Performance tasks are highly effective tools to assist you in implementing rigorous standards. But how do you create, evaluate, and use such tools? In this bestselling book, educational experts Charlotte Danielson and Pia Hansen explain how to construct and apply performance tasks to gauge students' deeper understanding of mathematical concepts at the early elementary level. You'll learn how to: Evaluate the quality of performance tasks, whether you've written them yourself or found them online; Use performance tasks for instructional decision-making and to prepare students for summative assessments; Create your own performance tasks, or adapt pre-made tasks to best suit students' needs; Design and use scoring rubrics to evaluate complex performance tasks; Use your students' results to communicate more effectively with parents. This must-have second edition is fully aligned to the Common Core State Standards and assessments and includes a variety of new performance tasks and rubrics, along with samples of student work. Additionally, downloadable student handout versions of all the performance tasks are available as free eResources from our website (www.routledge.com/97811389069891), so you can easily distribute them to your class.

Leading English in the Primary School is a comprehensive guide for both aspiring and experienced leaders of primary English. It supports you in navigating your way through the role and offers practical guidance to help you develop a clear understanding of how to improve the teaching of English in your school. Written by experts with extensive experience of both leadership and the primary classroom, it explores skills required for effective subject leadership while continually considering the specific implications for English. With action and reflection points throughout the book, it offers a detailed introduction to: the role of the English subject leader implementing strategy and vision adapting to new educational policy methods for leading teaching and learning how and why leaders evaluate and monitor progress contemporary changes to the curriculum. Rich case studies reveal how schools lead English in practice and provide real-life examples of English subject leaders' decision-making processes and actions. Grounding the subject leader role in the current curriculum, Leading English in the Primary School is a source of advice, support and inspiration for all professionals embracing the complex, challenging, yet fulfilling role of Primary English Leader.

This study examines the origins of geometry in and out of the intuitively given everyday lifeworlds of children in a second-grade mathematics class. These lifeworlds, though pre-geometric, are not without model objects that denote and come to anchor geometric idealities that they will understand at later points in their lives. Roth's analyses explain how geometry, an objective science, arises anew from the pre-scientific but nevertheless methodic actions of children in a structured world always already shot through with significations. He presents a way of understanding knowing and learning in mathematics that differs from other current approaches, using case studies to demonstrate contradictions and incongruences of other theories - Immanuel Kant, Jean Piaget, and more recent forms of (radical, social) constructivism, embodiment theories, and enactivism - and to show how material phenomenology fused with phenomenological sociology provides answers to the problems that these other paradigms do not answer.

English Grammar and Teaching Strategies aims to demystify grammar and equip any teacher to teach it in the classroom. Carefully set out for ease of reference, this book covers every aspect of grammar, from nouns, adjectives and verbs to punctuation and prepositions. Each grammatical term is clearly defined and accompanied by varieties of usage and teaching strategies, which can be easily extended according to the age and key stage of the pupil. These strategies are for both spoken and written language and can be used for a whole class, small groups, with those with special educational needs and with EAL learners. Featuring a brand new preface by Jo Shackleton, this Routledge Classic Edition is an indispensable resource for all teachers in both primary and secondary schools.

The book is unique in providing pedagogical examples and case studies of intersecting topics across European history education. The book is a result of a large-scale European Erasmus project between historians and researchers in history education and will be published open access. The book provides epistemological, methodological and content tools for the teaching of history in a way that promotes civic engagement, awareness of social issues and democratic values.

Jumpstart! Creativity contains over 70 games and activities that any primary teacher can use to quickly and easily boost students' creative and critical thinking skills, allowing their thinking to flourish. Now in its second edition, the book contains fresh material that will help children to engage with the new National Curriculum. Applicable across a wide age and ability range, Jumpstart! Creativity is designed to help children learn to generate, organise and refine their own ideas and to explore, question and connect knowledge presented to them in the classroom. Focusing on getting the children to do the thinking work, the jumpstarts cover: Creative thinking Creative questioning Creating reasoning Creative problem solving Creative wordplay Filled with practical, fun-packed and easy-to-do activities, Jumpstart! Creativity is an essential companion to any primary teacher looking to inspire creativity and independent thinking in their students.

Samuel Wilderspin became a household name in his own lifetime. Befriended by Dickens, lampooned by Cruikshank, his achievements discussed in Parliament, he was one of the best known educators of the 1830s and 1840s. However, Wilderspin's consistent opposition to denominational education combined with his liberal and advanced views made him unpopular with the Establishment. Samuel Wilderspin's fame declined after his retirement in 1847 but his reputation as an infant school educator has survived. Many of his ideas and practices have had a great influence on infant education. In this book, first published in 1982, Wilderspin's own story is placed in the context of this growing movement led by Owen, Buchanan and Oberlin, and it goes a long way towards reinstating him as one of the prominent figures in the early education movement. This title will be of interest to students of history and education.

Learn the principles of comprehensive professional development and motivate elementary school teachers to be more effective in the classroom! In Building Effective Professional Development in Elementary School, Judy Johnson presents a career-long and comprehensive approach to professional development that gives teachers the support they need to improve instruction and raise the levels of student achievement. Her book not only explains how to create and lead a successful PD program; it also offers practical advice for establishing a school culture that will encourage teachers to collaborate and self-motivate in an effort to improve instruction. Other topics include: Training to deepen content knowledge and expand the teaching repertoire; Identifying high-performing educators and helping them build upon their strengths; Using teaching demonstrations to enliven and diversify classroom practice; Creating an effective mentorship program that brings out the best in faculty members, regardless of experience level; Resolving problems with recruitment, dealing with disgruntled teachers, assessing teaching quality, and overcoming other obstacles preventing implementation of a comprehensive professional development program; And more!

This book features effective artistic practices to improve literacy and language skills for emergent bilinguals in PreK-12 schools. Including insights from key voices from the field, this book highlights how artistic practices can increase proficiency in emergent language learners and students with limited access to academic English. Challenging current prescriptions for teaching English to language learners, the arts-integrated framework in this book is grounded in a sense of student and teacher agency and offers key pedagogical tools to build upon students' sociocultural knowledge and improve language competence and confidence. Offering rich and diverse examples of using the arts as a way of talking, this volume invites teacher educators, teachers, artists, and researchers to reconsider how to fully engage students in their own learning and best use the resources within their own multilingual educational settings and communities.

Adopting a learner-centred approach that places an emphasis on hands-on child SL methodology, this book illustrates the practices used to teach young second language learners in different classroom contexts: (1) English-as-an-Additional-Language-or-Dialect (EAL/D) - both intensive EAL/D and EAL/D in the mainstream (2) Language-Other-Than-English (LOTE) (3) Content-and-Language-Integrated-Learning (CLIL), (4) Indigenous (5) Foreign-Language (FL). It will be particularly useful to undergraduate teachers to build upon the literacy unit they undertake in the first years of their course to explore factors that constitute an effective child SL classroom and, in practical terms, how to develop such a classroom. The pedagogical strategies for teaching young language learners in the six chapters are firmly guided by research-based findings, enabling not only pre-service teachers but also experienced teachers to make informed choices of how to effectively facilitate the development of the target language, empowering them to assume an active and effective role of classroom practitioners.

This second edition to Hidden Dangers to Kid's Learning: Parent Guide to Cope with Educational Roadblocks gives more insight into ways parents can understand and help their academically struggling child. Parents and their children can be empowered to recognize the perils and the pitfalls of our current educational crisis and take responsibility and control of their education before it is too late. We have new reasons to believe in our children and new possibilities to expect and help our children to be able to cope in our global community.

This book deals with reading authentic English picture books in the primary school EFL classroom in Germany. Questioning whether teachers and researchers underestimate young learners' competences in English as a foreign language, the author conducted a mixed methods study that investigated Year 4 EFL learners' reading of six different picture books. While focusing on the learners' reading comprehension and reading strategies, the study also explored the possible effects of regular reading on foreign language development. The results of the study suggest a greater focus on meaningful reading tasks in the primary school EFL classroom to create a challenging, authentic and individualised learning environment for young learners of English.

English Grammar and Teaching Strategies aims to demystify grammar and equip any teacher to teach it in the classroom. Carefully set out for ease of reference, this book covers every aspect of grammar, from nouns, adjectives and verbs to punctuation and prepositions. Each grammatical term is clearly defined and accompanied by varieties of usage and teaching strategies, which can be easily extended according to the age and key stage of the pupil. These strategies are for both spoken and written language and can be used for a whole class, small groups, with those with special educational needs and with EAL learners. Featuring a brand new preface by Jo Shackleton, this Routledge Classic Edition is an indispensable resource for all teachers in both primary and secondary schools.

Professionalism and Leadership in Early Childhood Education and Care explores the tension between what early years practitioners are expected to achieve, and the level of expertise and understanding required to underpin this. It examines the impact of recent policies on the agency of individual practitioners, and the culture and ethos of their settings, and questions the driving factors behind reforms to curriculum and practice and where this locates practitioners and their provision. Bringing together the latest research and ideas on professionalism and leadership, the book explores how professional status is understood and acquired and what makes this problematic in ECEC. It explores the impact of different leadership approaches, what needs to be challenged and sets out how the workforce might assert its own identity and values and continue to advocate for the needs of young children. Including case studies to illustrate the lived experiences of individual practitioners as they worked towards becoming graduate professionals, this will be valuable reading for early years professionals engaged in undergraduate and postgraduate study and those researching policy development and professional identity within ECEC.

* Features ready-to-use activities and lesson plans that will inspire and delight students * Addresses the interests of Gen Z and GenAlpha, with activities on creating gadgets, TV simulations, Pokemon parodies, smartphone responses, and more * Standards- and grade-level aligned

Originally published in 1998. This book presents a model of social-contextual influences on children's literacy and literate language. Literate language is similar to the language teachers use and to the language used in reading books for young children. Based on a longitudinal study in homes and schools, the authors here present the results of how diverse and close social relationships influence children's literacy learning as they progress through the first three years of formal schooling, and discuss implications for teaching practice. Different types of reading matter in the home are examined and it is suggested that peers are helpful to the learning of literacy. Rather than separate friends as often happens in the classroom, this book suggest that interaction should be encouraged. It will be of interest to researchers and students of developmental and educational psychology, and to anyone interested in early cognitive and social development.

Originally published in 1977. Learning to read is probably the central educational achievement of any child's life. It is also a central concern for parents and teachers. Leila Berg, known for her work in children's literature, believes that the enjoyment of books and the acquisition of reading and writing is not primarily an academic or a technical skill, but grows from a warmly physical and emotional base of shared enjoyment with another human being. This book traces the varied ways that babies learn to communicate, and discusses the place of books in the lives of different groups in the community. It examines the types of books used in school, and demonstrates that, in many cases, books themselves provide the major inhibition to the development of reading through their stilted and often formalistic vocabulary. The author's aim is that all children's first experience of reading should be a loving and sensuous one, so that they can come to discover the power of books themselves.

Drama as a process-centred form is a popular and valued methodology used to develop thinking and learning in children, while theatre provides a greater focus on the element of performance. In recent years, offering drama and theatre as a shared experience is increasingly used to engage children and to facilitate learning in a drama classroom. Using drama and theatre as a central component with children, this book is an amalgamation of theory, research and practice from across the globe offering insights into differing educational contexts. Chapters provide an exploration of the methodologies and techniques used to improve drama in the curriculum, and highlight the beneficial impact drama has in a variety of classrooms, enriching learning and communication. Contributions from 17 authors, ranging from teachers in schools or universities, to researchers and drama practitioners, examine a variety of perspectives related to drama and children in an attempt to bridge gaps and move ahead collectively as educators, practitioners and researchers in drama and theatre. Divided into two parts, Part I reflects on the use of drama in its varied forms with children, while Part II focuses on projects and experiments with children using theatre in order to draw links between drama, theatre and pedagogy. Drama and Theatre with Children will be key reading for researchers, academics and postgraduate students in the fields of drama education, theatre education, curriculum studies and child development. The book will also be of interest to drama practitioners, school teachers and teacher training leaders.

This book provides an analytical exploration of the condition of teachers working in expanding school systems across the world, with a particular focus on the lives of women teachers in rural Sub-Saharan Africa. Drawing from award-winning research, it looks beyond the official portrayals of teachers' lives in order to better understand the reality of the contexts in which teachers live and work. Positioning Amartya Sen's capability approach at the heart of the study, each chapter considers documentary evidence alongside ethnographic research from rural, remote and under-resourced schools in Ghana, Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa and Sudan. Interweaving rich narratives from teachers in a variety of contexts, the book proposes a concept of professional capability and examines female teachers' agency to pursue and achieve this in their classrooms. This key examination challenges existing notions of 'quality education' and reveals insights into the broader purpose of schooling for rural communities. Quality Teaching and the Capability Approach will be of value to researchers, academics and postgraduate students in education, particularly those concerned with gender, development and teaching, as well as educationalists and policy makers concerned with education and development.

Originally published in 1989. This book, which was one of the first to take account of the recommendations of the Education Reform Act which came into effect in September 1988, provides a practical overview of primary school management from resources, which include staff, space, equipment and finance, to relationships with outside bodies, governors, parents, teachers, children and non-teaching staff.

This book aims to provide ready-made science lesson ideas that will considerably reduce the workload for many overburdened teachers. They can be easily adapted to suit varying levels of ability, and bring science to life. The structure of the book mirrors the QCA scheme of work and separates chapters into year groups following the prescribed units for each year. This resource will provide a strong base of accessible ideas to enhance science education in the primary classroom.

Originally published in 1977. This is a lively account of the day-to-day running of European schools based in five countries - France, West Germany, Italy, Spain and Portugal. It outlines the organisation of education in these countries, and examines aspects of curriculum, teaching methods, examinations, attitudes of teachers and pupils, buildings, equipment, out-of-school activities, pastoral care, discipline and rules and depicts what it is like to be a pupil or teacher in a European school. The schools discussed are mainly primary and lower secondary grades - the basic compulsory education of each country. Details of working hours, programmes and curricula which are, notably, often government controlled, are given in Appendices. But the author stresses that his aim throughout has been to show how individual schools work and adopt these rules to their own situation. He discusses the relative advantages and drawbacks of different educational systems, and draws his own conclusions about the favourable impressions he gained from many schools and the Awful Warning he saw in a few. This survey throws as much light on schools at home as on those in Europe and suggests that we have a good deal to learn from our neighbours.

The Neuroscience of the Developing Child informs Early Years (EY) students, practitioners and parents about the fundamental importance of self-regulation (SR) as a critical skill for young children to develop if they are to go on to lead happy and fulfilled lives. Packed with accessible information concerning the neuroscience of early brain development alongside real-life case studies, this book clearly demonstrates how to put SR theory into action across educational and home settings. Dr Conkbayir draws upon a wide range of resources to show readers how they can nurture SR through their daily interactions with children and the environment and experiences they offer them. Comprehensive and engaging chapters cover topics such as: Examining what exactly SR is (and what it is not) Co-regulation's critical role in enabling SR to occur Exploring the developing brain The importance of sensory integration as part of SR Using relational approaches to nurture behaviour in the classroom and at home The wider global role of SR in creating a sustainable future. With real-life case studies and reflective questions in every chapter, this book is essential reading for students and practitioners within the EY sector, as well as anyone beyond the sector wanting to develop their understanding of SR and how to apply it for themselves and others.

First published in 1931, the original blurb reads: "A practical handbook for those who are engaged in teaching elementary biology (Nature Study) to children of 10-13 years. Part I is devoted to general methods of teaching the subject. Part II consists of subject matter suitable for lessons, together with suggestions as to practical work and classroom procedure." It was hoped that this work would help the move away from the tradition, still prevalent at the time, where observation of minute details and absence of associated physiological work left the children with little interest in the subject. This book would contribute to a type of teaching where more regard was paid to the 'livingness' of the organism, resulting in the deepening of the pupil's enjoyment of the beauty of animate nature. Today it can be read in its historical context.