This book focuses on design in the domain of human-computer interaction. Including a broad sampling of case studies as well as narrower theoretical or empirical studies, it includes consideration of educational uses of design rationale, methods for teaching it in industry, and applications to a variety of software and user interface/application domains. The volume promises to be the largest collection of work on design rationale ever assembled, and thereby to energize the considerable, widespread interest in this topic. It will also act as a focus for the existing but scattered work in this domain.

This book focuses on design in the domain of human-computer interaction. Including a broad sampling of case studies as well as narrower theoretical or empirical studies, it includes consideration of educational uses of design rationale, methods for teaching it in industry, and applications to a variety of software and user interface/application domains. The volume promises to be the largest collection of work on design rationale ever assembled, and thereby to energize the considerable, widespread interest in this topic. It will also act as a focus for the existing but scattered work in this domain.

The area of hybrid dynamical systems (HDS) represents a difficult and exciting challenge to control engineers and is referred to as "the control theory of tomorrow" because of its future potential for solving problems. This relatively new discipline bridges control engineering, mathematics, and computer science. There is now an emerging literature on this topic describing a number of mathematical models, heuristic algorithms, and stability criteria. However, presently there is no systematic theory of HDS. "Hybrid Dynamical Systems" focuses on a comprehensive development of HDS theory and integrates results established by the authors.

The work is a self-contained informative text/reference, covering several theoretically interesting and practically significant problems concerning the use of switched controllers and examining the sensor scheduling problem. The emphasis is on classes of uncertain systems as models for HDS.

Features and topics:

* Focuses on the design of robust HDS in a logical and clear manner

* Applies the hybrid control systems framework to two classical robust control problems: design of an optimal stable controller for a linear system and simultaneous stabilization of a collection of plants

* Presents a detailed treatment of stability and H-infinity control problems for a class of HDS

* Covers recent original results with complete mathematically rigorous proofs

Researchers and postgraduate students in control engineering, applied mathematics, and theoretical computer science will find this book covers the latest results on this important area of research. Advanced engineering practitioners and applied researchers working in areas of controlengineering, signal processing, communications, and fault detection will find this book an up-to-date resource.

This work is Volume II of a two-volume monograph on the theory of deterministic parsing of context-free grammars. Volume I, "Languages and Parsing" (Chapters 1 to 5), was an introduction to the basic concepts of formal language theory and context-free parsing. Volume II (Chapters 6 to 10) contains a thorough treat ment of the theory of the two most important deterministic parsing methods: LR(k) and LL(k) parsing. Volume II is a continuation of Volume I; together these two volumes form an integrated work, with chapters, theorems, lemmas, etc. numbered consecutively. Volume II begins with Chapter 6 in which the classical con structions pertaining to LR(k) parsing are presented. These include the canonical LR(k) parser, and its reduced variants such as the LALR(k) parser and the SLR(k) parser. The grammarclasses for which these parsers are deterministic are called LR(k) grammars, LALR(k) grammars and SLR(k) grammars; properties of these grammars are also investigated in Chapter 6. A great deal of attention is paid to the rigorous development of the theory: detailed mathematical proofs are provided for most of the results presented."

This book provides a first-of-its-kind approach for using blockchain to enhance resilience in disaster supply chain and logistics management, especially when dealing with dynamic communication, relief operations, prioritization, coordination, and distribution of scarce resources - these are elements of volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) describing a dynamic environment that now form the "new norm" for many leaders. Blockchain-Enabled Resilience: An Integrated Approach for Disaster Supply Chain and Logistics Management analyzes the application of blockchain technology used to enable resilience in a disaster supply chain network. It discusses IoT and DVFS algorithms for developing a network-based simulation and presents advancements in disaster supply chain strategies using smart contacts for collaborations. The book covers how success is based on collaboration, coordination, sovereignty, and equality in distributing resources and offers a theoretical analysis that reveals that enhancing resilience can improve collaboration and communication and can result in more time-efficient processing for disaster supply management. This book provides a first-of-its-kind approach for managers and policy-makers as well as researchers interested in using blockchain to enhance resilience in disaster supply chains, especially when dealing with dynamic communication, relief operations, prioritization, coordination, and distribution of scarce resources. Practical guidance is provided for managers interested in implementation. A robust research agenda is also provided for those interested in expanding present research.

As its name implies, the aim of Systems Design and Engineering: Facilitating Multidisciplinary Development Projects is to help systems engineers develop the skills and thought processes needed to successfully develop and implement engineered systems. Such expertise typically does not come through study but from action, hard work, and cooperation. To that end, the authors have chosen a "hands-on" approach for presenting material rather than concentrating on theory, as so often is the case in a classroom setting. This attractive and accessible text is a mix of theory and practical approach, illustrated with examples that have enough richness and variability to hold your attention. Models are presented for controlling the design, change, and engineering processes. Various aspects of systems engineering and methods providing the big picture at system level are discussed. In some ways, you can think of the book as a compact "starter's kit" for systems engineers. Although the authors are recognized experts in academic settings, they attribute much of their success in systems engineering to their own hands-on experiences and want to show you how to achieve that same level of expertise. Simply reading this book or any other book will not suffice for the learning process to become a systems engineer - no book will do that. However, by following the principles laid out in this book, you can develop the necessary skills and expertise to help you start an interesting, challenging, and rewarding career as a systems engineer.

Model checking is a powerful approach for the formal verification of software. When applicable, it automatically provides complete proofs of correctness, or explains, via counter-examples, why a system is not correct.This book provides a basic introduction to this new technique. The first part describes in simple terms the theoretical basis of model checking: transition systems as a formal model of systems, temporal logic as a formal language for behavioral properties, and model-checking algorithms. The second part explains how to write rich and structured temporal logic specifications in practice, while the third part surveys some of the major model checkers available.

Improvement in the quality of integrated circuit designs and a designer's productivity can be achieved by a combination of two factors: Using more structured design methodologies for extensive reuse of existing components and subsystems. It seems that 70% of new designs correspond to existing components that cannot be reused because of a lack of methodologies and tools. Providing higher level design tools allowing to start from a higher level of abstraction. After the success and the widespread acceptance of logic and RTL synthesis, the next step is behavioral synthesis, commonly called architectural or high-level synthesis. Behavioral Synthesis and Component Reuse with VHDL provides methods and techniques for VHDL based behavioral synthesis and component reuse. The goal is to develop VHDL modeling strategies for emerging behavioral synthesis tools. Special attention is given to structured and modular design methods allowing hierarchical behavioral specification and design reuse. The goal of this book is not to discuss behavioral synthesis in general or to discuss a specific tool but to describe the specific issues related to behavioral synthesis of VHDL description. This book targets designers who have to use behavioral synthesis tools or who wish to discover the real possibilities of this emerging technology. The book will also be of interest to teachers and students interested to learn or to teach VHDL based behavioral synthesis.

Resilience Engineering (RE) studies have successfully identified and described many instances of resilient performance in high hazard sectors as well as in the far more frequent cases where people and organisations cope with the uncertainties of daily operations. Since RE was first described in 2006, a steady accumulation of insights and efforts have provided the basis for practical tools and methods. This development has been documented by a series of texts in the Resilience Engineering Perspectives series as well as by a growing number of papers and reports. This book encapsulates the essential practical lessons learned from the use of Resilience Engineering (RE) for over ten years. The main contents are a series of chapters written by those who have been instrumental in these applications. To increase the value for the reader, each chapter will include: rationale for the overall approach; data sought and reason(s) for choosing; data sources used, data analyses performed, and how recommendations were made and turned into practice. Serving as a reference for practitioners who want to analyse, support, and manage resilient performance, this book also advances research into RE by inquiring why work goes well in unpredictable environments, to improve work performance, or compensate for deficiencies.

With this book, Christopher Kormanyos delivers a highly practical guide to programming real-time embedded microcontroller systems in C++. It is divided into three parts plus several appendices. Part I provides a foundation for real-time C++ by covering language technologies, including object-oriented methods, template programming and optimization. Next, part II presents detailed descriptions of a variety of C++ components that are widely used in microcontroller programming. It details some of C++'s most powerful language elements, such as class types, templates and the STL, to develop components for microcontroller register access, low-level drivers, custom memory management, embedded containers, multitasking, etc. Finally, part III describes mathematical methods and generic utilities that can be employed to solve recurring problems in real-time C++. The appendices include a brief C++ language tutorial, information on the real-time C++ development environment and instructions for building GNU GCC cross-compilers and a microcontroller circuit. For this fourth edition, the most recent specification of C++20 is used throughout the text. Several sections on new C++20 functionality have been added, and various others reworked to reflect changes in the standard. Also several new example projects ranging from introductory to advanced level are included and existing ones extended, and various reader suggestions have been incorporated. Efficiency is always in focus and numerous examples are backed up with runtime measurements and size analyses that quantify the true costs of the code down to the very last byte and microsecond. The target audience of this book mainly consists of students and professionals interested in real-time C++. Readers should be familiar with C or another programming language and will benefit most if they have had some previous experience with microcontroller electronics and the performance and size issues prevalent in embedded systems programming.

Swarm system, also known as multi-agent system, refers to a system composed of multiple subsystems (agents) with certain communication, calculation, decision-making, and action capabilities through local information interaction, such as a group of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), satellites, etc. Formation tracking control of swarm systems is an important technical support and approach for the emergence of swarm intelligence at motion control level. By applying formation tracking control, swarm system agents can adjust their relations in the state or output space through neighboring information interaction, and then the swarm system can achieve favorable space-time conditions for many cooperative tasks such as source seeking, target enclosing, and surveillance. Thus, complex missions can be performed efficiently or cost-effectively. In cross-domain collaborative applications, including air-ground coordination and air-sea coordination, swarm systems are usually composed of several heterogeneous agents, and swarm intelligence can be enhanced by complementary functions of different agents. How to achieve time-varying formation tracking for heterogeneous swarm systems is crucial for cross-domain coordination, which has important theoretical value and practical significance. This important book presents a systematic theoretical approach and control framework on the time-varying formation tracking for high-order heterogeneous swarm systems. Distributed controller design and stability analysis of closed-loop systems for several specific formation tracking problems are provided. Furthermore, the proposed control approaches are applied to practical cooperative experiment platforms composed of UAVs and UGVs, and several formation tracking experiments are carried out to further verify the effectiveness of the theories.

Reservation procedures constitute the core of many popular data transmission protocols. They consist of two steps: A request phase in which a station reserves the communication channel and a transmission phase in which the actual data transmission takes place. Such procedures are often applied in communication networks that are characterised by a shared communication channel with large round-trip times.

In this book, we propose queuing models for situations that require a reservation procedure and validate their applicability in the context of cable networks.

We offer various mathematical models to better understand the performance of these reservation procedures. The book covers four key performance models, and modifications to these: Contention trees, the repairman model, the bulk service queue, and tandem queues.

The relevance of this book is not limited to reservation procedures and cable networks, and performance analysts from a variety of areas may benefit, as all models have found application in other fields as well.

The time evol11tion of many physical phenomena in nat11re can be de scribed by partial differential eq11ations. To analyze and control the dynamic behavior of s11ch systems. infinite dimensional system theory was developed and has been refined over the past several decades. In recent years. stim11lated by the applications arising from space exploration. a11tomated manufact11ring, and other areas of technological advancement, major progress has been made in both theory and control technology associated with infinite dimensional systems. For example, new conditions in the time domain and frequency domain have been derived which guarantee that a Co-semigroup is exponen tially stable; new feedback control laws helVe been proposed to exponentially;;tabilize beam. wave, and thermoelastic equations; and new methods have been developed which allow us to show that the spectrum-determined growth condition holds for a wide class of systems. Therefore, there is a need for a reference book which presents these restllts in an integrated fashion. Complementing the existing books, e. g . . 1]. 41]. and 128]. this book reports some recent achievements in stability and feedback stabilization of infinite dimensional systems. In particular, emphasis will be placed on the second order partial differential equations. such as Euler-Bernoulli beam equations. which arise from control of numerous mechanical systems stich as flexible robot arms and large space structures. We will be focusing on new results. most of which are our own recently obtained research results."

Over the last two decades, a major challenge for researchers working on modeling and evaluation of computer-based systems has been the assessment of system Non Functional Properties (NFP) such as performance, scalability, dependability and security.

In this book, the authors present cutting-edge model-driven techniques for modeling and analysis of software dependability. Most of them are based on the use of UML as software specification language. From the software system specification point of view, such techniques exploit the standard extension mechanisms of UML (i.e., UML profiling). UML profiles enable software engineers to add non-functional properties to the software model, in addition to the functional ones. The authors detail the state of the art on UML profile proposals for dependability specification and rigorously describe the trade-off they accomplish. The focus is mainly on RAMS (reliability, availability, maintainability and safety) properties. Among the existing profiles, they emphasize the DAM (Dependability Analysis and Modeling) profile, which attempts to unify, under a common umbrella, the previous UML profiles from literature, providing capabilities for dependability specification and analysis. In addition, they describe two prominent model-to-model transformation techniques, which support the generation of the analysis model and allow for further assessment of different RAMS properties. Case studies from different domains are also presented, in order to provide practitioners with examples of how to apply the aforementioned techniques.

Researchers and students will learn basic dependability concepts and how to model them usingUML and its extensions. They will also gain insights into dependability analysis techniques through the use of appropriate modeling formalisms as well as of model-to-model transformation techniques for deriving dependability analysis models from UML specifications. Moreover, software practitioners will find a unified framework for the specification of dependability requirements and properties of UML, and will benefit from the detailed case studies."

Nature-Inspired Optimization Algorithms, a comprehensive work on the most popular optimization algorithms based on nature, starts with an overview of optimization going from the classical to the latest swarm intelligence algorithm. Nature has a rich abundance of flora and fauna that inspired the development of optimization techniques, providing us with simple solutions to complex problems in an effective and adaptive manner. The study of the intelligent survival strategies of animals, birds, and insects in a hostile and ever-changing environment has led to the development of techniques emulating their behavior. This book is a lucid description of fifteen important existing optimization algorithms based on swarm intelligence and superior in performance. It is a valuable resource for engineers, researchers, faculty, and students who are devising optimum solutions to any type of problem ranging from computer science to economics and covering diverse areas that require maximizing output and minimizing resources. This is the crux of all optimization algorithms. Features: Detailed description of the algorithms along with pseudocode and flowchart Easy translation to program code that is also readily available in Mathworks website for some of the algorithms Simple examples demonstrating the optimization strategies are provided to enhance understanding Standard applications and benchmark datasets for testing and validating the algorithms are included This book is a reference for undergraduate and post-graduate students. It will be useful to faculty members teaching optimization. It is also a comprehensive guide for researchers who are looking for optimizing resources in attaining the best solution to a problem. The nature-inspired optimization algorithms are unconventional, and this makes them more efficient than their traditional counterparts.

Terraform has become a key player in the DevOps world for defining, launching, and managing infrastructure as code (IaC) across a variety of cloud and virtualization platforms, including AWS, Google Cloud, Azure, and more. This hands-on third edition, expanded and thoroughly updated for version 1.0 and beyond, shows you the fastest way to get up and running with Terraform. Gruntwork cofounder Yevgeniy (Jim) Brikman walks you through code examples that demonstrate Terraform's simple, declarative programming language for deploying and managing infrastructure with a few commands. Veteran sysadmins, DevOps engineers, and novice developers will quickly go from Terraform basics to running a full stack that can support a massive amount of traffic and a large team of developers. Compare Terraform with Chef, Puppet, Ansible, CloudFormation, Docker, and Packer Deploy servers, load balancers, and databases Create reusable infrastructure with Terraform modules Test your Terraform modules with static analysis, unit tests, and integration tests Configure CI/CD pipelines for both your apps and infrastructure code Use advanced Terraform syntax for loops, conditionals, and zero-downtime deployment New to the third edition: Get up to speed on Terraform 0.13 to 1.0 and beyond Manage secrets (passwords, API keys) with Terraform Work with multiple clouds and providers (including Kubernetes!)

Distributed Systems: Concurrency and Consistency explores the gray area of distributed systems and draws a map of weak consistency criteria, identifying several families and demonstrating how these may be implemented into a programming language. Unlike their sequential counterparts, distributed systems are much more difficult to design, and are therefore prone to problems. On a large scale, usability reminiscent of sequential consistency, which would provide the same global view to all users, is very expensive or impossible to achieve. This book investigates the best ways to specify the objects that are still possible to implement in these systems.

Verification isjob one in today's modem design process. Statistics tell us that the verification process takes up a majority of the overall work. Chips that come back dead on arrival scream that verification is at fault for not finding the mistakes. How do we ensure success? After an accomplishment, have you ever had someone ask you, "Are you good or are you just lucky?"? Many design projects depend on blind luck in hopes that the chip will work. Other's, just adamantly rely on their own abilities to bring the chip to success. ill either case, how can we tell the difference between being good or lucky? There must be a better way not to fail. Failure. No one likes to fail. ill his book, "The Logic of Failure," Dietrich Domer argues that failure does not just happen. A series of wayward steps leads to disaster. Often these wayward steps are not really logical, decisive steps, but more like default omissions. Anti-planning if you will, an ad-hoc approach to doing something. To not plan then, is to fail.

1 uniquely integrates essentials from vehicle dynamics and control theory for controller design with NI LabVIEW at the level of practical applications 2 Provides new features in the modelling of drivetrain configuration, regenerative braking, rollover dynamics for model-based control 3 Shares advanced controller designs that have yet to be published 4 Provides mathematical models of vehicle behavior of vehicles that move dynamically in the presence of disturbances to the motion 5 Demonstrates what a control design engineer can do to practically achieve the desired vehicle behavior based on mathematical models

Queueing theory applications can be discovered in many walks of life including; transportation, manufacturing, telecommunications, computer systems and more. However, the most prevalent applications of queueing theory are in the telecommunications field. Queueing Theory for Telecommunications: Discrete Time Modelling of a Single Node System focuses on discrete time modeling and illustrates that most queueing systems encountered in real life can be set up as a Markov chain. This feature is very unique because the models are set in such a way that matrix-analytic methods are used to analyze them. Queueing Theory for Telecommunications: Discrete Time Modelling of a Single Node System is the most relevant book available on queueing models designed for applications to telecommunications. This book presents clear concise theories behind how to model and analyze key single node queues in discrete time using special tools that were presented in the second chapter. The text also delves into the types of single node queues that are very frequently encountered in telecommunication systems modeling, and provides simple methods for analyzing them. Where appropriate, alternative analysis methods are also presented. This book is for advanced-level students and researchers concentrating on engineering, computer science and mathematics as a secondary text or reference book. Professionals who work in the related industries of telecommunications, industrial engineering and communications engineering will find this book useful as well.

This comprehensive volume is the product of an intensive collaborative effort among researchers across the United States, Europe and Japan. The result -- a change in the way we think of humans and computers.

This book provides a comprehensive reference in large data center networking. It first summarizes the developing trend of DCNs, and reports four novel DCNs, including a switch-centric DCN, a modular DCN, a wireless DCN, and a hybrid DCN. Furthermore another important factor in DCN targets at managing and optimizing the network activity at the level of transfers to aggregate correlated data flows and thus directly to lower down the network traffic resulting from such data transfers. In particular, the book reports the in-network aggregation of incast transfer, shuffle transfer, uncertain incast transfer, and the cooperative scheduling of uncertain multicast transfer.

Besides scheduling problems for single and parallel machines and shop scheduling problems, this book covers advanced models involving due-dates, sequence dependent changeover times and batching. Discussion also extends to multiprocessor task scheduling and problems with multi-purpose machines. Among the methods used to solve these problems are linear programming, dynamic programming, branch-and-bound algorithms, and local search heuristics. The text goes on to summarize complexity results for different classes of deterministic scheduling problems.

This book defines an agenda for research in information management and systems for media and entertainment industries. It highlights their particular needs in production, distribution, and consumption. Chapters are written by practitioners and researchers from around the world, who examine business information management and systems in the larger context of media and entertainment industries. Human, management, technological, and content creation aspects are covered in order to provide a unique viewpoint. With great interdisciplinary scope, the book provides a roadmap of research challenges and a structured approach for future development across areas such as social media, eCommerce, and eBusiness. Chapters address the tremendous challenges in organization, leadership, customer behavior, and technology that face the entertainment and media industries every day, including the transformation of the analog media world into its digital counterpart. Professionals or researchers involved with IT systems management, information policies, technology development or content creation will find this book an essential resource. It is also a valuable tool for academics or advanced-level students studying digital media or information systems.