This book offers valuable insights and provides effective tools useful for imagining, creating, and promoting novel and challenging developments in structural mechanics. It addresses a wide range of topics, such as mechanics and geotechnics, vibration and damping, damage and friction, experimental methods, and advanced structural materials. It also discusses analytical, experimental and numerical findings, focusing on theoretical and practical issues and innovations in the field. Collecting some of the latest results from the Lagrange Laboratory, a European scientific research group, mainly consisting of Italian and French engineers, mechanicians and mathematicians, the book presents the most recent example of the long-term scientific cooperation between well-established French and Italian Mechanics, Mathematics and Engineering Schools. It is a valuable resource for postgraduate students, researchers and practitioners dealing with theoretical and practical issues in structural engineering.

This book systematically discusses nonlinear interval optimization design theory and methods. Firstly, adopting a mathematical programming theory perspective, it develops an innovative mathematical transformation model to deal with general nonlinear interval uncertain optimization problems, which is able to equivalently convert complex interval uncertain optimization problems to simple deterministic optimization problems. This model is then used as the basis for various interval uncertain optimization algorithms for engineering applications, which address the low efficiency caused by double-layer nested optimization. Further, the book extends the nonlinear interval optimization theory to design problems associated with multiple optimization objectives, multiple disciplines, and parameter dependence, and establishes the corresponding interval optimization models and solution algorithms. Lastly, it uses the proposed interval uncertain optimization models and methods to deal with practical problems in mechanical engineering and related fields, demonstrating the effectiveness of the models and methods.

This book offers readers a simple, attractive, detailed knowledge of TRIZ and applied TRIZ, Technology for Innovation.The genius of Genrich Altshuller and his many followers created TRIZ by using the best practices of thousands of most talented engineers and scientists, which made our technological civilization. TRIZ is a science and philosophy for new system creation and existing systems development, and related problem-solving. TRIZ helps to create the best possible solutions for even the most critical problems. TRIZ is the best we have today on our Planet for industry, technology, business, and education development.As a life philosophy, TRIZ helps realize every human being's privilege and obligation to be a creative person and live a creative and successful life. Applied TRIZ, Technology for Innovation is the process of using all parts of TRIZ combined with other proven design development methods and best practices of effective project teams for a system (products, devices, technologies, services) development and problem-solving.Technology for Innovation is applying through individual innovation Roadmaps for project creation and problem-solving.The structure and content of the book follow the standards and requirements of the curriculum for Universities. This book is a textbook for students and teachers at the university and high school level and a practical handbook for any manager, engineer, and specialist involved in product and technology development. Of course, the author believes it will also be beneficial and enjoyable to anyone with an inquiring mind, irrespective of age, and specialty.

This book presents the proceedings of the first International Upcycling Symposium 2020, held on 4th September 2020 at De Montfort University (DMU) in Leicester, UK (online), as a joint effort between DMU, Lund University, Nottingham Trent University and Newcastle University. This book presents state of the art of research and practice in "upcycling" at the international level. The subject of this book, upcycling, is a term to describe the processes of creating or modifying a product from used or waste materials, components and products, which is of equal or higher quality or value than the compositional elements. This book describes new theories, approaches and scientific research findings related to upcycling and presents examples of upcycling practice, across multiple sectors, scales and contexts. Bringing together research from over 35 multidisciplinary experts, the book discusses state-of-the-art knowledge and practices on upcycling in different geographical, economic, socio-cultural and technological contexts at an international level. Readers will gain fundamental understanding of upcycling with its varied definitions and forms across sectors and scales, and to be informed of the latest upcycling research and practices including valuable ideas, theories, projects, experiences and insights by global experts.

This book contains the description of machines and systems as investments goods in production. These machines have a technological and economical life cycle over the time used. By explaining the paradigms of life cycle management, the book describes how the life cycle of such investment goods can be designed, operated and optimized to deliver maximum benefit in industrial environment. Additional examples from industry including case studies and calculations demonstrate practical applications and deliver benefit not only for academic or educational purpose but also for industrial practitioners.

Including papers from the 9th edition of the International Conference on Computational Methods and Experiments in Material and Contact Characterisation this volume presents the work of selected researchers on the subject. Material and contact characterisation is a rapidly advancing field and this volume contains the latest research. Of particular interest to industry and society is the knowledge of surface treatment and contact mechanics of these materials to determine the in-service behaviour of components subject to contact conditions. Modern society requires systems that operate at conditions that use resources effectively. In terms of components durability, the understanding of surface engineering wear frictional and lubrication dynamics has never been so important. Current research is focussed on modification technologies that can increase the surface durability of materials. The characteristics of the system reveal which surface engineering methods should be chosen and as a consequence it is essential to study the combination of surface treatment and contact mechanics. The accurate characterisation of the physical and chemical properties of materials requires the application of both experimental techniques and computer simulation methods in order to gain a correct analysis. A very wide range of materials, starting with metals through polymers and semiconductors to composites, necessitates a whole spectrum of characteristic experimental techniques and research methods. The papers in the book cover a number of topics, including: Experimental approaches; Recycled materials; Metallic materials; Mechanical properties; Mechanical and thermal properties; Composite materials; Materials for bioengineering applications; Performance based design materials and Numerical models.

The original concept for the Vision in Vehicle series of international conferences was born from discussions within the Applied Vision Association which led eventually to the first conference being held in 1985. Ten years of progress later and this volume presents the selected and edited proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Vision in Vehicles (VIV6) which was held at the University of Derby, 13-16 September 1995. The meeting was organised in association with the Applied Vision Association and the Ergonomics Society.
The conference is unique in the eclectic mix of disciplines which are attracted to the meetings and this enables research inssues to be considered in very broad contexts.

This book introduces state-of-the-art models and methods based on the matrix in the field of product design and change management. It develops several types of matrix models for a broad range of applications, with the goal of efficiently finding product design solutions and proactively analyzing design change propagation. The book offers readers an extensive introduction to design automation, highlighting fundamental and innovative concepts, as well as cutting-edge technologies. Further, it familiarizes them with the latest advances in design change propagation and prediction. Lastly, the book puts forward design change-oriented matrix models and includes a proactive analysis of change propagation. The book offers a valuable resource for graduate students, researchers and engineers in the fields of product design and methodology, design automation and related areas.

This book showcases cutting-edge research papers from the 8th International Conference on Research into Design (ICoRD 2021) written by eminent researchers from across the world on design processes, technologies, methods and tools, and their impact on innovation, for supporting design for a connected world. The theme of ICoRD'21 has been "Design for Tomorrow". The world as we know it in our times is increasingly becoming connected. In this interconnected world, design has to address new challenges of merging the cyber and the physical, the smart and the mundane, the technology and the human. As a result, there is an increasing need for strategizing and thinking about design for a better tomorrow. The theme for ICoRD'21 serves as a provocation for the design community to think about rapid changes in the near future to usher in a better tomorrow. The papers in this book explore these themes, and their key focus is design for tomorrow: how are products and their development be addressed for the immediate pressing needs within a connected world? The book will be of interest to researchers, professionals and entrepreneurs working in the areas on industrial design, manufacturing, consumer goods, and industrial management who are interested in the new and emerging methods and tools for design of new products, systems and services.

This is the proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Design Computing and Cognition (DCC'18) held at the Polytecnico di Milano in Italy. This volume presents both advances in theory and applications and demonstrates the depth and breadth of design computing and design cognition. Design thinking, the label given to the acts of designing, has become a paradigmatic view that has transcended the discipline of design and is now widely used in business and elsewhere. As a consequence there is an increasing interest in design research. This volume contains papers that represent the state-of-the-art research and developments in design computing and design cognition. This book is of particular interest to researchers, developers and users of advanced computation in design and those who need to gain a better understanding of designing that can be obtained through empirical studies.

This book contains selected papers from the International Conference on Progress in Automotive Technologies (ICPAT) 2019. The contents focus on several aspects of the automobile industry from design to manufacture, and the challenges involved therein. The book covers latest research trends in the automotive domain including topics such as aerodynamic design, vehicle sensors and electronics, engine combustion modeling, noise and vibration in vehicles, electric and hybrid vehicles, automotive tribology, and battery and fuel cell technologies. The book highlights the use of emerging technologies to tackle the growing environmental challenges. This book will be of interest to students, researchers as well as professionals working in automotive engineering and allied fields.

This book provides novel insights into two fundamental subjects in solid mechanics: virtual work and shape change. The author explains how the principle of virtual work represents a tool for analysis of the mechanical effects of the evolution of the shape of a system, how it can be applied to observations and experiments, and how it may be adapted to produce predictive theories of numerous phenomena. The book is divided into three parts. The first relates the principle of virtual work to what we observe with our eyes, the second demonstrates its flexibility on the basis of many examples, and the third applies the principle to predict the motion of solids with large deformations. Examples of both usual and unusual shape changes are presented, and equations of motion, some of which are entirely new, are derived for smooth and non-smooth motions associated with, for instance, systems of disks, systems of balls, classical and non-classical small deformation theories, systems involving volume and surface damage, systems with interactions at a distance (e.g., solids reinforced by fibers), systems involving porosity, collisions, and fracturing of solids.

Krieger revisits the ideas of his now infamous article of some thirty years ago in "Science" magazine. His aim is to give an account of design, one that experienced designers will say, 'Yes, That's just what it is like ' At the same time, Krieger offers an analysis of the tensions that design operates within; between perfection and contingency, between wholes and parts, between the talk we make about the world and the world itself.

Krieger takes design--in architecture, landscape, interiors, engineering, and in systems and computer science--to be modeled by traditional theological and artistic problems. And here, he claims, design has traditionally been a redesign of nature. For nature is, as Durkheim would describe it, a totem. Our collective ritual devotion to it allows us to enliven or animate it, and so it may animate us as well. Curiously, much of design and discourse about it now takes place in the computer software engineering world, especially among those concerned with patterns and object- oriented programming. In developing a notion of plastic trees, Krieger probes just what could be wrong with such artifices. As he illustrates, what we call nature is almost always a product of deliberate design. It is as if people make discoveries in exploration, discoveries of places already occupied aboriginally. In essence, he asserts what we actually have is a virtual authenticity, more real than any original could possibly be--since the original was never meant to be sacralized or featured in our lives. A provocative analysis that scholars and students of architecture and planning, environmental studies, engineering and computer science will find stimulating.

Origami structures have the ability to be easily fabricated from planar forms, enable the deployment of large structures from small volumes, and are potentially reconfigurable. These characteristics have led to an increased interest in theoretical and computational origami among engineers from across the world. In this book, the principles of origami, active materials, and solid mechanics are combined to present a full theory for origami structures. The focus is on origami structures morphed via active material actuation and formed from sheets of finite thickness. The detailed theoretical derivations and examples make this an ideal book for engineers and advanced students who aim to use origami principles to develop new applications in their field.

This book introduces the basic concepts of contact mechanics, friction, lubrication, and wear mechanisms, providing simplified analytical relationships that are useful for quantitative assessments. Subsequently, an overview on the main wear processes is provided, and guidelines on the most suitable design solutions for each specific application are outlined. The final part of the text is devoted to a description of the main materials and surface treatments specifically developed for tribological applications and to the presentation of tribological systems of particular engineering relevance. The text is up to date with the latest developments in the field of tribology and provides a theoretical framework to explain friction and wear problems, together with practical tools for their resolution. The text is intended for students on Engineering courses (both bachelor and master degrees) who must develop a sound understanding of friction, wear, lubrication, and surface engineering, and for technicians or professionals who need to solve tribological problems in their work.

Creativity and design creativity in particular are being recognized as playing an increasing role in the social and economic wellbeing of a society. As a consequence creativity is becoming a focus of research. However, much of this burgeoning research is distributed across multiple disciplines that normally do not intersect with each other and researchers in one discipline are often unaware of related research in another discipline. This volume brings together contributions from design science, computer science, cognitive science and neuroscience on studying visual and spatial reasoning applicable to design creativity. The book is the result of a unique NSF-funded workshop held in Aix-en-Provence, France. The aim of the workshop and the resulting volume was to allow researchers in disparate disciplines to be exposed to the other's research, research methods and research results within the context of design creativity. Fifteen of the papers presented and discussed at the workshop are contained in this volume. The contributors come from Germany, Israel, Netherlands, Poland, Singapore, UK and USA, indicating the international spread of the research presented in this volume.

This textbook presents the core of recent advances in design theory and its implications for design methods and design organization. Providing a unified perspective on different design methods and approaches, from the most classic (systematic design) to the most advanced (C-K theory), it offers a unique and integrated presentation of traditional and contemporary theories in the field. Examining the principles of each theory, this guide utilizes numerous real life industrial applications, with clear links to engineering design, industrial design, management, economics, psychology and creativity. Containing a section of exams with detailed answers, it is useful for courses in design theory, engineering design and advanced innovation management. "Students and professors, practitioners and researchers in diverse disciplines, interested in design, will find in this book a rich and vital source for studying fundamental design methods and tools as well as the most advanced design theories that work in practice". Professor Yoram Reich, Tel Aviv University, Editor-in-Chief, Research In Engineering Design. "Twenty years of research in design theory and engineering have shown that training in creative design is indeed possible and offers remarkably operational methods - this book is indispensable for all leaders and practitioners who wish to strengthen theinnovation capacity of their company." Pascal Daloz, Executive Vice President, Dassault Systemes

This book offers a comprehensive review of sustainability and product design, providing useful information on the relevant regulations and standards for industries to meet increasing market demands for eco-products, while reducing their impact on the environment. The examples and methods presented allow readers to gain insights into sustainable products. The authors also explain how to develop products with sustainability features by applying tools and methods for sustainable design and manufacture. These tools/methods include * Regulations/directives related to sustainable product development * Popular lifecycle analysis software packages * Environmental and social lifecycle impact assessment methods * Lifecycle inventory databases * Eco-point and eco-accounting infrastructure * ICT and traceability technologies for sustainable product development * Sustainable design and manufacture * Integrated approach for sustainable product development A description of each sustainability tool is accompanied by easy-to-understand guidelines as well as sustainable product development methods. Five different case studies are also presented to illustrate how to apply the tools and methods into the development of real sustainable products. In view of the increasing pressure on industries to meet the, sometimes conflicting, demands of the market and environment, this book is a valuable resource for engineers and managers in manufacturing companies wishing to update their knowledge of sustainable product development. It is also suitable for researchers and consultants who are involved or interested in sustainable product development, as well as for students studying sustainable development, production, and engineering management.

This book reviews the algorithms for processing geometric data, with a practical focus on important techniques not covered by traditional courses on computer vision and computer graphics. Features: presents an overview of the underlying mathematical theory, covering vector spaces, metric space, affine spaces, differential geometry, and finite difference methods for derivatives and differential equations; reviews geometry representations, including polygonal meshes, splines, and subdivision surfaces; examines techniques for computing curvature from polygonal meshes; describes algorithms for mesh smoothing, mesh parametrization, and mesh optimization and simplification; discusses point location databases and convex hulls of point sets; investigates the reconstruction of triangle meshes from point clouds, including methods for registration of point clouds and surface reconstruction; provides additional material at a supplementary website; includes self-study exercises throughout the text.

This book clarifies the common misconception that there are no systematic instruments to support ideation, heuristics and creativity. Using a collection of articles from professionals practicing the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ), this book presents an overview of current trends and enhancements within TRIZ in an international context, and shows its different roles in enhancing creativity for innovation in research and practice. Since its first introduction by Genrikh Saulovich Altshuller in 1956 in the USSR, the TRIZ method has been widely used by inventors, design engineers and has become a standard element of innovation support tools in many Fortune 500 companies. However, TRIZ has only recently entered the domain of scientific publications and discussion. This collection of articles is meant as a record of scientific discussion on TRIZ that reflects the most interesting talking points, research interests, results and expectations. Topics such as Creative and Inventive Design, Patent Mining, and Knowledge Harvesting are also covered in this book.

This collection honoring Professor Jiann-Yang Hwang focuses on characterization and processing development in minerals, metals, and materials. Topics include but are not limited to:* Characterization methodology of minerals, metals, and materials * Microwave-assisted material processes * Recycling and reuse of metallurgical byproducts * Materials for hydrogen storage * Wastewater treatment and environmental protection * Natural materials for value-added applications * Principles and interactions of material characterization and manufacturing processing