Recent Advances in Materials Characterization and Modeling of Pavement Systems includes 16 technical papers presented during a one-day Pavement Mechanics Symposium at the 15th ASCE Engineering Mechanics Conference (EM2002) at Columbia University, New York, on June 4, 2002. The papers cover recent advances in the areas of subgrade soil and aggregate base/subbase materials characterization, asphalt concrete mixes and their constitutive modeling, pavement systems modeling, and use of artificial neural networks in pavement modeling. The analysis methods include both finite and discrete element modeling techniques, artificial neural networks, microstructural analysis, stiffness matrix approach for dynamic pavement analysis, and curve fitting and statistical parameter estimation techniques. Also included are different methods of laboratory and field testing: triaxial, asphalt tension, asphalt x-ray tomography imaging, asphalt binder, nondestructive pavement, accelerated pavement, and field bender element method. Engineers working within geotechnical and transportation facilities, who have a special interest in pavement mechanics, will find this special publication of particular interest.

CERF/IIEC is a global not-for-profit 501(c)(3) organization, created by ASCE, focused on constructing an efficient and renewable future. In collaboration with the construction, engineering, and environmental industries, CERF/IIEC promotes and facilitates the advancement of innovation for a sustainable infrastructure. In particular, CERF/IIEC operates innovative technology programs to speed the use of innovation into practice in the areas of transportation, public works, energy systems and applications, and the environment. CERF/IIEC also strives to bring about market transformation and move institutions toward a sustainable future through training and technical assistance, financial analysis, policy advocacy and project demonstrations. CERF/IIEC is headquartered in Washington, DC, with offices in Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas.

Prepared by the Highway Innovative Technology Evaluation Center (HITEC), a CERF service center. This report presents the results of a detailed evaluation of the Mirolux Plus 30 pavement marking 30-meter retroreflectometer. The evaluation is designed to test the measurement bias, repeatability, and reproducibility of handheld and mobile retroreflectometers produced by several manufacturers.

Prepared by the Highway Innovative Technology Evaluation Center (HITEC), a CERF service center. This report presents the results of a detailed evaluation of the MX 30 pavement marking 30-meter retroreflectometer. The evaluation is designed to test the measurement bias, repeatability, and reproducibility of handheld and mobile retroreflectometers produced by several manufacturers.

Prepared by the Highway Innovative Technology Evaluation Center (HITEC), a CERF service center. This report presents the results of a detailed evaluation of the FRT01 pavement marking 30-meter retroreflectometer. The evaluation is designed to test the measurement bias, repeatability, and reproducibility of handheld and mobile retroreflectometers produced by several manufacturers.

Prepared by the Highway Innovative Technology Evaluation Center (HITEC), a CERF service center. This report presents the results of a detailed evaluation of the ECODYN pavement marking 30-meter retroreflectometer. The evaluation is designed to test the measurement bias, repeatability, and reproducibility of handheld and mobile retroreflectometers produced by several manufacturers.

This book provides an overall perspective of how various elements contributing to highway design interact to create a basis for the preliminary route selection and design. It presents projects from the initial provision of a topographic map and specifications through to the investment and user cost estimates of a particular highway. Vertical and horizontal alignment, drainage issues, and potential environmental impacts are also discussed. Intended for use by senior undergraduate and graduate students, this edition: expands on environmental reporting concerns; presents a discussion of economic cost analysis and its applications; includes an outline of route selection and design methods aided by digital terrain and computerized alignment modeling; and furthers realism of design and evaluation in the classroom. ""Geometric Design Projects for Highways, Second Edition"", is structured to complement highway design theory described in existing texts and design guidelines, and to supplement these in a typical highway design course. This book can also serve as a supplementary text for an introductory short-course on geometric design for practicing engineers, and is a practical resource for transportation and land-use planners.

Prepared by the Highway Innovative Technology Evaluation Center (HITEC), a CERF Service Center. The report describes a HITEC evaluation of Bondade CU-31 Bonding Solution, manufactured by Transpo Industries. The report describes a three-year program of field testing and evaluation designed to determine the effectiveness of Bondade CU-31 in extending the service life of pothole repairs.

This third edition of the late R.J. Salter's successful book has been revised and updated by N.B. Hounsell. Part I covers transportation planning, incorporating new methodological approaches and models. Part II covers highway traffic analysis and design, including updated sections on link and junction design, together with new computer aided design packages. Part III concentrates in traffic signals, with new chapters on microprocessor-based signal control and modern urban traffic control systems. This new edition consolidates the book's position as a practical text of traffic theory and practice, including many worked examples, for undergraduate and postgraduate students of transport and traffic engineering.

This volume, the first to result from the Diebold Institute Information-Based Infrastructure Project, explores the links between business and government in the development of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) technology. The work focuses on road and vehicular infrastructures, comparing those of the U.S., Europe, and Japan, and the roles that ITS can play in solving major current and anticipated future transportational problems. Special attention is given to environmental and economic concerns.

The world's infrastructure requires refurbishing, but it especially requires rethinking. The computer has transformed business enterprises and now information technology can change our environment. This book explores the benefits and how to achieve them through the use of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The implementation of ITS will potentially lead to individual drivers, fleet operators, and public transit users saving vast amounts of journey time and fuel, to a significant reduction in pollution and to improved road safety. The Japanese are ahead of the U.S. and Europe in the area of intelligent transportation systems, using position location devices, and electronic maps.

Most look at this development as one that helps speed passenger cars, but this book details the economics which point to the technology being equally good for speeding trucks and easing the movement of freight. Traffic avoidance is only part of the problem although route guidance is helpful. Financing of projects in ITS is an important area for innovation and ITS could be a source of revenue to municipalities rather than an expense.

This volume, the first to result from the Diebold Institute Information-Based Infrastructure Project, explores the links between business and government in the development of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) technology. The work focuses on road and vehicular infrastructures, comparing those of the U.S., Europe, and Japan, and the roles that ITS can play in solving major current and anticipated future transportational problems. Special attention is given to environmental and economic concerns.

The world's infrastructure requires refurbishing, but it especially requires rethinking. The computer has transformed business enterprises and now information technology can change our environment. This book explores the benefits and how to achieve them through the use of intelligent transportation systems (ITS). The implementation of ITS will potentially lead to individual drivers, fleet operators, and public transit users saving vast amounts of journey time and fuel, to a significant reduction in pollution and to improved road safety. The Japanese are ahead of the U.S. and Europe in the area of intelligent transportation systems, using position location devices, and electronic maps.

Most look at this development as one that helps speed passenger cars, but this book details the economics which point to the technology being equally good for speeding trucks and easing the movement of freight. Traffic avoidance is only part of the problem although route guidance is helpful. Financing of projects in ITS is an important area for innovation and ITS could be a source of revenue to municipalities rather than an expense.

This is an overview of the use of waste materials in highway construction. It presents a summary of practices in the use of waste materials in highway construction and the experiences of the US in the technical, environmental, and economic aspects of the various applications of the waste materials. The information presented was obtained from a review of published literature, presentations of research by professionals at different forums, personal meetings with experts, and a questionnaire regarding the use of waste materials to each state highway agency.Public concern is constantly expressed about the vast quantities of useful materials being discarded or destroyed. Legislation to stimulate recycling efforts is in force in a number of states, and is being debated in others. One avenue of approach toward waste reduction is presented here.The book describes the state-of-the-practice in the use of waste materials in highway construction in the US and describes the applications of selected waste materials including: waste tires, waste glass, reclaimed paving materials, slags and ashes, building rubble, sewage sludge, and incinerator residue. An evaluation based on technical, environmental, and economic factors indicated that reclaimed paving materials, coal fly ash, blast furnace slag, bottom ash, boiler slag, steel slag, and rubber tires have significant potential to replace conventional materials for various applications in highway construction. Specific applications of the waste products and potential problems associated with their usage in highway operations, which must be addressed prior to their extensive use, are also included.

Peak-hour traffic congestion has become a major problem in most U.S. cities. In fact, a majority of residents in metropolitan and suburban areas consider congestion their most serious local problem. As citizens have become increasingly frustrated by repeated traffic delays that cost them money and waste time, congestion has become an important factor affecting local government policies in many parts of the nation. In this new book, Anthony Downs looks at the causes of worsening traffic congestion, especially in suburban areas, and considers the possible remedies. He analyzes the specific advantages and disadvantages of every major strategy that has been proposed to reduce congestion. In nontechnical language, he focuses on two central issues: the relationships between land-use and traffic flow in rapidly growing areas, and whether local policies can effectively reduce congestion or if more regional approaches are necessary. In rapidly growing parts of the country, congestion is worse than it was five or ten years ago. But Downs notes that the problem has apparently not yet become bad enough to stimulate effective responses. Neither government officials nor citizens seem willing to consider changing the behavior and public policies that cause congestion. To alleviate the problem, both groups must be prepared to make these fundamental changes. Selected by Choice as an Outstanding Book of 1992 Co-published with the Lincoln Institute of Land Policy

At the turn of the twentieth century, good highways eluded most Americans and nearly all southerners. In their place, a jumble of dirt roads covered the region like a bed of briars. Introduced in 1915, the Dixie Highway changed all that by merging hundreds of short roads into dual interstate routes that looped from Michigan to Miami and back. In connecting the North and the South, the Dixie Highway helped end regional isolation and served as a model for future interstates. In this book, Tammy Ingram offers the first comprehensive study of the nation's earliest attempt to build a highway network, revealing how the modern U.S. transportation system evolved out of the hard-fought political, economic, and cultural contests that surrounded the Dixie's creation. The most visible success of the Progressive Era Good Roads Movement, the Dixie Highway also became its biggest casualty. It sparked a national dialogue about the power of federal and state agencies, the role of local government, and the influence of ordinary citizens. In the South, it caused a backlash against highway bureaucracy that stymied road building for decades. Yet Ingram shows that after the Dixie Highway, the region was never the same.

Recounts the history of the Good Roads Movement that arose in progressive-era Alabama, how it used the power of the state to achieve its objectives of improving market roads for farmers and highways for automobiles Getting Out of the Mud: The Alabama Good Roads Movement and Highway Administration, 1898-1928 explores the history of the Good Roads Movement and investigates the nature of early twentieth-century progressivism in the state. Martin T. Olliff reveals how middle-class reformers secured political, economic, and social power not only by fighting against corporate domination and labor recalcitrance but also by proposing alternative projects like road improvement and identifying the interests of the rising middle class as being the most important to public interest. With the development of national markets in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Americans began to regard the nation as a whole, rather than their state or region, as the most important political entity. Many Alabamians wished to travel beyond their local communities in all seasons without getting stuck in the mud of rudimentary rutted dirt roads. The onset of the automobile age bolstered the need for roadmaking, alerting both automobilists and good roads advocates to the possibility of a new transportation infrastructure. The Good Roads Movement began promoting farm-to-market roads, then highways that linked cities, then those that connected states. Federal matching funds for road construction after 1916 led state and federal governments to supplant the Good Roads Movement, building and administering the highway system that emerged by the late 1920s. Olliff's study of how Alabamians dealt with strained resources and overcame serious political obstacles in order to construct a road system that would accommodate economic growth in the twentieth century may offer clues to the resurrection of a similar strategy in our modern era. Many problems are unchanged over the hundred years between crises: Alabamians demand good roads and a government that has the capacity to build and maintain such an infrastructure while, at the same time, citizens are voting into office men and women who promise lower taxes and smaller government.

This book provides a thorough guide to building resilient cities, through the use of smart solutions enabled by information and communication technologies. It introduces innovative approaches for integrating smart solutions into urban resilience planning and offers numerous global case studies to illustrate the benefits of the theories discussed. Against a background of increased natural disasters, pandemics, and climate change, this book answers research questions such as: * Do smart city projects contribute to urban climate resilience? * What are the indicators of smart city resilience? * What procedures should be taken to improve efficacy of smart city solutions? * What are the opportunities and challenges for promoting smart city resilience and for integrating resilience thinking into smart city planning? Including contributions from international experts, explanatory illustrations, and data-driven tables, this book is of interest to researchers, policymakers, and graduate students focused on developing more sustainable, smart, and resilient cities.

The book focuses on specific infrastructural solutions for bicycling for Indian cities and other emerging economies. It explores the current state of bicycling infrastructure in Indian cities and proposes standard and custom designs, guidelines, 2D and 3D illustrations, technical drawings as well as relevant discussions and explanations for the choice of right infrastructural solutions according to site constraints. This volume will be of great interest to those in academia and industry dedicated to a vision of creating inclusive streets in Indian cities and emerging economies to making the street safe and comfortable for bicyclists.

This book presents human-centered concepts and solutions for mobility, logistics and infrastructure that will make our growing metropolitan areas more livable and sustainable.The still accelerating megatrend of urbanization is leading to constantly growing metropolitan areas. This creates a whole series of challenges for municipalities, as well as citizens, such as overcrowded traffic routes, limited building space and an increasingly difficult supply situation. With this book we want to answer the following question: How can people live in densely populated areas and meet their needs in terms of mobility, freedom, self-determination, security, prosperity, communication or in other words: how can metropolitan regions be made humane? The answer to this question requires innovative ideas and approaches in various areas: Sustainable designs of infrastructure Economically and ecologically efficient logistics and mobility approaches Intelligent applications for navigation and communication All these ideas must be measured against the needs of citizens and should thus be developed following a human-centered design approach. This ensures that innovative solutions will be widely accepted by the public. In addition, they also have the potential to turn citizens into active co-designers of future metropolitan areas.

By now, planners everywhere know - more or less - what the ingredients of a sustainable city are, in theory. The problem is that only bits of solutions are being implemented in the cities that most need them, the majority of which are located in the Global South. This book examines issues related to policy transfer in urban transport planning in Southeast Asia. The metropolitan regions of four major capitals - Jakarta, Kuala Lumpur, Manila, and Bangkok - are considered. The book assesses the in-bound and out-bound transfer of sustainable transport planning policies, concepts, and tools. The investigation focuses on who transfers policy and why, what elements of policy are transferred, in what direction and to what degree, and what barriers does transfer face. It also discusses how policy transfer processes in the transportation planning arena can be improved.

The problems related to the process of industrialisation such as biodiversity depletion, climate change and a worsening of health and living conditions, especially but not only in developing countries, intensify. Therefore, there is an increasing need to search for integrated solutions to make development more sustainable. The United Nations has acknowledged the problem and approved the "2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development". On 1st January 2016, the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the Agenda officially came into force. These goals cover the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic growth, social inclusion and environmental protection. The Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals comprehensively addresses the SDGs in an integrated way. The Encyclopedia encompasses 17 volumes, each one devoted to one of the 17 SDGs. This volume addresses SDG 11, namely "Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable" and contains the description of a range of terms, which allows a better understanding and fosters knowledge. This book presents a set of papers on the state of the art of knowledge and practices about the numerous challenges for cities, solutions and opportunities for the future. Concretely, the defined targets are: Ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums Provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations, women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons Enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world's cultural and natural heritage Significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global gross domestic product caused by disasters, including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations Reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management Provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning Substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, in building sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials Editorial Board Samuel Borges Barbosa, Luciana Londero Brandli, Elisa Conticelli, Erin A. Hopkins, Olga Kuznetsova, Astrid Skjerven, Hari Srinivas

The book investigates the negotiation of governmental rationalities of car-dependent life in the face of climate change. It appears that current forms of governing are bound up with a specific utilisation of the freedom of the governed. Accordingly, the book demonstrates how the governing of automobility unfolds as people account for and, hence, conduct their transportation practices. In this way, it unravels how villagers in a small Danish village negotiate a municipal strategy and conduct their transportation practices in ways that merely sustain the villagers' already maintained car-dependent life forms.

Crack reflection through a road structure is one of the main causes of premature pavement deterioration. This is a widespread problem in many countries and highway maintenance authorities are having to find economic means of repairing and upgrading their pavements. This book considers different aspects of the subject including assessment, evaluation and prevention. The text should be of interest to highway engineers and government agencies.

In considering strait crossings, papers in this text deal with bridges, tunnels, immersed tunnels, submerged floating tunnels, floating bridges, ferry crossings in general, and social and environmental aspects.

The conference proceedings of 'Modelling Soil-Water-Structure Interaction SOWAS 88' held in 1988.

Dieses Lehrbuch vermittelt sehr verstandlich und anschaulich mit vielen Abbildungen das aktuelle Basiswissen der Eisenbahnbetriebslehre in Verbindung mit den betrieblichen Funktionalitaten der Leit- und Sicherungstechnik. Es beschreibt prozessorientiert die massgebenden Systemeigenschaften des Schienenverkehrs. In der aktuellen Auflage wurden insbesondere die Abschnitte zum European Train Control System (ETCS) zur Berucksichtigung aktueller Entwicklungen uberarbeitet und erganzt. Weiterhin wurden in den Kapiteln zur Leistungsuntersuchung und zur Fahrplankonstruktion die Behandlung kapazitatsrelevanter Netzelemente sowie die Bewertung des Fahrplans in der Darstellung verbessert. Praktische Zusatzinformationen zum Buch, wie beispielsweise ein Online-Glossar in Deutsch und Englisch, finden sich auf der Homepage des Autors.