Why do judges study legal sources which originated outside their own national legal system, and how do they use arguments from these sources in deciding domestic cases? Based on interviews with judges, this book presents the inside story of how judges engage with international and comparative law in the highest courts of the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States, France and the Netherlands. A comparative analysis of the views and experiences of the judges clarifies how the decision-making of these Western courts has developed in light of the internationalisation of law and the increased opportunities for transnational judicial communication. While the qualitative analysis reveals the motives which judges claim for using foreign law and the influence of 'globalist' and 'localist' approaches to judging, the author also finds suggestions of a convergence of practices between the courts which are the subject of this study. This empirical analysis is complemented by a constitutional-theoretical inquiry into the procedural and substantive factors of legal evolution, which enable or constrain the development and possible convergence of highest courts' practices. The two strands of the analysis are connected in a final contextual reflection on the future development of the role of Western highest courts.

Foundations of Public Contracts undertakes an in-depth survey of the foundations of public contracts in three legal systems: American, French, and Brazilian. The comparison of these three systems highlights the legal phenomenon's historical, philosophical, and social origins. The book transcends the functional commonalities to penetrate into how American, French, and Brazilian lawyers think about the essence of government contracts law, the phenomenon of exceptionalism: preferential treatment that public procurement law provides to the state in its contractual dealing with private entities. Comparative public law professors and students will find great value in this exploration of the material sources of public contracts, an area that has heretofore received little attention in legal academia.

This incisive book examines the interaction between international climate law and international trade law for the promotion of renewable energy. Alessandro Monti utilizes the emerging principle of mutual supportiveness to inform and guide his analysis of the specific interactions between climate and trade law in the renewable energy sector. The book makes a meaningful contribution to the literature within public international law, engaging with scholarly discourse on the fragmentation of international law and providing an in-depth analysis of the theoretical context against which the principle of mutual supportiveness is emerging. Chapters examine the WTO jurisprudence on renewable energy subsidies, propose specific solutions to improve the alignment between climate and trade law, and build a case for the development of climate-friendly trade policies. Taking account of the multifaceted interactions between international climate and trade law, Monti highlights the implications of trade disputes on renewable energy and the promotion of climate objectives. Addressing the specialized legal regimes of both climate and trade law, Promoting Renewable Energy will prove a valuable resource to students and scholars of environmental, trade, and energy law. International policy officers, legal practitioners and NGOs working on climate, trade and energy policies will also benefit from its examination of relevant legal frameworks.

This thoroughly revised second edition provides an up-to-date account of essential EU climate mitigation law, analysing an area that remains one of the most dynamic fields of EU law. Special attention is paid to the energy sector and to the impact of climate law on broader legal issues, such as energy network regulation and human rights. Written by leading scholars of EU climate law from the University of Groningen, the book addresses the relevant directives and regulations, examining their implementation and impact on current policy and academic debate. Chapters guide the reader through key topics including the EU emissions trading system, renewable energy consumption, and carbon capture and storage. Key features of the second edition include: A clear and accessible introduction to EU climate mitigation law Comprehensive coverage of the climate targets and instruments of the EU Special focus on the relationship between climate law and energy law New classroom questions to stimulate further discussion and debate Educational design based on reviews by climate law students and lecturers. Combining educational design and analytical accuracy, this book will be an indispensable guide for both students and professionals. It is highly recommended for courses on EU climate mitigation law, as well as climate law, energy law, environmental law and EU law.

This thoroughly revised and expanded second edition of IT Contracts and Dispute Management provides an in-depth analysis of the legal issues that could potentially arise within each critical stage of a technology project. The authors draw on their extensive practical experience of advising and litigating in this evolving field, and have produced a work that is both authoritative and pragmatic. Key Features: Discussion of recent judicial decision of relational contracts, and the Supreme Court’s judgment on ‘no oral modification’ clauses and their applicability to change control procedures Updated information to account for the new High Court rules on disclosure Guidance on how to manage frequently occurring issues, such as delayed delivery Examination of important methods of project resuscitation when experiencing difficulty, as well as potential end of project issues This informative book will be a hugely valuable resource for lawyers in private practice who are advising clients striving to avoid or resolve disputes occurring from IT projects. It will also be beneficial for in-house legal counsel who advise clients at each stage of IT projects.

This second edition of Understanding the Employment Equity Act has been updated to include legislative amendments and developments in the case law since the publication of the popular first edition in 2009. Understanding the Employment Equity Act deals wi

Elgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences, business, and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars. Designed to be accessible yet rigorous, they offer concise and lucid surveys of the substantive and policy issues associated with discrete subject areas. This Advanced Introduction provides a succinct overview of the principles and rules that guide international food law. Neal D. Fortin explores how the globalisation of food supply chains has impacted international food law, making it a pressing concern for contemporary lawmakers. Exploring the maintenance of standards, rules and laws, alongside issues in relation to economics, trade agreements, and free-trade, this comprehensive book provides insight into the future of international food law. Key Features: Offers a historical overview of international food law, covering the key basic concepts Provides insights into key international trade agreements, agencies, and food safety controls Provides guidance on techniques for comparing and understanding the food law of different regions Incisive and accessible, this Advanced Introduction offers invaluable discussion of the major issues in the field for international law scholars, particularly those focusing on food law. It will also be a beneficial read for government officials involved in international trade and lawyers who deal with international food law looking for a better understanding of the history and key components of the topic.

In this incisive book, Petros C. Mavroidis examines the complex practice of interpreting the various sources of World Trade Organization (WTO) law. Written by a leading expert in WTO scholarship, the book serves as a broad grounding in the legal theory of the WTO contract and its sources, as well as its application in practice. Delving into the workings of the Vienna Convention of the Law of Treaties (VCLT) and its use within the WTO courts, the author provides a critical assessment of the interpretation of the WTO contract and illuminates the role of WTO adjudicators and the Secretariat in clarifying obligations. Mavroidis then explores the uncertainty and distortion that emerge as a result of the discretion from adjudicators invited by the VCLT, explaining why this matters and offering steps towards resolving these issues. Providing an expansive analysis of the interpretation of WTO treaties, this book will be an invaluable resource for scholars and students in the field of WTO law, as well as international trade and economic law more broadly. Its discussion of the possible future of dispute settlement, particularly its proposal for a re-evaluation of the judicial selection process, will also prove insightful to practitioners in this area.

This Commentary provides rich and detailed analysis both of the provisions of the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration (the Model Law), and of its implementation, including a comparative account of the operation of the Model Law in the numerous jurisdictions which have adopted it throughout the world. Key Features: Comparative and thorough analysis of the provisions of the Model Law Consideration of the interpretations of the Model Law adopted by courts, with references to numerous cases from common law jurisdictions (Singapore, Hong Kong, India, Australia, New Zealand, Canada), Germany and Austria, central Europe (Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria), Spain, South Korea and Egypt Insight into variations in the statutory implementation of the Model Law in various jurisdictions across Europe, Asia, the Middle East and Latin and North America, with the most common amendments identified and highlighted Discussion on whether the amendments adopted in Model Law jurisdictions should be persuasive in other Model Law jurisdictions Exploring how the Model Law is applied and interpreted in multiple jurisdictions, this practical and exhaustive commentary will be an essential resource for arbitrators and commercial litigators and will also appeal to scholars in the fields of arbitration, international dispute resolution, and international commercial law.

This edited book is the first to reflect on childhood obesity as a global legal challenge. It calls for a thorough commitment to human rights in the face of an ascendant global agri-food industry. The book makes an original contribution to the discussion on obesity as it considers both international economic law and human rights law perspectives on the issue whilst also examining the relationship between these two bodies of international law. After highlighting the importance of a human rights-based approach to obesity prevention, this book discusses the relevance of international economic law to the promotion of healthier food environments. It then examines the potential of international human rights law for more effective regulation of the food industry, arguing for better coordination between UN actors and more systematic reliance on human rights tools, including: the best interests of the child principle, human rights due diligence processes, and the imposition of extraterritorial obligations. The concluding chapter reflects on recurring themes and the added value of a WHO Framework Convention on Obesity Prevention. This book will be of interest to public health scholars, particularly those working on obesity and non-communicable diseases, and those with a broader interest in children's rights, human rights, international trade, investment, consumer or food law and policy. It will also be relevant to policy actors working to improve nutrition and public health globally.

With a focus on the 1980 Hague Convention, this cutting-edge Research Handbook provides a holistic overview of the law on international child abduction from prevention, through voluntary agreements and Convention proceedings, to post-return and aftercare issues. Analysing the repercussions of abduction from the perspectives of both abducted children and the therapeutic professionals engaged in their cases, chapters assess the contributions of the many professionals and key agencies involved in the field. Identifying the 1980 Hague Convention as the principal global instrument for dealing with child abduction, the Research Handbook traces its role, history, development and impact, alongside the mechanisms required for its effective use. Evaluating current trends, areas of concern in legal practice and various regional initiatives, it considers alternatives to high-conflict court proceedings in international child abduction cases. The Convention’s strengths, successes, weaknesses and gaps are discussed, and the Research Handbook concludes by addressing the need to tackle the challenges in its future operation. Interdisciplinary and accessible in approach, the contributions from renowned subject specialists will prove useful to students and scholars of human rights and family law, international law and the intersections between law and gender studies, politics and sociology. Its combination of research, policy and practice will be of use to legal practitioners working in family law alongside NGOs and central authorities working in the field.

Discussing the fundamental role played by the principles of equality and non-discrimination in the EU legal order, this insightful book explores the positive and negative elements that have contributed to the consolidation of the process of EU legal integration. Providing an in-depth analysis of the three key dimensions of equality in the EU -- equality as a value, equality as a principle and equality as a right -- this incisive book investigates the place and scope of equality within the founding values of the EU. It does this by examining the use of the principle of equality in the case-law of the Court of Justice, as well as the rights conferred on individuals via equality in secondary legislation, and the interaction between equality in the Charter of Fundamental Rights and as a general principle of EU law. Presenting an up-to-date analysis of the role played by equality in blending the economic and social elements of EU legal integration, Equality and Non-Discrimination in the EU will be an important read for scholars and students of EU and constitutional law, as well as practitioners and EU officials.