen des deutschen Reichsge- richts aus dem Jahre 1879 begonnen wurde, hat damit den Anschluss an die Gegenwart gefunden und umfasst jetzt nahezu einhundert Jahre deutscher Rechtsprechung. Die zusammenfassende Bearbeitung der Entscheidungen aus jeweils funf Jahren soll auch in Zukunft beibehalten werden; der Band mit den Entscheidungen aus den Jahren 1976 - 1980 befindet sich bereits in der laufenden Bearbeitung. Das System der Darstellung (Teil I: Analytisches und systematisches Repertorium; Teil 11: Auszuge aus den Entscheidungen) ist in der im vorangegangenen Band (To- mus All 6) geanderten Form beibehalten worden, d. h. der Inhalt der deutschen Leit- satze wird soweit wie moglich in kurzen Satzen oder stichwortartig in englischer und franzosischer Sprache wiedergegeben, um dem auslandischen Benutzer die Auswertung zu erleichtern. Die Auswahl der Gerichtsentscheidungen ist wie bisher (seit Tomus All 5) nicht mehr auf die Auswertung nur der hochstrichterlichen Rechtsprechung beschrankt.

This timely book is about raising awareness of the rights of disabled people to full equality and participation in all areas. It aims to show that disability is an issue of concern to all of us. It is for university faculty staff teaching courses on education law and policy and serves as a resource for students conducting research, government officials, and professionals in these fields.