This book consists of selected peer-reviewed papers presented at the NAFEMS India Regional Conference (NIRC 2018). It covers current topics related to advances in computer aided design and manufacturing. The book focuses on the latest developments in engineering modelling and simulation, and its application to various complex engineering systems. Finite element method/finite element analysis, computational fluid dynamics, and additive manufacturing are some of the key topics covered in this book. The book aims to provide a better understanding of contemporary product design and analyses, and hence will be useful for researchers, academicians, and professionals.

"111 Questions and Answers in Packaging Technology" is a practical educational reference and detailed study guide for those aspiring to become packaging professionals through formal and informal training.

Sola Somade and Tunji Adegboye together possess over thirty years of experience in handling packaging matters at both Unilever and Cadbury Nigeria Plc and offer not only their hands-on experience as packaging developers, quality managers, and buyers, but also share questions from former papers and lecture notes from the Institute of Packaging. Students from all over the world who want to learn how to write professional packaging examinations will benefit from the information included as they prepare for the various stages of their examinations. Seasoned practitioners will receive tips on how to demystify key areas of packaging that cause anxiety, helpful suggestions on solving basic calculations and developing unique formats with language easily understood by clients and other stakeholders, and effective ways to make sound economic decisions on packaging material choice. Other issues relevant to each of the major packaging materials known to modern civilization are also covered.

Packaging is a universal subject that affects social and economic life in many ways. "111 Questions and Answers" provides valuable insight into a unique industry.

This collection presents papers on the science, engineering, and technology of shape castings, with contributions from researchers worldwide. Among the topics that are addressed are structure-property-performance relationships, modeling of casting processes, and the effect of casting defects on the mechanical properties of cast alloys.

Nam P. Suh focussed his axiomatic design theories on methods to understand and deal with complexity. Suh is a well-respected designer and researcher in the fields of manufacturing and composite materials. He is best known for his systems that aim to speed up and simplify the process of design for manufacturing. The 'axioms' in axiomatic design refer to a process to help engineers reduce design specifications down to their simplest components, so that the engineers can produce the simplest possible solution to a problem. Complexity, besides being a key area of burgeoning research in disciplines interested in complex systems and chaos theory (like computer science and physics), is a complicating factor in engineering design that many engineers find difficult to overcome. Suh's multidisciplinary exploration of complex systems is meant to eliminate much of the confusion and allow engineers to accommodate complexity within simple, elegant design solutions.

This book provides a review of the latest research on emotion in engineering, with a particular focus on design and manufacturing. Topics include experience, happiness, cognitive science, neuroscience, additive manufacturing, universal design, branding, teamwork. Throughout the book, the emotions of the end users of engineering products are discussed, as well as the perspective of the expert. The book provides researchers, students, and practicing engineers with an opportunity to examine research and practice in engineering from a different perspective, and offers pointers to how to collaborate with people from other fields to help achieve a more connected society.

This book treats dynamic stability of structures under nonconservative forces. it is not a mathematics-based, but rather a dynamics-phenomena-oriented monograph, written with a full experimental background. Starting with fundamentals on stability of columns under nonconservative forces, it then deals with the divergence of Euler's column under a dead (conservative) loading from a view point of dynamic stability. Three experiments with cantilevered columns under a rocket-based follower force are described to present the verifiability of nonconservative problems of structural stability. Dynamic stability of columns under pulsating forces is discussed through analog experiments, and by analytical and experimental procedures together with related theories. Throughout the volume the authors retain a good balance between theory and experiments on dynamic stability of columns under nonconservative loading, offering a new window to dynamic stability of structures, promoting student- and scientist-friendly experiments.

This book aims to help the reader to understand what motivates people to engage in risk taking behavior, such as participating in traffic, sports, financial investments, or courtship. The consequences of risk taking may be positive, or result in accidents and injuries, especially in traffic. The wealth of studies and theories (about 1000 references) is used to offer a cohesive, holistic view of risk motivation. The risk motivation theory is a dynamic state-trait model incorporating physiological, emotional and cognitive components of risk perception, processing and planning. If a deficit exists between desired and perceived risk, risk compensation behavior results. A feedback loop provides new information for the next perception-motivation-behavior process. Assumptions were tested and support was found with 120 subjects in a longitudinal study. The concepts and findings are discussed in relation to psychological theories and their meaning for our daily lives.

This book presents the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Computer Aided Engineering, collecting the best papers from the event, which was held in Wroclaw, Poland in June 2018. It includes contributions from researchers in computer engineering addressing the applied science and development of the industry and offering up-to-date information on the development of the key technologies in technology transfer. It is divided into the following thematic sections: * parametric and concurrent design, * advanced numerical simulations of physical systems, * integration of CAD/CAE systems for machine design, * presentation of professional CAD and CAE systems, * presentation of the modern methods of machine testing, * presentation of practical CAD/CAM/CAE applications: - designing and manufacturing of machines and technical systems, - durability prediction, repairs and retrofitting of power equipment, - strength and thermodynamic analyses of power equipment, - design and calculation of various types of load-carrying structures, - numerical methods of dimensioning materials handling and long-distance transport equipment (cranes, gantries, automotive, rail, air, space and other special vehicles and earth-moving machinery), * CAE integration problems. The conference and its proceedings offer a major interdisciplinary forum for researchers and engineers in innovative studies and advances in this dynamic field.

The book focuses on the next fields of computer science: combinatorial optimization, scheduling theory, decision theory, and computer-aided production management systems. It also offers a quick introduction into the theory of PSC-algorithms, which are a new class of efficient methods for intractable problems of combinatorial optimization. A PSC-algorithm is an algorithm which includes: sufficient conditions of a feasible solution optimality for which their checking can be implemented only at the stage of a feasible solution construction, and this construction is carried out by a polynomial algorithm (the first polynomial component of the PSC-algorithm); an approximation algorithm with polynomial complexity (the second polynomial component of the PSC-algorithm); also, for NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems, an exact subalgorithm if sufficient conditions were found, fulfilment of which during the algorithm execution turns it into a polynomial complexity algorithm. Practitioners and software developers will find the book useful for implementing advanced methods of production organization in the fields of planning (including operative planning) and decision making. Scientists, graduate and master students, or system engineers who are interested in problems of combinatorial optimization, decision making with poorly formalized overall goals, or a multiple regression construction will benefit from this book.

The need for a scientifically literate citizenry, one that is able to think critically and engage productively in the engineering design process, has never been greater. By raising engineering design to the same level as scientific inquiry the Next Generation Science Standards' (NGSS) have signaled their commitment to the integration of engineering design into the fabric of science education. This call has raised many critical questions...How well do these new standards represent what actually engineers do? Where do the deep connections among science and engineering practices lie? To what extent can (or even should) science and engineering practices co-exist in formal and informal educational spaces? Which of the core science concepts are best to leverage in the pursuit of coherent and compelling integration of engineering practices? What science important content may be pushed aside? This book, tackles many of these tough questions head on. All of the contributing authors consider the same core question: Given the rapidly changing landscape of science education, including the elevated status of engineering design, what are the best approaches to the effective integration of the science and engineering practices? They answered with rich descriptions of pioneering approaches, critical insights, and useful practical examples of how embodying a culture of interdisciplinarity and innovation can fuel the development of a scientifically literate citizenry . This collection of work builds traversable bridges across diverse research communities and begins to break down long standing disciplinary silos that have historically often hamstrung well-meaning efforts to bring research and practice from science and engineering together in meaningful and lasting ways.

This thesis describes the physics and computational aspects of an end-to-end simulator to predict the performance of a Space-based Far Infrared Interferometer. The present thesis also includes, the science capabilities and instrumental state-of-the art. The latter is the ambitious next step which the Far-Infrared Astrophysical community needs to take to improve in anyway on the results of the most recent and current space telescopes in this wavelength region. This thesis outlines the requirements involved in such a mission and describes the most promising technique to capture most of the astrophysical information by combining spectroscopy to spatial interferometer. The simulation of such a system is extremely complex requiring multiple Fourier transforms each of which is subject to instrument non-idealities and appropriate optimization techniques. As a conclusion, the thesis provides an example of the basic performance achievable with such an instrument when targeting a young star formation region.

Quality Management in Plastics Processing provides a structured approach to the techniques of quality management, also covering topics of relevance to plastics processors. The book's focus isn't just on implementation of formal quality systems, such as ISO 9001, but about real world, practical guidance in establishing good quality management. Ultimately, improved quality management delivers better products, higher customer satisfaction, increased sales, and reduced operation costs. The book helps practitioners who are wondering how to begin implementing quality management techniques in their business focus on key management and technical issues, including raw materials, processing, and operations. It is a roadmap for all company operations, from people, product design, sales/marketing, and production - all of which are impacted by, and involved in, the implementation of an effective quality management system. Readers in the plastics processing industry will find this comprehensive book to be a valuable resource.

This book presents the proceedings of the 8th Cambridge Workshop on Universal Access and Assistive Technology (CWUAAT '16), incorporating the 11th Cambridge Workshop on Rehabilitation Robotics, held in Cambridge, England in March 2016. It presents novel and state-of-the-art research from an international group of leaders in the fields of universal access and assistive technology. It explores various issues including the reconciliation of usability, accessibility and inclusive design, the design of inclusive assistive and rehabilitation systems, measuring product demand and human capabilities, data mining and visualizing inclusion, legislation in inclusive design, and situational inclusive interfaces (automotive and aerospace). This book provides an invaluable resource to researchers, postgraduates, design practitioners, therapists and clinical practitioners, as well as design teachers.

This book presents a comprehensive mathematical approach for solving stochastic magnetic field problems. It discusses variability in material properties and geometry, with an emphasis on the preservation of structural physical and mathematical properties. It especially addresses uncertainties in the computer simulation of magnetic fields originating from the manufacturing process. Uncertainties are quantified by approximating a stochastic reformulation of the governing partial differential equation, demonstrating how statistics of physical quantities of interest, such as Fourier harmonics in accelerator magnets, can be used to achieve robust designs. The book covers a number of key methods and results such as: a stochastic model of the geometry and material properties of magnetic devices based on measurement data; a detailed description of numerical algorithms based on sensitivities or on a higher-order collocation; an analysis of convergence and efficiency; and the application of the developed model and algorithms to uncertainty quantification in the complex magnet systems used in particle accelerators.

John Gloag (1896-1981) was a leading modernist commentator and anyone with an interest in early and mid-20th Century design will be familiar with his name. He was well known as an author of almost 60 books on architecture, social history and industrial design. Gloag was a member of an elite design culture that was highly visible throughout the 1930s and 40s. Although an ardent reformist with links to a number of prestigious institutions, including RIBA, the RSA, the DIA and the CoID, Gloag's contribution to design reform and to an understanding of a national design tradition, has attracted little scholarly interest. This set addresses that by re-issuing 10 of his most well-received books, many of them amply and beautifully illustrated.

This book offers valuable insights and provides effective tools useful for imagining, creating, and promoting novel and challenging developments in structural mechanics. It addresses a wide range of topics, such as mechanics and geotechnics, vibration and damping, damage and friction, experimental methods, and advanced structural materials. It also discusses analytical, experimental and numerical findings, focusing on theoretical and practical issues and innovations in the field. Collecting some of the latest results from the Lagrange Laboratory, a European scientific research group, mainly consisting of Italian and French engineers, mechanicians and mathematicians, the book presents the most recent example of the long-term scientific cooperation between well-established French and Italian Mechanics, Mathematics and Engineering Schools. It is a valuable resource for postgraduate students, researchers and practitioners dealing with theoretical and practical issues in structural engineering.

The original concept for the Vision in Vehicle series of international conferences was born from discussions within the Applied Vision Association which led eventually to the first conference being held in 1985. Ten years of progress later and this volume presents the selected and edited proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Vision in Vehicles (VIV6) which was held at the University of Derby, 13-16 September 1995. The meeting was organised in association with the Applied Vision Association and the Ergonomics Society.
The conference is unique in the eclectic mix of disciplines which are attracted to the meetings and this enables research inssues to be considered in very broad contexts.

Krieger revisits the ideas of his now infamous article of some thirty years ago in "Science" magazine. His aim is to give an account of design, one that experienced designers will say, 'Yes, That's just what it is like ' At the same time, Krieger offers an analysis of the tensions that design operates within; between perfection and contingency, between wholes and parts, between the talk we make about the world and the world itself.

Krieger takes design--in architecture, landscape, interiors, engineering, and in systems and computer science--to be modeled by traditional theological and artistic problems. And here, he claims, design has traditionally been a redesign of nature. For nature is, as Durkheim would describe it, a totem. Our collective ritual devotion to it allows us to enliven or animate it, and so it may animate us as well. Curiously, much of design and discourse about it now takes place in the computer software engineering world, especially among those concerned with patterns and object- oriented programming. In developing a notion of plastic trees, Krieger probes just what could be wrong with such artifices. As he illustrates, what we call nature is almost always a product of deliberate design. It is as if people make discoveries in exploration, discoveries of places already occupied aboriginally. In essence, he asserts what we actually have is a virtual authenticity, more real than any original could possibly be--since the original was never meant to be sacralized or featured in our lives. A provocative analysis that scholars and students of architecture and planning, environmental studies, engineering and computer science will find stimulating.

This book introduces the basic concepts of contact mechanics, friction, lubrication, and wear mechanisms, providing simplified analytical relationships that are useful for quantitative assessments. Subsequently, an overview on the main wear processes is provided, and guidelines on the most suitable design solutions for each specific application are outlined. The final part of the text is devoted to a description of the main materials and surface treatments specifically developed for tribological applications and to the presentation of tribological systems of particular engineering relevance. The text is up to date with the latest developments in the field of tribology and provides a theoretical framework to explain friction and wear problems, together with practical tools for their resolution. The text is intended for students on Engineering courses (both bachelor and master degrees) who must develop a sound understanding of friction, wear, lubrication, and surface engineering, and for technicians or professionals who need to solve tribological problems in their work.

Creativity and design creativity in particular are being recognized as playing an increasing role in the social and economic wellbeing of a society. As a consequence creativity is becoming a focus of research. However, much of this burgeoning research is distributed across multiple disciplines that normally do not intersect with each other and researchers in one discipline are often unaware of related research in another discipline. This volume brings together contributions from design science, computer science, cognitive science and neuroscience on studying visual and spatial reasoning applicable to design creativity. The book is the result of a unique NSF-funded workshop held in Aix-en-Provence, France. The aim of the workshop and the resulting volume was to allow researchers in disparate disciplines to be exposed to the other's research, research methods and research results within the context of design creativity. Fifteen of the papers presented and discussed at the workshop are contained in this volume. The contributors come from Germany, Israel, Netherlands, Poland, Singapore, UK and USA, indicating the international spread of the research presented in this volume.