It is a truism that the increasingly rapid movement in technology is forcing change and shift in the norms of international law. The 149 states of the Law of the Sea Conferences of the United Nations have been attempting to establish and develop adequate legal norms that will take into account the need for the orderly growth and use of the changing technological capabilities and the resulting economic development that cannot and should not be hindered by in adequate law. When such norms are identified and agreed by a substantial majority of states, they are usually set out and placed into multilateral treaties. The rules governing the resource and non-resource allocation of the oceans and the uses ofthe oceans have posed major difficulties for the development of international law for many years. The Geneva Conference of 1958 building upon the groundwork of the International Law Commission of the United Nations shaped a rough structure for a 20th Century Law of the Seas and for mulated the effort in four major international conventions. But a majority of the states failed to ratify or accede to the conventions. Even had they become effec tive as the expression of the Law of the Seas in the second half of the 20th Cen tury, there was one glaring area of omission: a conventional law for the waters of mid-ocean archipelagos and archipelagic states.

[Writings pertaining to European and international private, banking and commercial law] Europeanization and internationalization challenge the realm of jurisprudence to an extraordinary degree. The division in special fields and the relationship with other social sciences necessitate critical reevaluation in view of many interactions. Cross-references between commercial law regulation and private, autonomous arrangement distinctly show this development. Jurisprudence emerging beyond Germany has to deal with such challenges. The law of financial services serves as an example of the cross-section material from private law and (public) commercial law. This takes into account the series at hand in terms of content and method. In addition to banking, capital market and financial law as the main emphasis, corporate law, competition & cartel law, intangible property rights, insolvency law and also labor law show similar overlaps. The intensive internationally-oriented treatment of the overlaps of classical private law - in particular contractual law - and commercial law promise a bountiful yield, especially on the European level under the summarizing aspect of corporate law. The outstanding monography also finds its place in the series, as well as the conference volume, works in German and also occasional works in English. There are economically-aligned works in addition to juridical works constituting the main emphasis. Works pertaining to Europeanization and internationalization are compiled in the series, which convey commercial law and commercially-conceived private law in an outstanding manner.

Since the US Constitution came into force in 1789, it has been amended just twenty-seven times, with ten of those amendments coming in the first two years following ratification. By contrast, state constitutions have been completely rewritten on a regular basis, and the current documents have been amended on average 150 times. This is because federal amendments are difficult, so politicians rarely focus on enacting them. Rather, they work to secure favorable congressional statutes or Supreme Court decisions. By contrast, the relative ease of state amendment processes makes them a realistic and regular vehicle for seeking change. With State Constitutional Politics, John Dinan looks at the various occasions in American history when state constitutional amendments have served as instruments of governance. Among other things, amendments have constrained state officials in the way they levy taxes and spend money; enacted policies unattainable through legislation on issues ranging from minimum wage to the regulation of marijuana; and updated understandings of rights, including religious liberty, equal protection, and the right to bear arms. In addition to comprehensively chronicling the ways amendments shape politics in the states, Dinan also assesses the consequences of undertaking changes in governance through amendments rather than legislation or litigation. For various reasons, including the greater stability and legitimacy of changes achieved through the amendment process, he argues that it might be a more desirable way of achieving change.

This book is centered on the fifteen landmark cases as identified and required for students taking the College Board Advanced Placement® Government and Politics Exam. Reading U.S. Supreme Court cases can be a difficult task, especially in the limited time frame allotted to prepare for the exam. In keeping with the College Board’s admonition that students be able to read and understand the high-level language of primary sources, this book engages readers with the original language of the cases in a condensed form with the most integral pieces intact in order to prepare students for the complex thinking and analysis required for the course and the exam. More than simple summaries, these cases maintain the original language and include thought-provoking, challenging, questions to train readers to read like lawyers, not only for the exam, but for the rest of their lives as consumers of new and emerging case law.

The European Communities are only two decades old. The most important of the three Communities, the European Economic Community (EEC), is even younger, having come into existence in 1958. 1 Two decades have been hardly enough time to have more than reached, much less settled, the impor tant questions of the relationship between Community law and institutions and those of the Member States. Among the most challenging of the questions is the extent to which the courts of the Member States will fulfill the obligation of safeguarding the rights created by the Treaty of Rome in favor of private persons, both indivi dual and corporate, an obligation which the Court of Justice of the European Communities has said rests upon the national courts. This obligation flows naturally, though not necessarily, from the commitment of the Court of Justice to an effective Community. However, the result depends on that commitment, and there is a natural concern that the national courts may not share the commitment to an effective Community to a degree necessary to fulfill their obligations under Community law as those obligations have been defined by the Court of Justice. In order to fu1fi11 their obligations to Community law the courts of the Member States will have to solve some serious problems, and do it with comparatively little help from the Court of Justice."

The recent series of diplomatic kidnappings has produced some serious thinking not only in Washington but in most of the foreign offices and embassies throughout the diplomatic world. The kidnappings-and how to deal with them-have been the subject of Congressional committee hearings, State Department deliberations, and international debate and action by the Organization of American States. It is the purpose of this study to analyze them within the context of urban guerilla terrorism, international legal norms, and world diplomatic practice. Selected examples of diplomatic kidnappings, particularly those in Latin America and Canada, strikingly illustrate the new revolutionary strategy of utilizing terrorism as a political tactic to achieve long-range political. goals. As with its kindred phenomenon-the airplane hijack ings-the kidnappings of foreign diplomats seize upon and exploit innocent victims as hostage pawns; a bargaining situation is thus created in which the revolutionary minority can achieve a diplomatic leverage which is far greater than in proportion to its numbers, military strength, or popular appeal. Through terrorism the urban guerillas hope to achieve tactical advances within the general strategy of political revolu tion; even temporary governmental repression if it occurs in reprisal becomes part of that strategy. Chapter I in particular and the entire manuscript in general examine the kidnappings within the parameters of revolutionary terrorism. The kidnappings have also had serious legal and political ramifications in the realm of world diplomacy."

Das vorliegende Handbuch gewahrt eine vollstandige und aktuelle UEbersicht uber die Rechtslage des Arbeitnehmers bei Insolvenz seines Arbeitgebers. Dabei werden die Rechte der Arbeitnehmer sowohl im Rahmen des gesetzlichen Insolvenzverfahrens wie auch bei Vermoegensverfall ohne Eroeffnung eines Insolvenzverfahrens betrachtet. Ebenfalls in die Darstellung aufgenommen wurde die Untersuchung der Lage der Arbeitnehmer im Insolvenzplanverfahren. In einem weiteren Abschnitt werden die Rechte der Arbeitnehmer bei Masseunzulanglichkeit beleuchtet. Das Werk enthalt ferner Hinweise auf die Problematik im europaischen Zusammenhang, die angesichts der internationalen wirtschaftlichen Verflechtung auf der einen Seite und der Realisierung der Freizugigkeit fur Arbeitnehmer auf der anderen Seite eine immer groessere Bedeutung gewonnen hat. Berucksichtigt worden sind das dritte Buch des Sozialgesetzbuches, das Gesetz uber Teilzeitarbeit und befristete Arbeitsvertrage vom 21.12.2000, das Altersteilzeitgesetz vom 23.07.1996, die Neufassung des Kundigungsschutzgesetzes, zuletzt geandert durch Gesetz vom 24.12.2003, das Gesetz zur Verbesserung der betrieblichen Altersversorgung, zuletzt geandert durch Gesetz vom 15.08.2003, die gesamte Neufassung der Sozialhilfe, in Kraft getreten zum 01.01.2005.

This volume presents a multidisciplinary overview of the factors of integration between the two shores of the Adriatic sea. The research promoted by the "Coordinamento Adriatico" is dedicated to a range of problems chronologically anchored to modernity and contemporaneity. The study focuses on the situation of the upper Adriatic with particular attention to the intellectual, political, economic, institutional, legal, administrative and artistic expressions of life.

Well-being Regulation]Lawyers and attorneys face every day a tremendous amount of stress. This publication offers numerous tips and tricks how to improve one's dealing with stress and how to to overcome stress.

This study is an expanded and revised version of a thesis accepted for the Ph. D. Degree by the University of London in 1965. My sincere thanks go to Dr. Bertha Malnick, formerly of the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, for her valuable advice, criticism, and encourage ment. Some of the material used in Chapters Three and Four has been published earlier in The Slavonic & East European Review, and I am grateful to the Editors of that journal for their kind permission to draw on it for the present purpose. Most of my research was carried out in the libraries of the British Museum and of the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, and I wish to thank the many members of the staff of both these institutions who facilitated my labours. My thanks also go to the ladies of York University Secretarial Services involved in preparing the manuscript for the press. Finally, I must acknowledge the immense debt of gratitude lowe to my wife, without whose co-operation the whole project could never have materialised. The responsibility for all opinions expressed in this book and for all its shortcomings is entirely my own. Toronto, Canada December 1970 INTRODUCTION The eighteenth century for Russia marks the transition from the medieval (i. e. religious) to the modern European (i. e."

Der vorliegende Band dokumentiert die auf dem Festkolloquium der Juristischen Fakultat der Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin aus Anlass des 150. Geburtstages von Hermann Staub im Fruhjahr 2006 gehaltenen Vortrage. Tillmann Krach und Thomas Henne berichten uber Staubs Leben im Kaiserreich zwischen beruflichen Erfolgen und antisemitischer Diskriminierung. Hans-Georg Hermann und Dieter Medicus analysieren Staubs beruhmte zivilistische Studie uber die "positiven Vertragsverletzungen" im historischen Kontext und in ihrer Umsetzung durch die Schuldrechtsreform. Jan Thiessen und Karsten Schmidt widmen sich den Kommentaren Staubs, die sein eigentliches Lebenswerk und Vermachtnis darstellen. Der Band enthalt ausserdem neben unveroffentlichten Fotos zwei Faksimile-Abdrucke von Staubs Werken - die Ursprungsfassung der "positiven Vertragsverletzungen" und einen Auszug aus der Erstauflage zu Staubs ADHGB-Kommentar -, einen bislang nur schwer zuganglichen Nachruf von Staubs Schwager Arthur Schindler sowie einen Auszug aus Staubs Abgangszeugnis von der Koniglichen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitat zu Berlin."

U.S. Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas (1898–1980) was a giant in the legal world, although often remembered for his four wives, as a potential vice-presidential nominee, as a target of impeachment proceedings, and for his tenure as the longest-serving justice from 1939 to 1975. His most enduring legacy, however, is perhaps his advocacy for the environment. Douglas was the spiritual heir to early 20th-century conservation pioneers such as Teddy Roosevelt and John Muir. His personal spiritual mantra embraced nature as a place of solitude, sanctuary, and refuge. Caught in the giant expansion of America’s urban and transportation infrastructure after World War II, Douglas became a powerful leader in forging the ambitious goals of today’s environmental movement. In doing so, he became a true citizen justice. In a way that would be unthinkable today, Douglas ran a one-man lobby shop from his chambers at the Supreme Court, bringing him admiration from allies in conservation groups but raising ethical issues with his colleagues. He became a national figure through his books, articles, and speeches warning against environmental dangers. Douglas organised protest hikes to leverage his position as a national icon; he lobbied politicians and policymakers privately about everything from logging to highway construction and pollution; and he protested at the Supreme Court through his voluminous and passionate dissents. He made a lasting contribution to both the physical environment and environmental law, with trees still standing, dams unbuilt, and beaches protected as a result of his work. His merged roles as citizen advocate and justice also put him squarely in the centre of ethical dilemmas that he never fully resolved. Citizen Justice elucidates the why and how of these tensions and their contemporary lessons against the backdrop of Douglas’s unparalleled commitment to the environment.

Offering the most thought-provoking introduction to EU law. Written in a highly readable narrative style, the book provides students with a succinct yet sophisticated analysis of the core aspects of the subject, while also equipping them with the tools for further exploration. Figures and tables clarify complex ideas and processes, and a guide to finding and reading EU judgments offers valuable practical support. This carefully structured guide brings clarity to a broad and multifaceted subject.

The casebook from Brauer hands the advanced students, who deal with Corporation Law and Capital Market Law, an applied article of the "classical problem" of these fields of law at exam level. Particular attention is given to an as representative as possible exam-type processing of the problem.

Best books of 2021, Financial Times 'Grab some popcorn and take a front row seat, because Robin Wigglesworth has an astonishing story to tell you' Tim Harford, author of How to Make the World Add Up 'A fascinating account of an investment revolution' Ian Fraser, Literary Review 'A magisterial, delightfully written history offering up portraits of the academic scribblers and entrepreneurial practitioners who created the index-fund revolution' The Wall Street Journal 'Wigglesworth has written an important book' Patrick Hosking, Financial Editor, The Times 'A terrific read' Gregory Zuckerman, author of The Man Who Solved the Market 'A fascinating journey and a crucial book for anyone trying to understand the financial markets' Bradley Hope, author of Billion Dollar Whale --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In Trillions, Financial Times journalist Robin Wigglesworth unveils the vivid secret history of index funds, bringing to life the colourful characters behind their birth, growth and evolution into a world-conquering phenomenon. It is the untold story behind one of the most pressing financial uncertainties of our time. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 'An easy-to-understand and fun read, full of lively characters and little-known details of how finance really works today' Gillian Tett, author of Anthro-Vision

The present volume has been planned and prepared in meetings of the Research Committee for the Sociology of Law of the International Sociological Association at the initiative of its chairman, Renato Treves, who also took upon himself editorial responsibility. The first edition of the volume appeared in Italian under the title La socioZogia deZ diritto. ProbZemi e ricerche. It was published in Milano, August I966. The present English edition has the same contents as the Italian volume with the addition of a concluding chapter by J an Glastra van Loon. This publication was undertaken with the purpose of presenting a survey of recent trends in sociology of law in various countries of the world. We hope that the growing interest in the discipline, as evidenced by the large number of publications issued since the Italian edition of this volume, * may be considered as justification for this undertaking. J. v. L. R. T. * We should like to refer to the Law and Society Review published in the United States, to the issue of Acta Sociologica, September 1966, devoted to sociology of law, and finally to the many papers submitted to and discussed at the meetings of the Research Committee for the Sociology of Law during the VIth World Congress of Sociology at Evian. INTRODUCTION by RENATO TREVES I. The sociology 0/ law in its traditional sense and in its more recent developments. Origin and obfects 0/ this work.

This book follows the journeys of those fleeing war, poverty or political crises, risking their lives as they attempt to find sanctuary in Europe. Over the past 25 years, almost 40,000 migrants have been reported missing or died due to drowning or exhaustion on the borders of Europe. 6,000 migrants died in 2016 alone, making it the deadliest year on record. Growing numbers of arrivals since 2015 have caused a wave of panic to sweep across the countries of the European Union, which has responded with an increasingly entrenched policy - the only one it considers appropriate - of fortifying its external borders. As a result, numerous walls and fences have sprung up to "regulate the flows", new camps have been opened and reception centres have been set up beyond the frontiers of Europe, all accompanied by the steady militarisation of surveillance and repression. The EU has thus been just as active in precipitating this "migrant crisis" as it has been in prolonging its effects. Indeed, this crisis calls into question the entire European system for border management and policies on immigration and reception. Deconstructing preconceptions, changing the way we see others, probing borders and mapping the nexus of control and detention, the collection of articles, maps, photographs and illustrations in this Atlas provide an important critical geography of migration policies. Perfect for journalists, activists, students of geopolitics at school or university, this Atlas seeks, above all, to give migrants a voice.

Ernst-Joachim Mestmacker hat eine Reihe von Beitragen zum Urheberrecht publiziert. Diese sind freilich weit verstreut veroeffentlicht, in Sammelbanden, Festschriften und in- und auslandischen Zeitschriften. In dem vorliegenden Band werden diese Beitrage zusammengefuhrt und so erstmals in einer Gesamtschau zuganglich gemacht. Die Gesamtschau zeigt die Breite der Themenstellungen, die Mestmacker behandelt. Sie macht zugleich aber auch die Koharenz des Gesamtschaffens deutlich. Urheberrecht und Wahrnehmungsrecht werden bei Mestmacker stets im wirtschaftsrechtlichen Kontext gesehen und zudem von Anfang an auch unter Berucksichtigung des Europarechts. Ein Schwerpunkt der Untersuchungen - in der beeindruckenden Spanne wissenschaftlichen Schaffens 1960 bis heute - liegt im Recht der urheberrechtlichen Verwertungsgesellschaften. Die Publikation erscheint im Jahr 2006, zum 80. Geburtstag von Ernst-Joachim Mestmacker.

Throughout this essay all dates are given in New Style. When pamphlets were originally dated Old Style, the new date has been substituted. In all quotations the original seventeenth-century spelling has been retained. A "sic" is placed in the quotation only where it appears to be certain that there has been a misprint in the original. I want to express my sincere gratitude to the late Professor Garrett Mattingly of Columbia University for his inspiration and guidance during the years spent under his sponsorship. It was a rare privilege to study under him. Professor Sidney Burrell of Barnard College offered many constructive suggestions and I am most appreciative of the kind interest he took in the completion of this study. I also wish to thank the editors of The American Journal of Legal History for publishing some of my material on Chancery reform in their Journal. The staff of the North Library of the British Museum was most helpful in making available the many volumes of the Thomason Collection. Thanks are also due to the staff of the Library of Union Theological Seminary who helped in the location of materials from the McAlpin Collection.

Virtually all pertinent issues that the world faces today - such as nuclear proliferation, climate change, the spread of infectious disease and economic globalization - imply objects that move. However, surprisingly little is known about how the actual objects of world politics are constituted, how they move and how they change while moving. This book addresses these questions through the concept of 'translation' - the simultaneous processes of object constitution, transportation and transformation. Translations occur when specific forms of knowledge about the environment, international human rights norms or water policies consolidate, travel and change. World Politics in Translation conceptualizes 'translation' for International Relations by drawing on theoretical insights from Literary Studies, Postcolonial Scholarship and Science and Technology Studies. The individual chapters explore how the concept of translation opens new perspectives on development cooperation, the diffusion of norms and organizational templates, the performance in and of international organizations or the politics of international security governance. This book constitutes an excellent resource for students and scholars in the fields of Politics, International Relations, Social Anthropology, Development Studies and Sociology. Combining empirically grounded case studies with methodological reflection and theoretical innovation, the book provides a powerful and productive introduction to world politics in translation.