Advanced Materials from Recycled Waste examines the structural components of waste and looks at how best to transform those waste materials into advanced materials that can be utilized for high-end applications. Sections explore what is meant by Waste - looking at what are the sources, types of waste, and the management techniques and three sections dealing with specific types of waste materials, including Industrial, Agricultural and Plastics/Polymers. Classification, characterization, utilization of, physical and mechanical properties, and design and development are explored for each of these materials. Each section concludes with a review of the challenges and future prospects for their utilization. This book will be a vital resource for a broad audience interested in the reuse of waste materials, including materials scientists and materials engineers in industry involved in the recycling, reuse and reclamation of materials and industrial byproducts, and some more general environmental scientists and engineers involved in sustainable development.

Hydrometallurgy: Practice provides the necessary fundamental background to the multidisciplinary field of hydrometallurgy and provides the tools to be able to utilize the theory to quantitatively describe, model and control the unit operations used in hydrometallurgical plants. The book describes the development and operation of processes utilizing hydrometallurgical operations. It is a valuable resource and reference for researchers, academics, students and industry professionals. The book focuses on quantitative problem solving with many worked examples and focused problems based on Nicol's many years' experience in the teaching of hydrometallurgy to students, researchers and industry professionals.

Biomaterials for Angiogenesis and Vasculogenesis covers the application of materials designed to encourage new blood vessel formation. Angiogenesis and vasculogenesis play an important role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine research by promoting vascular networks inside engineered tissues and thereby increasing tissue healing and regeneration. However, researchers are faced with the challenge of finding suitable materials for improving angiogenesis and vascular formation in assays. This book reviews a broad range of biomaterials for the promotion of blood vessel genesis, from polymers and bioactive glass, to nanomaterial scaffolds and 3D angiogenic constructs. In addition, the book covers a variety of applications for biomaterials in tissue repair and regeneration, including cardiovascular regeneration, liver tissue engineering and much more. It will serve as a detailed reference for researchers in academia and industry, working in the fields of biomedical science and engineering, materials science, regenerative medicine and translational medicine.

Metal-Organic Framework-Based Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion and Storage addresses current challenges and covers design and fabrication approaches for nanomaterials based on metal organic frameworks for energy generation and storage technologies. The effect of synthetic diversity, functionalization, ways of improving conductivity and electronic transportation, tuning-in porosity to accommodate various types of electrolyte, and the criteria to achieve the appropriate pore size, shape and surface group of different metal sites and ligands are explored. The effect of integration of other elements, such as second metals or hetero-atomic doping in the system, to improve catalytic activity and durability, are also covered. This is an important reference source for materials scientists, engineers and energy scientists looking to further their understanding on how metal organic framework-based nanomaterials are being used to create more efficient energy conversion and storage systems.

The Mechanics of Hydrogels: Mechanical Properties, Testing, and Applications offers readers a systematic description of the mechanical properties and characterizations of hydrogels. Practical topics such as manufacturing hydrogels with controlled mechanical properties and the mechanical testing of hydrogels are covered at length, as are areas such as inelastic and nonlinear deformation, rheological characterization, fracture and indentation testing, mechanical properties of cellularly responsive hydrogels, and more. Proper instrumentation and modeling techniques for measuring the mechanical properties of hydrogels are also explored.

Polymeric Biomaterials for Healthcare Applications details a broad range of polymeric biomaterials, methods of synthesis and preparation, and their various applications in healthcare and biomedicine. The book provides a fundamental overview of polymers and processing technologies to allow clinical scientists to explore the use of these polymers in alternative applications. A wide variety of healthcare applications are covered, including treatment for autoimmune diseases and bacterial infections, tissue engineering, gene delivery, wound dressing, and more. The book provides a core introductory text for clinical and materials scientists new to the area of polymeric biomaterials. This book will prove useful to academics and researchers in materials science, biomedical engineering, clinical science and pharmaceutical science.

Sustainable Fibres for Fashion and Textile Manufacturing presents the latest technical information about innovative natural and synthetic materials, helping the reader to understand sustainable fibres and raw materials for fashion and textile manufacturing. With a particular focus on apparel manufacturing, different applications of sustainable fibres are explored along with manufacturing techniques and details of the material properties. New research investigating nontraditional sources of textile fibres such as lotus, orange, milk, seaweed, corn, and mushroom are all presented, providing a uniquely comprehensive resource. Drawing on work by contributors from a variety of fields and roles in industry and academia, this book shares solutions and new perspectives on this interdisciplinary topic more widely in the hope of leading to research breakthroughs.

Industrial Tomography: Systems and Applications, Second Edition thoroughly explores the important techniques of industrial tomography, also discusses image reconstruction, systems, and applications. This book presents complex processes, including the way three-dimensional imaging is used to create multiple cross-sections, and how computer software helps monitor flows, filtering, mixing, drying processes, and chemical reactions inside vessels and pipelines. This book is suitable for materials scientists and engineers and applied physicists working in the photonics and optoelectronics industry or in the applications industries.

A comprehensive look combining experimental and theoretical approaches to graphene, nanotubes, and quantum dots-based nanotechnology evaluation and development are including a review of key applications. Graphene, nanotubes, and quantum dots-based nanotechnology review the fundamentals, processing methods, and applications of this key materials system. The topics addressed are comprehensive including synthesis, preparation, both physical and chemical properties, both accepted and novel processing methods, modeling, and simulation. The book provides fundamental information on key properties that impact performance, such as crystal structure and particle size, followed by different methods to analyze, measure, and evaluate graphene, nanotubes, and quantum dots-based nanotechnology and particles. Finally, important applications are covered, including different applications of biomedical, energy, electronics, etc. Graphene, nanotubes, and quantum dots-based nanotechnology is appropriate for those working in the disciplines of nanotechnology, materials science, chemistry, physics, biology, and medicine.

Epitaxial Growth of Complex Metal Oxides, Second Edition reviews techniques and recent developments in the fabrication quality of complex metal oxides, which are facilitating advances in electronic, magnetic and optical applications. Sections review the key techniques involved in the epitaxial growth of complex metal oxides and explore the effects of strain and stoichiometry on crystal structure and related properties in thin film oxides. Finally, the book concludes by discussing selected examples of important applications of complex metal oxide thin films, including optoelectronics, batteries, spintronics and neuromorphic applications. This new edition has been fully updated, with brand new chapters on topics such as atomic layer deposition, interfaces, STEM-EELs, and the epitaxial growth of multiferroics, ferroelectrics and nanocomposites.

TSV 3D RF Integration: High Resistivity Si Interposer Technology systematically introduces the design, process development and application verification of high-resistivity silicon interpose technology, addressing issues of high frequency loss and high integration level. The book includes a detailed demonstration of the design and process development of Hr-Si interposer technology, gives case studies, and presents a systematic literature review. Users will find this to be a resource with detailed demonstrations of the design and process development of HR-Si interposer technologies, including quality monitoring and methods to extract S parameters. A series of cases are presented, including an example of an integrated inductor, a microstrip inter-digital filter, and a stacked patch antenna. Each chapter includes a systematic and comparative review of the research literature, offering researchers and engineers in microelectronics a uniquely useful handbook to help solve problems in 3D heterogenous RF integration oriented Hr-Si interposer technology.

2D Materials for Electronics, Sensors and Devices: Synthesis, Characterization, Fabrication and Application provides an overview of various top-down and bottom-up synthesis techniques, along with stitching, stacking and stoichiometric control methods for different 2D materials and their heterostructures. The book focuses on the widespread applications of various 2D materials in high-performance and low-power sensors, field effect devices, flexible electronics, straintronics, spintronics, brain-inspired electronics, energy harvesting and energy storage devices. This is an important reference for materials scientists and engineers looking to gain a greater understanding on how 2D materials are being used to create a range of low cost, sustainable products and devices.

This brand new volume in the ASM Handbook series has been developed to address the current and rapidly expanding importance of additive manufacturing (AM). ASM Handbook, Volume 24: Additive Manufacturing Processes provides the latest knowledge in materials, processes, and applications of AM, written by the leading experts in research and industry. It begins with an introduction and history of AM, authored by some of the key participants in that history as they trace the evolution of AM. The complete suite of materials and processes for polymers and ceramics are described in detail in the next two divisions. A division on metal AM processes begins with an in-depth description of the production and characterization of metal powders, which has a big effect on the success or failure of metal AM processes. The book describes AM processing of a wide variety of materials, illustrating differences in characteristics of metal alloys produced by AM processes in contrast to conventional processes. Volume 24 also covers direct-write processes, which take advantage of AM processes to combine materials and devices for multifunctional engineering applications.

Analytical Approaches for Reinforced Concrete presents mathematically-derived theories and equations for RC design and construction. The book applies deductive reasoning, logic and mathematics to RC. Laying out, deductively, the principles of RC, it encourages researchers to re-imagine and innovate using a solid conceptual framework. Sections consider the reasoning behind key theories, as well as problems that remain unsolved. The title presents key ideas in simple language and illustrates them clearly to help the reader grasp difficult concepts and develop a solid foundation, grounded in mathematics, for further study and research. The book is future-oriented, demonstrating theories that are applicable not only to conventional reinforced concrete members, but also to the envisaged structures of tomorrow. Such developments will increasingly require a deep, deductive understanding of RC. This title is the first of its kind, presenting a fresh analytical approach to reinforced concrete design and construction.

Thermal Management of Gallium Nitride Electronics outlines the technical approaches undertaken by leaders in the community, the challenges they have faced, and the resulting advances in the field. This book serves as a one-stop reference for compound semiconductor device researchers tasked with solving this engineering challenge for future material systems based on ultra-wide bandgap semiconductors. A number of perspectives are included, such as the growth methods of nanocrystalline diamond, the materials integration of polycrystalline diamond through wafer bonding, and the new physics of thermal transport across heterogeneous interfaces. Over the past 10 years, the book's authors have performed pioneering experiments in the integration of nanocrystalline diamond capping layers into the fabrication process of compound semiconductor devices. Significant research efforts of integrating diamond and GaN have been reported by a number of groups since then, thus resulting in active thermal management options that do not necessarily lead to performance derating to avoid self-heating during radio frequency or power switching operation of these devices. Self-heating refers to the increased channel temperature caused by increased energy transfer from electrons to the lattice at high power. This book chronicles those breakthroughs.

Nanotechnology in the Automotive Industry explores how nanotechnology and nanomaterials are used to enhance the performance of materials and devices for automotive application by fabricating nano-alloys, nanocomposites, nano coatings, nanodevices, nanocatalysts and nanosensors. Consisting of 36 chapters in 6 parts, this new volume in the Micro and Nano Technologies series is for materials scientists, nanotechnologists and automotive engineers working with nanotechnology and nanomaterials for automotive applications. Nanotechnology is seen as one of the core technologies for the future automotive industry to sustain competitiveness. The benefits that nanotechnology brings to the automotive sector include stronger and lighter materials for increased safety and reduced fuel consumption, improved engine performance and fuel consumption for gasoline powered vehicles due to nanocatalysts, fuel additives and lubricants, and more.

Sustainability and Health in Intelligent Buildings presents a comprehensive roadmap for designing and constructing high-performance clean energy-efficient buildings, including intelligence capabilities underpinned by smart power, 5G and Internet-of-Things technologies, environmental sensors, intelligent control strategies and cyber-physical security. This book includes a special emphasis on health pandemic resiliency that discusses strong engineering control strategies to respond and recover from infectious diseases like COVID-19. Sections cover the foundational aspects of healthy buildings, with a special emphasis on assessing indoor environmental qualities. In addition, it introduces the necessary principles that assist engineers and researchers in understanding and designing buildings that meet health and sustainability goals.

Bamboo Fibres: Processing, Properties, and Applications brings together best practices from key stages of bamboo production and application, allowing readers to find new solutions for bamboo fibers. Chapters on bamboo fiber characterization and properties show the full range of functional uses of the material. When used as a replacement for petrochemical-based synthetic fibers, this abundant and cheap material/textile can significantly reduce the environmental impact of textile products. This book is an invaluable resource for fiber chemists, material scientists, fabric technologists, manufacturers, and researchers interested in sustainable textiles. Bamboo fiber is a cellulosic fibre regenerated from the bamboo plant. It is highly sustainable being fully biodegradable and has strength comparable to conventional glass fibers. It has many other valuable characteristics, being bacteriostatic, antifungal, antibacterial, hypoallergenic, hydroscopic, a natural deodorizer, and resistant to ultraviolet light. Furthermore, it is highly durable, stable and tough and has substantial tensile strength. Due to its versatile properties, bamboo fibers are already used in the textile industry to make garments, in biomedical applications due to its antibacterial qualities, and many other areas.

Energy Landscapes of Nanoscale Systems provides a snapshot of the state-of-the-art in energy landscapes theory and applications. The book's chapters reflect diversity and knowledge transfer that is a key strength of the energy landscape approach. To reflect the breadth of this field, contributions include applications for clusters, biomolecules, crystal structure prediction and glassy materials. Chapters highlighting new methodologies, especially enhanced sampling techniques are included. In particular, the development and application of global optimization for structure prediction, methods for treating broken ergodicity on multifunnel landscapes, and treatment of rare event dynamics that reflect the state-of-the-art are featured. This book is an important reference source for materials scientists and energy engineers who want to understand more about how nanotechnology applies to the energy landscape approach. This volume is dedicated to Prof. Roy L. Johnston, who was formerly Co-Editor of the Frontiers of Nanoscience series, and who passed away in 2019.

Hydrometallurgy: Theory provides the necessary fundamental background to the multidisciplinary field of hydrometallurgy, presenting the tools needed to utilize the theory to quantitatively describe, model and control the unit operations used in hydrometallurgical plants. The book describes the development and operation of processes utilizing hydrometallurgical operations, making it a valuable resource and reference for researchers, academics, students and industry professionals. It focuses on quantitative problem-solving with many worked examples and focused problems based on Nicol's many years of experience in teaching hydrometallurgy to students, researchers and industry professionals.

Metal Oxides for Optoelectronics and Optics-based Medical Applications reviews recent advances in metal oxides and their mechanisms for optoelectronic, photoluminescent and medical applications. In addition, the book examines the integration of key chemistry concepts with nanoelectronics that can improve performance in a diverse range of applications. Sections place a strong emphasis on synthesis processes that can improve the metal oxides' physical properties and the reflected surface chemical changes that can impact their performance in various devices like light-emitting diodes, luminescence materials, solar cells, etc. Finally, the book discusses the challenges associated with the handling and maintenance of metal oxides crystalline properties. This book will be suitable for academics and those working in R&D in industry looking to learn more about cheaper and more effective methods to produce metal oxides for use in the fields of electronics, photonics, biophotonics and engineering.