Tasked by the Clean Water Act to restore and maintain the integrity of their waters, state and local governments must develop systems for assessing the health of the streams within their borders. They quickly find that one size does not fit all when it comes to sampling. Rapid Bioassessment of Stream Health examines the sampling techniques, laboratory methods, and data analysis necessary to create a protocol for analyzing the health of streams, using rapid bioassessment techniques. The editors explore how to determine reference streams in each ecoregion and subecoregion with specific indices of health. They provide field methods for monitoring and sampling invertebrates and laboratory methods for subsampling. The work focuses on the application of the EPA's Rapid Bioassessment Protocol (RBP) but suggests various techniques that can be used to improve sampling protocols and quality control, where necessary. It also includes general listings of health classifications, appendices of more than 300 streams that have been sampled, and a GIS method for designating the reference condition for purposes of comparison in each ecological unit. Although the EPA's RBP Manual is considered to be the standard of information on the types of metrics that can be used, this book explores, from a state regulatory standpoint, the practical development of such a system to begin compliance with critical sections of the Clean Water Act. A compendium of information about prioritizing those streams and small rivers requiring analysis, this book contains guidelines on the assessment of streams in a particular ecoregion and sampling streams that are at least impaired as points of comparison. It supplies guidance for the production of other rapid bioassessment tools customized to various ecoregions and subecoregions.

Renewable blue water flows will very soon be insufficient to meet the growing demands of the industrial, agricultural and domestic sectors. Within a generation, the proportion of the world 's population facing acute water stress could be as high as 50 per cent, because of increased pollution, population growth, urbanization, economic growth and, above all, because of poor management practices.The awareness of this crisis is growing and with it the realization that new approaches to water management are desperately needed. This book will provide the resources to create them. In it, many of the most successful and innovative managers today explain what can be achieved and how to improve the conservation of water, its distribution and its quality.

A remarkable portrait of the Ganges, India's most sacred and important river and a potent symbol across South Asia. "Indisputably the single best text on the Ganges and its history."-Wall Street Journal Originating in the Himalayas and flowing into the Bay of Bengal, the Ganges is India's most important and sacred river. In this unprecedented work, historian Sudipta Sen tells the story of the Ganges, from the communities that arose on its banks to the merchants that navigated its waters, and the way it came to occupy center stage in the history and culture of the subcontinent. Sen begins his chronicle in prehistoric India, tracing the river's first settlers, its myths of origin in the Hindu tradition, and its significance during the ascendancy of popular Buddhism. In the following centuries, Indian empires, Central Asian regimes, European merchants, the British Empire, and the Indian nation-state all shaped the identity and ecology of the river. Weaving together geography, environmental politics, and religious history, Sen offers in this lavishly illustrated volume a remarkable portrait of one of the world's largest and most densely populated river basins.

Part A: THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER AND TRIBUTARIES NORTH OF ST.

LOUIS.

Upper Mississippi River.

Lower Mississippi—Atchafalaya River.

Main Stem—Missouri River.

Kansas River.

The fresh water supplies of the Earth are finite and as the world's population continues to grow humanity's thirst for this water seems unquenchable. Intense pressure is being exerted upon freshwater resources and a lack of adequate clean water is seen as one of the most serious global problems for the 21st century. Indeed it has been said that the next war will be fought over water, not oil. Human health and the health of supporting ecosystems increasingly depends upon our ability to find, control, manage and understand water. In a single volume, The Encyclopedia of Hydrology and Water Resources provides the reader with a comprehensive overview and understanding of the diverse field of hydrology. The intimate inclusion of material on water resources emphasizes the practical applications of this field, applications which are indispensable in any modern approach to the subject. This volume is a vital reference for all hydrologists, hydrogeologists and water engineers worldwide, whether they are concerned with the exploitation of new sources of water, the protection and management of existing reserves, or the science of surface water and groundwater flow. 114 eminent scientists from 17 countries worldwide have contributed to this authoritative volume. Superbly illustrated throughout, it includes almost 300 entries on a range of key topics, including arid and semi-arid zones, climates and climate change, floods and droughts, desertification, entropy, flow measurement, groundwater, hydrological cycle, hydrological models, infiltration, karst hydrology, paleohydrology, precipitation, remote sensing, river pollution prevention, rivers, lakes and seas, satellite hydrology, soil erosion, water treatment, water use, weather radar, and world water balance.

Till the very end of the twentieth century tsunami waves (or 'waves in a harbour', translated from Japanese) were considered an extremely rare and exotic natural p- nomenon, originating in the ocean and unexpectedly falling upon the seaside as gigantic waves. The 26th of December 2004, when tsunami waves wiped out, in a single day, more than 250,000 human lives, mourned in many countries, turned out to be a tragic date for all mankind. The authors of this book, who have studied tsunami waves for many years, - tended it to be a systematic exposition of modern ideas concerning * The mechanisms of tsunami wave generation * The peculiarities of tsunami wave propagation in the open ocean and of how waves run-up beaches * Methods for tsunami wave registration and the operation of a tsunami warning system * The mechanisms of other catastrophic processes in the ocean related to the se- mic activity of our planet The authors considered their main goal to be the creation of book prese- ing modern knowledge of tsunami waves and of other catastrophes in the ocean to scienti?c researchers and specialists in geophysics, oceanography, seismology, hydroacoustics, geology, geomorphology, civil and seaside engineering, postgr- uate students and students of relevant professions.

Flows of the Columbia River, although modified substantially during the twentieth century, still vary considerably between seasons and between years. Lowest flows tend to occur during summer months when demand for irrigation water is at its highest and when water temperatures are greatest. These periods of low flows, high demand, and high temperature are critical periods for juvenile salmon migrating downstream through the Columbia River hydropower system. Although impacts on salmon of any individual water withdrawal may be small, the cumulative effects of numerous withdrawals will affect Columbia River flows and would pose increased risks to salmon survival. The body of scientific knowledge explaining salmon migratory behavior and physiology is substantial, but imperfect, and decision makers should acknowledge this and be willing to take action in the face of uncertainties. In order to provide a more comprehensive water permitting process, the State of Washington, Canada, other basin states, and tribal groups should establish a basin-wide forum to consider future water withdrawal application permits. If the State of Washington issues additional permits for water withdrawals from the Columbia River, those permits should contain provisions that allow withdrawals to be curtailed during critical high-demand periods. Table of Contents Front Matter Executive Summary 1 Introduction 2 Development and Changes in the Columbia River Basin 3 Hydrology and Water Management 4 Environmental Influences on Salmon 5 Water Laws and Institutions 6 Better Management of Existing Water Supplies 7 Water Resources Management, Risks, and Uncertainties 8 Epilogue References Appendix A: Columbia River Initiative Draft Management Scenarios, July 7, 2003 Appendix B: Resources Group Appendix C: Calculations on Annual Discharges of Water from the Columbia Basin Project Appendix D: Climate Change and Hydrologic Impacts Appendix E: Committee Biographical Information Appendix F: National Research Council Board Membership and Staff

This text targets advanced undergraduate students, graduate students and practicing aquatic scientists who seek to understand effects of flow on aquatic processes but have had little prior exposure to fluid dynamics. It provides a self-contained introduction to flows at small scales within oceans and fresh waters in ubiquitous settings, such as boundary layers and dissipative vortices, wherein viscosity suppresses inertial forces. Diagrams, graphs and equations enable reader calculations of viscous flow effects. Detailed derivations include drag forces, solute fluxes and particle encounter rates. Applications described include the effects of shape and orientation on drag in steady and unsteady flows, nutrient uptake by bacteria and phytoplankton, quorum sensing, particle coagulation and suspension feeding. Teachers of biological fluid dynamics will find this book to be a rich, student-tested source of examples and applications of low Reynolds number flows. Its coverage of both bounded and unbounded flows carefully specifies the limits of low Reynolds number behaviors as flow velocities increase, and indicates the consequences when those limits are approached and exceeded.

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Dramatically Improve Your Hydrogeology Field Skills and Master New Advances in Groundwater Science The Second Edition of Hydrogeology Field Manual provides the latest information on applied applications in groundwater sampling and water-quality assessment, aquifer characterization, contamination issues, karst applications, and more. The book includes actual procedures, real-world decisions, and many examples and case studies to help you understand the occurrence and movement of groundwater in a variety of geologic settings. Filled with tips, tricks-of-the-trade, and anecdotes from seasoned field hydrogeologists, the book explains how to gain instant expertise in most field methodologies and expand your abilities for data interpretation ...and other essential skills. The Second Edition of Hydrogeology Field Manual features: Sage advice on how to collect hydrogeologic field data Guidance on drilling methods, safety, and work with drilling contractors A practical description of slug testing Effective site characterization methods Expert advice on monitoring-well design Over 250 skills-building illustrations and photos Two new chapters on karst hydrogeology, including characterization and performing dye tracer tests All chapters have new material, including more examples and worked problems If you are still in college, a recent graduate, or a working professional needing a ready reference to assist you with field-related matters, this is your book. Experienced hydrogeologists and those in related fields will also welcome the practical time-saving and trouble-avoidance tips. Capitalize on Cutting-Edge Techniques of Field Hydrogeology * Field Hydrogeology * The Geology of Hydrogeology * Aquifer Properties * Basic Geophysics of the Shallow Subsurface * Groundwater Flow * Groundwater/Surface Water Interaction * Water Chemistry Sampling and Results * Drilling and Well Completion * Pumping Tests * Aquifer Hydraulics * Slug Testing * Vadose Zone * Karst Hydrogeology * Tracer Tests * Dye Trace Testing

With 68 compellingly beautiful photographs, Turner Browne documents a fast-disappearing way of life for the people who live on the lower White River and issues a plea to save the river from irreversible damage by the Army Corps of Engineers. By demonstrating that the endless dredging and flood control projects of the ever-active Corps are destroying the river's natural beauty and the livelihoods of those who make the river their only home - on houseboats and along its banks - he argues graphically and heroically for the preservation of a unique culture and of a great river. The black-and-white photographs, taken between Batesville, Arkansas, and the confluence with the Mississippi River, tell a story of loss, nostalgia, and fortitude as they portray the river's remarkable character and the exceptional lifestyles of acorn gatherers, sturgeon fishers, mussel divers, and others who extract a meager but satisfying existence from the river's resources. The damage the Corps of Engineers has wrought, including cleared forests, piles of debris, and "containment structures," certainly tolls a death knell for much of this natural waterway. The Last River is a journey, a journey probably never to be taken again.

This book is geared for advanced level research in the general subject area of remote sensing and modeling as they apply to the coastal marine environment. The various chapters focus on the latest scientific and technical advances in the service of better understanding coastal marine environments for their care, conservation and management. Chapters specifically deal with advances in remote sensing coastal classifications, environmental monitoring, digital ocean technological advances, geophysical methods, geoacoustics, X-band radar, risk assessment models, GIS applications, real-time modeling systems, and spatial modeling. Readers will find this book useful because it summarizes applications of new research methods in one of the world's most dynamic and complicated environments. Chapters in this book will be of interest to specialists in the coastal marine environment who deals with aspects of environmental monitoring and assessment via remote sensing techniques and numerical modeling.

-- 1989 Chicago Book Clinic Design Award

Originally part of the Rivers of America Series, The Ohio traces the river from its headwaters in Pittsburgh to the point it empties into the Mississippi, nearly a thousand miles and five states later.

Banta gives us a rare portrait of the frontier era of this region, from back-woods entertainment to learning and the arts. From early exploration to land disputes, clashes with Native American inhabitants to the birth of steamboat travel, the Ohio River comes alive through the retelling of the incidents and anecdotes that shaped its history.

This volume examines the integration of water resource management for sustainable utilization with the optimum allocation of water use for regional economic development. It also contributes to the research on water resource management under climate changes and environmental adaptation. It will be a handbook for all researchers studying on integrated river basin management. Our book covers detailed research methods, issues, and frontier research questions and our answers for all people who are interested in this research direction. Particularly, socio-economic transaction of water use management is highly relevant to people's daily life and their quality of life with environmental challenges. Academic contribution of this book will be technically explanation of terms, relationships, linkages, and consequence of environmental degradation from the tangent of integrated water management. Hence, it will offer many chances to the scientists, economists, sociologists, and other scholars from different subjects. Theories and methods to be addressed in this book are supposed to distinguish research mechanisms within various complex systems. Some research findings based on the extended input-output table nested by accounting of water and land will be introduced to show economic interdependence in a regional economic system, and its consequence under different designed scenarios will be discussed for broaden readers' visions of the research in this field.An overview analysis on existing challenges and opportunities in some certain resource-limited areas has considerable potentials of improvement on integrated water management for regional green development. Our book will discuss many natural resource but focus on two natural resources including the water and land resources issues for studying a conceptual framework of integrated water management.

In the 21st century, declining precious natural resources will continue to be political and cultural hot points, and no element is more important to life on our planet than water. This new full-color set encompasses topics in three broad subject areas: policy and management; oceans; and fresh water. With approximately 425 color illustrations, this exciting new resource covers all important water science concepts and current issues and highlights major historical developments and key figures.

It is now widely accepted that increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere are causing higher global temperatures. This volume provides a comprehensive review of the effects of climate variability on hydrological and human systems in the Holocene (the last 10,000 years). The book concentrates on the regions bordering the Mediterranean Sea, western and central Europe, China, Japan, West and South Africa and southwestern U.S.A. It is intended for researchers and professionals in hydrology, climatology, geology and historical geography.