We are in the middle of a fundamental transformation of the global order which is challenging the supremacy of the USA, and to a certain extent of Europe, in economic and also in normative terms. The financial crisis has further accentuated this shift in the post-Cold War architecture, with emerging economies becoming an engine of globalisation. The chapters in this volume shed light on the role of higher education and its internationalisation in this context, focusing on the different regions of the world. The new role of international organisations like UNESCO is also examined. The empirical findings of these studies are part of a new research agenda in higher education studies, one that goes beyond a ?higher educationism? limiting itself to a simple description of institutional changes in this sphere in the light of internationalisation. The different case studies advance an interdisciplinary perspective, drawing on accounts from critical and postcolonial theory, international relations and international political economy. This perspective sheds light on the strategic selectivity of the transformation and the struggles related to this major transformation of higher education and its contribution to a new global architecture.

This book was originally published as a special issue of Globalisation, Societies and Education.

As the UN celebrates its 50th anniversary, it has become embroiled in controversy sparked by its recent extensive involvement in operations which go beyond traditional peacekeeping. This book brings together leading scholars and practitioners who explicate the issues at the heart of the controversy and recommends changes for the organization and its member states. In dedicated analyses as well as case studies, the authors focus on issues of sovereignty and intervention, national commitments to non-traditional missions, and operational efficiency and effectiveness when undertaking such missions.

LGBT rights have become increasingly salient within the EU enlargement process as a litmus test for Europeanness. Yet, the promotion of these norms has provided a fulcrum for political contestation. Based on this observation, this book interrogates the normative dimensions of the EU enlargement process, with special reference to LGBT politics. Reconceptualising Europeanisation, Coming in argues that the EU enlargement is a process of negotiated transformation in which EU policies and norms are (re)defined, translated, and transformed. Empirically, it analyses the promotion of and resistance to LGBT equality norms in Serbia's EU integration process, but moves beyond policies to also inquire the impact of the negotiated transitions on lived experiences. Overall, the book raises important questions about the politics of Europeanisation, its political and social consequences, as well as to what we consider as progress. -- .

In today's Europe, some of the world's oldest and traditionally most sovereignty-loving nations have surrendered essential parts of their power to a supranational institution. This book focuses on the way in which the European Union has transformed from a traditional international regime, based on classical international law, to a semi-federal polity where Community law and regulations trump national law and constitutions.

Peacekeeping is a security concept that is very representative of the current interventionism, multilateralism, human rights, and humanitarian ideas. UN peacekeeping plays an important role in international security and includes various activities that go beyond the original roles assigned to UN armed forces (e.g. humanitarian aid, election supervision, disarmament, mine clearance, civilian protection, and peacebuilding). The problem is to define the economic efficiency of these operations and to develop some recommendations in the context of an economic globalization process. Although UN peacekeeping has shortcomings, it must be considered essential for organizing and defending the world politico-economic order. UN peacekeeping is a political activity, but its production strongly depends on nations' economic considerations. Governments make political decisions that also take into account the economic gains they expect to obtain from their contribution to any specific mission. With low means and inadequate strategies to meet the challenges, UN peacekeeping must pay particular attention to resolving the problems of free riding and of prisoner's dilemma in contributions that delay deployments and create significant financial problems. Understanding how peacekeeping can be most cost-effectively carried out, while considering the importance of legitimacy in interventions, is essential. This book believes that regional organizations can ease the UN's financial responsibility by managing conflicts in their regions. But, to be most effective, they must involve the UN in their interventions. This book also emphasizes UN peacekeeping trust funds as the key to better financial effectiveness. It strongly recommends that NATO be empowered by the UN with the role of global peace police, and proposes the establishment of a UN high-ranking team of international specialists in peacekeeping issues. This research should be of interest to students and researchers looking at international and political economics, as well as international relations, defence, security and peace studies.

The Non-Aligned Movement had an important impact on the history of decolonization, South-South cooperation, the Global Cold War and the North-South conflict. During the 20th century nearly all Asian, African and Latin American countries joined the movement to make their voice heard in global politics. In The Non-Aligned Movement, Jurgen Dinkel examines for the first time the history of the NAM since the interwar period as a special reaction of the "Global South" to changing global orders. The study shows breaks and caesurae as well as continuities in the history of globalization and analyses the history of international relations from a non-western perspective. For this book, empirical research was undertaken in Germany, Great Britain, Indonesia, Russia, Serbia, and the United States.

This gives accounts of such matters as preparation of the agenda, procedure governing debates, voting, election and appointments, and problems relating to budget and financial administration.

For over forty years the European Community has been taking shape and developing its foundations to become the European Union. This book is a collection of pragmatic ideas and experience about the Europe of the future as seen by a citizen who is heavily involved in its construction. In this book, Mr Baron raises critical questions about the future needs and challenges of the Union, including a single currency, common citizenship, a foreign and security policy, enlargement to the east and the great issue of employment and welfare.

The start of the European monetary union gave additional impetus to the lively debate on the effects of monetary policy and the appropriate strategy for central banks. This book collects papers and comments by leading academics and central bankers such as Otmar. Issing, Melvin. King, Bennett T.. McCallum, Allan H.. Meltzer, Lars E.O. Svensson, and Hans Tietmeyer. The volume examines methodological questions, the actual role played by the financial sectors, and labor markets in implementing monetary policy in Europe, and the likely future developments in these areas.

The Kosovo war has concentrated new attention on the transatlantic relationship and its principal institution, NATO. Europeans argue over the future of their Union, suggesting a struggle over control of Europe's future. The threat of a transatlantic trade war shows the struggle overflowing to affect the Atlantic relationship that has secured Europe's peace for fifty years. Distinguished experts consider the arguments over NATO and the EU in order to assess the state of the vital Atlantic relationship and its future.

This cutting edge handbook presents the main theoretical and empirical issues involved in current Europeanization research. As a critical review of the state of the art it evaluates the achievements and shortcomings of the growing Europeanization literature. As a reference book at advanced level it also sets the parameters for Europeanization research in the coming years. All 25 chapters are written by the foremost authoritative scholars in the field.

This major study examines the successes and failures of the full transitional justice programme in Sierra Leone. It sets out the implications of the Sierra Leonean experience for other post-conflict situations and for the broader project of evaluating transitional justice.

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is attracting significant attention from governments and scholars. This study examines the evolution of the SCO as a regional security provider and a framework for cooperation, drawing on fieldwork interviews with officials and experts from its member-states.

The conflict in South Ossetia in the summer of 2008 and the Ukrainian energy crisis in early 2009 served to highlight the tensions that continue to influence EU-Russia relations in regard to the region comprising the former republics of the Soviet Union or the a ~shared neighbourhooda (TM).

This book draws together research which examines the objectives of EU and Russian foreign policy and the complexities of the security challenges in this region. Although both actors have a shared interest in cooperating to create conditions of peace and stability, we have in recent years observed the development of growing competition between the EU and Russian foreign policy agendas.

This book was based on a special issue of Europe-Asia Studies.

The increase in China's economic and political involvement in Africa is arguably the most momentous development on the continent since the end of the Cold War. This book seeks to detail the origins, structure, workings and activities of The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) and its development over the last nine years. Mindful of the growing realisation that Africa is to play an increasingly important role in global energy politics, Ian Taylor provides a clear and detailed overview of an organisation that has been generally overlooked, despite the exponential rise in the importance of the Chinese presence in Africa. Topics addressed include: * The key structures, functions and operations of the FOCAC * The importance and development of the triennial summits, including the focus on cultural exchanges and economic cooperation * The key criticisms and challenges currently faced by the FOCAC * Discussion of emerging issues' -- is it possible to have a "win-win" situation between Africa and China, as the FOCAC suggests? The Forum on China-Africa Cooperation provides a concise introduction to an organisation that will be instrumental in the future of Africa's relationship with the developed world, and will be of interest to students of African and Chinese politics, International Relations and International Organizations.

The role of the European Union in global politics has been of growing interest over the past decade. The EU is a key player in global institutions such as the World Trade Organization (WTO) and NATO. It continues to construct an emerging identity and project its values and interests throughout contemporary international relations. The capacity of the EU to both formulate and realise its goals, however, remains contested. Some scholars claim the EU's soft power? attitude rivals that of the USA's hard power? approach to international relations. Others view the EU as insufficiently able to produce a co-ordinated position to project upon global politics. Regardless of the position taken within this debate, the EU's relationship with its external partners has an increasingly important impact upon economic, political and security concerns on an international level. Trade negotiations, military interventions, democracy promotion, international development and responses to the global economic crisis have all witnessed the EU playing a central role. This has seen the EU become both a major force in contemporary institutions of global governance and a template for supranational governance that might influence other attempts to construct regional and global institutions.

This volume brings together a collection of leading EU scholars to provide a state-of-the-art overview covering these and other debates relating to the EU's role in contemporary global governance. The Handbook is divided into four main sections:

Part I: European studies and global governance ? provides an overview and critical assessment of the leading theoretical approaches through which the EU's role in global governance has been addressed within the literature.

Part II: Institutions ? examines the role played by the key EU institutions in pursuing a role for the EU in contemporary international relations.

Part III: Policy and issue areas ? explores developments within particular policy sectors, assessing the different impact that the EU has had in different issue areas, including foreign and security policy, environmental policy, common commercial policy, the Common Agricultural Policy, development policy, accession policy, the Neighbourhood Policy and conflict transformation.

Part IV: The global multilevel governance complex and the EU ? focuses on the relationship between the EU and the institutions, regions and countries with which it forms a global multilevel governance complex, including chapters on the EU's relationship with the WTO, United Nations, East Asia, Africa and the USA.

The editors are Jens-Uwe Wunderlich (Aston University) and David J. Bailey (University of Birmingham). Jens-Uwe Wunderlich's research and teaching focuses on international relations theory, European integration and globalization and on comparative regionalism; he has recently published Regionalism, Globalisation and International Order?Europe and Southeast Asia (Ashgate) and A Dictionary of Globalization (Routledge, 2007). David Bailey has published on trends in European governance in the Journal of European Public Policy, Comparative European Politics, and Journal of European Social Policy.

This book consists of interrelated essays by many past and present members of the EUI Law Department. The contributors are all well-known specialists in their fields, whose essays address such issues as the effects of integration upon certain national laws, the elaboration of EU law to provide a new framework for or replacement for national laws, the piece-meal development of specific legal strands of EU law and their intertwining with national or international laws, and the indirect and sometimes unintended consequences of European integration with regard to national, EU, or international law.

The book marks and illustrates the significant contribution of the European University. Institute Law Department to contemporary legal scholarship. It is intended to indicate the kind of legal research which has been done and which is being done today at the EUI. It also aims to make more widely known the themes, approaches, and methods pioneered in the EUI Law Department, including its European and international focus, its comparative approach, and its generally contextual method.

Out of the social and economic turmoil of Europe in the 1930s, the Popular Front emerged as the spearhead of the left's bid to stop fascism in its tracks. Fifty years on from the birth of the Popular Front this edited collection assesses the impact of the idea of bourgeois-proletarian alliance on the European left as a whole. It also examines the fate of the Popular Front governments, both in France, which remained nominally 'at peace', and in Spain, where the bitter strife over social and economic reform erupted into open civil war.

This book offers a highly personal, detailed, and richly anecdotal history of the organization known worldwide as CARE. The author, who is a founding member of CARE and was active in its development, also served as the organization's President and Treasurer. Now President Emeritus, he is in a unique position to provide an intimate look at the events that transformed CARE from a food package service to Europe following World War II into an international series of organizations interested in relief, school lunch programs and nutritional education, refugee assistance, and development assistance around the world. Throughout, the author emphasizes the pivotal role that private voluntary organizations like CARE can play in international relief and their impact on the process of economic growth and development so critical to world peace and stability.

Campbell tells us how, when, and why CARE was formed in the United States in the aftermath of the devastation left by World War II; what the problems were; how people responded to the effort; how the cooperative organization and its problems grew and changed from a limited system of food package deliveries to broader efforts in the fields of food aid, disaster and emergency relief, and promoting development; and how people in some countries formerly aided by CARE became part of today's 11 nation network of national CARE organizations dedicated to helping meet the needs of the developing world. Because this is a personal account, Campbell focuses on the men and women who founded and continue to sustain CARE--people who believe it is not enough simply to support the concept of help for those in need, but who reinforce that concept with a personal commitment to action. Writing partly from his own records, partly from materials compiled for CARE archives by employees and officials, and partly from personal recollections, Campbell has provided a unique memoir of a unique organization--one that will be welcomed enthusiastically by CARE employees and contributors, development policy planners, and anyone who has been involved in the activities of the organization during its 45-year history.

This book critically evaluates more than 10 years of Russian membership in the Council of Europe. Starting from the second term of Putins presidency, one can observe a Russian strategy to undermine the normative power of the Council of Europe. As a result the desirability of Russian membership in the Council of Europe is questioned more than ever.

In response to the increased interest in peacekeeping and the 40th anniversary of the first UN peacekeeping operation, the Norwegian Institute of International Affairs (NUPI) and the International Peace Academy (IPA) agreed to co-sponsor a workshop entitled, "The UN and Peacekeeping: Results, Limitations and Prospects: the Lessons of 40 Years of Experience" in Oslo, Norway on 12-14 Dec 1988.;The idea behind the workshop was to bring together a select group of peacekeeping practitioners, diplomats, and academicians with particular interest in this area in order to evaluate the historical experiences of peacekeeping and to critically analyse its present potentials and problems.;The editors brought together a group of professionals, with first-hand experience in areas of peacekeeping. The Chairman was Sir Brian Urquhart, the former Under-Secretary-General for Special Political Affairs, who has been associated with peacekeeping from its inception. The list of other participants is included in this publication.;This publication includes the papers presented at the Oslo workshop and the reflections of the Chairman. The workshop participants agreed on the agenda for further research, whic

The European Union faces a crossroads in the twenty-first century. While there is evidence of declining enthusiasm for European integration, the EU plays an increasingly vital role in tackling problems that can no longer be dealt with at member state level. In recent years, the EU has developed a stronger foreign, security and defence policy, and has had to face up to the challenges of tackling organised crime, human trafficking and drug smuggling. In this fully updated new edition, Alasdair Blair examines the economic, political, social and personal factors that have shaped the process of European integration from the end of the Second World War until the Lisbon Treaty in 2009. Written in a clear and jargon-free style, the book explores: The context of European integration and expansion The relations between the European Union and its member states The institutional evolution of the European Union Methods of decision-making Key policies of the European Union The future direction of the European Union Comprehensive and accessible, this book is an essential guide to understanding the relevance of the European Union in the twenty-first century.

Since its first enlargement in 1973, expansion has become a way of life for the EU. The current round of enlargement is, however, unprecedented in its scale, in the diversity of applicants, and in the impact on EU structures and policies. This major new text brings together specially commissioned chapters to provide a coherent and comprehensive assessment of the historical and theoretical context of enlargement and its implications for the identity, governance, economics, policies and international role of the EU.GERHARD MICHAEL AMBROSI Jean Monnet Professor of Economics, University of Trier, Germany CLIVE ARCHER Research Professor in Politics, Manchester Metropolitan University, United Kingdom NICKOS BALTAS Professor of Economics and Jean Monnet Professor of European Economics, Athens University of Economics and Business, and President of the Hellenic University Association for European Studies, Greece MICHAEL BAUN Professor of International Relations, Valdosta State University, USA LAURI BUONANNO Associate Professor of Political Science, State University of New York, College of Fredonia, USA MAURIZIO CARBONE PhD candidate, University of Pittsburgh, USA and intra muros consultant, European Commission, DG Development MICHELE CHANG Assistant Professor in Political Science, Colgate University, USA ANN DEAKIN Associate Professor in Geosciences, State University of New York, College at Fredonia, USA HEATHER GRABBE Deputy Director, Centre for European Reform, London, and Non-Stipendary Junior Research Fellow, Wolfson College, Oxford University, United Kingdom ADRIAN VAN DEN HOVEN Adviser, Union of Industrial and Employers' Confederations of Europe (UNICE), Brussels, Belgium JANET MATHER Senior Lecturer in Politics, Manchester Metropolitan University, United Kingdom LEE MILES Senior Lecturer in Politics, Research Director and Deputy Head, Department of Politics and International Studies, University of Hull, United Kingdom JOHN OCCHIPINTI Associate Professor of Political Science, Canisius College in Buffalo, USA DAVID PHINNEMORE Senior Lecturer in European Integration, School of Politics and International Studies, Queen's University of Belfast, United Kingdom ELEANOR E.ZEFF Assistant Professor of Politics and International Relations, Drake

With a Foreword by Catherine Ashton, High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy/Vice-President of the European Commission Like conflict prevention and crisis management, 'peacebuilding' forms an integral part of the European Union's external policy efforts to break the cycle of conflict, insecurity and poverty. A concept developed in the context of the United Nations, the EU's Lisbon Treaty mentions 'post-conflict stabilisation' among the tasks which the EU is set to perform in the implementation of the Common Security and Defence Policy. The Union's advance in this field has been universally welcomed by peacebuilding actors, especially since the EU's ongoing contributions in financial, technical and logistical terms in post-conflict areas have been couched in an increasing number of European Security and Defence Policy missions. The proliferation of the EU's institutional and operational mechanisms to build peace in post-conflict environments has led to a whole series of new policy and legal questions, which are addressed by leading practitioners and academics in this unique compilation. Specific to this book: * Contributions take into account the final text of the Lisbon Treaty and the lessons learned from more than twenty military and civilian operations * Addresses policy and legal potential and limits, and outlines the parameters for future decision-making and capacity-building * Combines thematic contributions with concrete case studies, and offers insights into how the EU's peacebuilding tools are implemented in practice

The EU's self promotion as a ?conflict manager? is embedded in a discourse about its ?shared values? and their foundation in a connection between security, development and democracy. This book provides a collection of essays based on the latest cutting edge research into the EU's active engagement in conflict management. It maps the evolution of EU policy and strategic thinking about its role, and the development of its institutional capacity to manage conflicts.

Case studies of EU conflict management within the Union, in its neighbourhood and further afield, explore the consistency, coherence, and politicization of EU strategy at the implementation stage. The essays examine the extent to which the EU can exert influence on conflict dynamics and outcomes. Such influence depends on a number of changing factors: how the EU conceptualizes conflict and policy solutions; the balance of interests within the EU on the issue (divided or concerted) and the degree of politicization in the EU's role; the scope for an external EU role; and the value attached by the conflict parties to EU engagement ? a value that is almost wholly bound to their interest in a membership perspective (or other strong relationship to the EU) rather than to ?shared values? as an end in themselves.

This book was based on a special issue of Ethnopolitics.