"Needed historical perspective . . . thorough documentation . . . excellent."
--" Library Journal"

"The book provides some very interesting examples of early legal standards for prosecuting rape charges and charges of child sexual abuse in the United States."
-- "Archives of Sexual Behavior"

"Merril Smith's edited volume provides numerous articles that will be of great worth to the historical and feminist communities. The range or articles in this volume goes beyond the usual "hotspots" while still allowing for important comparisons."
--"Journal of Social History"

A group of men rape an intoxicated fifteen year old girl to "make a woman of her." An immigrant woman is raped after accepting a ride from a stranger. A young mother is accosted after a neighbor escorts her home. In another case, a college frat party is the scene of the crime. Although these incidents appear similar to accounts one can read in the newspapers almost any day in the United States, only the last one occurred in this century. Each, however, involved a woman or girl compelled to have sex against her will.

Sex without Consent explores the experience, prosecution, and meaning of rape in American history from the time of the early contact between Europeans and Native Americans to the present. By exploring what rape meant in particular times and places in American history, from interracial encounters due to colonization and slavery to rape on contemporary college campuses, the contributors add to our understanding of crime and punishment, as well as to gender relations, gender roles, and sexual politics.

Rape Culture and Spiritual Violence examines sexual violence against women, how religion and society contribute to a rape culture, and the extreme suffering endured by rape victims as a result. Using the testimony of women who have experienced both rape and the consequences of rape culture-from a range of religious, cultural, ethnic, and social contexts-the book explores both the suffering and healing of rape victims from World War II to today. Among the issues considered are victim invisibility, the inability to express pain, and the tendency to assume shame and self-blame. The study examines the role of society in shaping and reinforcing these responses, contributing to traumas that can lead to spiritual death. The book also explores possibilities for multiple spiritual resurrections within the practice of daily life, encouraging both individual healing and social change.

Sexual Abuse in Residential Treatment provides comprehensive information on behavioral manifestations of sexual abuse in residential settings and the safety and developmental needs, staff training, and management strategies necessary to protect both residents and staff. Chapters containing vivid case studies that describe problematic episodes, discussions of research projects, and proposals for agency sexuality policies, safe facility management, and staff training contribute to a balanced presentation of the framework in which sexual manifestations are embedded.Professionals in residential treatment will learn how to identify the most common sexual, sexualized, and sexually abusive behaviors and from whence they derive. Sexual Abuse in Residential Treatment provides specific suggestions for policy and program design, recommends operational framework for safe management of treatment facilities, and describes practical staff supervision and training modules. With an emphasis on clinical practice, descriptions of common problems and proposed solutions together with a broad philosophical basis to guide policy setting will benefit professionals in agencies interested in developing customized organizational and treatment plans. Practitioners, policymakers, and decision makers in residential programs, inpatient psychiatric units, community-based group homes, court-related youth shelters, and correctional facilities for the rehabilitation of behaviorally disturbed youth presenting sexual problems will find a wealth of information on a wide range of topics such as: normal, pathological, and abusive sexual behavior in residential treatment staff responses to sexual behavior, training, and supervision needs frequency and quality of sexual behaviors of latency-aged children safe management to prevent toxic manifestations of sexuality management of sex abuse allegations in the residential program recommendations for agency sexuality policies selection criteria and program features for specialized offender treatment the heterogeneity of phenomena classified as "sex abuse" values conflicts involved in the design of programs and policiesSexual Abuse in Residential Treatment provides descriptive commentary concerning sexual behavior of youth in residential treatment from various points of view including development, values, therapeutic milieu, safety, training, and clinical experience. Such a diverse approach makes this a valuable guide for practitioners, as well as program directors, unit supervisors, case managers, staff trainers, faculty in child care studies, and child protective services staff.

This work tackles the issues that staff and management of international schools need to address in order to ensure that their teaching and organization is of a high standard and quality. It contains a wide range of contributions from international school experts around the world.

Arguing that law must be looked at holistically, this book investigates the 'hidden gender' of the so-called neutral or objective legal principles that structure the law addressing violence against women. Adopting an explicitly feminist perspective, it investigates how legal responses to violence against women presuppose, maintain and perpetuate a certain context that may not in fact reflect women's experiences. Carline and Easteal draw upon relevant legislation, case law and secondary studies from a range of territories, including Australia, England and Wales, the United States, Canada and Europe, to contextualize and critique different policy responses. They go on to examine the potential and limits of law, making recommendations for best practice models of policymaking and law reform. Aiming to help improve government, community and legal responses to women who experience violence, Shades of Grey - Domestic and Sexual Violence Against Women: Law Reform and Society will assist law-makers, academics, policymakers and a wider audience in understanding the complexities of violence against women.

Developmental Trauma offers a comprehensive introduction to the research findings that help us understand the effects on human development of early childhood trauma and adaptation to stress. It explains how DTD differs from PTSD and emerges from a toxic seed planted at the beginning of an individual's lifespan development. This important volume examines relational traumas and adverse childhood experiences, such as exposure to family and community violence, polyvictimization (multiple repeated childhood traumas), and disruptions to parent-child bonds, which lay the foundation for future relationships. The volume considers how DTD affects self-regulation capacities, identity development, self-esteem, and faith in oneself and others andincreases the likelihood of comorbidities including ADHD and autism spectrum disorders. Individuals with indications of developmental trauma face lifelong challenges in their ability to develop and maintain trusting relationships, to build and utilize healthy coping strategies, and to adjust to school and, eventually, the workplaceUniquely, Daniel Cruz goes beyond individual levels of analysis that focus almost exclusively on patients and explores toxic stress embedded in social systems and institutional policies and procedures that cause individuals to suffer, experience psychiatric and medical problems, and that lead to social and economic adversities such as poverty, homelessness, and involvement in criminal activity. Key topics explored include institutional betrayal, such as sexual assaults and workplace bullying, and judicial betrayal when failures from the legal system do not adequately protect victims of trauma, for example in cases of domestic violence. Developmental Trauma is for students of child and adolescent psychology, developmental psychology, clinical psychology, primary care and health psychology, education, social work, and urban studies. It is relevant for graduate students in applied fields such as clinical and counseling psychology, and those working with diverse children, and public health and policy.

Here are practical ideas and help for dealing with problems of sexuality in residential treatment settings. On a day-to-day level, difficulties can arise from the need for child care workers to maintain caring and personal relationships with children in the face of the children's and their own sexuality. Children themselves also may have difficulties in properly expressing their sexuality. The Management of Sexuality in Residential Treatment examines a broad range of problems that often occur and describes several treatment programs and strategies for coping with incidents of abuse or alleged abuse.Chapters in the book address issues pertinent for professionals working with children in residential treatment. Authors cover topics such as: residents'needs for love versus sexuality the impact of sexually stimulating materials erotic countertransference in a residential treatment center survey of minor sex problems in the milieu and how to respond to them personal relationships between residents and staffThe book also describes two treatment programs for abused or abusing children. The first is an eight week multimodal therapeutic program for adolescent girls who have been sexually abused, the other a course for sexually abusive boys that includes counseling, sex education, and journal writing. The Management of Sexuality in Residential Treatment is a valuable resource for the staff of residential treatment centers, group homes, residential schools, and hospital pediatric units who wish to understand how to deal more effectively with issues of sexuality and the children for whom they care.

In Sexual Aggression Against Children: Pedophiles' and Abusers' Development, Dynamics, Treatability, and the Law, Drs. Blackman and Dring use multiple psychoanalytic principles to answer, "Why do people sexually abuse children?" and "Why are most abusers male"? They address the legal and mental health professions' minimization of the horrific nature of child sexual abuse, explain how to assess pedophiles' treatability, and discuss cases of adolescent and adult predators. Also, developmental analysis of sexual predation is integrated with a review of judicial decisions regarding civil commitment and punishment of abusers. The authors suggest how courts, evaluators, and legislatures can preserve constitutional rights of sexual offenders while prioritizing protection of children.

In Sexual Aggression Against Children: Pedophiles' and Abusers' Development, Dynamics, Treatability, and the Law, Drs. Blackman and Dring use multiple psychoanalytic principles to answer, "Why do people sexually abuse children?" and "Why are most abusers male"? They address the legal and mental health professions' minimization of the horrific nature of child sexual abuse, explain how to assess pedophiles' treatability, and discuss cases of adolescent and adult predators. Also, developmental analysis of sexual predation is integrated with a review of judicial decisions regarding civil commitment and punishment of abusers. The authors suggest how courts, evaluators, and legislatures can preserve constitutional rights of sexual offenders while prioritizing protection of children.

For the beginning case worker or those who wish to know about the relevant issues without necessarily becoming directly involved, this little book provides a useful introduction. --Child & Family Behavior Therapy "The language is conversational, the style directive, addressing the reader personally and the instructions are explicit and stepwise. Following detailed preparation for the interview, there are good suggestions on how to help the child begin talking about any sexual abuse which she might have experienced. Avoidance of leading questions, with examples, is repeatedly advocated." --Danya Glaser in ACPP Review & Newsletter Taking a comprehensive look at a complex task, How to Interview Sexual Abuse Victims is an excellent introduction to the process of interviewing children and includes a special segment on the appropriate use of anatomical dolls. Marcia Morgan, cocreator of the dolls, walks the reader through an interview from beginning to end and provides information on how to create an environment intended to minimize the child's trauma as well as enhance the amount, quality, and validity of information obtained. The book examines problems professionals might encounter with young children and material on preinterview preparation. In addition, there are sections included that provide training exercises, a glossary, an annotated bibliography, and a listing of audiovisual resources. Based on the author's many years of experience, as well as case law, How to Interview Sexual Abuse Victims is ideally designed for use by professionals including police, social service workers, and prosecutors. "Overall, this brief book is a worthwhile contribution to the literature on the interviewing of child witnesses. . . . Those who use, or who are considering using, dolls should ensure that they are familiar with this book's contents." --Ray Bull, review in Expert Evidence: The International Digest of Human Behaviour Science and Law "Highly recommended." --Family Violence & Sexual Assault Bulletin Book Club

How can therapists deal effectively with children or adolescents who have been sexually abused but refuse to discuss their experiences? Working with children and adolescents who have been sexually abused presents innumerable challenges for the therapist. Not least among them is the reluctance of some children or adolescents to discuss the abuse. In Techniques and Issues in Abuse-Focused Therapy, author Sandra Wieland describes The Internalization Model, which provides a framework to assist the therapist in understanding the effects of sexual abuse on the child or adolescentÆs internal sense of self and world even when a child or adolescent will not talk about their sexual abuse. Methods of addressing and shifting these abuse-related internalizations within the therapy are described along with techniques such as imaging, genograms, and time-lines. Sexuality, a topic that has been overlooked in the extant research literature on sexually abused children and adolescents, is also explored. This book provides practitioners with ideas for responding to a child or adolescent who becomes sexual within a session and for helping the victim reconnect to his or her own healthy sexuality. Dissociation, ranging from occasional ôoff-in-a-dazeö to dissociated identities, is explored along with extensive therapeutic intervention options. Resistance by the child, by the parent, and by the therapist is also identified and discussed. The techniques and issues in this book are described clearly and succinctly. Case examples are used throughout the book to help therapists incorporate concepts in their own practice. In a final chapter, adolescents discuss their own experiences with therapy. Although Techniques and Issues in Abuse-Focused Therapy centers on children and adolescents, it remains relevant for therapists working with adults who experienced abuse children. This book provides new ideas for advanced practitioners as well as beginning therapists.

When two people form a relationship or marry, they begin to move towards one another with the expectation of closeness. The emotionality or intensity that accompanies this process, however, may result in fusion followed by a desperate need for space or distance. Intrusive Partners - Elusive Mates is the first book to deal exclusively with the pursuer-distancer interaction, and to focus significant attention on the emerging male pursuer-female distancer dynamic. This book revisits Fogarty's work, traces the concept over time and across different professional fields, and discusses in detail the concepts correlation with gender issues and social change. A detailed, step-by-step model of treatment to aid in de-escalating this potentially problematic style is also offered. The model in and of itself is unique because it integrates psychoanalytic conflict theory and psychodynamic systems theory into one treatment approach. This book is intended to offer the therapist a model for understanding and effectively discussing this dynamic, while at the same time allowing couples to read and explore it on their own.

In the newest edition of this classic text, veteran authors Barry and Emily McCarthy explain how desire, pleasure, and satisfaction can enrich your relationship. As the premier book on the subject, Sexual Awareness focuses on factors that promote and subvert healthy couple sexuality. Reading this book and partaking in the psychosocial skill exercises it contains will help couples learn how to value sexuality as a positive and satisfying part of their lives. Couples at any stage of their relationship will learn how to enhance sexual awareness, communication, feelings, and function. The result will be enhanced desire and eroticism that will help couples understand themselves and each other better.

What can we learn from inquiries into cases of fatal child abuse? Beyond Blame offers a new way of looking at such cases and shows that it is possible to draw important lessons from them. The authors, all three experienced in child protection work, summarise thirty-five major inquiries since 1973, setting them in their social context and discussing the implications both for practical work in the field and for future inquiries. They stress the need for those who work day to day in child protection to develop and apply a more sophisticated level of analysis to assessment and intervention. They identify common themes within abusing families, in the relationships between members of the professional networks, and in the interactions between the families and the professionals.

Although awareness of campus sexual assault is at a historic high, institutional responses to incidents of sexual violence remain widely varied. In this volume, a diverse mix of expert contributors provide a critical, nuanced, and timely examination of some of the factors that inhibit effective prevention and response in higher education. Chapter authors take on one of the most troubling aspects of higher education today, bridging theory and practice to offer programmatic interventions and solutions to help institutions address their own competing interests and institutional culture to improve their practices and policies with regard to sexual violence. The Crisis of Campus Sexual Violence provides higher education scholars, administrators, and practitioners with a necessary and more holistic understanding of the challenges that colleges and universities face in implementing adequate and effective sexual assault prevention and response practices.

"Flirting with Danger is well worth the read and is likely to stimulate lively discussion in the classroom. Phillips has a good ear for narrative and a keen sense of the uncertainties and competing forces that shape heterosexual relationships for contemporary young women."
--"Psychology of Women Quarterly"

"Based on in-depth individual and collective interviews with a racialy and culturally diverse sampe of college-aged women, Flirting with Danger sheds light on the cultural lenses through which young women interpret their sexual encounters and their experiences of male aggression in heterosexual relationships."
--"Adolescence"

In Flirting with Danger, Lynn M. Phillips explores how young women make sense of, resist, and negotiate conflicting cultural messages about sexual agency, responsibility, aggression, and desire. How do women develop their ideas about sex, love, and domination? Why do they express feminist views condemning male violence in the abstract, but often adamantly refuse to name their own violent and exploitive encounters as abuse, rape, or victimization?

Based on in-depth individual and collective interviews with a racially and culturally diverse sample of college-aged women, Flirting with Danger sheds valuable light on the cultural lenses through which young women interpret their sexual encounters and their experiences of male aggression in heterosexual relationships.

Phillips makes an important contribution to the fields of female and adolescent sexuality, feminist theory, and feminist method. The volume will also be of particular use to advocates seeking to design prevention and intervention programs which speak to the complex needs of womengrappling with questions of sexuality and violence.

Holographic Reprocessing (HR) is a cognitive-experiential psychotherapy based on Seymour Epstein's theory of personality, cognitive experiential self-theory (CEST). According to CEST, people have a natural adaptive system for processing information. If an emotionally distressing event is not fully processed, people may attempt to resolve the stuck point, known as emotional blockage, by unconsciously setting up situations that recreate the original experience. A reenactment can facilitate a healthy confrontation of the issue, but it is not uncommon that this reenactment serves to reinforce negative perceptions and behavioral reactions. HR gives clients an opportunity to gain a new awareness and understanding of their re-enactments, thereby facilitating a constructive reorganization of their perceptual, emotional and behavioral tendencies. The hologram is used as a model for describing a pattern of these re-enactments - as each experience is a whole experience unto itself as well as being a part of a larger whole, and each experience contains information consistent with the larger pattern. The experience is holographic, and is termed an experiential hologram. These experiential holograms are holistic, integrative, and unique in terms of existing constructs such as a schema, belief, expectation, self-fulfilling prophecy, sensitivity, or script - constructs that are largely cognitive and only part of the holographic picture. The hologram also activates an experiential reaction including affect, sensations, and associations. The model of the experiential hologram is intended to more closely explain human experience, as it is assumed that experience itself is processed in a complex array of cognitions, affective reactions, sensations and associations. Written by a clinical psychologist specializing in the trauma therapy, this volume will guide mental health professionals through the use of holographic reprocessing in their treatment of trauma victims, from sufferers of PTSD to rape victims.

"In "Rape and the Culture of the Courtroom," Taslitz (a former prosecutor) is concerned to show how and why police, prosecutors, judges, and defense attorneys use their discretion to circumvent legal reforms in rape law."
--"Hypatia"

Rape law reform has been a stunning failure. Defense lawyers persist in emphasizing victims' characters over defendants' behavior. Reform's goals of increasing rape report and conviction rates have generally not been achieved. In Rape and the Culture of the Courtroom, Andrew Taslitz locates the cause of rape reform failure in the language lawyers use, and the cultural stories upon which they draw to dominate rape victims in the courtroom.

Cultural stories about rape, Taslitz argues, such as the provocatively dressed woman "asking for it," are at the root of many unconscious prejudices that determine jury views. He connects these stories with real-life examples, such as the Mike Tyson and Glen Ridge rape trials, to show how rape stereotypes are used by defense lawyers to gain acquittals for their clients.

Building on Deborah Tannen's pathbreaking research on the differences between male and female speech, Taslitz also demonstrates how word choice, tone, and other lawyers' linguistic tactics work to undermine the confidence and the credibility of the victim, weakening her voice during the trial. Taslitz provides politically realistic reform proposals, consistent with feminist theories of justice, which promise to improve both the adversary system in general and the way that the system handles rape cases.

First Published in 1998. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Psychosis and the Traumatised Self explores what it is like to experience psychosis for individuals with histories of childhood physical and sexual abuse. The book additionally explores how meaning expressed in psychosis might originate from the effects of abuse, but also long-term life difficulties, motivations, memories, social history, and struggles to narrate and understand. One chapter focuses on refugees who suffered trauma as adults and later became psychotic. Another chapter examines how trauma leads to the destruction of certainty and trust, thereby opening a pathway to persecutory ideas. Drawing on a developmental model of trauma, it is proposed that dissociated parts of the self that developed during childhood contribute to psychosis in adults when undergoing difficulties and stress. Presented with case illustrations, the book will be useful for those who work in the area of psychosis and abuse to understand the experiences of individuals, and how we might develop appropriate therapy and care.

The aim of this collection of previously unpublished essays is to probe the philosophical aspects of rape as act, crime, practice, and institution. Among the issues examined are the nature and harmfulness of rape, the relation of rape to racism, sexism, and other forms of oppression, and the legitimacy of various rape-law doctrines.

A holistic sociological approach that explores why offenders sexually abuse children The sexual abuse of children is one of the most morally unsettling and emotionally inflammatory issues in American society today. It has been estimated that roughly one out of every four girls and one in ten boys experience some form of unwanted sexual attention either inside or outside the family before they reach adulthood. How should society deal with the sexual victimization of children? Should known offenders be released back into our communities? If so, where, and with what rights, should they be allowed to live? In Unspeakable Acts, Douglas W. Pryor argues that much of this debate, designed to deal with abusers after they have offended, ignores the important issue of why men cross these forbidden sexual boundaries to molest children in the first place and how the behavior can possibly be prevented before it starts. Incorporating in-depth interviews with more than thirty convicted child molesters, Pryor explores how men become involved with breaking sexual boundaries with children. He looks at how their lives prior to offending contributed to and led up to what they did, the ways that initial interest in sex with children began, the tactics offenders employed to molest their victims over time, how they felt about and reacted to their behavior between offending episodes, and how they were ultimately able to stop. The author expands our understanding of this often reviled, little understood group, leaving us with the uneasy conclusion that the moral wall separating us from what is defined as extreme, sick behavior is not as opaque as we would like to believe.

Rape Culture and Spiritual Violence examines sexual violence against women, how religion and society contribute to a rape culture, and the extreme suffering endured by rape victims as a result. Using the testimony of women who have experienced both rape and the consequences of rape culture-from a range of religious, cultural, ethnic, and social contexts-the book explores both the suffering and healing of rape victims from World War II to today. Among the issues considered are victim invisibility, the inability to express pain, and the tendency to assume shame and self-blame. The study examines the role of society in shaping and reinforcing these responses, contributing to traumas that can lead to spiritual death. The book also explores possibilities for multiple spiritual resurrections within the practice of daily life, encouraging both individual healing and social change.

Arguing that law must be looked at holistically, this book investigates the 'hidden gender' of the so-called neutral or objective legal principles that structure the law addressing violence against women. Adopting an explicitly feminist perspective, it investigates how legal responses to violence against women presuppose, maintain and perpetuate a certain context that may not in fact reflect women's experiences. Carline and Easteal draw upon relevant legislation, case law and secondary studies from a range of territories, including Australia, England and Wales, the United States, Canada and Europe, to contextualize and critique different policy responses. They go on to examine the potential and limits of law, making recommendations for best practice models of policymaking and law reform. Aiming to help improve government, community and legal responses to women who experience violence, Shades of Grey - Domestic and Sexual Violence Against Women: Law Reform and Society will assist law-makers, academics, policymakers and a wider audience in understanding the complexities of violence against women.