What do we measure and why? Peter Hodges explains the answer to this question in approachable language and with clear illustrations. Newcomers to the video industry, as well as those already established, will find this uniquely readable guide to the basics of a complex subject. Building on the success of the two previous editions of this popular title and covering both analog and digital video, the third edition includes new sections on audio measurement, high definition video, and innovative techniques of test and measurement.

Video Over IP gives you everything you need to know to choose from among the many ways of transferring your video over a network. The information is presented in an easy to read format, with comparison charts provided to help you understand the benefits and drawbacks of different technologies for a variety of practical applications. This new edition is expanded to fully cover HD and wireless technologies and new case studies. Whether your background is video, networking, broadcast, or telecommunications, you will benefit from the breadth of coverage that this book provides. Real-life application examples give readers successful examples of a variety of Video over IP networks that are up and running today.

Mobile multimedia broadcasting compasses a broad range of topics including radio propagation, modulation and demodulation, error control, signal compression and coding, transport and time slicing, system on chip real-time implementation in ha- ware, software and system levels. The major goal of this technology is to bring multimedia enriched contents to handheld devices such as mobile phones, portable digital assistants, and media players through radio transmission or internet pro- col (IP) based broadband networks. Research and development of mobile multi- dia broadcasting technologies are now explosively growing and regarded as new killer applications. A number of mobile multimedia broadcasting standards related to transmission, compression and multiplexing now coexist and are being ext- sively further developed. The development and implementation of mobile multi- dia broadcasting systems are very challenging tasks and require the huge efforts of the related industry, research and regulatory authorities so as to bring the success. From an implementation design and engineering practice point of view, this book aims to be the ?rst single volume to provide a comprehensive and highly coherent treatment for multiple standards of mobile multimedia broadcasting by covering basic principles, algorithms, design trade-off, and well-compared implementation system examples. This book is organized into 4 parts with 22 chapters.

The advanced industrial countries considered replacing the existing analog television infrastructure with a new digital one in the late 1980s and 1990s. Jeffrey Hart's study demonstrates how nationalism and regionalism combined with conflicting ideas over technology to produce three different and incompatible DTV standards in the U.S., Japan and Europe. The outcome has led to missed opportunities in developing new technologies. Hart's work contributes to our understanding of relations between business and government, and of competition between the world's great economic powers.

The recent demise of the independent television companies and the expansion of satellite and cable networks has led to an explosion in small, independent production facilities. In parallel with this development has been a steady increase in media training and a major expansion in corporate video facilities. The Video Studio is written for everyone contemplating setting-up a professional installation, whether studio or location based. The Video Studio shows how to estimate the scale of investment required and, depending on the nature and frequency of use of the facility, the layout of technical areas and the function of the main items of equipment is described in easy to understand language. In short this is a nuts and bolts approach to planning and operating a studio of 150 square metres or less. Completely updated to take account of all the recent technological advances which have taken place, the book now covers: DAT, timecode, digital compression, non-linear editing and all current digital video formats.

Learn how to compress video and audio with optimal quality and minimal hassles. Renowned expert Ben Waggoner teaches you to improve the quality of your final content and develop effective workflows. Understand the basic concepts of vision and hearing, apply that knowledge in the context of compression, then move onto practical, applicable information for creating, editing, and compressing the best video and audio, whether you're delivering for the web, DVD, Blu-ray, phones, or beyond.

• Clear examples of how to make the best choices in real-world projects
  
• Covers Mac and Windows products for a complete look at today's compression technologies: all the different tools, codecs, and formats for different kinds of deliverables are described, focusing on how to pick the right options for particular projects, players, and sources

Formats

• Windows Media
• QuickTime
• Flash FLV and F4V
• MPEG-4 and H.264
• MPEG-2
• Ogg Vorbis and Theora
• Silverlight and Smooth Streaming

Devices

• iPod and iPhone
• Zune HD
• Playstation Portable
• Playstation 3
• Xbox 360
• DVD and Blu-ray

Visit the companion website at http: //www.taylorandfrancis.com/cw/waggoner-9780240812137/.

With the milestones of Digital TV and HDTV, there are
lots of questions to be asked about television of today...
Understanding Digital Television explains complex technical systems and solutions in an easy
to comprehend manner along with visual 3D graphics. It helps non-technical individuals such as
managers, executives, general media professionals, as well as TV and home cinema enthusiasts
gain a practical understanding of the equipment, technical aspects of digital television, and various
ways of distributing. Most examples are from a European perspective, but also include comparisons
with North American systems. This book answers the confusing questions about new devices and
digital formats, what to do when the analog TV transmitters are switched off, watching TV using your
broadband connection, and much more.
*Describes the four major platforms of digital TV: satellite, cable, terrestrial transmitters
and broadband
*Uses an extensive collection of illustrations to explain the technical solutions
*Includes detailed illustrations and full-color section
*Contains an appendices dedicated to North American systems

Metadata is data about data, or information known about the image in order to provide access to the image. It can be as simple as the subject of an e-mail, but as new technologies emerge and the media world continues to globalize it is getting more and more complex. Metadata is key to today's IT-centric television production environment and this is the first book approaching the subject end to end, from shooting the footage to archiving to consumer set top box.

For any digital TV developer or manager, the maze of standards and specifications related to MHP and OCAP is daunting-you have to patch together pieces from several standards to gather all the necessary knowledge you need to compete worldwide. The standards themselves can be confusing, and contain many inconsistencies and missing pieces. Interactive TV Standards provides a guide for actually deploying these technologies for a broadcaster or product and application developer.
Understanding what the APIs do is essential for your job, but understanding how the APIs work and how they relate to each other at a deeper level helps you do it better, faster and easier. Learn how to spot when something that looks like a good solution to a problem really isn't. Understand how the many standards that make up MHP fit together, and implement them effectively and quickly. Two DVB insiders teach you which elements of the standards that are needed for digital TV, highlight those elements that are not needed, and explain the special requirements that MHP places on implementations of these standards.
Once you've mastered the basics, you will learn how to develop products for US, European, and Asian markets--saving time and money. By detailing how a team can develop products for both the OCAP and MHP markets, Interactive TV Standards teaches you how to to leverage your experience with one of these standards into the skills and knowledge needed to work with the critical, related standards.
Does the team developing a receiver have all the knowledge they need to succeed, or have they missed important information in an apparently unrelated standard? Does an application developer really know how towrite a reliable piece of software that runs on any MHP or OCAP receiver? Does the broadcaster understand the business and technical issues well enough to deploy MHP successfully, or will their project fail? Increase your chances of success the first time with Interactive TV Standards.
* A practical, real-world introduction to the technical elements of the OCAP and MHP standards.
* Get everything you need without wading though thousands of pages of standards- many of which don't apply to digital TV!
* Get inside concrete problems that have been found by the authors and other users - issues not generally known outside of the standards committees.

Learn all about Codecs--how they work, as well as design and implementation with this comprehensive, easy-to-use guide to compression. After reading this book, you will be able to prepare and distribute professional audio and video on any platform including streamed to the web, broadcast on-air, stored in PVRs, Burned onto CD-ROMs or DVDs, delivered by broadband, or viewed in Kiosk applications, PDA devices, and mobile phones.
Key benefits:
* Learn from an award-winning technologist for a top media company who knows how to explain codecs in terms you can understand
* This entry-level guide contains clear explanations and hundreds of diagrams--no math background needed! Also includes a comprehensive glossary which serves as a useful reference to many technical terms and jargon you will encounter
* Learn how to choose the right technique to get the most out of your compression system--saving both storage space and money

The Practical Guide to MPEG 4 offers an up to date introduction to this important interactive and multimedia compression standard (including MPEG-4 Part 10), with real examples and information as to how and where this new technology should be used. All aspects of MPEG-4 that are relevant in today's technical landscape are described in this book, including video and audio creation, production, distribution, reception and consumption environment. This book explains everything you really need to know in jargon-free language: interactive systems, content management, deployment, licensing and business models.
* Jargon-free explanation of media compression technology and it's impact on business objectives by MPEG 4 insiders
* Get a grip on MPEG-4 technology without wading through thousands of pages of specifications and details.
* Navigate through the jungle of digital media business opportunities and pitfalls.

Television has become a ubiquitous part of our lives, and yet its impact continues to evolve at an extraordinary pace. The evolution of television from analog to digital technology has been underway for more than half a century. Today's digital technology is enabling a myriad of new entertainment possibilities. From jumbotrons in cyberspace to multi-dimensional viewing experiences, digital technology is changing television. Consequently, new advertising metrics that reflect the new viewer habits are emerging. The ability to capture a viewer's interactions changes the advertising proposition. Telephone and wireless companies are challenging the traditional mass media providers - broadcasters, cable and satellite companies - and they're all finding ways to deliver TV programming, video content and Internet offerings to large and small screens in the home and on the go.

This volume showcases insights from industry insiders and researchers from a variety of disciplines. It explores the economic, cultural, technical, and policy implications of digital television, addressing such questions as: How will content be monetized in the future? What programming opportunities become possible with the advent of going digital? Will content still be king or will the conduits gain the upper hand? This book analyzes the digital television evolution: its impacts on the economics of the TV industry, its significance for content creation from Hollywood blockbusters to You Tube, the changing role of the consumer, and what's coming next to a theatre near you.

The current and definitive reference broadcast engineers need! Compiled by leading international experts, this authoritative reference work covers every aspect of broadcast technology from camera to transmitter - encompassing subjects from analogue techniques to the latest digital compression and interactive technologies in a single source. Written with a minimum of maths, the book provides detailed coverage and quick access to key technologies, standards and practices. This global work will become your number one resource whether you are from an audio, video, communications or computing background. Composed for the industry professional, practicing engineer, technician or sales person looking for a guide that covers the broad landscape of television technology in one handy source, the Broadcast Engineer's Reference Book offers comprehensive and accurate technical information. Get this wealth of information at your fingertips! * Utilize extensive illustrations-more than 1200 tables, charts and photographs. * Find easy access to essential technical and standards data. * Discover information on every aspect of television technology. * Learn the concepts and terms every broadcaster needs to know. Learn from the experts on the following technologies: Quantities and Units; Error Correction; Network Technologies; Telco Technologies; Displays; Colourimetry; Audio Systems; Television Standards; Colour encoding; Time code; VBI data carriage; Broadcast Interconnect formats; File storage formats; HDTV; MPEG 2; DVB; Data Broadcast; ATSC Interactive TV; encryption systems; Optical systems; Studio Cameras and camcorders; VTRs and Tape Storage; Standards Convertors; TV Studios and Studio Equipment; Studio Lighting and Control; post production systems; Telecines; HDTV production systems; Media Asset Management systems; Electronic News Production Systems; OB vehicles and Mobile Control Rooms;ENG and EFP; Power and Battery Systems; R.F. propagation; Service Area Planning; Masts Towers and Antennas; Test and measurement; Systems management; and many more! Related Focal Press titles: Watkinson: Convergence In Broadcast and Communications Media (2001, GBP59.99 (GBP)/ $75.95 (USD), ISBN: 0240515099) Watkinson: MPEG Handbook (2001, GBP35 (GBP)/$54.99 (USD) ISBN: 0240516567)

The authoritative work on file formats for global film and television!
The FILE INTERCHANGE HANDBOOK is a must-have reference for every film and video professional moving to computer based production and distribution. It is the only book that gives a complete scrutiny and breakdown of all file formats for the transfer of images, sound and metadata.
Geared to a global audience, this text will get you the information that you need to learn this brand-new technology. Upcoming industry trends are mapped out alongside technology standards in this complete guide.
Learn the purpose, functionality, and structure of each standard format with this single major reference on file interchange. This handbook is the one-stop resource you want for this essential technology.
Table of contents:
Intro--Brad Gilmer, Gilmer & Associates, Inc.
1. History / background--Hans Hoffman, EBU
2. Metadata dictionary--Oliver Morgan, Metaglue Corporation
3. Digital Picture eXchange (DPX)--Dave Bancroft, Thomson
4. General eXchange Format (GXF)--Bob Edge and Ray Baldock, Thomson Grass Valley
5. Material eXchange Format (MXF)--Jim Wilkinson, Sony, and Bruce Devlin, Snell & Wilcox, Ltd
6. Advanced Authoring Format (AAF)--Phil Tudor, BBC
7. Windows Media 9-Advanced System Format (ASF)--Nick Vicars-Harris, Microsoft Corporation
8. Apple QuickTime--George Towner, Apple Computer, Inc.
Praise for the File Interchange Handbook:
"Brad Gilmer has assembled a timely and valuable reference work covering the technical and structural aspects of file formats and wrappers used for processing program content. The book provides a clear, concise description of the file wrapperstogether with valuable background and applications information. It has been tailored for the practicing engineer and technical manager. Chapters on the SMPTE Metadata Dictionary and the Advanced Authoring Format are particularly relevant. This book is a valuable reference work for every practicing broadcast and teleproduction engineer, every Information Technology professional, and those in the telecommunications field who are actively involved in the manufacturing, management, transport or delivery of media and entertainment content."
- Gavin Schutz, Chief Technology Officer, Ascent Media Group
"I found this book to be an excellent up to date reference manual and a "must read" for anyone currently involved in the design and implementation of multimedia facilities. It helped me to gain a better understanding of issues that must be addressed as we transition our stations from traditional base band audio video environments to a file based IT infrastructures."
- Ira Goldstone, VP chief technology officer Tribune Broadcasting

"In the mid '90s, CNN and other broadcasters recognized the need for standardized file exchange of broadcast material. Our technology plans mapped a path to an integrated production environment that was based on video files instead of video streams. With these new systems, we wanted to ensure that we could continue to leverage the best technology for the various parts of our production systems while taking advantage of more efficient content access. This created a strong need for open, standardized methods of exchanging video files that would support a variety of compressions and Metadata. These protocols needed to handle everything from simple fileexchange to complex authoring formats for content in active production. Because of these needs, CNN pushed the industry to create several of the formats discussed in detail in this book and provided active user requirements during their creation. Within the next year, CNN will have systems in place that use MXF for file exchange between our production editing, playback and archive systems. And we have decided that all future systems will support MXF and AAF."
- Gordon Castle, Senior Vice President, CNN Technology
"Worldwide, the transition from traditional video systems to those based on IT is creating opportunities in all quarters. Enter the ubiquitous use of the file; files for archive, streamed files, just-in-time file transfers, proxy files, video server files, compositional metadata files, digital cinema files and the list goes on. Our industry was in desperate need for a file format guidebook until this reference came along. This is just what the doctor ordered. The formats in this book will become the cornerstones of all professional video systems for years to come. Don't get left behind. The file format train is leaving now and this book is your ticket to ride."
- Al Kovalick, Strategist and Pinnacle Fellow, Pinnacle Systems
The only major reference on file interchange
A complete reference by the leading thinkers and innovators
For a global audience on a "need to know" topic

Technology is meant to make life easier and to raise its quality. Our interaction with technology should be designed according to human needs instead of us being required to adapt to technology. Even so, technology may change quickly and people and their habits change slowly. With the aim of supporting user acceptance of iTV, the focus of this book is on the usability of iTV applications. A method for developing interaction design patterns especially for new technologies is presented for the first time.

The main characteristics covered in this new approach are: systematic identification of recurrent design problems; usability as a quality criterion for design solutions; integration of designers into the pattern development process including identification of designers' needs, and iterative evaluation and optimisation of patterns to encourage designers to accept and use them; usability testing to identify proven design solutions and their trade-offs; presentation of specific design guidelines.

This book focuses on the two psychological factors of naturalness and ease of viewing of three-dimensional high-definition television (3D HDTV) images. It has been said that distortions peculiar to stereoscopic images, such as the puppet theater effect or the cardboard effect, spoil the sense of presence. Whereas many earlier studies have focused on geometrical calculations about these distortions, this book instead describes the relationship between the naturalness of reproduced 3D HDTV images and the nonlinearity of depthwise reproduction. The ease of viewing of each scene is regarded as one of the causal factors of visual fatigue. Many of the earlier studies have been concerned with the accurate extraction of local parallax; however, this book describes the typical spatiotemporal distribution of parallax in 3D images. The purpose of the book is to examine the correlations between the psychological factors and amount of characteristics of parallax distribution in order to understand the characteristics of easy- and difficult-to-view images and then to seek to create a new 3D HDTV system that minimizes visual fatigue for the viewer. The book is an important resource for researchers who wish to investigate and better understand various psychological effects caused by stereoscopic images. "

This book describes the fundamentals and details of MPEG-2 Systems technology Written by an expert in the field, this book examines the MPEG-2 system specification as developed in the early 1990 s, as well as its evolution into the fourth edition of the MPEG-2 systems standard, published in 2013. While MPEG-2 systems will continue to evolve further, this book describes the MPEG-2 system functionality as of October 2013. Furthermore, relevant background information is provided. The discussion of MPEG-2 system functionality requires knowledge of various fundamental issues, such as timing, and supported content formats. Therefore also some basic information on video and audio coding is provided, including their evolution. Also other content formats supported in MPEG-2 systems are described, as far as needed to understand MPEG-2 systems. * Ordered logically working from the basics and background through to the details and fundamentals of MPEG-2 transport streams and program streams * Explores important issues within the standardization process itself * Puts the developments on MPEG-2 systems into historic perspective * Includes support of 3D Video and transport of AVC, SVC and MVC * Concludes with additional issues such as real-time interface, delivery over IP networks and usage by application standardization bodies * Predicts a continuing promising future for MPEG-2 transport streams

CCTV and Policing is the first major published work to present a comprehensive assessment of the impact of CCTV on the police in Britain. Drawing extensively upon empirical research, the volume examines how the police in Britain first became involved in public area surveillance, and how they have since attempted to use CCTV technology to prevent, respond to, and investigate crime. In addition, the volume also provides a detailed analysis of the legality of CCTV surveillance in light of recent changes to the Data Protection Act and the incorporation of the European Convention on Human Rights. Challenging many existing accounts of the relationship between the police and new surveillance technologies, CCTV and Policing breaks new ground in policing and surveillance theory, and argues that it is time for a major reassessment of both our understanding of how the police respond to technological change, and of the role played by such technologies in our society.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 6th Iberoamerican Conference on Applications and Usability of Interactive Television, jAUTI 2017, in Aveiro, Portugal, in October 2017. The 11 full papers presented together with one invited talk paper were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on Design and Evaluation of IDTV Services and Content; IDTV Content Recommendation; Omnidirectional Video and Video Repositories; IDTV Interaction Techniques and Accessibility.

What today’s TV engineers need to know about working with digital systems

This book helps systems engineers, designers, and managers in TV broadcasting make a smooth transition from analog to digital technologies. With an emphasis on RF transmission rather than baseband signal processing, it offers in a single resource a complete discussion of the digital TV signal, from the input to the transmitter to the output of the receiving antenna.

Industry expert Gerald Collins provides clear, up-to-date explanations that build upon experience engineers already have with analog technology, including comparisons between analog and digital systems, factors affecting the performance of VHF and UHF stations, and down-to-earth discussions of modern high-power RF filters. Plus, he provides over 150 high-quality illustrations and tables as well as extensive references for readers wishing to pursue the subject more in depth. The discussion includes:

• Major digital TV transmission standards
• Key performance parameters of interest to RF engineers
• The theory of operation and practical implementation of major system components
• Factors affecting propagation of digital TV signals
• Results of field testing of DTV systems
• Performance data on the American ATSC, the European DVB, and the Japanese ISDB-T systems

The DTV waveform shown on the cover was photographed by Bob Plonka of Harris Corporation and is used with permission.

This book presents revised selected papers from the 14th International Forum on Digital TV and Wireless Multimedia Communication, IFTC 2017, held in Shanghai, China, in November 2017. The 46 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 122 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: image processing; machine learning; quality assessment; social media; telecommunications; video surveillance; virtual reality; computer vision; and image compression.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th Iberoamerican Conference on Applications and Usability of Interactive TV , jAUTI 2016, held in conjunction with the III International Congress on Information Engineering and Information Systems, in La Habana, Cuba, in November 2016. The 11 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 30 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on IDTV content production and recommendation; video consumption and preservation; social TV; IDTV interaction techniques; IDTV user experiences.

The explosive growth of network, multimedia and wireless technology is fundamentally changing the way people communicate, fueling demand for reliable real-time transmission of image and video data.

This unique text/reference systematically examines the issues in distributed video coding (DVC) and multiple description coding (MDC), two novel techniques designed to address the problems of conventional image and video compression coding. The book begins with a state-of-the-art survey of the topic, before proposing new methods for improving the performance of image and video transmission using DVC and MDC. Covering all fundamental concepts and core technologies, the chapters can also be read as independent and self-sufficient, describing each methodology in sufficient detail to enable readers to repeat the corresponding experiments easily.

Topics and features: provides a broad overview of DVC and MDC, from the basic principles to the latest research; covers sub-sampling based MDC, quantization based MDC, transform based MDC, and FEC based MDC; discusses Sleplian-Wolf coding based on Turbo and LDPC respectively, and comparing relative performance; includes original algorithms of MDC and DVC; presents the basic frameworks and experimental results, to help readers improve the efficiency of MDC and DVC; introduces the classical DVC system for mobile communications, providing the developmental environment in detail.

Researchers and engineers will find this book a useful reference on DVC and MDC technologies, and a guide for developing practical applications for DVC and MDC systems. The text will also be of interest to graduate students in image processing and signal processing.

We present queueing-based algorithms to calculate the bandwidth required for a video stream so that the three main Quality of Service constraints, i.e., end-to-end delay, jitter and packet loss, are ensured. Conversational and streaming video-based applications are becoming a major part of the everyday Internet usage. The quality of these applications (QoS), as experienced by the user, depends on three main metrics of the underlying network, namely, end-to-end delay, jitter and packet loss. These metrics are, in turn, directly related to the capacity of the links that the video traffic traverses from its source to destination. The main problem that this book addresses is how much bandwidth we should allocate on the path from source to destination of a video traffic flow such that the end-to-end delay, jitter and packet loss of the video packets are within some expected required bounds.

Developing usable, useful, and appealing solutions for the customer or user experience requires customization according to specific users' needs amidst frequently changing physical and social environments. Complex design problems like these require interdisciplinary perspectives that cover software functionality, human interaction and communication experiences, and perceived value. After defining and summarizing current research and development, this book focuses on Mobile TV experience in everyday life, innovative conceptual and participatory design methods, contextual analysis methods, social context for interactive multimedia systems, advanced interaction with mobile digital content, and future trends for the wide range of products and services that will be offered in the decade to come. The Editors have carefully balanced the theoretical and empirical approaches providing a valuable insight into principles and methods, as well as actionable guidelines and recommendations for all those interested in exploring how to achieve the core objectives of usability, usefulness, and social appeal of this new mobile-video technology. The book answers many questions, and raises some new ones that only future technology development and deployment in mobile human-computer interaction and communication can answer.