Traditionally, courts adjudicate fundamental rights cases by applying substantive tests of reasonableness or proportionality. Increasingly, however, European courts are also expressly taking account of the quality of the procedure that has led up to a fundamental rights interference. Yet this procedural review is far from uncontroversial. There still is a lack of clarity as to what 'procedural review' really means, what its potential for judicial decision-making is, how it relates and should relate to substantive review, and what its limitations are. Featuring contributions from experts in the field, this book is the first in-depth study into procedural review, considering the theoretical and conceptual issues at play, as well as the applicability of procedural review in different legal systems. It will therefore be of great importance to scholars and practitioners interested in fundamental rights adjudication in Europe, judicial reasoning and procedural justice.

The book addresses the most pertinent theoretical and practical issues affecting the broad topic of harmonisation in the fields of environmental and energy law in a comprehensive and critical manner. In this respect, it constitutes a timely and meaningful contribution to the ongoing debate on the conceptual underpinnings, legal techniques and sector-specific problems concerned, while enriching the debate and promoting a more enhanced, coordinated regime to tackle environmental and energy issues in the European Union. Environmental legislation is often incoherent and fragmented, creating hurdles to its effective application. Consequently, rule makers need to resort to harmonisation, which is seen as referring to a number of techniques and instruments that all aim to clarify rules and establish a more coherent and solid legal framework. The book examines the merits of this approach within the context of the European Green Deal and the increasing urgency of the environmental and climate crisis, as well as the obstacles encountered and the questions arising from these complex processes. By bringing together more than fifteen renowned experts in the fields of European environmental and energy law, this book aims to dissect the most critical aspects of and obstacles in the process of strengthening coordination and, ultimately, effectiveness of the existing legal regimes in the field of environmental and energy law in the European Union while sparking further research in the field. Harmonisation in EU Environmental and Energy Law is highly recommended reading for legal scholars specialising in European environmental and energy law, as well as practitioners working in these fields.

Religious dimension of contemporary conflicts and the rise of faith-based movements worldwide require policymakers to identify the channels through which religious leaders can play a constructive role. While religious fundamentalisms are in the news every day, we do not hear about the potential and actual role of religious actors in creating a peaceful and just society. Countering this trend, Sandal draws attention to how religious actors helped prepare the ground for stabilizing political initiatives, ranging from abolition of apartheid (South Africa), to the signing of the Lome Peace Agreement (Sierra Leone). Taking Northern Ireland as a basis and using declarations and speeches of more than forty years, this book builds a new perspective that recognizes the religious actors' agency, showing how religious actors can have an impact on public opinion and policymaking in today's world.

Very different systems for corporations have always existed in Europe. These differences relate not only to the management structure of the corporations, with single or dual systems for management bodies, but also to the principles of permanent capital: Fixed capital is foreign to English and Irish law, and must be incorporated into the legal systems (only) for the corporation on the basis of the 2nd EU Capital Directive of 1976. No one ever made friends in these countries in doing so. Therefore, the British Department of Trade initiated and supported an investigation by a workgroup under the leadership of Jonathan Rickford some years ago regarding the benefits of this system. The report from this workgroup was published in the year 2004 (European Business Law Review [2004] 919). It came to the conclusion that the system of permanent capital is expensive and redundant; it therefore recommended the cancellation of the 2nd Directive. The British government aligned itself with this approach and pressed the European Commission for an appropriate initiative. Before this background, a group of German scholars and practitioners of corporate law converged in order to investigate the sense and benefits of permanent capital and its individual elements quite broadly. Aside from a summary of the results, a total of 15 individual investigations of aspects of capital in Germany and their relationships to adjacent legal areas (accounting and insolvency, for example) are in the present volume, with 7 reports on foreign permanent capital (France, Great Britain, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain in the USA), each under the same questions such as the discourses on German law. The investigation seeks to convince the European Commission of the benefits of the 2nd Directive.

Understanding of Company Law, which governs the corporate sector, is of paramount importance not only to the students of business but also for the working managers. This book has been prepared with a conscious effort to meet in full measure the requirements of all of them.The book offers a working account of appropriate business laws and in-depth analysis of the subject. A good range and variety of examples illustrate the subject matter. The emphasis, all through, is on clarity and the way company law operates on a day-to-day basis for business.In order to enable the readers know their progress in understanding the subject, a number of exercises are included under the heading 'Check Your Progress'. The following matter has been provided through appendices: Company Law in a computerized environment (E-governance and E-filing); and Corporate governance.The book in its present format will prove more useful to students and others.

Forty years ago, managerialism dominated corporate governance. In both theory and practice, a team of senior managers ran the corporation with little or no interference from other stakeholders. Shareholders were essentially powerless and typically quiescent. Boards of directors were little more than rubber stamps.
Today, the corporate governance landscape looks vastly different. The fall-out from the post-Enron scandal and implementation of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act have resulted in shareholder activism becoming more widespread, while many observers call for even greater empowerment. The notion that the board of directors is a mere pawn of top management is increasingly invalid, and as a result, modern boards of directors typically are smaller than their antecedents, meet more often, are more independent from management, own more stock, and have better access to information.
The New Corporate Governance in Theory and Practice offers an interdisciplinary analysis of the emerging board-centered system of corporate governance. It draws on doctrinal legal analysis, behavioral economic insights into how individuals and groups make decisions, the work of new institutional economics on organizational structure, and management studies of corporate governance. Using those tools, Stephen Bainbridge traces the process by which this new corporate governance system emerged, and explores whether such changes are desirable or effective.

Tuimel jou hart nog nadat Marita van der Vyver jou met haar boek Die hart van ons huis aan haar lewe in Provence bekend gestel het? Hou dan asem op, want met Franse briewe nooi sy lesers nog 'n keer oor haar drumpel. Wat het verander in die Provenkaalse kliphuis met sy persblou hortjies, pienk rose, laventel voor die kombuisvenster en die enorme ou plataanboom langs die hek? Wat het dieselfde gebly? Ja, Marita, haar Franse man, Alain, en die vier kinders woon steeds in Kerkstraat – Rue de l'eglise – van 'n Middeleeuse dorpie. Dis ook somer in Provence – en soos elke somer word al die poskaartprentjies oornag lewend. Lappe laventel so pers dat dit lyk asof derduisende botteltjies kristalviolet per ongeluk uit 'n vragvliegtuig geval het. Goudgeel sonneblomme net waar jy kyk, asof jy pens en pootjies binne-in 'n Van Gogh-skildery beland het. Maar help! Terselfdertyd het 'n bende misdadigers op Marita se Provenkaalse dorpie toegesak! Haar motor word nie net gesteel nie, maar onherstelbaar verniel. En moleste met motors is maar een van die, noem dit maar "interessante", aspekte van haar idilliese bestaan. Daar is ook nog huismoleste, kultuurskokke, ouderdom en ander meer tipies Franse vliee in die salf soos skoolgaan in Frankryk.

Ryna van Rensburg vlug weg van haar verlede na Meeuland, 'n eiland aan die Weskus. Daar is dit Attie Langhans wat haar weer soos 'n vrou laat voel – al lyk hy op die oog af maar stuurs. En gou blyk dit dat die eiland se lief en leed nie los staan van die dorpslewe op die vasteland nie. Waar ontrou en menslikheid, geldgierigheid en goedheid deureengevleg is in 'n vertelling van twee gemeenskappe, wit en bruin. Twee verhale wat uiteindelik hand aan hand loop.

The UK is going through a period of unprecedented constitutional change. There is much unfinished business, and further changes still to come. Where are these changes taking us? In this book, leading political scientists and lawyers forecast the impact of these changes on the UK's key institutions and the constitution as a whole.

Gathered here for the first time, a set of Bosman's early writings, ranging from the humorous squibs he wrote as a 16-year-old schoolboy for 'The Sunday Times' through to his provocative, experimental short pieces of the 1930s.

The exercise of public power by the military in civilian Western democracies such as Australia and the United States demonstrates a tendency toward failure in responsibility for moral behavior. Pauline Collins argues that a different system of military criminal investigation and discipline outside the civilian justice system enables the military to operate like a coterie and can lead to a failure in the requisite moral standard of behavior required of military personnel and maintaining civilian institutional control. Collins argues that the justifications for separate treatment of weakens both the military standing and the practice of civilian control of the military as well as leading to an overall decline in morality and values in a democratic society.

Since the economic crisis unfolded in 2008, the European Union economic governance framework has been profoundly transformed from a legal perspective. The EU has adopted new tools, institutions and rules to tackle the changes and is arguably better prepared to combat any future crises. This book analyses the basic legal framework of EU economic governance and considers the economic underpinnings which underlie legal institutions in this area. It uses analytical dialectics as a method of analysis and the paradigm of 'law as credibility' as the main model through which the substantive parts of EU economic governance are accounted for. Important issues such as access, exit and expulsion from the euro, the independence of the European Central Bank, the Stability and Growth Pact, bail-outs to member states, and the EU's economic strategy are addressed in a clear, critical and innovative way.

“Ek sweer by jou Yoruba, dat jy eendag weer 'n waardige plek in ons huis sal he!” So belowe Theuns Meyer die houtmasker – wat volgens stamtradisie net deur welvarende mense besit mag word – toe hy dit na sy pa se vonnis uit hul bankrotboedel red. Maar op Sandbaai waar hulle tydelik in hul oom se vakansiehuisie intrek, en sy ma probeer om met naaldwerk kop bo water te hou, word die moontlikheid al meer onwaarskynlik. Theuns was kaptein van hul skool se onderwaterhokkiespan en 'n ervare duiker. Nou kan hy hoogstens gaan duik om van sy woede en frustrasie ontslae te raak. Totdat hy vir Ras Payne op die strand raakloop – 'n perlemoenstroper met etiek – soos hy homself beskryf. Ras trek hom geleidelik in by sy bedrywighede totdat Theuns besef dat die see se skulpgoud die enigste weg uit hul gemors is. Theuns en Ras vind op 'n vreemde manier by mekaar aanklank in hierdie wereld van agterdog en leuens. En elke keer dat hy sy deel in Yoruba se hol houtgesig bere, weet hy dat daar nie omdraai is nie.

Danny Rothbart is good-looking, bright, popular teenager living in Yeoville , Johannesburg, in the seventies. It seems he has the world at his feet - except for one little problem. He's having trouble losing his virginity, and the shame of the situation threatens his world. Unable to talk to his old-fashioned parents, Danny seeks guidance from the one adult in his life he can trust: charismatic, politically liberal Uncle Harold. But the suave, worldly Uncle Harold has another agenda. He is a serial child molester, and soon he draws Danny into a sickeningly manipulative abusive relationship.

The recognition of judgments lies at the heart of all litigation: without it judgments are meaningless and litigation becomes a dog with neither bite nor bark. The title has both a Southern African and international flavour, which is wholly appropriate, given the increase in both local and international trade since 1994. This increase in trade brings with it increased litigation, locally and internationally, making this book a necessary addition to any practicing lawyer's library - especially those who consider themselves to be 'commercial lawyers'. The references to local statutes, international conventions and treaties as well as authorities with which the title abounds are of immeasurable assistance to the lawyer involved in the complex and intricate field of private international law.

Die Ekonomiese en Bedryfswoordeboek bestryk die terrein van sowel die makro- en mikro-ekonomie as die bedryfslewe. Dit bevat die belangrikste en mees gebruikte terme van die bedryfsekonomie in al sy onderdele, soos bemarking, produksie, finansiering en kosteberekening, asook die belangrikste en mees gebruikte tegniese en vakterme uit die mielie- en veebedryf, goudmynbou, die bou- en staalbedryf, die tekstielbedryf en ander bedryfstakke uit die nywerheid. Die versekeringswese en die groot- en kleinhandel uit die dienstesektor word ook gedek. Daarby is 'n verskeidenheid terme uit verwante vakgebiede ingesluit, soos vakwoorde uit die wiskunde, die statistiek, die handelsreg en die rekenaarkunde.Bylaes met afkortings, sinoniemgroepe en 'n waardevolle gids tot die gebruik van Afrikaanse en Engelse terme verhoog die waarde van die woordeboek. Since the publication of the first edition of the Economics Dictionary in 1976 many developments have resulted in the observation that this work required thorough revision. Several of the Afrikaans terms showed little viability, many terms were missing from both the English and Afrikaans texts, strong growth in the economic literature and that of related sciences, together with developments in the business world, called for Afrikaans terms, while the publication of a number of Afrikaans texts offered a valuable source of new terminology. This major new dictionary is a thoroughly revised and greatly enlarged edition of the Economics Dictionary of 1976. With English as source language the number of headwords more than doubled - from 40 000 to nearly 100 000.

'I, the poet William Yeats, | With old mill boards and sea-green slates, | And smithy work from the Gort forge, | Restored this tower for my wife George; | And may these characters remain | When all is ruin once again.' With this lovely six-line poem, W. B. Yeats dedicated the renovation of Thoor Ballylee to his wife. But the poem's truth conceals another, and different truth - that they worked together at the restoration, and it was largely her vision and hands that created a dwelling from the former ruins. Just how symbolic this is, of the close but largely hidden collaboration between them, is revealed by this deeply-researched life of George Yeats - the first full-scale biography of a woman of remarkable gifts and generous self-concealment. Raised in the decades before the First War, in London literary salons where the arts and occult met, Georgie Hyde Lees became an art student, accomplished linguist, and serious scholar of medieval arcana, anthroposophy, and astrology. She was a lifelong friend of Ezra Pound and his wife Dorothy Shakespear, in whose social circle Yeats also moved; he sponsored her initiation to the Order of the Golden Dawn. In 1917 they married (she was 25, he 52), and on their honeymoon Georgie began the automatic writing which formed the substance of A Vision, and from which sprang the ideas that occupied Yeats for the rest of his life. Her 'extrasensory' perceptions fed his poetic imagery as her practicality and warmth supplied the environment for his writing. As with the restoration of Ballylee, they were intimate collaborators - but her instinct was always for self-effacement. Though valued by numerous writer-friends (among them Lennox Robinson, Thomas McGreevy, and Frank O'Connor) as a perceptive critic - and known to have written two plays and a novel, which she suppressed - she deliberately hid her talents from public view. Her choice was to appear as Yeats's wife, helpmeet, and secretary, the mother of his children - and for thirty years after his death the tireless overseer of his literary legacy and a knowledgeable adviser to generations of younger critics and writers. For the first time, this intelligent and creative woman is allowed to take centre stage. Drawing on memoirs and a wealth of unknown and unpublished sources, this biography by the distinguished scholar Ann Saddlemyer reveals someone much more significant than just 'Mrs W. B. Yeats' - a personality at once visionary and practical, and an important figure in twentieth-century literary history.

A lot has happened to the UK Constitution in the last seven years. We've witnessed the UK's exit from the EU, further devolution to Scotland and Wales, a number of prominent cases by the Supreme Court, two early parliamentary general elections, major governmental defeats and two Prime Ministerial resignations. Alison Young has built on the text of Colin Turpin and Adam Tomkins' earlier edition, keeping their unique historical and contextual approach, whilst bringing the material up to date with more contemporary examples, including references to Brexit, the recent prorogation and Brexit case law, and the Covid-19 pandemic. The book continues to include substantial extracts from parliamentary and other political sources as well as from legislation and case law. It also provides a full yet accessible account of the British constitution at the culmination of a series of dramatic events, on the threshold of possible further constitutional reform.

Henry is ietwat aan die lywige kant, daarom dat van die ander ouens in Graad 9 hom spottenderwys Koning Henry noem. Hy voel vere vir rugby en krieket - tot sy pa se ewige misnoee. Maar rekenaars is 'n ander saak! Op daardie gebied stof hy al sy skoolmaats uit. Een van Henry se lekkerste tydverdrywe is om laatnag van die een chat room na die volgende te surf op die Internet, op soek na iemand by wie hy aanklank vind. Een aand glimlag die geluksgodin vir hom: nie alleen maak die geheimsinnige Wolf weer sy verskyning nie, maar daar is ook 'n nuwe ou wat Henry se taal praat.