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Books > Social sciences > Psychology > Cognition & cognitive psychology > Memory
"Train Your Brain" was written to provide older adults, and the people who work with them, with practical and scientifically based suggestions and interventions on how to maintain and even improve memory ability. Researchers have found that certain lifestyle factors predict the likelihood of developing memory problems. Most chapters begin with research summaries, followed by practical suggestions for taking advantage of the identified factors that affect memory. The book also contains information and suggestions for people interested in starting a cognitive enhancement program in an assisted living facility, senior center, or medical setting. Two chapters, 'How Memory Works' and 'How the Brain Works', provide readers with a foundation of knowledge so they can get the most out of subsequent chapters. The author presents the 'Use It or Lose It' theory of memory and aging and the overwhelming evidence that cognitive stimulation is associated with better memory ability; he also provides information on how nutrition, physical exercise, mood, stress, and sleep all affect memory. The book contains cognitive enhancement activities, with instructions, that can be used to create a memory enhancement program for oneself or others. However, even all of this information won't help the older adult who is unmotivated to make the necessary behavioral changes, so the author includes information on how to motivate people to do the things that can improve their quality of life and their ability to make new memories.
A characteristic feature of the aging process is a decline in episodic memory, that form of memory related to a particular time and place in an individual s personal history. This volume gathers together articles by leaders in the field exploring aging and episodic memory in healthy adults. These articles provide interesting and novel findings on different aspects of episodic memory, including patterns of decline and sparing, heterogeneity in older adults memory performance, and cognitive and non-cognitive factors that potentially improve older adults memory performance. This volume presents a state of the art account of episodic memory function in older adults.
Mere decades after the dissolution of Yugoslavia, the promise of European democracy seems to be out of joint. What has become of the once-shared memory of victory over fascism? Historical revisionism and nationalist propaganda in the post-Yugoslav context have tried to eradicate the legacy of partisan and socialist struggles, while Yugonostalgia commodifies the partisan/socialist past. It is against these dominant 'archives' that this book launches the partisan counter-archive, highlighting the symbolic power of artistic works that echo and envision partisan legacy and rupture. It comprises a body of works that emerged either during the people's liberation struggle or in later socialist periods, tracing a counter-archival surplus and revolutionary remainder that invents alternative protocols of remembrance and commemoration. The book covers rich (counter-)archival material - from partisan poems, graphic works and photography, to monuments and films - and ends by describing the recent revisionist un-doing of the partisan past. It contributes to the Yugoslav politico-aesthetical "history of the oppressed" as an alternative journey to the partisan past that retrieves revolutionary resources from the past for the present.
"The Handbook of Eyewitness Psychology "presents a survey of
research and legal opinions from international experts on the
rapidly expanding scientific literature addressing the accuracy and
limitations of eyewitnesses as a source of evidence for the courts.
For the first time, extensive reviews of factors influencing
witnesses of all ages-children, adults, and the elderly-are
compiled in a single pair of volumes. The disparate research
currently being conducted in eyewitness memory in psychology,
criminal justice, and legal studies is coherently presented in this
work.
"The Handbook of Eyewitness Psychology "presents a survey of
research and legal opinions from international experts on the
rapidly expanding scientific literature addressing the accuracy and
limitations of eyewitnesses as a source of evidence for the courts.
For the first time, extensive reviews of factors influencing
witnesses of all ages-children, adults, and the elderly-are
compiled in a single pair of volumes. The disparate research
currently being conducted in eyewitness memory in psychology,
criminal justice, and legal studies is coherently presented in this
work.
For more than 30 years, renowned psychological scientist Elizabeth F. Loftus has contributed groundbreaking research to the fields of science, law, and academia. This book provides an opportunity for readers to become better acquainted with one of the most important psychologists of our time, as it celebrates her life and accomplishments. It is intended to be a working text-one that challenges, intrigues, and inspires all readers alike. Do Justice and Let the Sky Fall collects research in theoretical and applied areas of human memory, provides an overview of the application of memory research to legal problems, and presents an introduction to the costs of doing controversial research. The first chapter gives a sketch of Loftus' career in her own words, and the remaining chapters color in that sketch. The final chapters of the book are more personal, and put a human face on a person who is held in such high esteem. This multipurpose volume is intended to serve as a valuable resource for established scientists, emerging scientists, graduate students, lawyers, and health professionals.
The purpose of Remembering the Times of Our Lives: Memory in
Infancy and Beyond is to trace the development from infancy through
adulthood in the capacity to form, retain, and later retrieve
autobiographical or personal memories. It is appropriate for scholars and researchers in the fields of cognitive psychology, memory, infancy, and human development.
In this book, Dr. Susan Albers, brings her unique approach to college students, their parents, and college staff. Using the principles of mindfulness, Dr. Albers presents a guide to healthy eating and self acceptance that will help readers navigate the weight obsessed, diet crazed, high pressured, fast food saturated college environment, establishing patterns of eating that will form the groundwork for a healthier life well beyond college. More than a new diet book or collection of superficial self-affirmations, this book gets at issues such as the importance of making informed choices and the value of self acceptance and good health.
The Aesthetics of Nostalgia TV explores the aesthetic politics of nostalgia for 1950s and 60s America on contemporary television. Specifically, it looks at how nostalgic TV production design shapes and is shaped by larger historical discourses on gender and technological change, and America's perceived decline as a global power. Alex Bevan argues that the aesthetics of nostalgic TV tell stories of their own about historical decline and progress, and the place of the baby boomer television suburb in American national memory. She contests theories on nostalgia that see it as stagnating, regressive, or a reversion to outdated gender and racial politics, and the technophobic longing for a bygone era; and, instead, argues nostalgia is an important form of historical memory and vehicle for negotiating periods of historical transition. The book addresses how and why the shows construct the boomer era as a placeholder for gender, racial, technological, and declensionist discourses of the present. The book uses Mad Men (AMC, 2007-2015), Ugly Betty (ABC, 2006-2010), Desperate Housewives (ABC, 2004-2012), and film remakes of 1950s and 60s family sitcoms as primary case studies.
This text celebrates the fourth Tsukuba International Conference on
Memory (Tic4) held in January of 2003, by setting forth productive
directions for memory researchers and human learning theorists
around the world. It presents fascinating perspectives on progress,
and future prospects for models, theories, and hypotheses authors
developed, including several new, never published experimental
results. Contributors include the winner of the 1997 U.S.
Congressional Medal of Science--William K. Estes--who graced the
text by penning the forward. The three full day presentations of
Tic4 included presentations by 225 experts, represented by 73
universities from countries on four continents: Europe, Asia,
Australia, and North America. "Human Learning and Memory" presents
11 chapters by invited speakers, and its appendices include titles
of all papers accepted for Tic4 presentations, as well as a
background introduction to Japanese cultures, relevant to Tic4
experiences.
Focusing on the "long" nineteenth century, from the French
Revolution to the beginnings of Modernism, this book examines the
significance of memory in this era of turbulent social change.
Through investigation of science, literature, history and the
visual arts, the authors explore theories of memory and the
cultural and literary resonances of memorializing.
The chapters in Human Spatial Memory: Remembering Where present a fascinating picture of an everyday aspect of mental life that is as intriguing to people outside of academia as it is to scientists studying human cognition and behavior. The questions are as old as the study of mind itself: How do we remember where objects are located? How do we remember where we are in relation to other places? What is the origin and developmental course of spatial memory? What neural structures are involved in remembering where? How do we come to understand scaled-down versions of places as symbolic representations of actual places? Although the questions are old, some of the answers-in-progress are new, thanks to some innovative theorizing, solid experimental work, and revealing applications of new technologies, such as virtual environments and brain imaging techniques. This volume includes a variety of theoretical, empirical, and methodological advances that invite readers to make their own novel connections between theory and research. Scholars who study spatial cognition can benefit from examining the latest from well-established experts, as well as milestone contributions from early-career researchers. This combination provides the reader with a sense of past, present, and future in terms of spatial memory research. Just as important, however, is the value of the volume as a touchstone resource for researchers who study perception, memory, or cognition but who are not concerned primarily with the spatial domain. All readers may find the fact that this volume violates the trend toward an ever-narrowing specialization refreshing. Chapters from cognitive psychologists are alongside chapters by developmentalists and neuroscientists; results from field studies are just pages away from those based on fMRI during observation of virtual displays. Thus, the book invites integrative examination across disciplines, research areas, and methodological approaches.
More than half of all everyday memory problems concern the delayed execution of an intended action, e.g. forgetting to give someone a call. This type of memory task has been labelled prospective memory and interest in this rather new field of cognitive psychology is growing. There are at least three reasons why research in prospective remembering is highly relevant. Firstly, prospective memory is of great relevance for everyday life. Secondly, prospective memory is of enormous clinical relevance. Thirdly, prospective memory research is of tremendous theoretical relevance. The six research papers in this special issue are paradigmatic examples of current approaches in this new and relevant field of cognitive psychology. Specifically, the question of to what extent is prospective memory similar to and to what extent is it different from the traditional topic of memory research is discussed. In addressing this question, concepts of cognitive functioning in general are being advanced. In addition, the mechanisms of neuropsychological impairments in prospective remembering as well as possible strategies of rehabilitation are investigated. Finally, a third focus is on the life-span development of prospective remembering. Investigating age-effects and possible underlying mechanisms, the influence of executive functioning, the specific nature of memory for intentions, and the role of motivational aspects are examined. Overall, this special issue convenes experts from several psychological disciplines in a collaborative effort to explore why humans so frequently have difficulties actually executing intentions that have been previously formed.
'Be prepared to be amazed' Guardian Can anyone get a perfect memory? Joshua Foer used to be like most of us, forgetting phone numbers and mislaying keys. Then he learnt the art of memory training, and a year later found himself in the finals of the US Memory Championship. He also discovered a truth we often forget: that, even in an age of technology, memory is the key to everything we are. In Moonwalking with Einstein he takes us on an astonishing journey through the mind, from ancient 'memory palace' techniques to neuroscience, from the man who can recall nine thousand books to another who constantly forgets who he is. In doing so, Foer shows how we can all improve our memories. 'Captivating ... engaging ... smart and funny' The New York Times 'Delightful ... uplifting ... it shows that our minds can do extraordinary things' Wall Street Journal 'Great fun ... a book worth remembering' Independent 'A lovely exploration of the ways that we preserve our lives and our world in the golden amber of human memory' New Scientist
"Women in the Hebrew Bible" presents the first one-volume overview
covering the interpretation of women's place in man's world within
the Hebrew Bible or Old Testament. Written by the major scholars in
the field of biblical studies and literary theory, these essays
examine attitudes toward women and their status in ancient Near
Eastern societies, focusing on the Israelite society portrayed by
the Hebrew Bible.
Widely considered to be the most comprehensive and accessible textbook in the field of Cognitive Psychology Emphasis on applied cognition with 'in the real world' case studies and examples Comprehensive companion website including access to Primal Pictures' interactive 3D atlas of the brain, test simulations of key experiments, multiple choice questions, glossary flashcards and instructor PowerPoint slides Simple, clear pedagogy in every chapter to highlight key terms, case studies and further reading Updated references throughout the textbook to reflect the latest research
This is a practical handbook which features 80 adaptable games and the issues that arise with them. Although primarily intended for use with older people, these games should be enjoyed by people of all ages: as part of a social activities programme; specifically for reminiscence purposes; to help keep people orientated to the world around them; to exercise memory skills; or as the prelude to discussion so that individuals can share difficulties and explore methods of aiding memory. The games can be used one-to-one as well as in groups, and can be made easier or more difficult accordingly.
Resilience stands at the limits of what it is to be human. The opposite of vulnerability, it encompasses qualities that are both relational and innately enforced. In this unique book Clara Mucci investigates how resilience can be fostered to create stronger individuals and societies. Mucci explores human responses to intergenerational trauma and identifies the key principles that can foster resilience and healing. She looks not only through the prism of attachment theory and developmental neuroscience but also explores the power of art, memoir and other frameworks, showing that acts of compassion and forgiveness contribute to building and reinforcing resilience and solidarity.
How do bureaucracies remember? The conventional view is that institutional memory is static and singular, the sum of recorded files and learned procedures. There is a growing body of scholarship that suggests contemporary bureaucracies are failing at this core task. This Element argues that this diagnosis misses that memories are essentially dynamic stories. They reside with people and are thus dispersed across the array of actors that make up the differentiated polity. Drawing on four policy examples from four sectors (housing, energy, family violence and justice) in three countries (the UK, Australia and New Zealand), this Element argues that treating the way institutions remember as storytelling is both empirically salient and normatively desirable. It is concluded that the current conceptualisation of institutional memory needs to be recalibrated to fit the types of policy learning practices required by modern collaborative governance.
Where do spontaneous thoughts come from? It may be surprising that the seemingly straightforward answers "from the mind" or "from the brain" are in fact an incredibly recent understanding of the origins of spontaneous thought. For nearly all of human history, our thoughts - especially the most sudden, insightful, and important - were almost universally ascribed to divine or other external sources. Only in the past few centuries have we truly taken responsibility for their own mental content, and finally localized thought to the central nervous system - laying the foundations for a protoscience of spontaneous thought. But enormous questions still loom: what, exactly, is spontaneous thought? Why does our brain engage in spontaneous forms of thinking, and when is this most likely to occur? And perhaps the question most interesting and accessible from a scientific perspective: how does the brain generate and evaluate its own spontaneous creations? Spontaneous thought includes our daytime fantasies and mind-wandering; the flashes of insight and inspiration familiar to the artist, scientist, and inventor; the nighttime visions we call dreams; and clinical phenomena such as repetitive depressive rumination. This Handbook brings together views from neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, phenomenology, history, education, contemplative traditions, and clinical practice to begin to address the ubiquitous but poorly understood mental phenomena that we collectively call 'spontaneous thought.' In studying such an abstruse and seemingly impractical subject, we should remember that our capacity for spontaneity, originality, and creativity defines us as a species - and as individuals. Spontaneous forms of thought enable us to transcend not only the here and now of perceptual experience, but also the bonds of our deliberately-controlled and goal-directed cognition; they allow the space for us to be other than who we are, and for our minds to think beyond the limitations of our current viewpoints and beliefs.
Working memory and perceptual attention are related functions, engaging many similar mechanisms and brain regions. As a consequence, behavioral and neural measures often reveal competition between working memory and attention demands. Yet there remains widespread debate about how working memory operates, and whether it truly shares processes and representations with attention. This Element will examine local-level representational properties to illuminate the storage format of working memory content, as well as systems-level and brain network communication properties to illuminate the attentional processes that control working memory. The Element will integrate both cognitive and neuroscientific accounts, describing shared substrates for working memory and perceptual attention, in a multi-level network architecture that provides robustness to disruptions and allows flexible attentional control in line with goals.
The first text to integrate behavioral and cognitive approaches to learning and memory, this engaging textbook emphasizes human research, reflecting the field's evolution. Learning and Memory also recognizes the vital contribution of animal research, covering all historically important studies. Written in a lively and conversational style, this second edition encourages students to think critically. One example is its exploration of the Rescorla-Wagner model, the most important theory of conditioning, now further streamlined to improve student comprehension. Another is the addition of critical-thinking questions, which encourage students to evaluate their reactions to the material they've read, and relate findings to their own lives. Research includes an emphasis on practical applications such as treatments for phobias, addictions, and autism; the arguments for and against corporal punishment; whether recovered memories and eyewitness testimony should be believed; and effective techniques for studying. The text concludes with an overview of neural networks and deep learning. |
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