This new and improved edition focuses on providing practical information and tools that engineers can use to maximize the profitability and reliability of their fluid catalytic cracking operations. The updated chapters and new content deliver expertise and know-how to an industry that faces significant cost cutting in capital expenditure and R&D, along with the retirement of technical specialists who are taking existing knowledge out of the industry with them. This FCC Handbook provides a valuable easy-to-understand resource for both experienced and inexperienced engineers and anyone else associated with the FCC process. This book gives those who need a quick reference, and gives those who are developing their skills and knowledge trusted information that will help them succeed with their projects.

Key features include;

Common examples that will enable engineers to achieve increased unit savings

Updated with the latest process technologies for handling residue and "deep" hydrotreated feedstock

New chapter discussing refractory lining, providing an introduction to the different refractories employed in FCC units, examples of various refractory linings and associated anchors, installation techniques as well as some guidelines for proper drying and curing refractory lining.

New troubleshooting chapter, increasing the practical application of the book, along with new visual references to operation optimization

About the author;

Reza Sadeghbeigi is President of RMS Engineering, Inc. a Houston, Texas based engineering firm providing high-level technical expertise in the area of fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and related processes.

Reza has 35 years of hands-on FCC experience in the refining industry, focusing on technical services, troubleshooting, process design, and project management, including major FCC revamps. A licensed Professional Engineer (P.E.) in Texas and Louisiana, Reza has published technical papers and produced industry seminars on refining and catalytic cracking operations and conducted numerous client customized FCC training courses and public seminars.

The only practical approach, with tools and techniques for those with FCC responsibilities to help maximize the profitability and reliability of fluid catalytic cracking operations.

Updated throughout, with new material focusing on latest developments, the shift to using FCC to process lower quality crudes, and new applied material on troubleshooting.

Provides a reference for both experienced engineers who need a quick reference, as well as providing those who are developing their skills and knowledge with access to trusted information that will help them succeed in their projects.

Although the processing of natural gas is in many respects less complicated than the processing and refining of crude oil, it is equally as necessary before its use by end users. The actual process used to separate oil from natural gas, as well as the equipment that is used, can vary widely. Gas Sweetening and Processing Field Manual provides engineers with the ability to understand and select the most efficient and cost effective method to fit their individual needs. Designed for engineers, technologists, and operations personnel involved in the design and operation of gas processing facilities, the book starts with an explanation of the terms and theories used throughout the industry. This is followed by clear and rigorous exposition of sweetness processes such as Solid Bed Adsorption, Chemical Solvents, Physical Solvents, Distillation, and Gas Permeation. Exercises appear at the conclusion of each chapter with hints in addition to full solutions.

Other topics include Design Procedure, Design Examples, Problems and Practical Solutions, Value of NGL Components, Liquid Recovery Process, Absorption/Lean Oil Process, Joule-Thomson, Refrigeration and Cryogenic (Expansion Turbine) Plants. Chapters involving applications cover Direct Conversion of H2S to Sulfur, Removal of H2S to Meet Pipeline Qualities, Removal of CO2 to Meet Pipeline Qualities and Selection Charts.

Engineers and process designers will find this text a valuable guide to gas sweetening process and equipment, both in terms of its application to efficient and cost effective operations. It will prove particularly useful to readers who want a "quick reference" guide to field operations and procedures as well as those readers who wish to increase their knowledge of best practices.

Rigorous exposition of all natural gas sweetness processes

Equipment and process trouble-shooting techniques

Tips for diagnosing and solving equipment and process problems

Exercises appear at the conclusion of each chapter

Raw natural gas typically contains a substantial amount of water, which can degrade heating value and contribute to the formation of corrosion in piping and other equipment. Under certain conditions, natural gas hydrates can form, which can cause pipe blockages. Although dehydration historically has been a fairly inexpensive step in the upgrading of natural gas to pipeline quality, costs are increasing. Gas Dehydration Field Manual defines the various methods of gas dehydration and discusses the differences between adsorption and absorption.

Designed for engineers, technologists, and operations personnel involved in the design and operation of gas processing facilities, the book starts with an explanation of the terms and theories used throughout the industry. This is followed by clear and rigorous exposition of dehydration processes such as Condensation process, Glycol Regeneration and Molecular Sieves.Exercises appear at the conclusion of each chapter with hints in addition to full solutions.

Other topics include hydrate prevention, chemical injection systems, hydrate inhibitor methods. Chapters involving applications cover dehydrate considerations, operation principles, hydrate production correlations and production of operating temperatures and Pressures and glycol maintenance, care and trouble-shooting. An appendix provides the reader with additional exercises and solutions.

Engineers and process designers will find this text a valuable guide to gas dehydration processes and equipment, both in terms of its application to efficient and cost effective operations. It will prove particularly useful to readers who want a "quick reference" guide to field operations and procedures as well as those readers who wish to increase their knowledge of best practices.
Include hydrate prevention, chemical injection systems, hydrate inhibitor methods

Condensation process, Glycol Regeneration and Molecular Sieves

An appendix provides the reader with additional exercises and solutions

A sound knowledge of different facets of petro-Economics is a economics is a sine quo non particularly for the petro-chemical sectors dealing with exploration, development, production, refining, transportation. Storage and marketing of oil, natural gas and a wide range of petro- products. Evolution and application of the concept of petro-economics, following the first-ever major ' oil shock' in the early 1970s has gained strategic significance and tremendous momentum from the first decade of the 21st century on the following ground: (i) Emerging need for integration of national energy security with global energy security environment; (ii) Growing concern for safeguarding dwindling strategic oil and natural gas reserves to cater to the growing economy in the developing world (particularly the BRIC nations) with much greater projected future demand for oil and natural gas; (iii) segmentation of the global oil and natural gas market on a geo-political basis, compounded by the overwhelming ramifications of regional economic unions; (iv) price structuring, rationalization/ parity, and attendant accounting problems of oil and natural gas in terms of upstream, midstream, downstream, marketing/ retailing activities associated with crudes, refined oil and natural gas (including LNG, CNG) products.

The third edition of Air and Gas Drilling Manual describes the basic simulation models for drilling deep wells with air or gas drilling fluids, gasified two-phase drilling fluids, and stable foam drilling fluids. The models are the basis for the development of a systematic method for planning under balanced deep well drilling operations and for monitoring the a drilling operation as well construction project advances.
Air and Gas Drilling Manual discusses both the oil and natural gas industry applications, and geotechnical (water well, environmental, mining) industry applications. Important well construction and completions issues are discussed for all applications.
The engineering analyses techniques are used to develop pre-operations planning methods, trouble-shooting operations monitoring techniques and overall operations risk analysis. The essential objective of the book is drilling and well construction cost management control. The book is in both SI and British Imperial units.
*Master the air and gas drilling techniques in construction and development of water wells, monitoring wells, geotechnical boreholes, mining operations boreholes and more
*30% of all wells drilled use gas and air, according to the U.S. Department of Energy estimates
*Contains basic simulation equations with examples for direct and reverse circulation drilling models and examples for air and gas, gasified fluids, and stable foam drilling models

The problem of removing water which is emulsified with produced oil has grown more widespread and often times more difficult as producers attempt to access more difficult reserves. This practical guide is designed to help engineers and operators develop a "feel" for selection, sizing, and troubleshooting emulsion equipment. These skills are of vital importance to ensure low operating costs and to meet crude export quality specifications. The book is written for engineers and operators, who need advanced knowledge of the numerous techniques and the equipment used to destabilize and resolve petroleum emulsions problems. In Emulsions and Oil Treating Equipment: Selection, Sizing and Troubleshooting the author provides engineers and operators with a guide to understanding emulsion theory, methods and equipment, and practical design of a treating system. Comprehensive in its scope, the author explains methods such as: demulsifiers, temperature, electrostatics and non-traditional methods of modulated or pulsed voltage control, as well as equipment such as: electrostatic treater (dehydrator), separator, gunbarr heater-treater and free water knockout. Written in a "how to" format, it brings together hundreds of methods, handy formulas, diagrams and tables in one convenient book.
Detailed coverage emulsion equipment and removal methods
Tips for selecting, sizing, and operating emulsion equipment
Overview of emulsion theory and factors affecting treatment methods
Packed with equipment diagrams, worked out calculations covers equipment and removal methods

This practical guide is designed to help engineers and operators develop a ?feel? for selection, specification, operating parameters, and trouble-shooting separators; form an understanding of the uncertainties and assumptions inherent in operating the equipment. The goal is to help familiarize operators with the knowledge and tools required to understand design flaws and solve everyday operational problems for types of separators.
The book is divided into six parts: Part one and two covers fundamentals such as: physical properties, phase behaviour and calculations. Part three through five is dedicated to topics such as: separator construction, factors affecting separation, vessel operation, and separator operation considerations. Part six is devoted to the ASME codes governing wall thickness determination of vessel weight fabrication, inspection, alteration and repair of separators

500 illustrations
Easy to understand calculations methods
Guide for protecting downstream equipment
Helps reduce the loss of expensive intermediate ends
Helps increase product purity

Finite Element Programming in Non-linear Geomechanics and Transient Flow delivers a textbook reference for both students and practitioners alike, with provided codes to understand and modify. Starting with the fundamentals, the reference covers the basics of finite element methods, including coupling geomechanics and transient fluid flow. The next phase moves from theory into practical application from programs Flow3D and Geo3D, utilizing source codes to solve real field challenges. Stability of perforations during oil and gas production, sand production problems, rock failure, casing collapse, and reservoir compaction problems are just some examples. Next, the reference elevates to hands-on experience, sharing source codes with additional problems engineers can work on independently. This gives students and engineers a starting point to modify their own code in a fraction of the time.

Theories and Technologies of Bionic Drilling Fluids covers the development and use of bionics in drilling fluids. The book considers technical challenges and upgrades to existing drilling fluid technology, presenting a case for the use of bionics in the petroleum industry alongside environmental protection. In response to the increasing need for novel technologies, the title includes insights on how nature-inspired technologies can be successfully developed to help researchers and technicians harness the power of bionics to solve practical challenges. This volume presents over a decade's worth of original research on bionic drilling fluids, offering scientists and engineers a comprehensive handbook. Drilling fluid has contributed to the safe, efficient and smooth implementation of drilling engineering for over a century. However, in recent years, oil and gas reserves have been discovered in difficult-to-access, extreme environments such as the deep ocean. Consequently, geological and ground conditions have become increasingly complex, posing a challenge to resource exploration and development. Bionics, the imitation of characteristics, structures, functions and principles from nature, offers a new approach to drilling fluid technology.

This carefully targeted and rigorous new textbook introduces engineering students to the fundamental principles of applied Earth science, highlighting how modern soil and rock mechanics, geomorphology, hydrogeology, seismology and environmental geochemistry affect geotechnical and environmental practice. Key geological topics of engineering relevance including soils and sediments, rocks, groundwater, and geologic hazards are presented in an accessible and engaging way. A broad range of international case studies add real-world context, and demonstrate practical applications in field and laboratory settings to guide site characterization. End-of-chapter problems are included for self-study and evaluation, and supplementary online materials include electronic figures, additional examples, solutions, and guidance on useful software. Featuring a detailed glossary introducing key terminology, this text requires no prior geological training and is essential reading for senior undergraduate or graduate students in civil, geological, geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering. It is also a useful reference and bridge for Earth science graduates embarking on engineering geology courses.

The Aboveground Steel Storage Tank Handbook I like the summary of regulations in conjunction with industry standards and products. Usually a book covers one or the other. —Wayne Geyer, Executive Vice-President, Steel Tank Institute I think this is a valuable text in that it does a very good job presenting the two types of ASTs. —Darryl J. Butkos, Hydrogeologist and Environmental Engineer The U.S. aboveground storage tank (AST) market will approach $2.0 billion in 1995 and has an annual growth rate of approximately 5 percent. Shop-built ASTs have proliferated over the last 10 years and are replacing the underground tanks that have caused a large percentage of groundwater contamination. Larger field-erected tanks are now found at almost every industrial facility because of their greater reliability and the lessened risk of environmental spills. The Aboveground Steel Storage Tank Handbook discusses the myriad of regulations, codes, and manufacturing standards and shows how they are intertwined. It is the first handbook on aboveground storage tanks that explains the unique differences between field-erected ASTs and shop-built ASTs. The authors have divided the Handbook into four easy-to-understand sections: Markets, Regulations, Standards, and Products. Anyone who finds himself or herself working through the maze of the AST compliance paperwork will find this book to be a great benefit as a single-source reference guide.

This book discusses the progress that is being made through innovations in instrumental measurements of geologic and geochemical systems and their study using modern mathematical modeling. It covers the systems approach to understanding sedimentary rocks and their role in evolution and containment of subsurface fluids.

Fundamental aspects of petroleum geology and geochemistry, generation, migration, accumulation, evaluation and production of hydrocarbons are discussed with worldwide examples. Various physical and chemical properties of subsurface waters, crude oils and natural gases are described which is especially important to production engineering. Among various properties of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons the most important are wettability affecting production characteristics and ultimate recovery: relative permeability affecting reservoir fluid flow to the production wells; density differences between immiscible fluids which affects gravity drainage; viscosity of subsurface fluids affecting the relative mobility of each fluid; and fluid chemistry, which affects the absorption, ultimate recovery and monetary value of produced hydrocarbons.

Discussion of the formation and accumulation of hydrocarbons includes (1) the changes in the chemical composition of hydrocarbons that originate from the debris of living plants and organisms to form crude oil and natural gas; (2) the origin of hydrocarbons in different areas of a single reservoir; (3) the conditions, which determine the distribution of water, oil and gas in the reservoir; (4) the migration of subsurface fluids until they eventually accumulate in isolated traps; (5) discussion of the traps as a function of sedimentary geology and tectonics. This is based on the systems approach to the specific geologic and geochemical systems using analytical and statistical principles and examples of modern mathematical modeling of static and dynamic systems.
* Discusses fundamental aspects of petroleum geology and geochemistry, and generation, migration, accumulation, evaluation and production of hydrocarbons
* Presents a systems approach to the specific geologic and geochemical systems

Prevention of Actuator Emissions in the Oil and Gas Industry delivers a critical reference for oil and gas engineers and managers to get up-to-speed on all the factors in actuator fugitive emissions. Packed with a selection process, the benefits of switching to an electric system, and the technology around open and closed loop hydraulic systems helps today's engineer understand all their options. Rounding with a detailed explanation around High Integrity Pressure Protection Systems (HIPPS), this book gives provides the knowledge necessary to lower emissions on today's equipment.

Hydrocarbon Fluid Inclusions in Petroliferous Basins trains readers to detect Hydrocarbon Fluid Inclusions (HCFIs) in sedimentary rocks, particularly the wafer preparation techniques to visualize HCFIs, its distinction from aqueous inclusions, petrographic approaches to HCFIs, microthermometric observations on HCFIs, fluorescence emission spectra and Raman spectra of HCFIs, and their interpretations for the petroleum industry. The book features case studies from the Mumbai and Kerala Konkan Basins of the Western Offshore of India - two representative basins where new, non-destructive, fluid inclusion techniques were tested. This book is essential reading for students of petroleum geology and those working in exploration in the oil and gas industry.

Prevention of Valve Fugitive Emissions in the Oil and Gas Industry delivers a critical reference for oil and gas engineers and managers to get up-to-speed on all factors surrounding valve fugitive emissions. New technology is included on monitoring, with special attention given to valve seals which are typically the biggest emitting factor on the valve. Proper testing requirements to mitigate future leaks are also covered. Rounding out with international standards, laws and specifications to apply to projects around the world, this book gives today's engineers updated knowledge on how to lower emissions on today's equipment.

For the practitioner, this volume is a valuable tool for predicting reservoir flow in the most efficient and profitable manner possible, using quantitative methods rather than anecdotal and outdated methods. For the student, this volume offers insight not covered in other textbooks.
Too many approaches in traditional petroleum engineering are based on "ad hoc" and "common sense" methods that have no rigorous mathematical basis. Most textbooks dealing with reservoir engineering do not go into the necessary mathematical detail and depth. This new book by Wilson Chin, a revision of two earlier books published by Gulf Publishing, Modern Reservoir Flow and Well Transient Analysis and Formation Invasion, integrates rigorous mathematical methods for simulating and predicting reservoir flow both near and away from the well.
Predicts reservoir flow to maximize resources, time, and profits
Includes problems and solutions for students
Presents mathematical models in an easy-to-understand and easy-to-simulate format

Modeling and Simulation of Catalytic Reactors for Petroleum Refining deals with fundamental descriptions of the main conversion processes employed in the petroleum refining industry: catalytic hydrotreating, catalytic reforming, and fluid catalytic cracking. Common approaches for modeling of catalytic reactors for steady-state and dynamic simulations are also described and analyzed. Aspects such as thermodynamics, reaction kinetics, process variables, process scheme, and reactor design are discussed in detail from both research and commercial points of view. Results of simulation with the developed models are compared with those determined at pilot plant scale as well as commercial practice. Kinetics data used in the reactor model are either taken from the literature or obtained under controlled experiments at the laboratory.

Applied Gaseous Fluid Drilling Engineering: Design and Field Case Studies provides an introduction on the benefits of using gaseous fluid drilling engineering. In addition, the book describes the multi-phase systems needed, along with discussions on stability control. Safety and economic considerations are also included, as well as key components of surface equipment needed and how to properly select equipment depending on the type of fluid system. Rounding out with proven case studies that demonstrate good practices and lessons from failures, this book delivers a practical tool for understanding the guidelines and mitigations needed to utilize this valuable process and technology.

Drilling and production wells are becoming more digitalized as oil and gas companies continue to implement machine learning and big data solutions to save money on projects while reducing energy and emissions. Up to now there has not been one cohesive resource that bridges the gap between theory and application, showing how to go from computer modeling to practical use. Methods for Petroleum Well Optimization: Automation and Data Solutions gives today's engineers and researchers real-time data solutions specific to drilling and production assets. Structured for training, this reference covers key concepts and detailed approaches from mathematical to real-time data solutions through technological advances. Topics include digital well planning and construction, moving teams into Onshore Collaboration Centers, operations with the best machine learning (ML) and metaheuristic algorithms, complex trajectories for wellbore stability, real-time predictive analytics by data mining, optimum decision-making, and case-based reasoning. Supported by practical case studies, and with references including links to open-source code and fit-for-use MATLAB, R, Julia, Python and other standard programming languages, Methods for Petroleum Well Optimization delivers a critical training guide for researchers and oil and gas engineers to take scientifically based approaches to solving real field problems.

Traditional well logging methods, such as resistivity, acoustic, nuclear and NMR, provide indirect information related to fluid and formation properties. The "formation tester," offered in wireline and MWD/LWD operations, is different. It collects actual downhole fluid samples for surface analysis, and through pressure transient analysis, provides direct measurements for pore pressure, mobility, permeability and anisotropy. These are vital to real-time drilling safety, geosteering, hydraulic fracturing and economic analysis. Methods for formation testing analysis, while commercially important and accounting for a substantial part of service company profits, however, are shrouded in secrecy. Unfortunately, many are poorly constructed, and because details are not available, industry researchers are not able to improve upon them. This new book explains conventional models and develops new powerful algorithms for "double-drawdown" and "advanced phase delay" early-time analysis - importantly, it is now possible to predict both horizontal and vertical permeabilities, plus pore pressure, within seconds of well logging in very low mobility reservoirs. Other subjects including inertial Forchheimer effects in contamination modeling and time-dependent flowline volumes are also developed. All of the methods are explained in complete detail. Equations are offered for users to incorporate in their own models, but convenient, easy-to-use software is available for those needing immediate answers. The leading author is a well known petrophysicist, with hands-on experience at Schlumberger, Halliburton, BP Exploration and other companies. His work is used commercially at major oil service companies, and important extensions to his formation testing models have been supported by prestigious grants from the United States Department of Energy. His new collaboration with China National Offshore Oil Corporation marks an important turning point, where advanced simulation models and hardware are evolving side-by-side to define a new generation of formation testing logging instruments. The present book provides more than formulations and solutions: it offers a close look at formation tester development "behind the scenes," as the China National Offshore Oil Corporation opens up its research, engineering and manufacturing facilities through a collection of interesting photographs to show how formation testing tools are developed from start to finish.

Risk Management in the Oil and Gas Industry: Offshore and Onshore Concepts and Case Studies delivers the concepts, strategies and good practices of offshore and onshore safety engineering that are applicable to petroleum engineering and immediately surrounding industries. Guided by the strategic risk management line, this reference organizes steps in order of importance and priority that should be given to the themes in the practical exercise of risk management activities, from the conceptual and design phase to operational and crisis management situations. Each chapter is packed with practical case studies, lessons learned, exercises, and review questions. The reference also touches on the newest techniques, including liquefied natural gas (cryogenics) operations and computer simulations that contemplate the influence of human behavior. Critical for both the new and experienced engineer, this book gives the best didactic tool to perform operations safely and effectively.

Machine Learning Guide for Oil and Gas Using Python: A Step-by-Step Breakdown with Data, Algorithms, Codes, and Applications delivers a critical training and resource tool to help engineers understand machine learning theory and practice, specifically referencing use cases in oil and gas. The reference moves from explaining how Python works to step-by-step examples of utilization in various oil and gas scenarios, such as well testing, shale reservoirs and production optimization. Petroleum engineers are quickly applying machine learning techniques to their data challenges, but there is a lack of references beyond the math or heavy theory of machine learning. Machine Learning Guide for Oil and Gas Using Python details the open-source tool Python by explaining how it works at an introductory level then bridging into how to apply the algorithms into different oil and gas scenarios. While similar resources are often too mathematical, this book balances theory with applications, including use cases that help solve different oil and gas data challenges.

Machine Learning and Data Science in the Oil and Gas Industry explains how machine learning can be specifically tailored to oil and gas use cases. Petroleum engineers will learn when to use machine learning, how it is already used in oil and gas operations, and how to manage the data stream moving forward. Practical in its approach, the book explains all aspects of a data science or machine learning project, including the managerial parts of it that are so often the cause for failure. Several real-life case studies round out the book with topics such as predictive maintenance, soft sensing, and forecasting. Viewed as a guide book, this manual will lead a practitioner through the journey of a data science project in the oil and gas industry circumventing the pitfalls and articulating the business value.

Well Integrity for Workovers and Recompletions delivers the concise steps and processes necessary to ensure that production wells minimize failure. After understanding the introductory background on well integrity and establishing the best baseline, the reference advances into various failure modes that can be expected. Rounding out with an explanation and tools concerning economic considerations, such as how to increase reserve potential and rate of return, the book gives oil and gas engineers and managers a vital solution to keeping their assets safe and effective for the long-term gain.

Petroleum Engineer's Guide to Oil Field Chemicals and Fluids, Third Edition delivers all the necessary lists of chemicals by use, their basic components, benefits and environmental implications. Instead of searching through various sources, this updated reference presents a one-stop, non-commercialized approach by organizing products by function, matching the chemical to the process for practical problem-solving, and extending coverage with additional resources and supportive materials. Updates include shale specific fluids and organic additives, including swellable polymers and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Covering the full spectrum, including fluid loss additives and oil spill treating agents, this book is ideal for every oil and gas operation with its options for lower costs, sustainable use and enhanced production.