Fundamentals of Governmental Accounting and Reporting features the foundational tenets of governmental accounting and reporting in today's environment. Featuring updated accounting for GASB Statement No. 84, and fiduciary activities, this work reviews underlying concepts and shows how they are applied through real-life examples of CAFR, financial statements and updates of recent GASB standards.Key areas covered include: The governmental environment and GAAP Fund accounting and the financial reporting model Budgeting MFBA Revenues and expenditures Governmental, proprietary, and fiduciary funds Government-wide financial statements CAFR Special purpose governments Deferred outflows of resources and deferred inflows of resources

The first of a three-volume series on the interaction of the US and China in different regions of the world, China, the United States, and the Future of Central Asia explores the delicate balance of competing foreign interests in this resource-rich and politically tumultuous region. Editor David Denoon and his internationally renowned set of contributors assess the different objectives and strategies the U.S. and China deploy in the region and examine how the two world powers are indirectly competitive with one another for influence in Central Asia. While the US is focused on maintaining and supporting its military forces in neighboring states, China has its sights on procuring natural resources for its fast-growing economy and preventing the expansion of fundamentalist Islam inside its borders. This book covers important issues such as the creation of international gas pipelines, the challenges of building crucial transcontinental roadways that must pass through countries facing insurgencies, the efforts of the US and China to encourage and provide better security in the region, and how the Central Asian countries themselves view their role in international politics and the global economy. The book also covers key outside powers with influence in the region; Russia, with its historical ties to the many Central Asian countries that used to belong to the USSR, is perhaps the biggest international presence in the area, and other countries on the region's periphery like Iran, Turkey, Pakistan, and India have a stake in the fortunes and future of Central Asia as well. A comprehensive, original, and up-to-date collection, this book is a wide-ranging look from noted scholars at a vital part of the world which is likely to receive more attention and face greater instability as NATO forces withdraw from Afghanistan.

What would Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Lincoln, the Roosevelts, Truman, and Eisenhower have done about today's federal debt crisis?America's Fiscal Constitution tells the remarkable story of fiscal heroes who imposed clear limits on the use of federal debt, limits that for two centuries were part of an unwritten constitution. Those national leaders borrowed only for extraordinary purposes and relied on well-defined budget practices to balance federal spending and revenues. That traditional fiscal constitution collapsed in 2001. Afterward,for the first time in history,federal elected officials cut taxes during war, funded permanent new programs entirely with debt, grew dependent on foreign creditors, and claimed that the economy could not thrive without routine federal borrowing.For most of the nation's history, conservatives fought to restrain the growth of government by insisting that new programs be paid for with taxation, while progressives sought to preserve opportunities for people on the way up by balancing budgets. Virtually all mainstream politicians recognized that excessive debt could jeopardize private investment and national independence.With original scholarship and the benefit of experience in finance and public service, Bill White dispels common budget myths and distills practical lessons from the nation's five previous spikes in debt. America's Fiscal Constitution offers an objective and hopeful guide for people trying to make sense of the nation's current, most severe, debt crisis and its impact on their lives and our future.

This book summarizes the key findings and policy recommendations of a comprehensive diagnosis of a Public Expenditure Management and Financial Accountability Review (PEMFAR). The PEMFAR is an exercise which integrates the analysis of a Public Expenditure Review, a Country Financial Accountability Assessment, and a Country Procurement Assessment Report. The analysis focuses on the linkages between public finance, growth, and poverty. Over the past years, Haiti has made good progress in reforming its public financial management system. However, significant challenges remain to improve efficiency, transparency, and accountability. Moreover, the growth-poverty response of the improved system has been limited. Haiti remains one the poorest countries in the world. Accelerating growth and reducing poverty will require bold policy actions with a strong emphasis on fiscal reforms. However, even with the best fiscal reforms, it is unlikely that Haiti will achieve in the near future the high growth rates required to significantly move the country out of the poverty trap. More foreign aid and predictable flows are needed to support economic growth and help overcome some of the vicious dynamic circles that lock Haiti in a low growth/high poverty equilibrium, and improve living standards. In this context, effective management of aid flows is crucial to ensure that their potential growth-enhancing, poverty-reducing, and human development-improving effects materialize.

Sustainable environments, global networks, ethical financial reporting, and emancipatory accounting are increasingly shaping social and accounting dialogue. This volume contributes to a visionary accounting practice in its expansive coverage of issues and geographical perspectives prompting changes in social beliefs and levers of power. Examining these concerns with surveys and contributions from Australasia, North America, Europe, and Africa, the authors expose significant influences of the World Bank, the nature of global social investment funds, and how social responsibility is defined, perceived, and managed. Corporate and government accountability, enhancing the integrity of audited financial statements, and reforming balances of nature and power, are among the dialogue in this volume. Revealing the interconnectedness of accounting practice, corporate social responsibility, technology, the natural environment, spirituality and behavior, the authors provide new visions and potential for enhancing social policies and economic justice.

New Accounting and Management challenges for Public Entities require a continuous introduction of innovations and reforms in accordance with new international trends, techniques and experiences. In order to carry this out, extensive knowledge of Innovations in Government Accounting and Reporting, International Standards, Performance Evaluation Developments and relevant national experiences will without doubt be indispensable.
The purpose of this book is to present an updated overview of the most useful and innovative International Experiences in Governmental Accounting, Reporting and Control. The content of the volume is the result of high-quality contributions from prestigious researchers and public sector professionals, presenting a perspective on the current state and foreseeable evolution of International Government Accounting.
The book is primarily aimed at public sector managers, accountants and researchers, although financial analysts, administrators, auditors, and graduate students will also find it highly relevant.

Quantile regression has emerged as an essential statistical tool of contemporary empirical economics and biostatistics. Complementing classical least squares regression methods which are designed to estimate conditional mean models, quantile regression provides an ensemble of techniques for estimating families of conditional quantile models, thus offering a more complete view of the stochastic relationship among variables. This volume collects 12 outstanding empirical contributions in economics and offers an indispensable introduction to interpretation, implementation, and inference aspects of quantile regression.

Managing for Results is a model of organizational reform that utilizes performance indicators, strategic planning, and benchmarks. The model focuses on linking these systems to improve performance and public accountability. This book studies the implementation of Managing for Results on six states identified by the U.S. General Accounting Office as leaders of internal reinvention efforts. Government and business practitioners, as well as scholars and researchers of public administration and policy, will find this book useful in assessment, selection, and measurement of state-level reform efforts.

This seventh volume in the series deals with a variety of topics in the field of advances in public interest accounting.

A unique, clearly written, and logically organized volume, Public Finance Administration, Second Edition provides a comprehensive focus on the management of public funds. Ideal for the nonexpert with a public administration background, this easy-to-read new edition is updated in content and examples. Authors B. J. Reed and John W. Swain begin with a broad introduction to public finance administration, including its relationship to public budgeting, the practice of public sector accounting, and the economic concepts of money and value. Next, they cover revenues and expenditures, including how they are administered and the importance of forecasting and cost analysis. Later chapters deal with such technical areas as managing cash flow, investment, debts, risk, purchasing, capital budgets, and the financial components of human resource management. The volume includes a look at the evaluative side of public finance such as auditing, assessing financial conditions, and the emerging use of development finance. In addition, the authors point to relevant web sites on the Internet for more information on public finance administration. Filling a need for courses in public finance administration, this volume provides a public administration based approach to the subject with a highly practical orientation.

This sixth volume in the series deals with such topics as managing the organizational environment, the values of accounting and education, segregation in the professions and expectations of professional success in accounting.

Volume 5 in a series which aims to articulate allegiances underlying accounting practice and research; increase the social self-awareness of accountants; and, encourage them to form new alliances and assume responsibility for the profession's social role.

Government auditing in China has been in place for 3000 years, and it is compulsory within the management of the financial sectors to ensure the country is run well from the perspective of the public economy. In recent years, challenges within China around the promotion of anti-corruption have provided fresh reasons to study government auditing in China. As China was the first country worldwide to introduce the government audit, it provides an interesting lens to study Chinese history, transitional processes and the changes of the audit's function. As China is the second biggest and fasting growing economy in the world, it also provides readers with the opportunity to explore how the government audit works in China since their WTO accession in 2002. Since China's leadership have conducted an anti-corruption campaign nationwide, it also provides a timely opportunity to study the audit in line with conversations on fighting corruption within the financial sector. The book provides three practical ways to understand detailed research on the content, form and measures of each of these paths, which will help inspire and guide thinking and decision-making within the levels of government, governmental organizations, non-governmental organizations and enterprises in the perspective of China's government audit. The book also expands the ideas of financial management, enriches the content and forms of administrative promotion of China's financial sector, and makes a positive contribution to improving the theory of China's government audit – all of which is conducive to accelerating the process of developing the capacity of China's financial sectors.

Inflation Targeting and Policy Rules is an essential book for understanding how Mexico's monetary policy has been evolving and functioning, from the beginning of the century to recent, highlighting the doctrine of policy rules and focusing on inflation targeting, both fundamental elements necessary to comprehend the operation of the main central banks of the world. The book is valuable because of its theoretical and empirical treatment applied to the policy rules and to inflation targeting, which range from their origin, criticism, development, controversies, evolution, and evaluation of the subject. It is accessible reading for anyone interested in approaching the subject of the monetary policy of a developing country. It is, without a doubt, a relevant addition to the bank of knowledge on the monetary reality of any country that has recently adopted inflation targeting and use a policy rule based on interest rate as instrument, as well as the flexible currency exchange regimen. It will become an essential source for future investigations in Mexico and other countries in similar situations. The book: Explains the analytical framework that consists of developing conditional probability as essential for rational expectations hypothesis Presents a synthetic but detailed exposure of the approach of inflation targeting, especially based on the consensus among monetary authorities in the pursuit of low and stable inflation, detailing some of the most relevant experiences as well as their main objections. Reviews the process origin-evolution of monetary policy rules, Assesses the actions of the Banco de Mexico in terms of the implementation of the approach of inflation targeting Summarizes the highlights of Mexico's monetary policy and offers conclusions The book is suitable for macroeconomics courses and courses dealing with developing economies as well as for financial professionals seeking recent and trends.

From small law offices to federal agencies, all entities within the justice system are governed by complicated economic factors and face daily financial decision-making. A complement to Strategic Finance for Criminal Justice Organizations, this volume considers the justice system from a variety of economic and financial perspectives and introduces quantitative methods designed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations in both the non-profit and for-profit sectors. Using only a minimum of theory, Economic and Financial Analysis for Criminal Justice Organizations demonstrates how to make decisions in the justice system using multiple financial and economic models. Designed for readers with little knowledge of advanced mathematics, quantitative analysis, or spreadsheets, the book presents examples using straightforward, step-by-step processes with Excel and Linux Calc spreadsheet software. A variety of different types of decisions are considered, ranging from municipal bond issuance and valuation necessary for public revenues, pension planning, capital investment, determining the best use of monies toward construction projects, and other resource planning, allocation, and forecasting issues. From municipalities and police departments to for-profit prisons and security firms, the quantitative methods presented are designed to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of all organizations in the justice domain.

The second edition of Public Sector Accounting and Accountability in Australia is a comprehensive resource on public sector accountability for those who work in the public service, elected representatives and students of the public sector. It's a wide-ranging, up-to-date resource on the practices and institutional arrangements of public sector accountability and the principles that drive public sector reforms in Australia. Like the first edition, it is the authority on Australian public sector accounting and accountability. The new edition introduces more critique of controversial or failed public sector reforms. The authors highlight the problem of applying private sector solutions to public sector problems. This is pertinent at a time when the importance of public financial accountability is underscored as profligate states throughout the world struggle to save not only their economies, but the very fabric of their societies.

Future pension provision is highly controversial; it juxtaposes the challenges of old age security with the exigencies of global finance. Clearly, demography, finance and public accountability are crucial to current political debate. But there are other important issues. The problems of paying for the retirement of the baby boom generation has exposed profound differences in the advanced economies in terms of their financial institutions and infrastructure. Pension security has been re-conceptualised, in part, as an issue of global finance and international comparative advantage bringing with it a re-definition of risk and pension security. This book examines how major continental European and Anglo-American countries are dealing with these pressures, to what extent these responses are beginning to redraw the boundaries between public and private responsibility for pension security, and what the implications of public-private partnerships are for the financial organisation and infrastructure of European and global financial markets, and the nation-based welfare state. The contributors, all involved in policy development in their respective countries, assess the comparative strengths and weaknesses of recent pension initiatives in the light of continuing fiscal constraints and current market instabilities. Using a tight comparative framework, the book questions assumed divisions between states and markets, as new divisions between public and private spheres of pension responsibility require new regulatory machinery to guarantee future security. This book provides a vital reference point in understanding pension security in the 21st century for academics and postgraduates in the social sciences, economics and finance, geography, politics and social policy, policy makers in OECD countries and industry professionals.