The problem of addiction is one of the major challenges and controversies confronting medicine and society. It also poses important and complex philosophical and scientific problems. What is addiction? Why does it occur? And how should we respond to it, as individuals and as a society? The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy and Science of Addiction is an outstanding reference source to the key topics, problems and debates in this exciting subject. It spans several disciplines and is the first collection of its kind. Organised into three clear parts, forty-five chapters by a team of international contributors examine key areas, including: the meaning of addiction to individuals conceptions of addiction varieties and taxonomies of addiction methods and models of addiction evolution and addiction history, sociology and anthropology population distribution and epidemiology developmental processes vulnerabilities and resilience psychological and neural mechanisms prevention, treatment and spontaneous recovery public health and the ethics of care social justice, law and policy. Essential reading for students and researchers in addiction research and in philosophy, particularly philosophy of mind and psychology and ethics, The Routledge Handbook of Philosophy and Science of Addiction will also be of great interest to those in related fields, such as medicine, mental health, social work, and social policy.

Understanding Everyday Communicative Interactions is a unique text that uses a situated discourse analysis (SDA) framework to examine basic human communication and the interactions of those with communicative disorders in everyday and clinical settings. The book introduces SDA as a theoretical and empirical approach for examining the complexities of communicative interaction. It explores how people collaborate in everyday contexts to communicate successfully and how they learn to do so. From close analysis of a pretend game played by two children and their father to an observation of a man with aphasia and his family at a football match, the present volume offers rich portraits of communicative lives and illustrates the applications of SDA. The final part of the book uses SDA methods to demonstrate how clinicians can function as communication partners even during assessments and can design rich communicative environments for therapeutic interventions. In explaining the SDA framework and equipping readers with the tools to understand the nature of human communication, this sophisticated and engaging book will be an essential reference for students, researchers, and clinicians in communication sciences and disorders.

This issue of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Steven Stanos and James Babington, will discuss Pharmacologic Support in Pain Management. This issue of one of four issues selected each year by series Consulting Editor, Santos Martinez. Topics discussed in this issue include, but are not limited to: Buprenorphine in the management of addiction and pain, Methadone, Anticonvulsants for neuropathic pain, Antidepressants for chronic pain, NSAIDs for acute and chronic pain, Topical analgesics, Muscle Relaxants for acute and chronic pain, Opioid Management: Initiating, Monitoring and Tapering, Integrating CDC Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Acute and Chronic Pain, Opioid Pharmacology and Side Effect Management, among others.

The Clinician's Guide to Alcohol Moderation examines alcohol use around the world and teaches a range of behavioral health care providers how to help clients practice alcohol moderation. Excavating the current treatments available for alcohol moderation, the book offers step-by-step processes of engaging clients and their families, self-assessments, and alcohol moderation tools. In addition to using it in conjunction with Practicing Alcohol Moderation: A Comprehensive Workbook, readers would benefit from the Alcohol Moderation Assessment which predicts who may be able to successfully drink in moderation as well as developing and monitoring an Alcohol Moderation Plan. The text uses recognized alcohol moderation resources throughout the world as well as real-life case studies to address typical clinician, client, and family member questions. It challenges the traditional recommendation that drinkers experiencing problems are "alcoholics." This guide is a resource for all who overdrink or know people who struggle with their alcohol use. Through its medium, a broad range of health care providers receive a step-by-step process on how to practice alcohol moderation, how to put tools into practice, case examples, and answers to the most commonly asked questions.

Written by internationally recognized leaders in hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) research and practice, this exciting new book provides evidence-based, practical, useful information for anyone involved in HBOT. It outlines the physiologic principles that constitute the basis for understanding the clinical implications for treatment and describes recent advances and current research, along with new approaches to therapy. This book is an essential tool for anyone who cares for patients with difficult-to-heal wounds, wounds from radiation therapy, carbon monoxide poisoning, and more. Provides comprehensive coverage of pathophysiology and clinically relevant information so you can master the specialty. Covers the relevance of HBOT in caring for diverse populations including critical care patients, infants and pediatric patients, and divers. Features a section on the technical aspects of HBOT to provide insight into the technology and physics regarding HBO chambers. Presents evidence to support the effectiveness of HBOT as well as the possible side effects. Describes situations where HBOT would be effective through indication-specific chapters on chronic wounds, radiation and crush injuries, decompression sickness, and more.

Practicing Alcohol Moderation is designed to be used by clients of behavioral health care providers who have utilized The Clinician's Guide to Alcohol Moderation. This groundbreaking workbook can be used on its own or in conjunction with therapy, and additionally as a resource for family members whose loved ones are struggling with alcohol. It gives transparent, easy-to-follow, research-based explanations with questionnaires, checklists, quizzes, and worksheets. Each chapter begins with a brief overview and is interspersed with exercises and client experiences, combining research-based information with practical self-assessments, tools, and questions to answer to practice alcohol moderation. Readers can take the Alcohol Moderation Assessment to determine their likelihood of success in practicing alcohol moderation. The book provides the resources to create a personalized Alcohol Moderation Plan and suggests ways to manage its success for clinicians and general audiences alike.

In her New York Times bestseller Unbroken Brain, journalist Maia Szalavitz took an unflinching look at addiction, challenging the idea of the "broken brain" to offer a groundbreaking perspective on addiction as a learning disorder. Now she turns her keen eye and narrative powers to the surprisingly simple--and extremely divisive--practice of harm reduction, which is a revolutionary means to solving the drug addiction crisis. Drug overdoses now kill more Americans annually than guns, cars or breast cancer. But in the name of "sending the right message," we have criminalized drug addiction, denied those who are addicted medical care, housing and other benefits, and have deliberately allowed the spread of fatal diseases. Yet there is an alternative to our present system, one that has been proven to work, but which runs counter to the received wisdom of our criminal and medical industrial complexes. It is called harm reduction. A surprisingly simple idea with enormous power, harm reduction takes the focus off of drug use and instead works to minimize associated damage. It represents the philosophy behind needle exchange programs and providing heroin addicts with the overdose medication naloxone instead of arresting them. It is focused not on punishing pleasure but on minimizing harm; in essence, it is a wholesale refutation of the American way of justice. Undoing Drugs tells the story of harm reduction. It will show how this concept has begun to transform the treatment of addiction and how it holds the potential to revolutionize how we deal with a range of other urgent behavioral and societal issues. Harm reduction challenges people to prioritize radical empathy and kindness over punishment as a way of not only dealing with drug use, but also in questions related to racism, sexism, disability and inequality. And, as Szalavitz shows, it says unequivocally that we must be more concerned about saving lives and health than about criminalizing quality-of-life crimes. Szalavitz argues for a practical application of the Hippocratic oath to "First, do no harm" beyond medicine and to those who urgently need it most.

Hooked on heroin and crack cocaine, Melinda Ferguson plummets into a devastating rock bottom as she finds herself trawling the streets of Hillbrow, Johannesburg desperate for her next fix.Bold, raw and relentlessly honest, Smacked is a tale of earth-shattering loss and miraculous  redemption. This mega bestseller - the revised 20 year clean & sober edition -  will take you to the darkest recesses of an addict's psyche. It is ultimately a tale of great resilience and hope.

Clinical Management of Sex Addiction's newest edition updates many of the original chapters from 28 leaders in the field with new findings and treatment methods in the field of sex addiction. With a growing awareness of sex addiction as a problem, plus the advent of cybersex compulsion, professional clinicians are being confronted with sexual compulsion with little clinical or academic preparation. This is the first book distilling the experience of the leaders in this emerging field. It additionally provides new chapters on emerging areas of interest, including partner counseling, trauma and sexual addiction, and adolescent sex addiction. With a focus on special populations, the book creates a current and coherent reference for the therapist who faces quickly escalating new constellations of addictive sexual behavior. Readable, concise and filled with useful interventions, it is a key text for professionals new to the field and a classic reference for all clinicians who treat sex addiction.

Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes, one of the latest installments of the Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine series, reviews the three main approaches for generation of sufficient numbers of insulin-producing cells for restoration of an adequate beta-cell mass: beta-cell expansion, stem-cell differentiation, and nuclear reprogramming. Adeptly collecting the research of the leading scientists in the field, Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes compares the merits of employing autologous versus banked allogeneic cell sources for generation of surrogate beta cells, and addresses tissue engineering and ways for cell protection from recurring autoimmunity and graft rejection. Stem Cell Therapy for Diabetes provides essential reading for those especially interested in tracking the progress in applying of one of the most exciting new developments in bio-medicine towards a cure for diabetes.

This issue of Sleep Medicine Clinics, guest-edited by Drs. Rachel Markwald and Anne Germain, focuses on Sleep and Performance. This issue is one of four selected each year by series Consulting Editor, Dr. Teofilo Lee-Chiong. Articles include: Work productivity and sleep issues; Sleep apnea and performance; Sleep and athletic performance: the role of untreated sleep issues in sports; Early detection of sleep disorders in safety critical jobs; Insomnia and performance; Exercise for improving insomnia symptoms: implications on performance; Sleep and athletic performance: sleep and visuomotor performance; Brain stimulation for improving sleep and memory; Prevalence of sleep disorders in students and academic performance; PTSD/TBI, Sleep, and Military Operational Performance; New technology for measuring sleep and assessing sleep disorders: implications for public health and safety; and Use of hypnotic medications on learning and memory consolidation.

This is the first book to explain the many synergies between solution focused brief therapy (SFBT) and harm reduction (HR). Sean Foy discusses how these two approaches are complementary and when used in conjunction, create a novel way of approaching addiction work. The book covers several detailed case studies examining how the concepts and theories of both approaches are intertwined to enhance and deepen the work undertaken with people who misuse and abuse substances. It will be of great interest to scholars of psychotherapy, social work, social care, addiction, nursing and health care, as well as to practitioners seeking a clearer understanding of solution focused brief therapy and harm reduction and how to apply these to case work with problematic drinkers and drug users.

Achieving Quality in Brachytherapy addresses the main issues that often prevent correct delivery of brachytherapy treatment. The book explains how to set up a functional quality assurance program in brachytherapy and covers all the steps needed to undertake particular treatment plans, from the initial planning required to the detailed specification. It highlights the importance of planning as a means of controlling and dealing with errors during the treatment process and advises on what to check and how to check during treatment to ensure effective quality assurance. This comprehensive reference is ideal for professionals working in brachytherapy, physics, and radiation oncology, and serves as an introduction for trainees with an undergraduate degree in medical physics or clinical radiation oncology.

This workbook provides hands-on activities, strategies, planning sheets and progress trackers for use with children with selective mutism at home, at school and in the wider community. Written by selective mutism expert Maggie Johnson and parent coach Junhua Reitman, the workbook includes first-hand accounts of how children can overcome SM successfully using the activities and strategies described in this book. Activities are organised around the daily routines of school and family life, and each activity is broken into a progression of small steps with appropriate strategies and an accompanying record sheet to track progress. Activities include: Using the toilet at school Attending social gatherings Organising a successful playdate Initiating conversation Talking in the classroom Eating with peers. This workbook is essential reading for parents, professionals and anyone who is looking for a toolkit for selective mutism. It also provides a useful extension to The Selective Mutism Resource Manual, second edition, focusing on the 'how' to compliment the manual's 'what' and 'why'. Small steps really do lead to big changes but taking the first step can be the most difficult. This book helps you make that first step.

This book takes a unique approach to the examination of the eating disorder, anorexia nervosa (and bulimia). White, middle-class, heterosexual women share their insights into the emergence of their illnesses through detailed interviews that consider perceptions of the role of family, the influence of cultural messages regarding thinness and beauty, the agency these women exert in the use of weight control to cope with life's stressors, the meaning they attach to their eating disorders and how these issues together perpetuate their disease. The book uses a Symbolic Interactionist framework and a grounded theory approach to examine the narratives which emerge from these women's stories. Themes of family, culture, and self arise in their narratives; these form the theoretical underpinnings for this book, and combine to shape the comprehensive model of eating disorders that emerges from this study. Haworth-Hoeppner's book will appeal to researchers and advanced students of sociology, women's studies, family studies, social psychology, and gender studies.

Examining representations of speech disorders in works of literature, this first collection of its kind founds a new multidisciplinary subfield related but not limited to the emerging fields of disability studies and medical humanities. The scope is wide-ranging both in terms of national literatures and historical periods considered, engaging with theoretical discussions in poststructuralism, disability studies, cultural studies, new historicism, gender studies, sociolinguistics, trauma studies, and medical humanities. The book's main focus is on the development of an awareness of speech pathology in the literary imaginary from the late-eighteenth century to the present, studying the novel, drama, epic poetry, lyric poetry, autobiography and autopathography, and clinical case studies and guidebooks on speech therapy. The volume addresses a growing interest, both in popular culture and the humanities, regarding the portrayal of conditions such as stuttering, aphasia and mutism, along with the status of the self in relation to those conditions. Since speech pathologies are neither illnesses nor outwardly physical disabilities, critical studies of their representation have tended to occupy a liminal position in relation to other discourses such as literary and cultural theory, and even disability studies. One of the primary aims of this collection is to address this marginalization, and to position a cultural criticism of speech pathology within literary studies.

Media portrayals and diagnostic criteria convey an image of an addicted person as someone whose deficient coping skills and severely compromised functioning are readily apparent. Yet addictions remain some of the most frequently missed diagnoses in health and mental health care settings. This occurs, in large part, because most people with addictions do not fit the stereotype. In the context of psychotherapy, the typical patient with an addiction will present depression, anxiety, marital problems or a general sense that life is not working. This book addresses how addictions can be recognized more often and accurately assessed in the context of psychotherapy. Along with learning about the standard assessment instruments, the reader is introduced to methods for asking the appropriate questions and listening to the clinical dialogue for signs of a undisclosed addiction. This book provides a great deal of knowledge about addictions and their assessment in a way that is relevant to clinical practice.

Substance Misuse and Young People: Critical Issues is a comprehensive source of information on young people's requirements for assessment, treatment and other interventions because of their misuse of substances. It highlights approaches that enhance understanding of the routes that lead young people to substance misuse and also the routes away from it. The emergence of new substances and methods of misuse makes this ever more relevant. The authors are international experts in the fields of psychiatry, paediatrics, medicine, psychology, genetics, resilience, neuropharmacology and epidemiology. This book acknowledges how widespread both substance misuse and psychiatric disorders are and explores the complex, challenging links between co-occurring conditions. Use of substances is associated with illness and premature mortality, and more so for people who have combined disorders. The authors critically assess the vital need for intervention during adolescence and early adulthood. They provide detailed clinical views of the psychosocial interventions and medications currently available and illustrate them with case studies that emphasise adolescents' experiences and thoughtful lifestyle-specific interventions. This book provides theoretical knowledge and indicates the practical skills that practitioners require for work with young people who misuse substances. It is highly applicable to medical practitioners, psychologists, pharmacists, social workers, police officers, probation officers, educationalists and related social and healthcare professionals.

Analyzing ground-breaking research, this reference highlights the impact of sleep deprivation on the well-being of the individual and society-presenting current theories on the function of sleep, the effects of sleep deprivation on patients with medical and psychiatric conditions, as well as providing interpretative and methodological results in comparative studies of sleep deprivation.

The word addiction these days is used to refer to a chronic condition where there is an unhealthily powerful motivation to engage in a particular behaviour. This can be driven by many different factors physiological, psychological, environmental and social. If we say that it is all about X, we miss V, W, Y and Z. So, some people think addicts are using drugs to escape from unhappy lives, feelings of anxiety and so on; many are. Some people think drugs become addictive because they alter the brain chemistry to create powerful urges; that is often true. Others think that drug taking is about seeking after pleasure; often it is. Some take the view that addiction is a choice addicts weigh up the pros and cons of doing what they do and decide the former outweigh the latter. Yet others believe that addicts suffer from poor impulse control; that is often true And so it goes on. When you look at the evidence, you see that all these positions capture important aspects of the problem but they are not complete explanations. Neuroscience can help us delve more deeply into some of these explanations, while the behavioural and social sciences are better at exploring others. We need a model that puts all this together in a way that can help us decide what to do in different cases. Should we prescribe a drug, give the person some tender loving care , put them in prison or what? Theory of Addiction provides this synthesis. The first edition was well received: Throughout the book the reader is exposed to a vast number of useful observations...The theoretical aims are timely, refreshing, ambitious and above all challenging. It opens up a new way of looking at addiction and has the potential to move the field of addiction a considerable leap forward. Thus we wholeheartedly would like to recommend the book for students as well as scholars. Read and learn! Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs The book provides a comprehensive review of existing theories - over 30 in all - and this synthesis of theories constitutes an important contribution in and of itself...West is to be commended for his synthesis of addiction theories that span neurobiology, psychology and social science and for his insights into what remains unexplained. Addiction This new edition of Theory of Addiction builds on the first, including additional theories in the field, a more developed specification of PRIME theory and analysis of the expanding evidence base. With this important new information, Theory of Addiction will continue to be essential reading for all those working in addiction, from student to experienced practitioner as urged above, Read and learn!

This is a short guide on sit-stand working in the office. It reviews the research on sitting and standing at work from the 1950s to present and provides guidance for specialists, therapists, practitioners, and managers. The book is illustrated with many photos and figures, provides guidance for active working at the end of every chapter, and is understandable to the layman as well as the specialist. With the increased emphasis on healthy lifestyles, coupled with the obesity and overweight epidemic, many are claiming that we should spend more time standing at work. Some have even claimed that sitting is the new smoking. Readers of the book will learn and understand what is behind these claims, what stacks-up, what doesn't, and be able to make informed decisions about whether to invest in new facilities, and what to invest. This book is of value to human factors specialists, physical therapists, chiropractors and occupational health practitioners, architects, and facilities managers. Features Explains the origins of sedentary office work Summarizes the health risks of sitting and standing and how to avoid them Reviews new research on active working and practical ways of developing active working habits in the office Discusses the obesogenic workplace, and how to avoid it Includes over 60 key points to help you decide how to be more active at work

The increasing global prevalence of obesity and nutrition-based non-communicable disease has many causes, including food availability; social norms as evidenced in local foodways; genetic predisposition; economic circumstance; cultural variation in norms surrounding body composition; and policies affecting production, distribution, and consumption of food locally and globally. The Applied Anthropology of Obesity: Prevention, Intervention, and Identity advances understanding of the many cultural factors underlying increased global obesity prevalence. This collection of chapters showcase the value of anthropology's holistic approach to human interaction by exploring how human identity associated with obesity/overweight is affected by cultural norms, policy decisions, and perceptions of cultural change. They also demonstrate best practices for the application of anthropological skillsets to develop culturally-appropriate nutritional behavior change across multiple levels of analysis, from local programming to policy decisions at local and national levels. In addition to soliciting explanatory models used by respondents in different cultures and situations, anthropologists find themselves on the front lines of public health and policy attempts at affecting behavioral change. As such, this applied-focused volume will be of utility to scholars and practitioners in applied and medical anthropology, as well as to scholars and professionals in public health and other disciplines. The volume's authors are professional and student anthropologists from both public health practice and academia. Chapters are geographically diverse, containing lessons learned from attempts to combat obesity by anthropologically focusing on culture, history, economy, and power relative to obesity causation, prevention, and intervention. The Applied Anthropology of Obesity: Prevention, Intervention, and Identity candidly provides rich information about social identity, obesity, and treatment.

As gambling becomes more prevalent and more accessible in our society, pathological gambling is growing as a serious problem. In most instances, excessive gambling negatively affects a person's home, social and professional life, as well as leads to serious financial trouble. In repeated trials, cognitive-behavioural therapy has proven an extremely effective treatment for this problem. Written by the developers of an empirically supported CBT program for the treatment of pathological gambling, this Therapist Guide includes all the information and materials necessary to implement successful treatment. Most pathological gamblers exhibit misconceptions or erroneous beliefs about the nature of gambling, believing they can "beat the system". One of the central points of focus of this treatment is to help clients correct these beliefs and understand the true nature of games of chance. The authors provide step-by-step instructions for clinicians to help clients understand all of the facets of their problem. In addition to correcting erroneous beliefs about gambling, this program teaches problem solving skills, self-assessment techniques, and trigger recognition and avoidance. Designed to be used in conjunction with the corresponding workbook, this guide provides results not only in supervised therapy, but in long-term relapse prevention as well.

This reference provides contemporary information on all aspects of Down syndrome, investigating health concerns by age group and by organ system. The text sets out to identify and correct problems before they interrupt developing skills. It includes preventive medical checklists with summaries of appropriate medical intervention; supplies background information about history, genetics and epidemiology; outlines clinical management strategies; establishes guidelines on how to inform parents of the diagnosis and conveys practical suggestions on the handling and care of the infant; and offers a detailed review of the medical literature. Appendices provide information including growth charts and financial checklists.

Media portrayals and diagnostic criteria convey an image of an addicted person as someone whose deficient coping skills and severely compromised functioning are readily apparent. Yet addictions remain some of the most frequently missed diagnoses in health and mental health care settings. This occurs, in large part, because most people with addictions do not fit the stereotype. In the context of psychotherapy, the typical patient with an addiction will present depression, anxiety, marital problems or a general sense that life is not working. This book addresses how addictions can be recognized more often and accurately assessed in the context of psychotherapy. Along with learning about the standard assessment instruments, the reader is introduced to methods for asking the appropriate questions and listening to the clinical dialogue for signs of a undisclosed addiction. This book provides a great deal of knowledge about addictions and their assessment in a way that is relevant to clinical practice.