This volume contains the proceedings of the Falk Workshop on Bile Acids in Hepatobiliary Disease, which took place at the Royal Society of Medicine (RSM) in London, UK, on 29-30 March 1999, and was held in association with the Section of Measurement in Medicine at the RSM. The main interest in bile acid therapy has been recently in cholestatic liver disease. The proceedings of the workshop not only discusses this, but moves on to examine its possible use in alcoholic liver disease, and moves back to re-examine its role in biliary disease. Leading world experts attempt to define its mechanism of action, and the current role of other non-surgical treatments in biliary disease. The physiology and pathogenesis of cholestatic and alcoholic liver disease and cholesterol gallstone disease is also examined.

The International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry holds a major international conference every four years. This volume contains the papers presented at the fourth such event, held at the World Congress on Youth, Leisure and Physical Activity in Brussels.

No matter when you make changes in your life, you can still reap the benefits of bolstering your gut, reinvigorating its digestive and immune capabilities, and boosting your overall health.

The International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry held its 8th International Conference in Manchester in July 2002. This volume contains a selection of papers presented to the Conference, where the meeting was held in conjunction with the 12th Commonwealth International Sport Conference, immediately prior to the XVII Commonwealth Games. The Content is structured into five parts: * methodological issues in kinanthropometry * paediatric science * applications of kinanthropometry * women and exercise * health-relations. The collection of the chapters into an edited book provides readers with an outline of the current state of knowledge in kinanthropometry.

No further information has been provided for this title.

Golf is one of the world's major sports and consequently the focus of world-class scientific research. This landmark publication is the most comprehensive book ever published on the science of golf, covering every sub-discipline from physiology, biomechanics and psychology to strength and conditioning, youth development and equipment design. Showcasing original research from leading golf scientists across the globe, it examines the fundamental science underpinning the game and demonstrates how it can be applied in practice to improve and develop players. Each chapter provides a definitive account of the current state of knowledge in a particular area of golf science, addressing the limitations of existing research, presenting new areas for development and discussing the implications for coaches, players, scientists and the wider golfing public. Truly international in scope, the variety of topics explored include: biomechanics and equipment skill learning and technology performance development psychological techniques for success the golfing body. This is an essential reference for any student or researcher with an interest in the game, or any coach or professional looking to improve their knowledge.

This book, the proceedings of the Falk Symposium No. 146 Gut-Liver Interactions: Basic and Clinical Concepts, held in Innsbruck, Austria, on March 11-12, 2005, brings together gastroenterologists and hepatologists both at a clinical and a basic scientific level. Topics have been structured in such a way to be of interest to both clinicians and basic scientists. The main focus of the book is to highlight the role of the immune system in gut and liver diseases and potential interactions of the gut and the liver respectively. Special emphasis is based on the importance of the gut flora in intestinal and also in liver diseases. The role of NOD2 is one of the very best examples demonstrating the importance, not only in inflammatory bowel diseases, but also diseases well beyond this barrier.

Such intense interactions between gastroenterologists and hepatologists, as shown through this book, might boost and stimulate scientific ideas and research in other unexpected areas.

This new edition explores and provides an update on the biology and pathogenesis of human cytomegalovirus infection. Modern techniques that are currently being utilized to investigate the molecular aspects of viral infection, as well as how these new research studies are leading to new approaches to mitigate disease, are also provided. Given the key role the virus plays in significant acute and chronic human disease in all stages of life, from newborns to seniors, the need for clear methodologies to further explore the biology of HCMV infection and mitigation strategies is readily apparent. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and up-to-date, Human Cytomegaloviruses: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition serves as an ideal scientific reference for basic and clinical scientists and medical personnel on the modern understanding of the pathobiology of the virus, and the approaches, techniques, and models to study human cytomegalovirus infection and disease.

This book provides an overview of recent advances in the study of aging and aging related diseases, discussing the topics at individual, organ, tissue, cell, and molecular levels. It also presents studies on the biomarkers of aging and anti-aging interventions. Aging has been becoming a global health problem. However it was not possible to determine aging as we usually diagnose a disease because there are few biomarkers for age estimation. Since ancient times, people have been seeking anti-aging substances and methods for achieving immortality, while the scientific study of aging has only existed for 100 years. This book appeals to researchers both in institutes and in pharmaceutical companies interested in further studies in this field.

Human Physiology in Extreme Environments is the one publication that offers how human biology and physiology is affected by extreme environments while highlighting technological innovations that allow us to adapt and regulate environments. Covering a broad range of extreme environments, including high altitude, underwater, tropical climates, and desert and arctic climates as well as space travel, this book will include case studies for practical application. Graduate students, medical students and researchers will find Human Physiology in Extreme Environments an interesting, informative and useful resource for human physiology, environmental physiology and medical studies.

Leading researchers are specially invited to provide a complete understanding of a key topic within the multidisciplinary fields of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology. In a form immediately useful to scientists, this periodical aims to filter, highlight and review the latest developments in these rapidly advancing fields.

First published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The Third World Congress of Science and Football was held in Cardiff, Wales in April 1995. The aim of the conference was to continue to bridge the gap between the theory and practice of the various branches of football and increase the awareness of the value of a scientific approach to these games. These aims and the outcomes of the conference are reflected in this third volume of Science and Football. The volume is divided into eight parts, each part containing a group of papers that are related by theme or disciplinary approach. Metabolism and nutrition, football training, match analysis, medical aspects of football and psychology and football behaviour are just a few of the areas covered in this comprehensive, in-depth volume that has been fully edited and revised. The conclusions drawn during the congress represent an invaluable practical reference for coaches, scientists, players, managers, and all those involved in the many football codes.

This is the loose-leaf version of Biomechanics of Sport and Exercise, Fourth Edition With Web Resource, which offers students a lower-price printed version of the text. Other binding options are also available. A standout among introductory biomechanics texts, Biomechanics of Sport and Exercise, Fourth Edition With Web Resource, takes a unique approach to introducing exercise and sport biomechanics. Using simple terms, the book presents mechanics before functional anatomy, helping students first understand external forces and their effects on motion; then explores how the musculoskeletal system responds and generates its own internal forces to maintain position; and finally shows how to apply biomechanical principles to analyze movement and ultimately improve performance. The fourth edition expands its commitment to enabling students to discover the principles of biomechanics through observation. Easy-to-understand experiments are presented for students to try in the classroom or on their own. Sample problem sidebars guide students through choosing the appropriate equation to determine the forces acting or motion occurring in a specific scenario and then helps them solve the equation. This practical approach-combining clear illustrations, sample calculations, and encouragement for active learning-helps students develop a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanical concepts. In addition to careful updates throughout the book, other new enhancements in the fourth edition include the following: New content explores the technologies and devices available to coaches, athletes, and the general public to measure aspects of athletes' movements. New full-color art and diagrams enhance the text and help students visualize mechanics in real-world scenarios. Explanations of the equations used in the text make the content more accessible to students. New concept application boxes provide deeper analysis of the field use of biomechanics, with topics such as the Magnus effect in baseball pitching, the wetsuit effect in triathlons, power output in cycling, centripetal acceleration when running a curve, and the work-energy principles in modern shot putting. Other learning aids include bold key terms, chapter objectives, and a guide to key equations and abbreviations. The chapters include a total of 18 sample problems that students can solve using a step-by-step process. A companion web resource offers additional review questions and problem sets. Biomechanics of Sport and Exercise, Fourth Edition, introduces the biomechanics of human movement in a clear and concise manner while promoting an active, engaged learning experience. Students will discover the principles of mechanics for themselves, resulting in a strong understanding of the subject matter.

Providing a nuanced study of the connections between sleep, circadian rhythms, and metabolis, this informative book examines how circadian actions affect the liver and adipose tissue, the brain, and metabolism. This important book introduces the reader to circadian rhythms in the body and the external cues that set them, discusses on a molecular and organ level how disrupting these clocks results in metabolic and sleep disorders, and looks at the clinical applications of circadian rhythms, with a focus on sleep.

The book covers a variety of important research in the field, including:

The power of computational biology to uncover new nodes in the network of circadian rhythms

Circadian rhythms as they relates to obesity

How late-night shift conditions impair the body s ability to keep time and promote metabolic diseases and how this can be mitigated by strategic planning of feeding times

The relationship between the suprachiasmatic nuclei and orexin neurons, demonstrating the elegant interplay between our biological clocks and wakefulness

How sleep disorders can result from irregular circadian rhythms and potential ways to diagnose this in individuals

How sleeping behaviors can disturb the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the repercussions of this disruption on female reproduction

How disruption of sleep can be clinically beneficial for depressed patients

How mental state is influenced by circadian rhythm"

The question of ""what is thought"" has intrigued society for ages, yet it is still a puzzle how the human brain can produce a myriad of thoughts and can store seemingly endless memories. All we know is that sensations received from the outside world imprint some sort of "molecular signatures" in neurons - or perhaps synapses - for future retrieval. What are these molecular signatures, and how are they made? How are thoughts generated and stored in neurons? The Biology of Thought explores these issues and proposes a new molecular model that sheds light on the basis of human thought. Step-by-step it describes a new hypothesis for how thought is produced at the micro-level in the brain - right at the neuron.

Despite its many advances, the neurobiology field lacks a comprehensive explanation of the fundamental aspects of thought generation at the neuron level, and its relation to intelligence and memory. Derived from existing research in the field, this book attempts to lay biological foundations for this phenomenon through a novel mechanism termed the ""Molecular-Grid Model"" that may explain how biological electrochemical events occurring at the neuron interact to generate thoughts. The proposed molecular model is a testable hypothesis that hopes to change the way we understand critical brain function, and provides a starting point for major advances in this field that will be of interest to neuroscientists the world over.
*Written to provide a comprehensive coverage of the electro-chemical events that occur at the neuron and how they interact to generate thought
*Provides physiology-based chapters (functional anatomy, neuron physiology, memory) and the molecular mechanisms that may shape thought
*Contains a thorough description of the process by which neurons convert external stimuli to primary thoughts

Oxygen-Ozone therapy is a complementary approach less known than homeopathy and acupuncture because it has come of age only three decades ago. This book clarifies that, in the often nebulous field of natural medicine, the biological bases of ozone therapy are totally in line with classical biochemistry, physiological and pharmacological knowledge. Ozone is an oxidizing molecule, a sort of super active oxygen, which, by reacting with blood components generates a number of chemical messengers responsible for activating crucial biological functions such as oxygen delivery, immune activation, release of hormones and induction of antioxidant enzymes, which is an exceptional property for correcting the chronic oxidative stress present in atherosclerosis, diabetes and cancer. Moreover, by inducing nitric oxide synthase, ozone therapy may mobilize endogenous stem cells, which will promote regeneration of ischemic tissues. The description of these phenomena offers the first comprehensive picture for understanding how ozone works and why. When properly used as a real drug within therapeutic range, ozone therapy does not only does not procure adverse effects but yields a feeling of wellness. Half the book describes the value of ozone treatment in several diseases, particularly cutanious infection and vascular diseases where ozone really behaves as a "wonder drug." The book has been written for clinical researchers, physicians and ozone therapists, but also for the layman or the patient interested in this therapy.

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an invaluable diagnostic tool in clinical neurology, not only in the evaluation of inflammatory, degenerative, and malignant diseases of the nervous system, but also in the diagnosis of all forms of cerebral and subarachnoidal bleedings. The CSF can be easily obtained by lumbar puncture and a set of basic analyses can be conducted using relatively simple laboratory methods. By combining different CSF parameters, a wide range of diagnostic entities can be identified. However, properly interpreting the test results requires a high level of expertise and cannot be achieved by just reporting on individual analytic values. This book covers essential aspects of cerebrospinal fluid analysis and its use in the diagnosis of common neurological diseases. The first part addresses preclinical aspects such as the history of CSF, as well as the anatomical, physiological, and biological background of this valuable fluid. In addition, CSF collection, its preanalytical and methodological implications, and the increasing number of disease-specific markers in CSF are discussed in detail. Lastly, CSF analyses are put into context with clinical syndromes, demonstrating their diagnostic value in neurological clinical practice. Cerebrospinal Fluid in Clinical Neurology helps readers understand the preanalytical and analytical aspects of CSF diagnostics and offers a valuable reference guide for interpreting CSF results during the clinical work-up for neurological patients.

This book covers the most important clinical and bench science aspects of metabolic syndrome. It will be of value to all of those seeking a comprehensive update on the metabolic syndrome. Furthermore, it will provide a broad basis for advancing research in the multiple intersecting disciplines encompassed by the metabolic syndrome.

"The Biological Action of Physical Medicine: Controlling the Human Body's Information System" challenges the contemporary way of thinking of diagnostics and therapy "from the outside." Drawing on 30 years of independent comprehensive research, this reference provides a universal and scientifically acceptable physiological theory, explaining the mode of action of methods of physical medicine as well as the underlying physiological mechanisms.

Scientific research described in this book explains the universal neurophysiological foundation of all the respective methods, including organ electrodermal diagnostics (OED), thermotherapy (heat, cryostimulation), phototherapy (infrared, ultraviolet, laser), ultrasound therapy, electrotherapy (from transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation to electromagnetic field therapies), magnetotherapy, and mechanical nerve stimulation (acupuncture, reflexive massage, cupping, high-pressure hydrotherapy). A better understanding of physical medicine's modes of action not only insures better clinical results, but also illuminates pain mechanisms and our understanding of the functioning of the nervous system.
Fully explains the important therapeutic modalities of genuine physical medicine as well as the underlying physiological mechanismsShows how to access and control the diagnostic information circulating in the sensory nervous system

Fundamental Biomechanics of Sport and Exercise is an engaging and comprehensive introductory textbook that explains biomechanical concepts from first principles, showing clearly how the science relates to real sport and exercise situations. The book is divided into two parts. The first provides a clear and detailed introduction to the structure and function of the human musculoskeletal system and its structural adaptations, essential for a thorough understanding of human movement. The second part focuses on the biomechanics of movement, describing the forces that act on the human body and the effects of those forces on the movement of the body. Every chapter includes numerous applied examples from sport and exercise, helping the student to understand how mechanical concepts describe both simple and complex movements, from running and jumping to pole-vaulting or kicking a football. In addition, innovative worksheets for field and laboratory work are included that contain clear objectives, a description of method, data recording sheets, plus a set of exemplary data and worked analysis. Alongside these useful features are definitions of key terms plus review questions to aid student learning, with detailed solutions provided for all numerical questions. No other textbook offers such a clear, easy-to-understand introduction to the fundamentals of biomechanics. This is an essential textbook for any biomechanics course taken as part of degree programme in sport and exercise science, kinesiology, physical therapy, sports coaching or athletic training.

Die vollstandig uberarbeitete 2. Auflage dieses Lehrbuchs spiegelt die Leitlinien des Curriculums angehender Pflegekrafte wider und enthalt ein neues Kapitel zu Wachstum und Entwicklung von Kindern und Jugendlichen. Daruber hinaus werden u. a. soziale, politische und Umwelteinflusse auf die Gesundheit und das Wohlergehen von Kindern betrachtet. Problem- und Fragenstellungen wurden aktualisiert. Jedes Kapitel bietet eine Vielzahl wirkungsvoller padagogischer Handreichungen, darunter Lernziele, klinische Betrachtungen, Koerperschemata und Fragen zur Selbstuberprufung des Lernstoffes. Dieses fuhrende Lehrbuch, das Studenten darauf vorbereitet, in ihrem zukunftigen Arbeitsalltag Kinder und Jugendliche wirkungsvoll zu betreuen, - beschaftigt sich mit den anatomischen und physiologischen Veranderungen mit Auswirkungen auf den Gesundheitszustand. - legt den Schwerpunkt durchgangig auf die klinische Anwendung und verbindet Anatomie und Physiologie mit haufigen Gesundheitsstoerungen bei Kindern. - folgt einem strukturieren und umfassenden Ansatz in Zusammenhang mit den theoretischen Grundlagen der Anatomie und Physiologie bei Kindern und bereitet die Studenten auf die Praxis vor. - bietet zusatzliche Online-Materialien, wie Multiple-Choice-Fragen, interaktive Flashcards, durchsuchbare Glossare und Literaturverweise. Fundamentals of Children and Young People's Anatomy and Physiology ist ein Muss fur angehende Pflegekrafte und Studenten medizinischer Fachrichtungen und ein nutzliches Referenzwerk fur Pflegekrafte, Pflegehelfer, Gesundheitsassistenten und weitere Berufsgruppen aus dem Fachgebiet.

This book underlines the importance of reciprocal interactions between probiotics and humans in terms of stress induction, epigenetic control of cellular responses, oxidative status, bioactive molecules biosynthesis, moonlighting proteins secretion, endogenous toxins neutralization, and several other biological functions. It explores how these responses can affect metabolism and metabolic-related disorders, gutbrain axis balance, mood, inflammatory, allergic and anti-infective reactions, cancer, and ageing. The book explores how probiotics create a dynamic and "fluid" network of signals able to control the balance between healthy and altered human status.