Nachhaltiges Handeln gewinnt vor allem durch den Klimawandel stark an Bedeutung. Das Human Resources Management ubernimmt in diesem Zusammenhang die Verantwortung, Personalprozesse so zu gestalten, dass eine Win-win-Situation fur Unternehmen, Arbeitnehmende und die Umwelt generiert wird. Diese Studie stellt den Menschen in das Zentrum des betrieblichen Handelns. Auf dieser Basis werden Personalprozesse nach oekonomischen, sozialen und oekologischen Faktoren untersucht. Kosten- und Nutzenanalysen zeigen den Mehrwert dieser neu ausgerichteten prozessorientierten Personalfunktionen auf und regen zu pragmatischen Veranderungen an. Als Ergebnis wird ein innovatives Konzept vorgestellt, das fur die nachhaltige Gestaltung operativer Personalmanagementprozesse in der betrieblichen Praxis anwendbar ist.

Modern-day tax treaties have their foundations in one of the three Model Tax Treaties developed by the League of Nations in 1928. Using previously unexplored archival material, Sunita Jogarajan provides the first in-depth examination of the development of the League's Models. This new research provides insights into questions such as the importance of double taxation versus tax evasion; the preference for source-taxation versus residence-taxation; the influence of theory and practice on the League's work; the development of bilateral rather than multilateral treaties; the influence of developing countries on the League's work; the role of Commentary in interpreting model tax treaties; and the influential factors and key individuals involved. A better understanding of the development of the original models will inform and help guide interpretation and reform of modern-day tax treaties. Additionally, this book will be of interest to scholars of international relations and the development of law at international organisations.

Seventy-five percent of Americans claim religious affiliation, which can impact their taxpaying responsibilities. In this illuminating book, Samuel D. Brunson describes the many problems and breakdowns that can occur when tax meets religion in the United States, and shows how the US government has too often responded to these issues in an unprincipled, ad hoc manner. God and the IRS offers a better framework to understand tax and religion. It should be read by scholars of religion and the law, policymakers, and individuals interested in understanding the implications of taxation on their religious practices.

In Central America, dynamic economic actors have inserted themselves into global markets. Elites atop these sectors attempt to advance a state-building project that will allow them to expand their activities and access political power, but they differ in their internal cohesion and their dominance with respect to other groups, especially previously constituted elites and popular sectors. Differences in resulting state-building patterns are expressed in the capacity to mobilize revenues from the most dynamic sectors in quantities sufficient to undertake public endeavors, and in a relatively universal fashion across sectors. Historical, quantitative, and qualitative detail on the five countries of Central America are followed by a focus on El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala. The greatest changes have occurred in El Salvador, and Honduras has made some advances, although they are almost as quickly reversed by incentives, exemptions, and special arrangements for particular producers. Guatemala has raised revenues only marginally and failed to address problems of inequity across sectors and between rich and poor.

The Thoroughly Updated Guide to Reducing Tax Liability for the Trader and Serious Investor

What would you do to increase your trading profits by as much as 50%? Most traders and investors would do whatever it takes. Those same traders will much to often what the profits earned with their blood, sweat and tears shrink considerable as they prepare their tax returns. You have in your hands the easy-to-use tools that will protect your hard earned assets. Packed with proven strategies that reduce your tax exposure this comprehensive guide is completely updated with information and strategies for the most recent tax changes.

Here are invaluable business, estate, retirement planning, and tax-saving strategies that virtually anyone can implement within the new tax laws. It is simple to use and includes specific information to help traders reduce their tax liability, with individual case studies, real-world examples, and model tax returns. CPA and expert tax consultant Ted Tesser provides current solutions for the tax problems facing most U.S. traders, investors, and income earners today-excessive tax payments to federal and local governments, insufficient preparation for retirement, and, ultimately, the fate of bequests. In this book, Tesser shows everyone concerned: How to disinherit the federal governmentHow Trader Status is upheld, even under auditHow to augment underfunded retirement plansHow to master the basiscs of estate tax planningHow to integrate the "triple crown"-Tesser's latest strategy for tax avoidance and wealth accumulation-into your trading plan and much more.

Keep the profits you work so hard to earn, whether from trading, investing, or hard work-and take control of your financial destiny. The NEW Trader's Tax Solution has puts years of experience at your fingertips.

With the "triple crown," you will learn how to unleash the full power of Trader Status by combining it with a Trading Entity. You will also learn how to establish a Wlfare Benefit Trust to accomplish all these goals and more. This program enables you to take advantage of little known facets fot he tax law that have been on the books for almost three-quarters of a century. You'll learn how to: Contribute and deduct substantial amounts of money over any period of timeGrow the principle in a fully tax-defered, 100% secure environmentAccess the money at a future date, not limited by age, income, or retirement plan statusAvoid the restrictions of ordinary retirement plans by using the same techniques that have been used by America's largest corporations since 1928

Whether you are looking for last minute tax saving tips or trading techniques that position you for the optimal tax reduction, The NEW Trader's Tax Solution is a must-have addition to any trading library.

Get the government to pick up the tab on this years trading profits, foot the bill for any trading losses, and increase your wealth by 50%, instantly. After putting Trader Status on the map, Tesser now takes it to another dimension, complete with real world case studies, illustrations, templates, and filled-out, ready to be filed tax forms.

Part of a series dealing with all aspects of taxation, including tax policy and issues at the federal, state, local, or international level. The series primarily publishes empirical studies that address compliance, computer usage, education, legal, planning, or policy issues.

This book explores the politics of fiscal authority, focusing on the centralization of taxation in Latin America during the twentieth century. The book studies this issue in great detail for the case of Mexico. The political (and fiscal) fragmentation associated with civil war at the beginning of the century was eventually transformed into a highly centralized regime. The analysis shows that fiscal centralization can best be studied as the consequence of a bargain struck between self-interested regional and national politicians. Fiscal centralization was more extreme in Mexico than in most other places in the world, but the challenges and problems tackled by Mexican politicians were not unique. The book thus analyzes fiscal centralization and the origins of intergovernmental financial transfers in the other Latin American federal regimes, Argentina, Brazil, and Venezuela. The analysis sheds light on the factors that explain the consolidation of tax authority in developing countries.

This volume of essays explores the history of the US tax mission to Japan during the occupation following World War II. Under General MacArthur, economist Carl S. Shoup led the mission with the charge of framing a tax system for Japan designed to strengthen democracy and accelerate economic recovery. The volume examines the sources, conduct and effects of the mission and situates the mission within the history of international financial and fiscal reform. The book begins by establishing the context of progressive social investigations of taxation, including Shoup's earlier tax missions to France and Cuba. It then goes on to explore the Japanese background to the Shoup mission and the process by which American and Japanese tax experts shaped their recommendations. The book then assesses and explains the mission's accomplishments in the context of the political economies of the United States and Japan. It concludes by analyzing the global implications of the mission, which became iconic among international tax reformers.

Tax Staff Essentials, Level 2: Experienced Staff (49 CPE Credits) is designed for junior tax staff who want to take on a wider variety of firm engagements and establish a supervisory role within the firm. Level 2 will broaden your tax knowledge in the areas of multistate taxation, C Corporations, accounting methods and periods and choice of entity. Key subject matters covered include Inventory Valuation and Property Transactions which will be essential for servicing more complex clients. The Tax Staff Essentials courses establish a strong set of skills necessary to grow the abilities and confidence of junior and senior level staff, allowing them to work with greater independence and expand their role in your firm. Note: This course has been updated for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of 2017 (Tax Reform). Included with your course, you will have free access to a specially-prepared Course Supplement that provides an explanation of the key provisions of TCJA (including topics not covered in your course). Courses Included: Tax Research II Multistate Taxation Tax Accounting for Inventories Taxation of Property Transactions Intermediate Individual Taxation Taxation of Corporations Accounting Methods and Periods Choice of & Formation of Entity This comprehensive, integrated curriculum provides tax training for four different experience levels and is available in four different formats: Online, On-site, Tax Schools and Webcasts. Key Topics New individual income tax rates New corporate tax rates New pass-through income rules The qualified business income (QBI) deduction New rules for certain credits and deductions C Corporation formation and Section 1244 Stock Corporate net operating losses Salaries, employee benefits, and retirement plans Taxation of property transactions under IRC sections 1231, 1245, 1250 LLC formation and Check-the-Box rules Partnership and LLC profit and loss allocations Multistate Income apportionment and allocation Nexus, UDITPA, MTC Section 263A, Inventory methods Choosing an Accounting Method Accounting Method changes Learning Objectives Identify the benefits of forming a corporation Understand reasonable compensation issues with respect to a Closely Held Business Analyze the best retirement plan recommendation for a corporation Describe how partnerships and LLCs opting to be treated as partnerships will report their federal taxable income to the IRS Determine the tax basis of assets transferred to a partnership or LLC at formation Explain the deferral of realized gain or loss on a like-kind property exchange Recognize the potential impact of depreciation recapture Explain the allowable inventory valuation methods for tax purposes and how to choose the most beneficial in various scenarios Estimate the tax value of ending inventory under the chosen method Understand and apply the basic rules for a change in accounting method Prepare the Federal Form 3115 - Application for Change in Accounting Method and understand how and when this form should be filed by the taxpayer Understand the key principles of multistate taxation Distinguish differences between apportionment and allocation of income Develop basic approaches to state income tax planning with emphasis on the latest developments in economic nexus Credit Info CPE CREDITS: Online: 49.0 (CPE credit info) NASBA FIELD OF STUDY: Taxes LEVEL: Intermediate PREREQUISITES: Tax Staff with 1-3 years of experience ADVANCE PREPARATION: None DELIVERY METHOD: QAS Self-Study COURSE ACRONYM: TSE.Level 2 Online Access Instructions A personal pin code is enclosed in the physical packaging that may be activated online upon receipt. Once activated, you will gain immediate online access to the product. System Requirements AICPA's online CPE courses will operate in a variety of configurations, but only the configuration described below is supported by AICPA technicians. A stable and continuous internet connection is required. In order to record your completion of the online learning courses, please ensure you are connected to the internet at all times while taking the course. It is your responsibility to validate that CPE certificate(s) are available within your account after successfully completing the course and/or exam. Supported Operating Systems: Macintosh OS X 10.10 to present Windows 7 to present Supported Browsers: Apple Safari Google Chrome Microsoft Internet Explorer Mozilla Firefox Required Browser Plug-ins: Adobe Flash Adobe Acrobat Reader Technical Support: Please contact [email protected].

Why are so many trapped in poverty, when others are grossly well-off? Why are house prices continuously rising faster than inflation? Why do people so often find themselves in jobs that give them little sense of fulfilment? Why is a multi-national coffee shop franchise not actually making its money from coffee. These questions have confronted the UK economy for decades without resolution by governments of the right or left. It is the failure of economics, the author argues. Economists have long asserted that three factors of production, land, labour and capital, lie at the root of their subject. Yet in the development of the subject into theories and practical applications there has been a thorough analysis of labour and capital but a grievous omission of the factor of land. This is reflected in the minimal place it holds in modern textbooks, in popular discussion and political debate. Much of the argument about major issues, like industrial policy, the distribution of wealth and income and government policy reverts to a polarised struggle between two antagonists, labour and capital. The third factor, land, hides in the background unacknowledged yet exerting a major influence on the outcome of the whole economic process. What needs to change, the author argues, are deeply embedded features, which have generally been established for a very long time. They are principally the taxation system, the land tenure system, and the banking system. Review copies and media publicity is being sought as the subject matter of the book is very topical - the general recognition that the system isn't working for all.

Mit zwei Urteilen vom 04. Juli 2017 erklarte der Bundesgerichtshof eine zwischen Kreditinstituten und Unternehmen vereinbarte Vertragsklausel uber ein "Bearbeitungsentgelt fur Vertragsschluss" fur unwirksam. Aufgrund der verbreiteten Verwendung solcher Klauseln in der Unternehmensfinanzierung und deren langjahriger Billigung durch die Rechtsprechung hat diese Entscheidung weitreichende Konsequenzen. Vor diesem Hintergrund zeigt der Autor, dass weiterhin ein praktisches Bedurfnis fur die rechtssichere Vereinbarung von Bankentgelten besteht. Am Beispiel von Entgeltklauseln stellt er dar, dass die AGB-Kontrolle im unternehmerischen Geschaftsverkehr auf flexible Gestaltungen und einen differenzierten Auslegungsmassstab angewiesen ist.