Sustainability issues have gained more importance in contemporary globalization, pushing decision makers to find a systematic mathematical approach to conduct analyses of this real-world problem. The growing complexity in modern social-economics or engineering environments or systems has forced researchers to solve complicated problems by using multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches. However, traditional MCDM research mainly focuses on reaching the highest economic value or efficiency, and issues related to sustainability are still not closely explored. Advanced Multi-Criteria Decision Making for Addressing Complex Sustainability Issues discusses and addresses the challenges in the implementation of decision-making models in the context of green and sustainable engineering, criteria identification, quantification, comparison, selection, and analysis in the context of manufacturing, supply chain, transportation, and energy sectors. All academic communities in the areas of management, economics, business sciences, mechanical, and manufacturing technologies are able to use, apply, and implement the models presented in this book. It is intended for researchers, manufacturers, engineers, managers, industry professionals, academicians, and students.

Dr. Reddy points out that the key to economic success, particularly for the less developed countries of the world, is technology--but only when properly applied. Despite years of help through technology transfer, however, many LDCs are still improverished. This leads him to conclude that either the wrong technologies were transferred or the right ones were not transfered. His book thus focuses on ways in which LDCs can improve their economic growth through technology transfer, arguing that it is the assimilation of technology into their socioeconomic and cultural structures that is critical to their economic development, not the indiscriminate borrowing from advanced nations. In doing so, Dr. Reddy presents a behavioral model which proves that technology absorption is just as--if not more--important than a simple transfer process. A challenging, research-based discussion for academics in economics, business, sociology, marketing, and management, and for business and government policymakers worldwide.

Dr. Reddy introduces the concepts related to technology transfer and discusses the major participants in the worldwide transfer enterprise. He presents barriers and ways to overcome them in technology transferral, explores the ethical dimensions, and then lays out his technology transfer assimilation model. He applies the model to a specific and representative developing country, India, and ends with a discussion of conclusions that can be drawn from it. His three appendixes elaborate on the need for, and methods to, transfer technology to LDCs, provide ways to analyze the costs, and present a model of reciprocal distribution that may benefit both the donor and the recipient country in the transfer process.

This volume describes American and European reactions to the Japanese supremacy in core technologies, focussing on the emerging idea of economic national security and an active role of the state in mediating enabling technologies. The "Strategic Defense Initiative" (SDI), the U.S. semiconductor program SEMATECH, and the European R & D initiative EUREKA serve as case studies on how states try to promote knowledge-based technologies in strategically relevant areas. A theoretical chapter analyzes changes in stateness and an emerging new type of political economy within the context of globally-oriented international competition.

This non-technical, comprehensive introduction to innovation and technology transfer shows how todays businesses need to innovate to be successful. Using a wide range of practical and international examples, the authors describe and evaluate the whole innovation process as it would affect a company or organization implementing a new product or service, from the initial identification of needs and opportunities, through the location and assessment of the technologies available, to the business and management aspects such as finance, marketing and intellectual property. This work is intended for owners and managers in engineering companies, training and technical staff in manufacturing companies and research organizations, R&D engineers, industrial liaison staff in universities and colleges, and students.

"Green Revolution" technologies have transformed the countryside of many less developed countries. This book examines the processes involved in the adoption of these new technologies and their socio-economic impacts. It provides an integrated view of the effects of "Green Revolution" technologies on economic growth and returns, distribution of income and resources, stability of agricultural production and returns and their sustainability in Bangladesh. Bangladeshi experiences are compared with those elsewhere, especially in India. Sources of increased agricultural growth in Bangladesh are identified, patterns and determinants of adoption of high yielding varieties of cereals at both the farm and regional level are identified and the consequences of the new agricultural technology for diets and for the welfare of Bangladeshi consumers are discussed. Implications for rural poverty, income and resource distribution and security of income of the "Green Revolution" in Bangladesh are given attention as is the impact of the "Green Revolution" on fluctuations in cereal yields. Long term sustainability problems are raised - high yielding varieties of crops are driving out traditional variet

A celebrated international bestseller that exposes the ticking time-bomb underneath our new technological order. The resources race is on. Powering our digital lives and green technologies are some of the Earth's most precious metals - but they are running out. And what will happen when they do? The green-tech revolution will reduce our reliance on nuclear power, coal, and oil, but by breaking free of fossil fuels, we are setting ourselves up for a new dependence - on rare metals like cobalt, gold, and palladium. These are essential to electric vehicles, wind turbines, and solar panels, as well as our smartphones, computers, tablets, and other technologies. But we know very little about how rare metals are mined and traded, or their environmental, economic, and geopolitical costs - until now.

This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the 7th Nirma University International Conference on Engineering 'NUiCONE 2019'. This conference followed the successful organization of four national conferences and six international conferences in previous years. The main theme of the conference was "Technologies for Sustainable Development", which is in line with the "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL" established by the United Nations. The conference was organized with many inter-disciplinary technical themes encompassing a broad range of disciplines and enabling researchers, academicians and practitioners to choose between ideas and themes. Besides, NUiCONE-2019 has also presented an exciting new set of events to engage practicing engineers, technologists and technopreneurs from industry through special knowledge sharing sessions involving applied technical papers based on case-study applications, white-papers, panel discussions, innovations and technology products. This proceedings will definitely provide a platform to proliferate new findings among researchers. Advances in Transportation Engineering Emerging Trends in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Construction Technology and Management Concrete and Structural Engineering Futuristic Power System Control of Power Electronics Converters, Drives and E-mobility Advanced Electrical Machines and Smart Apparatus Chemical Process Development and Design Technologies and Green Environment Sustainable Manufacturing Processes Design and Analysis of Machine and Mechanism Energy Conservation and Management Advances in Networking Technologies Machine Intelligence / Computational Intelligence Autonomic Computing Control and Automation Electronic Communications Electronics Circuits and System Design Signal Processing

Will we ever be able to see the brain at work? Could it be possible to observe thinking and feeling as if watching a live broadcast from within the human head? Brainmedia uncovers past and present examples of scientists and science educators who conceptualize and demonstrate the active human brain guided by new media technologies: from exhibitions of giant illuminated brain models and staged projections of brainwave recordings to live televised brain broadcasts, brains hooked up to computers and experiments with "brain-to-brain" synchronization. Drawing on archival material, Brainmedia outlines a new history of "live brains," arguing that practices of-and ideas about-mediation impacted the imagination of seeing the brain at work. By combining accounts of scientists examining brains in laboratories with examples of public demonstrations and exhibitions of brain research, Brainmedia casts new light on popularization practices, placing them at the heart of scientific work.

Micro-hydro is a useful way of providing power to houses, workshops or villages that need an independent supply. For many remote areas beyond the reach of a national grid, micro-hydro is the only economic option. Where flow is limited, but high heads are available, the Pelton wheel is one of the most useful turbines. The Micro-hydro Pelton Turbine Manual is written to enable the reader to design and manufacture Pelton turbines with capacities from a few hundred Watts to around 100kw, though much of the information is relevant for larger units too. Aimed at readers with a general engineering workshop background, the emphasis is on simple technology, so that the turbines can be made in small workshops with basic engineering facilities. More advanced processes are discussed for those with access to better manufacturing facilities. As well as detailing all the important aspects of design, the book covers basic theory, turbine selection, manufacture, installation, testing and problem-solving. The manual is well illustrated and contains a comprehensive appendices, containing manufacturing reference information and the derivation of equations used. Jeremy Thake, a mechanical design engineer, has worked for the appropriate technology organization, DCS, in Nepal for six years in micro-hydro systems. He currently works for the renewable energy consultancy, IT Power.

This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the 7th Nirma University International Conference on Engineering 'NUiCONE 2019'. This conference followed the successful organization of four national conferences and six international conferences in previous years. The main theme of the conference was "Technologies for Sustainable Development", which is in line with the "SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL" established by the United Nations. The conference was organized with many inter-disciplinary technical themes encompassing a broad range of disciplines and enabling researchers, academicians and practitioners to choose between ideas and themes. Besides, NUiCONE-2019 has also presented an exciting new set of events to engage practicing engineers, technologists and technopreneurs from industry through special knowledge sharing sessions involving applied technical papers based on case-study applications, white-papers, panel discussions, innovations and technology products. This proceedings will definitely provide a platform to proliferate new findings among researchers. Advances in Transportation Engineering Emerging Trends in Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Construction Technology and Management Concrete and Structural Engineering Futuristic Power System Control of Power Electronics Converters, Drives and E-mobility Advanced Electrical Machines and Smart Apparatus Chemical Process Development and Design Technologies and Green Environment Sustainable Manufacturing Processes Design and Analysis of Machine and Mechanism Energy Conservation and Management Advances in Networking Technologies Machine Intelligence / Computational Intelligence Autonomic Computing Control and Automation Electronic Communications Electronics Circuits and System Design Signal Processing

Aesthetics, Digital Studies and Bernard Stiegler frames the intertwined relationship between artistic endeavours and scientific fields and their sociopolitical implications. Each chapter is either an explication of, or a critique of, some aspect of Bernard Stiegler's technological philosophy; as it is his technological-political-aesthetical-ethical theorisations which form the philosophical foundation of the volume. Emerging scholars bring critical new reflections to the subject area, while more established academics, researchers and practitioners outline the mutating nature of aesthetics within historical and theoretical frameworks. Not only is interdisciplinarity a prevailing topic at work within this collection, but so too is there a delineation of the mutating, hybrid role inhabited by the arts practitioner - at once engineer, scientist and artist - in the changing landscape of digital cultural production.

In a world of growing complexity and dwindling resources, the relationship between technology and sustainability is a pressing issue of concern at the highest levels. This book improves our understanding by examining the ways that people, technology and governance shape each other with implications for sustainability. It is the first book to link technology studies and governance research to this problem. Contributions from leading environmental social scientists are included, with each chapter reporting on new research and tackling complex, but vital issues. Drawing on examples such as wave and tidal power, wind power, micro-generation, community waste recycling and eco-housing, the book provides powerful new insights into the governance of technology for sustainability. A detailed introduction and conclusion discuss existing research directions and identify the contribution that the book makes in advancing our understanding of the people-technology-governance nexus and its implications for sustainability. This is essential reading for all those in academia, government and industry working at the critical interface between how we develop, deploy and govern technology in the pursuit of sustainability.

This manual describes how to build a machine for rolling sheet metal into curves and cylinders and gives full dimensions and assembly instructions.

Millions of slum residents across the world suffer the hazards and misery of frequent flooding of their streets and homes, which may result in the savings of a lifetime being washed away in a few hours, damaged property, loss of work and time, and higher risks of diarrhea, worm infection, and other health problems. This manual is written to help engineers, aid, and agency workers more clearly to understand drainage problems in the developing world, so that they can work towards finding practical solutions. It focuses on three questions of particular relevance to low-income urban areas in developing countries: What is drainage performance? How can we evaluate a drainage system to improve its performance? What are the effects of solids on the performance of drains? This manual is the outcome of two-and-a-half years of fieldwork in the city of Indore, in Madhya Pradesh, India and can be used as a practical aid by municipal engineers, consulting engineers, and engineering instructors and students, as well as development and aid workers involved in drainage systems.

Modern Irrigation Technologies reviews the experience of small holders with irrigation technologies under a range of diverse conditions in many different countries. Some people argue that modern irrigation technologies are the key to increased food production. However, projects introducing modern irrigation technologies in the developing world have often failed because the irrigation hardware, which has been developed for high-technology commercial agriculture, cannot be easily adapted for the use of the smallholder. The author identifies the pre-conditions relating to water availability, institutional support and economic opportunity that must be satisfied before small holders in developing countries can adopt irrigation methods and benefit from them. The circumstances in which modern technologies have been introduced are identified, and the relative success or otherwise of the initiatives are summarized. The book also contains a practical review of the range of irrigation hardware that is available and indicates the types of equipment that are more likely to meet the requirements of the smallholder sector. Modern Irrigation Technologies will be an invaluable guide to project workers, planners and small holders involved in planning and designing irrigation projects.

Every ten seconds a child dies from diarrhoea. This makes 3 million children every year, or over 8000 children per day. These figures are only counting the deaths. How many children are disabled for life by parasitic infections and frequent diarrhoea in their early years? How many women live with permanent anaemia because of hookworm infections?;This book provides a practical solution to the lack of basic facilities and sanitation that so many people face in the world today, by giving advice and information on how to set up and implement a latrine building programme, and providing guidelines on how to build latrines that are easily maintained, affordable and appropriate to the needs of the communities who will be using them.;The book gives a basic introduction to appropriate latrine building, and covers the design and construction of different types of latrines, discussing some of the common problems that can occur in the building stage. It covers all aspects of the implementation of a latrine building programme, including the promoting of hygiene and the education aspects of such a programme, and how to go about planning, monitoring and evaluating such a programme. The latrine designs described here can be built using local materials, and involve peoples traditional skills and innovations.

In recent years, credit has become the predominant form of support to small producers, while other forms of business development services have diminished. Looking Beyond Credit assesses the need for targeted business development services other than finance, their growing importance among small producers and how they can work in tandem with credit schemes.The book shows that small producers generally face a range of constraintsother than finance such as access to improved technology, raw materials, skills training and information on market opportunities. Therefore, schemes that address these constraints are achieving a larger impact than those which focus on credit alone. The case studies examined here record significant achievements in terms of employment generation, increased incomes and product innovation and diversification, thus supporting the view that targeted business development services can play a bigger role and should be incorporated with credit schemes to provide total support to small producers.Looking Beyond Credit will be essential reading for anyone involved in the supply or demand of business development services.

Vegetable oil is the richest source of food energy, providing twice as much energy as the same quantity of carbohydrate or protein. In areas where peanuts (groundnuts) or other soft oil-seeds are cultivated, manual oil extraction using a screw press can be a viable enterprise for small businesses.;The processes described in "The Manual Screw Press for Small-Scale Oil Extraction" are suitable for operation on a small-scale, which means they can be used by rural people to control the processing and marketing of cooking oil. This manual also explores how a small-scale oil processing production unit or enterprise can make the most of links with other businesses involved in utilizing the oilcake - such as making sweets or animal feeds, in order to create further business opportunities.;This manual explains the essential steps to be undertaken before pressing the oil-seeds for maximum yields; such as crushing, adding water and heating, and how many hectares of groundnut will be needed to supply the oil press.;The manual also details the planning necessary when considering setting up a small-scale oil processing enterprise. Advice is given on exploring the local market in order to establish what the demand for a particular product will be, how to draw up a business plan and obtain the necessary finance, how to organize production and market the oil and by-products.

This text is an exploration of the power dimensions of participatory development and research, and an attempt to look at the shifts in power within communities and institutions which are needed for participatory ideas to be effective. The aim of the book is to connect theory and practice. It looks at the theoretical basis to participatory development work, drawing on related debates in anthropology, development studies and feminism. Case studies of participatory research techniques are drawn from sites as far apart as development theatre in Mali and video-making with homeless people in the UK. Further chapters examine the relative power of the researcher or development agent vis-a-vis the community.;After reviewing participatory research and development within communities, the book extends the debate by questioning the shifts in power needed if institutions are to operate in a participatory manner.;This text is intended to be of use to academics, students, and all involved with courses in development studies, anthropology and sociology. In addition it should prove useful to agencies and practitioners involved in participatory-style development or research initiatives world-wide.

Women's indigenous technical knowledge and innovative solutions to problems are in evidence across the whole range of food cycle activities. Unlike other books in this series which focus on specific food-related technical areas, this book highlights the broad scope of expertise that exists in rural areas.;Section 1 gives a brief account of women's indigenous technical knowledge and its extent. Section 2 explores women's role in the innovation process and how technical assistance has conventionally ignored this. The points made in these first two sections are illustrated and supported by the case studies in Section 3, and the lessons which can be learned from the case studies are presented in Section 4. Section 5 draws on these lessons to offer guidelines for development practitioners working with women.

The preservation of food and crops by drying can help to increase food security or it can provide a source of additional income for producers and women's groups. This book is an introduction to the principles of drying and an indication of the range of technologies available, along with case studies examining the use of improved drier designs.

This volume is part of a series which offers practical advice for trainees studying rural building courses. The main aim of the course is to provide much-needed trade information in simple language, with numerous, clear illustrations. It draws on the expertise of fieldworkers who have devised simple building methods appropriate to a rural community and is the product of years of experimentation with different methods.

The treadle irrigation pump is able to lift up to 7000 litres of water per hour using the power of the human body, and can be locally made at low cost in small-scale metalworking shops. Its acceptance in Bangladesh, where it was first developed in 1984, is extraordinary, with over 500,000 pumps estimated now to be in use.;The current design offered in this manual has evolved from the Bangladesh original into a fully portable pump with both lift and pressure capacity and is especially appropriate to situations where soils are permeable, and water cannot easily be distributed through channels. The manual is intended to be read primarily by organizations engaged in economic development activities which have a particular expertise in technology transfer; it is not intended just as a step-by-step guide for the manufacturer (although it can be used in this way).

This volume is part of a series which offers practical advice for trainees studying rural building courses. The main aim of the course is to provide much-needed trade information in simple language, with numerous, clear illustrations. It draws on the expertise of fieldworkers who have devised simple building methods appropriate to a rural community and is the product of years of experimentation with different methods.

This volume is part of a series which offers practical advice for trainees studying rural building courses. The main aim of the course is to provide trade information in simple language, with numerous, clear illustrations. It draws on the expertise of fieldworkers who have devised simple building methods appropriate to a rural community and is the product of years of experimentation with different methods.