What explains the law-abidingness of late Victorian England? A number of modern historians contend that the answer lies with the effectiveness of policing, and with the imposition of a 'policeman-state' in Victorian and Edwardian England. Victor Bailey reveals that historians have overestimated the extent to which policemen were able or willing to intervene in the daily behaviour of inhabitants to suppress law breaking.

"Whatever it Took" is an account of the author's thirty year career in investigations and law enforcement, covering from l957 to 1987. The first part emphasizes the years LaMascus spent as Chief Deputy Sheriff of Knox County, Texas, where he did just about everything there was to do in the way of law enforcement in a rural North Texas County. The second part covers LaMascus's twenty year career with the US Border Patrol and concludes with his retirement in 1987.
LaMascus's cases range from drunk and disorderly conduct to capital murder and smuggling of aliens and narcotics.The incidents discussed include such diverse subjects as UFOs and little yellow flowers and range from the tragic to the hilarious as readers learn what it took to administer effective law enforcement in the days before the technology for in-depth DNA tests and such niceties as GPS and cell phones.

Media stories about National Security Agency (NSA) surveillance pertain to the unauthorised disclosures of two different intelligence collection programs. These programs arise from provisions of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA). However, they rely on separate authorities, collect different types of information, and raise different policy questions. This book provides background and issues for Congress with NSA surveillance leaks; provides a primer on some of the fundamental aspects of the security clearance process, using a 'frequently asked questions' format; discusses criminal prohibitions on the publication of classified defence information; the legal framework of the protection of classified information; and practices and proposals of the protection of classified information by Congress.

Notting Hill is one of the most sought after locations in London. But its progress from 'ghetto' to gentrification spans half-a-century within which it was one of the most turbulent places in Britain - plagued by decline, disadvantage, unsolved killings, riots, illegal drugs, underground bars (or 'shebeens'), prostitution, 'no-go areas' and racial tension. It was also populated by characters such as self-styled community organizer Frank Crichlow, slum landlord Peter Rachman, Christine Keeler, the Angry Brigade, 'hustlers' such as 'Lucky' Gordon and Johnny Edgecombe, the activist Michael X (later executed in Trinidad) and the occasional radical lawyer. It was the location of the racist murder of Kelso Cochrane, the litigation-minded Mangrove Restaurant, the brief surge of Black Power in the UK and most notably the iconic Notting Hill Carnival with its heady mix of festivity, excitement, street crimes, potential for disorder and confrontations with the police. So what was it like operating in this 'Symbolic Location'? In this book, Tony Moore, one of those in charge of policing Notting Hill, shows how the area continually adapted to challenges that first began after the Empire Windrush arrived in England carrying immigrants who were initially met by signs saying 'No Coloured', but for whom Notting Hill became an area of choice. It is a wide-ranging account of the factors in play at a time of unprecedented social change, told from the perspective of an 'insider', based on prodigious research including in relation to hitherto unpublished materials and personal communications.

This study of police governance draws on over ninety interviews conducted with Argentine police officers. In Argentina, a rising fear of crime has led to the politics of Seguridad, a concept that amalgamates personal safety with state security. As a new governing rationale, Seguridad is strengthening forms of police intervention that weaken the democracy. As they target crime, the police have the power to deny rights, deciding whether an individual is a citizen or a criminal suspect - the latter often being attributed to members of vulnerable groups. This study brings together key issues of governance that involve the police, democracy, and the quality of citizenship. It sheds light on how the police act as gatekeepers of citizenship and administrators of rights and law. Here, the rhetoric of Seguridad is seen as an ideological framework that masks inequality and unites "good" citizens. Seguridad shows how police practices should be part of our understanding of regimes and will appeal to anyone concerned with security forces, as well as researchers in democratic theory and Latin American politics.

A "New York Times Book Review" Notable Book
Since the 1960s, ideas developed during the civil rights movement have been astonishingly successful in the fight against overt discrimination. But can they combat the whole spectrum of social injustice---including conditions that aren't directly caused by bigotry? In "Rights Gone Wrong," Richard Thompson Ford argues that extremists on both sides of the political divide have hijacked civil rights for personal advantage, diverting our attention from serious social injustices. Is equality really served by endless litigating and legislating against every grievance or slight? Brilliantly argued, shrewd, and lively, "Rights Gone Wrong" offers "a crisp analysis of the limits of our civil rights laws and a prescription for how to move beyond them" ("Kirkus Reviews").

One moment, New Jersey state trooper Mike Russell was working undercover, playing the role of an up-and-coming mobster hoping to infiltrate a Mafia family crew. The next, he was lying facedown in an alley after being ambushed and shot in the back of the head by a mobster over a dispute.

Russell miraculously healed, and rather than press charges, he maintained his cover. Soon he had a stroke of good luck when he saved a man from an attack by two street thugs. The man he saved turned out to be Andy Gerardo, one of the ranking captains of the Genovese crime family. Quickly earning the trust of his new friend, Russell would orchestrate one of the biggest Mafia takedowns of all time.
Urged by his police handlers, Russell used his cover story---an ex-cop fired for excessive force who now made his living from an oil-delivery business---and street skills to assimilate into the Genovese crime family in New Jersey, ultimately leading to more than fifty arrests of mobsters, corrupt prison officials, and even a state senator. Straddling the thin line between collecting evidence and participating in the very crimes he was leaking to the cops, Russell consistently placed himself at risk--especially when his police handlers disregarded his wishes and his well-being, conducting premature raids on the gangsters. With his marriage suffering and his family in danger, Russell took extraordinary steps to ensure his financial security and safety, demanding better terms from the police and allowing a film crew to document the final moments of the epic bust for a documentary that was later sold to HBO.
A real-life version of "The Sopranos," "Undercover Cop" immerses readers in the colorful yet harrowing trials of a standout cop who faced the mob on his own terms, crippled organized crime in New Jersey, and forever redefined undercover law enforcement.

This is the true historical story of Deputy Chief Leroy Stover, Birmingham, Alabama's first Black Policeman. This book describes a journey of rejection, racism, and segregation that leads to acceptance, unity, respect and inspiration. Leroy's faith, courage, stamina, hard work and military, in his early years, helped to sustain him during his career for 32 years at the Birmingham Police Department. Bessie Stover Powell is the oldest niece of Deputy Chief Leroy Stover. They grew up in the same household. She researched many historical documents, and conducted extensive interviews with her Uncle in chronicling his journey. She is an Educator, Administrator, School Counselor, and Minister. She has a B.S. in Human Services-Urban Planning, Thomas Edison State; M.A. in Rehabilitation Counseling, S.C. State University; Ed. D. in Curriculum and Instruction, University of Sarasota. She was Professor of the Year, 2008. She is Associate Professor in the Education Department, South Carolina State University. Don L. Powell is a distinguished scholar, teacher and administrator. He has a B. A. in English, Miles College; M. A. in English, Atlanta University; and a Ph.D. in English, University of Illinois. He is the editor of Literary Perspectives, and other articles and documents. He was Professor of the Year, 2003, Claflin College. He is Chair of English and Mass Communication at Voorhees College. He retired from S.C. State University. Deputy Chief Stover has been described as a risk taker, trail blazer, intelligent, role model, effective administrator, trouble shooter, detail oriented, well dressed, and above all, fair and firm. He earned the B.S. Degree from the University of Alabama -Birmingham, in Criminal Justice. Stover received many honors and awards. He rose from being the first Black Policeman to Deputy Chief with thirty-two years of service in the Birmingham, Alabama Police Department. He retired in 1998.

What has mystery, romance, humor, action, intrigue, adventure and over 999,000 characters? The answer is "Breaking Tecumseh's Curse," the inspirational, informative and exciting memoir written by Jan Marie and Bob Ritter. It relates the couple's early years together when Bob was a special agent with the United States Secret Service in Washington, D.C. "It's the first Secret Service book told from a spouse's perspective," says author Jan Marie Ritter. Rich in emotion, "Breaking Tecumseh's Curse" is the heartfelt love story of a young couple's journey through some extraordinary times. From 1840 to 1960, every United States president elected or reelected in a year ending in zero died in office. Of those seven presidents, four were assassinated. "Breaking Tecumseh's Curse" unfolds the real-life adventures of the U.S. Secret Service agent who tried to change tomorrow. Through enhanced protective methods and procedures, Secret Service Agent Bob Ritter hoped to prevent a similar fate for the president elected in 1980, Ronald Reagan. Some never before published information regarding the Reagan assassination attempt is revealed. There's also an exciting, historical look at assassination and the Secret Service including a provocative profile of accused JFK assassin Lee Harvey Oswald. "Breaking Tecumseh's Curse" spotlights a dangerous period for the Secret Service-from 1972-1982. During that time, five assassination attempts took place against persons protected by the USSS, more than any other era. The book presents the historic events of the time and a rare insider's look at the Secret Service. The little-known field of protective intelligence is featured. With hope for preventing future tragedies, some successful strategies for predicting dangerousness in individuals are also explored. Bob's mantra of "desperate people are dangerous people" and assessment techniques developed by him jump off the page at a time when violence, terrorism, and mass murders are all too often in the news. "We can change our tomorrows," declare the Ritters. Join Bob Ritter and his fellow agents for fun, adventure, and some sorrow too as they try to break Tecumseh's Curse.

The spotlight is suddenly on India Paramilitary and Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs). There are huge, varied, nuanced national security challenges at India doorsteps. Some of these challenges have confronted India for as long as its independence, if not earlier. Some have evolved over decades to now peak into criticalities viz, the Naxalite menace and the China Pakistan two front threat, where for the first time, both of India neighbours have joined hands in Pakistan Occupied Kashmir. India PMF and CAPF, therefore, are now the pivot and lodestar of India counter to its gargantuan national security challenges.

Effective police leaders become adept at responding to challenge. Like other organisations, police agencies must balance constancy and predictability with adaptation and change. Even as they strive to standardise operations, most police leaders recognise the fluid context in which their agencies operate. They also understand that there are forces to which police organisations must adapt and evolve in order to remain effective in a changing world. It is those forces that drive organisational change and create new models for conducting the business of policing. This book examines the new paradigms and perspectives of modern policing.

This book provides an overview of instances in which the United States has used its armed forces abroad in situations of military conflict or potential conflict or for other than normal peacetime purposes. A survey of past U.S. military ventures abroad, without reference to the magnitude of the given instance is discussed with a focus on military deployments in multinational operations associated with NATO or the United Nations; U.S. military presence in Okinawa and the Futenma base controversy; and U.S. defence deployments in Guam.

A data security breach occurs when there is a loss or theft of, or other unauthorized access to, sensitive personally identifiable information that could result in the potential compromise of the confidentiality or integrity of data. This book provides an overview of state security breach notification laws applicable to entities that collect, maintain, own, possess, or license personal information. This book describes information security and security breach notification requirements in the Office of Management and Budget's "Breach Notification Policy," the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH), and the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA).

Trafficking in persons, or human trafficking, refers to the subjection of men, women, and children to exploitative conditions that can be tantamount to slavery. Reports suggest that human trafficking is a global phenomenon, victimizing millions of people each year and contributing to a multi-billion dollar criminal industry. It is a centuries-old problem that, despite international and U.S. efforts to eliminate it, continues to occur in virtually every country in the world. Human trafficking is also an international and cross-cutting policy problem that bears on a range of major national security, human rights, criminal justice, social, economic, migration, gender, public health, and labour issues. This book examines the international dimensions and foreign policy issues for Congress of human trafficking.

Within the United States Code, is a statutory bill of rights for victims of crimes committed in violation of federal law or the laws of the District of Columbia. It defines victims as anyone directly and proximately harmed by such an offence, individuals and legal entities alike. Section 3771 of Title 18 directs the courts and law enforcement officials to see to it that the rights it creates are honoured. Both victims and prosecutors may assert the rights and seek review from the appellate courts should the rights be initially denied. The section vests no rights in the accused nor does it create cause of action damages in any instance where a victim is afforded less than the section's full benefits. This book discusses the crime victims' rights act and also provides assistance guidelines from the Department of Justice.

This book is an examination of the minimum performance standard developed in collaboration with the Office of Law Enforcement Standards to determine the requirements and test methods for the ballistic resistance of personal body armour intended to protect against gunfire. The standard discussed specifies the minimum performance requirements that equipment must meet to satisfy the requirements of criminal justice agencies and the methods that shall be used to test this performance. Body armour manufacturers and purchasers may use this standard to help determine whether specific armour models meet the minimum performance standards and test methods. The National Institute of Justice standards are subject to continued research, development, testing, review, and revision and are re-evaluated and modified as necessary.

In the years before Papua New Guinea became independent, Michael O'Connor was for nine years a district administrator - a kiap - in remote parts of one of the planet's most forbidding environments. His is a story not only of the extension of law and order and the development of representative government but also of the experience of his young family in a fascinating world. It is a story of life that lacked any kind of modern facilities in isolated areas where travel was mostly on foot through mosquito-ridden swamps to freezing mountain ridges. Above all, it is a story of a people whose material poverty was overlaid with their friendship and good humor.

The Robert T Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (the Stafford Act) authorises the President to issue major disaster or emergency declarations in response to catastrophes in the United States that overwhelm state and local governments. This book examines concerns expressed by policymakers and experts that current Stafford Act declarations are inadequate to respond to, and recover from, and presents the arguments for and against amending the act to add a catastrophic declaration amendment.

Shortly after noon on Tuesday, July 16, 2009, Henry Louis Gates, Jr., MacArthur fellow and Harvard professor, was mistakenly arrested by Cambridge police sergeant James Crowley for attempting to break into his own home. Charles Ogletree, one of the country's foremost experts on civil rights, uses this incident as a lens through which to explore issues of race, class, and crime, with the goal of creating a more just legal system for all. Working from years of research and based on his own classes and experiences with law enforcement, the author illuminates the steps needed to embark on the long journey toward racial and legal equality for all Americans.

Passenger rail systems are vital components of the nation's transportation infrastructure, encompassing rail transit and intercity rail. In the U.S., passenger rail systems provide approximately 14 million passenger trips each weekday, and commuters rely on these systems to provide efficient, reliable, and safe transportation. Terrorist attacks on passenger rail systems around the world, such as the March 2010 Moscow, Russia subway bombings and the July 2006 passenger train bombing in Mumbai, India, highlight the vulnerability of these systems. This book examines the latest technologies being implemented in passenger rail security and safety efforts including explosives detection and advanced imaging technologies.

Ours is a nation in the grip of a strange kind of mania. Why after President Reagan was shot was there virtually no handgun legislation? Why after the Columbine massacre in Littleton, Colorado, was nothing done to regulate the tools that children most frequently use to kill one another? Why was there no legislative response after a six-year-old in Flint, Michigan, shot a classmate with a .32 caliber "pocket rocket"? Tragedy follows tragedy, with twelve children shot dead every day in America, but guns remain less regulated than automobiles. Why? As authors Peter Harry Brown and Daniel G. Abel in this powerful book demonstrate, it is because of the terrible power of the gun coalition.

"Outgunned" begins with the story of Wendell Gauthier, the "master of disaster" attorney, who brought down the tobacco industry to the tune of billions and then turned his attention to guns. He struck fear into the hearts of the gun manufacturers as he set out to make gunmakers bear some liability for the killings caused by the often poorly made, inaccurate handguns they marketed to criminals. Coauthor Daniel G. Abel worked for Gauthier, along with other attorneys, as the gun-control campaign gathered momentum. This legal initiative seemed to be about to make history and change the face of violence in America, but sadly, Wendell Gauthier died of cancer before meaningful gun control could be established. More than thirty class-action suits against gun manufacturers now languish in courtroom paralysis while as many Saturday night specials as ever are being made. What happened? Brown and Abel demonstrate how the pro-gun forces once again curbed the will of a nation.

This book shows the enomous power of the NRA -- how it killed pending legislation in Congress, hijacked the Campaign Act to fund the George W. Bush presidential election victory, and eviscerated the American Shooting Sports Council. That association and the gun manufacturers actually wanted to compromise and agree to new handgun laws, implicitly accepting some liability, but the NRA leadership, with Charlton Heston as their president, crushed them. In "Outgunned, " Brown and Abel uncover how NRA lobbyists were instrumental in stopping Smith & Wesson in its tracks. They show how the tendrils of the NRA reach into the Christian Alliance and Republican Party, and how men like John McCain have fought back and been undermined. "Outgunned" reveals how the NRA began dealing with President George W. Bush when he was still governor of Texas -- prodding him into signing a shocking prohibition against the kind of suits Gauthier brought against the gun manufacturers.

"Outgunned" is the story of a legal crusade with up-close accounts of the people who fought every step of the way. For those who believe in the importance of stopping unnecessary bloodshed, this book is essential, powerful, and urgent.

Compton: the most violent and crime-ridden city in America. What had been a semi-rural suburb of Los Angeles in the 1950s became a battleground for the Black Panthers and Malcolm X Foundation, the home of the Crips and Bloods and the first Hispanic gangs, and the cradle of gangster rap. At the centre of it, trying to maintain order was the Compton Police Department, never more than 130-strong, and facing an army of criminals that numbered over 10,000. At any given time, fully one-tenth of Compton's population was in prison, yet this tidal wave of crime was held back by the thinnest line of the law - the Compton Police. John R. Baker was raised in Compton, eventually becoming the city's most decorated officer involved in some of its most notorious, horrifying and scandalous criminal cases. Baker's account of Compton from 1950 to 2001 is one of the most powerful and compelling cop memoirs ever written - an intensely human account of sacrifice and public service, and the price the men and women of the Compton Police Department paid to preserve their city.