Improvement in the quality of integrated circuit designs and a designer's productivity can be achieved by a combination of two factors: Using more structured design methodologies for extensive reuse of existing components and subsystems. It seems that 70% of new designs correspond to existing components that cannot be reused because of a lack of methodologies and tools. Providing higher level design tools allowing to start from a higher level of abstraction. After the success and the widespread acceptance of logic and RTL synthesis, the next step is behavioral synthesis, commonly called architectural or high-level synthesis. Behavioral Synthesis and Component Reuse with VHDL provides methods and techniques for VHDL based behavioral synthesis and component reuse. The goal is to develop VHDL modeling strategies for emerging behavioral synthesis tools. Special attention is given to structured and modular design methods allowing hierarchical behavioral specification and design reuse. The goal of this book is not to discuss behavioral synthesis in general or to discuss a specific tool but to describe the specific issues related to behavioral synthesis of VHDL description. This book targets designers who have to use behavioral synthesis tools or who wish to discover the real possibilities of this emerging technology. The book will also be of interest to teachers and students interested to learn or to teach VHDL based behavioral synthesis.

Reservation procedures constitute the core of many popular data transmission protocols. They consist of two steps: A request phase in which a station reserves the communication channel and a transmission phase in which the actual data transmission takes place. Such procedures are often applied in communication networks that are characterised by a shared communication channel with large round-trip times.

In this book, we propose queuing models for situations that require a reservation procedure and validate their applicability in the context of cable networks.

We offer various mathematical models to better understand the performance of these reservation procedures. The book covers four key performance models, and modifications to these: Contention trees, the repairman model, the bulk service queue, and tandem queues.

The relevance of this book is not limited to reservation procedures and cable networks, and performance analysts from a variety of areas may benefit, as all models have found application in other fields as well.

In just 24 lessons of one hour or less, Design Thinking for Tech helps you inject techniques and exercises into your projects using the same systematic and creative process that designers have used for years. Anderson walks you through a simple four-phase Design Thinking model, showing how to loop back, keep learning, and continuously refine your work. You start by understanding the essential "what, how, when, why, and who" of Design Thinking. Next, you use core Design Thinking techniques to understand the big picture, focus on your most critical problems, think more creatively about them, take the "next best steps" toward problem resolution and value creation, and along the way rapidly iterate for progress. Every lesson builds on what you've already learned, with exercises crafted to deliver directly relevant experience. Regardless of your role in the world of technology, you'll learn how to supercharge success for any tech-related project, business initiative, or digital transformation. Learn how to... Apply a simple four-phased Design Thinking model in team and individual settings Inject game-changing methods into the project lifecycle Gain crucial "big picture" insights into how a situation has evolved over time Build and maintain healthier, more resilient teams Reskill teams to deliver greater business, functional, and technical impact Set and manage realistic expectations through a 360 Degrees view of your stakeholders Connect, communicate, and empathize with the right people at the right time Liberate the ideas trapped in your head so you can explore them deeply with others Think divergently, expand creativity, and work through uncertainty Navigate problems to quickly arrive at potential solutions Deliver incremental yet real value to people who desperately need it Start small to deliver greater value at velocity Improve how you approach and manage change Step-by-step instructions carefully walk you through the most common tasks. Practical, hands-on examples show you how to apply what you learn. Quizzes and exercises help you test your knowledge and stretch your skills. Notes and tips point out shortcuts and solutions.

The time evol11tion of many physical phenomena in nat11re can be de scribed by partial differential eq11ations. To analyze and control the dynamic behavior of s11ch systems. infinite dimensional system theory was developed and has been refined over the past several decades. In recent years. stim11lated by the applications arising from space exploration. a11tomated manufact11ring, and other areas of technological advancement, major progress has been made in both theory and control technology associated with infinite dimensional systems. For example, new conditions in the time domain and frequency domain have been derived which guarantee that a Co-semigroup is exponen tially stable; new feedback control laws helVe been proposed to exponentially;;tabilize beam. wave, and thermoelastic equations; and new methods have been developed which allow us to show that the spectrum-determined growth condition holds for a wide class of systems. Therefore, there is a need for a reference book which presents these restllts in an integrated fashion. Complementing the existing books, e. g . . 1]. 41]. and 128]. this book reports some recent achievements in stability and feedback stabilization of infinite dimensional systems. In particular, emphasis will be placed on the second order partial differential equations. such as Euler-Bernoulli beam equations. which arise from control of numerous mechanical systems stich as flexible robot arms and large space structures. We will be focusing on new results. most of which are our own recently obtained research results."

Verification isjob one in today's modem design process. Statistics tell us that the verification process takes up a majority of the overall work. Chips that come back dead on arrival scream that verification is at fault for not finding the mistakes. How do we ensure success? After an accomplishment, have you ever had someone ask you, "Are you good or are you just lucky?"? Many design projects depend on blind luck in hopes that the chip will work. Other's, just adamantly rely on their own abilities to bring the chip to success. ill either case, how can we tell the difference between being good or lucky? There must be a better way not to fail. Failure. No one likes to fail. ill his book, "The Logic of Failure," Dietrich Domer argues that failure does not just happen. A series of wayward steps leads to disaster. Often these wayward steps are not really logical, decisive steps, but more like default omissions. Anti-planning if you will, an ad-hoc approach to doing something. To not plan then, is to fail.

Over the last two decades, a major challenge for researchers working on modeling and evaluation of computer-based systems has been the assessment of system Non Functional Properties (NFP) such as performance, scalability, dependability and security.

In this book, the authors present cutting-edge model-driven techniques for modeling and analysis of software dependability. Most of them are based on the use of UML as software specification language. From the software system specification point of view, such techniques exploit the standard extension mechanisms of UML (i.e., UML profiling). UML profiles enable software engineers to add non-functional properties to the software model, in addition to the functional ones. The authors detail the state of the art on UML profile proposals for dependability specification and rigorously describe the trade-off they accomplish. The focus is mainly on RAMS (reliability, availability, maintainability and safety) properties. Among the existing profiles, they emphasize the DAM (Dependability Analysis and Modeling) profile, which attempts to unify, under a common umbrella, the previous UML profiles from literature, providing capabilities for dependability specification and analysis. In addition, they describe two prominent model-to-model transformation techniques, which support the generation of the analysis model and allow for further assessment of different RAMS properties. Case studies from different domains are also presented, in order to provide practitioners with examples of how to apply the aforementioned techniques.

Researchers and students will learn basic dependability concepts and how to model them usingUML and its extensions. They will also gain insights into dependability analysis techniques through the use of appropriate modeling formalisms as well as of model-to-model transformation techniques for deriving dependability analysis models from UML specifications. Moreover, software practitioners will find a unified framework for the specification of dependability requirements and properties of UML, and will benefit from the detailed case studies."

This comprehensive volume is the product of an intensive collaborative effort among researchers across the United States, Europe and Japan. The result -- a change in the way we think of humans and computers.

Queueing theory applications can be discovered in many walks of life including; transportation, manufacturing, telecommunications, computer systems and more. However, the most prevalent applications of queueing theory are in the telecommunications field. Queueing Theory for Telecommunications: Discrete Time Modelling of a Single Node System focuses on discrete time modeling and illustrates that most queueing systems encountered in real life can be set up as a Markov chain. This feature is very unique because the models are set in such a way that matrix-analytic methods are used to analyze them. Queueing Theory for Telecommunications: Discrete Time Modelling of a Single Node System is the most relevant book available on queueing models designed for applications to telecommunications. This book presents clear concise theories behind how to model and analyze key single node queues in discrete time using special tools that were presented in the second chapter. The text also delves into the types of single node queues that are very frequently encountered in telecommunication systems modeling, and provides simple methods for analyzing them. Where appropriate, alternative analysis methods are also presented. This book is for advanced-level students and researchers concentrating on engineering, computer science and mathematics as a secondary text or reference book. Professionals who work in the related industries of telecommunications, industrial engineering and communications engineering will find this book useful as well.

Swarm system, also known as multi-agent system, refers to a system composed of multiple subsystems (agents) with certain communication, calculation, decision-making, and action capabilities through local information interaction, such as a group of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), satellites, etc. Formation tracking control of swarm systems is an important technical support and approach for the emergence of swarm intelligence at motion control level. By applying formation tracking control, swarm system agents can adjust their relations in the state or output space through neighboring information interaction, and then the swarm system can achieve favorable space-time conditions for many cooperative tasks such as source seeking, target enclosing, and surveillance. Thus, complex missions can be performed efficiently or cost-effectively. In cross-domain collaborative applications, including air-ground coordination and air-sea coordination, swarm systems are usually composed of several heterogeneous agents, and swarm intelligence can be enhanced by complementary functions of different agents. How to achieve time-varying formation tracking for heterogeneous swarm systems is crucial for cross-domain coordination, which has important theoretical value and practical significance. This important book presents a systematic theoretical approach and control framework on the time-varying formation tracking for high-order heterogeneous swarm systems. Distributed controller design and stability analysis of closed-loop systems for several specific formation tracking problems are provided. Furthermore, the proposed control approaches are applied to practical cooperative experiment platforms composed of UAVs and UGVs, and several formation tracking experiments are carried out to further verify the effectiveness of the theories.

With this book, Christopher Kormanyos delivers a highly practical guide to programming real-time embedded microcontroller systems in C++. It is divided into three parts plus several appendices. Part I provides a foundation for real-time C++ by covering language technologies, including object-oriented methods, template programming and optimization. Next, part II presents detailed descriptions of a variety of C++ components that are widely used in microcontroller programming. It details some of C++'s most powerful language elements, such as class types, templates and the STL, to develop components for microcontroller register access, low-level drivers, custom memory management, embedded containers, multitasking, etc. Finally, part III describes mathematical methods and generic utilities that can be employed to solve recurring problems in real-time C++. The appendices include a brief C++ language tutorial, information on the real-time C++ development environment and instructions for building GNU GCC cross-compilers and a microcontroller circuit. For this fourth edition, the most recent specification of C++20 is used throughout the text. Several sections on new C++20 functionality have been added, and various others reworked to reflect changes in the standard. Also several new example projects ranging from introductory to advanced level are included and existing ones extended, and various reader suggestions have been incorporated. Efficiency is always in focus and numerous examples are backed up with runtime measurements and size analyses that quantify the true costs of the code down to the very last byte and microsecond. The target audience of this book mainly consists of students and professionals interested in real-time C++. Readers should be familiar with C or another programming language and will benefit most if they have had some previous experience with microcontroller electronics and the performance and size issues prevalent in embedded systems programming.

Resilience Engineering (RE) studies have successfully identified and described many instances of resilient performance in high hazard sectors as well as in the far more frequent cases where people and organisations cope with the uncertainties of daily operations. Since RE was first described in 2006, a steady accumulation of insights and efforts have provided the basis for practical tools and methods. This development has been documented by a series of texts in the Resilience Engineering Perspectives series as well as by a growing number of papers and reports. This book encapsulates the essential practical lessons learned from the use of Resilience Engineering (RE) for over ten years. The main contents are a series of chapters written by those who have been instrumental in these applications. To increase the value for the reader, each chapter will include: rationale for the overall approach; data sought and reason(s) for choosing; data sources used, data analyses performed, and how recommendations were made and turned into practice. Serving as a reference for practitioners who want to analyse, support, and manage resilient performance, this book also advances research into RE by inquiring why work goes well in unpredictable environments, to improve work performance, or compensate for deficiencies.

This book defines an agenda for research in information management and systems for media and entertainment industries. It highlights their particular needs in production, distribution, and consumption. Chapters are written by practitioners and researchers from around the world, who examine business information management and systems in the larger context of media and entertainment industries. Human, management, technological, and content creation aspects are covered in order to provide a unique viewpoint. With great interdisciplinary scope, the book provides a roadmap of research challenges and a structured approach for future development across areas such as social media, eCommerce, and eBusiness. Chapters address the tremendous challenges in organization, leadership, customer behavior, and technology that face the entertainment and media industries every day, including the transformation of the analog media world into its digital counterpart. Professionals or researchers involved with IT systems management, information policies, technology development or content creation will find this book an essential resource. It is also a valuable tool for academics or advanced-level students studying digital media or information systems.

Evolutionary Computation and Optimization Algorithms in Software Engineering: Applications and Techniques lays the foundation for the successful integration of evolutionary computation into software engineering. It surveys techniques ranging from genetic algorithms, to swarm optimization theory, to ant colony optimization, demonstrating their uses and capabilities. These techniques are applied to aspects of software engineering such as software testing, quality assessment, reliability assessment, and fault prediction models, among others, to providing researchers, scholars and students with the knowledge needed to expand this burgeoning application.

Real-time systems are used in a wide range of applications, including control, sensing, multimedia, etc. Scheduling is a central problem for these computing/communication systems since responsible of software execution in a timely manner. This book provides state of knowledge in this domain with special emphasis on the key results obtained within the last decade.

This book addresses foundations as well as the latest advances and findings in Real-Time Scheduling, giving all references to important papers. But nevertheless the chapters will be short and not overloaded with confusing details. Coverage includes scheduling approaches for mono-core as well as multi-core platforms, dependent tasks, networks, and notably very tremendous recent advances in scheduling of energy constrained embedded systems. Other sophisticated issues such as feedback control scheduling and timing analysis of critical applications are also addressed. This volume can serve as a textbook for courses on the topic in bachelor and in more advanced master programs. It also provides a reference for computer scientists and engineers involved in the design or the development of Cyber-Physical Systems which require up-to-date real-time scheduling solutions.

Integrated Models for Information Communication Systems and Networks: Design and Development explores essential information and current research findings on information communication systems and networks. This reference source aims to assist professionals in the desire to enhance their knowledge of modeling at systems level with the aid of modern software packages.

C++ is a powerful, much sought after programming language, but can be daunting to work with, even for engineering professionals. Why is this book so useful? Have you ever wondered: - How do keywords like static and virtual change their meanings according to context? - What are the similarities and differences between Pointers and References, Pointers and Arrays, Constructors and Copy Constructors, Nested and Local Inner Classes? - Why is Multiple Interface Inheritance seen to be beautiful but Multiple Implementation Inheritance considered evil? - When is Polymorphism Static or Dynamic, Bounded or Unbounded? Answers on these questions, and much more, are explained in this book, Cybernetics in C++. What makes this text so different and appealing in comparison to existing books on the market? - The Bulleted style, as opposed to Prose, produces results much faster, both in learning and reference - Rules of Thumb, and further expert Tips are given throughout in how to optimise your code - The Prospective Evils sections tell you what to avoid - The thorough coverage ensures you will be trained to expert level in each of Imperative, Procedural, Memory & Resource Management, Object Oriented and Generic Programming Cybernetics in C++ combines a theoretical overview and practical approach in one book, which should prove to be a useful reference for computer scientists, software programmers, engineers and students in this and related field.

The formal study of program behavior has become an essential ingredient in guiding the design of new computer architectures. Accurate characterization of applications leads to efficient design of high performing architectures. Quantitative and analytical characterization of workloads is important to understand and exploit the interesting features of workloads. This book includes ten chapters on various aspects of workload characterizati on. File caching characteristics of the industry-standard web-serving benchmark SPECweb99 are presented by Keller et al. in Chapter 1, while value locality of SPECJVM98 benchmarks are characterized by Rychlik et al. in Chapter 2. SPECJVM98 benchmarks are visited again in Chapter 3, where Tao et al. study the operating system activity in Java programs. In Chapter 4, KleinOsowski et al. describe how the SPEC2000 CPU benchmark suite may be adapted for computer architecture research and present the small, representative input data sets they created to reduce simulation time without compromising on accuracy. Their research has been recognized by the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation (SPEC) and is listed on the official SPEC website, http: //www. spec. org/osg/cpu2000/research/umnl. The main contribution of Chapter 5 is the proposal of a new measure called locality surface to characterize locality of reference in programs. Sorenson et al. describe how a three-dimensional surface can be used to represent both of programs. In Chapter 6, Thornock et al

This book provides a comprehensive reference in large data center networking. It first summarizes the developing trend of DCNs, and reports four novel DCNs, including a switch-centric DCN, a modular DCN, a wireless DCN, and a hybrid DCN. Furthermore another important factor in DCN targets at managing and optimizing the network activity at the level of transfers to aggregate correlated data flows and thus directly to lower down the network traffic resulting from such data transfers. In particular, the book reports the in-network aggregation of incast transfer, shuffle transfer, uncertain incast transfer, and the cooperative scheduling of uncertain multicast transfer.

The Forum on Design Languages (FDL) is the European Forum to exchange experiences and learn new trends, in the application of languages and the associated design methods and tools, to design complex electronic systems. By offering several co-located workshops, this multi-faceted event gives an excellent opportunity to gain up-to-date knowledge across main aspects of such a wide field. All the workshops address as their common denominator the different application domains of system-design languages with the presentation of the latest research results and design experiences.
FDL'02 was organized as four focused workshops, Languages for Analog and Mixed-Signal system design, UML-based system specification and design, C/C++-based system design and Specification Formalisms for Proven design.

FDL served once more as the European Forum for electronic system design languages and consolidates as the main place in Europe where designers interested in design languages and their applications can meet and interchange experiences.

In this fourth book in the CHDL Series, a selection of the best papers presented in FDL'02 is published. System Specification and Design Languages contains outstanding research contributions in the four areas mentioned above. So, The Analog and Mixed-Signal system design contributions cover the new methodological approaches like AMS behavioral specification, mixed-signal modeling and simulation, AMS reuse and MEMs design using the new modeling languages such as VHDL-AMS, Verilog-AMS, Modelica and analog-mixed signal extensions to SystemC.

UML is the de-facto standard for SW development covering the early development stages of requirement analysis and system specification. The UML-based system specification and design contributions address latest results on hot-topic areas such as system profiling, performance analysis and UML application to complex, HW/SW embedded systems and SoC design.C/C++-for HW/SW systems design is entering standard industrial design flows. Selected papers cover system modeling, system verification and SW generation.

The papers from the Specification Formalisms for Proven design workshop present formal methods for system modeling and design, semantic integrity and formal languages such as ALPHA, HANDLE and B.

This volume comprises the edited proceedings of the 2006 CoreGRID Integration Workshop (CGIW'2006), held October 2006 in Krakow, Poland. A ?Network of Excellence? funded by the European Commission's Sixth Framework Program, CoreGRID, aims to strengthen and advance scientific and technological excellence in the area of Grid and Peer-to-Peer technologies by bringing together a critical mass of well-established researchers from 41 European research institutions. Achievements in European Research on Grid Systems covers, though is not limited to, the following topics: knowledge and data management; programming models; system architecture; Grid information, resource and workflow monitoring services; resource management and scheduling; systems, tools and environments; trust and security issues on the Grid. Designed for a professional audience of industry practitioners and researchers, Achievements in European Research on Grid Systems is also suitable for advanced-level students in computer science.

VHDL Answers to Frequently Asked Questions, Second Edition is a follow up to the author's books VHDL Answers to Frequently Asked Questions (ISBN 0-7923-9791-6) and VHDL Coding Styles and Methodologies (ISBN 0-7923-9598-0). This book addresses: misinterpretations in the use of the language; methods for writing error-free, and simulation-efficient, code for testbench designs and for synthesis; and general principles and guidelines for design verification. This second edition includes the following additions to the first edition: a new chapter on design for reuse that defines coding and design techniques that are impermeable to new technologies and are malleable to new requirements; more questions and answers including discussions on applications of guarded signals and shared variables; more models including the design of a reusable priority encoder, and a switch; more packages including an enhancement of image package to convert values to text strings in binary, hexadecimal, and decimal formats, and the complex package that defines complex numbers and overloaded operators.The book differs from other VHDL books in many respects. This bookemphasizes real VHDL, rather than philosophical or introductory types of informationemphasizes application of VHDL for synthesisuses complete examples to demonstrate problems and solutionsprovides a disk that includes all the book examples and other useful VHDL reference materialuses easy to remember symbology notation to emphasize language rules, good and poor methodology and coding stylesidentifies obsolete VHDL constructs that must be avoidedidentifies synthesizable/non-synthesizable structuresuses a question and answer format to clarify and emphasizethe concerns of VHDL users.VHDL Answers to Frequently Asked Questions, Second Edition is intended for those who are seeking an enhanced proficiency in VHDL.

This book describes how we can design and make efficient processors for high-performance computing, AI, and data science. Although there are many textbooks on the design of processors we do not have a widely accepted definition of the efficiency of a general-purpose computer architecture. Without a definition of the efficiency, it is difficult to make scientific approach to the processor design. In this book, a clear definition of efficiency is given and thus a scientific approach for processor design is made possible. In chapter 2, the history of the development of high-performance processor is overviewed, to discuss what quantity we can use to measure the efficiency of these processors. The proposed quantity is the ratio between the minimum possible energy consumption and the actual energy consumption for a given application using a given semiconductor technology. In chapter 3, whether or not this quantity can be used in practice is discussed, for many real-world applications. In chapter 4, general-purpose processors in the past and present are discussed from this viewpoint. In chapter 5, how we can actually design processors with near-optimal efficiencies is described, and in chapter 6 how we can program such processors. This book gives a new way to look at the field of the design of high-performance processors.

Modeling Microprocessor Performance focuses on the development of a design and evaluation tool, named RIPE (Rensselaer Interconnect Performance Estimator). This tool analyzes the impact on wireability, clock frequency, power dissipation, and the reliability of single chip CMOS microprocessors as a function of interconnect, device, circuit, design and architectural parameters. It can accurately predict the overall performance of existing microprocessor systems. For the three major microprocessor architectures, DEC, PowerPC and Intel, the results have shown agreement within 10% on key parameters. The models cover a broad range of issues that relate to the implementation and performance of single chip CMOS microprocessors. The book contains a detailed discussion of the various models and the underlying assumptions based on actual design practices. As such, RIPE and its models provide an insightful tool into single chip microprocessor design and its performance aspects. At the same time, it provides design and process engineers with the capability to model, evaluate, compare and optimize single chip microprocessor systems using advanced technology and design techniques at an early design stage without costly and time consuming implementation. RIPE and its models demonstrate the factors which must be considered when estimating tradeoffs in device and interconnect technology and architecture design on microprocessor performance.

An overview and a critical review of the Conformance Testing Methodology and Framework is provided by this book. This standard, ISO/IEC 9646, describes a methodology for testing implementations of Open System Interconnection (OSI) specifications. It is widely used by protocol and profile specifiers to help them specify their conformance requirements unambiguously and to provide proformas for suppliers to fill in to clarify which capabilities their products support. The standard is also used by test specifiers to define how to specify OSI conformance tests and to give guidance to test system developers. Further, it is used by test laboratories and the relevant accreditation bodies to define how an OSI test service should be operated. Finally, it is used by other testing methodology specifiers to serve as a guide on how to write testing methodology standards.

The publication, which will serve as a definitive textbook on the subject, enables readers to understand existing test documents, especially test suites, and aims to assist them in producing their own documents.